# ASC 705-10: Cost of Sales and Services — Overall

Source: FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Basic View

[Read online](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/)

Study and research edition. Verify current requirements with the official source. Summaries, enrichment, and tags are machine-generated study aids. Paragraph html preserves source markup; snippet is abbreviated. Pending content is not necessarily effective.

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## ASC 705-10: Cost of Sales and Services — Overall

### Machine-generated study aids

```json
{
  "summary": "ASC 705-10 is a \"pointer\" subtopic: it contains almost no substantive rules of its own and instead links to the Topics where cost of sales and services guidance actually resides. This structure follows from the Codification's asset liability model, under which costs are recognized as assets are sold or remeasured (or liabilities incurred), so the guidance sits in Topics such as 330 (inventory), 360 (PP&E), 606/340-40 (customer contracts), and 718 (share-based payment).",
  "key_points": [
    "Topic 705 comprises two subtopics — Overall (705-10) and Accounting for Consideration Received from a Vendor (705-20) (705-10-05-1).",
    "705-10 provides only links to other Subtopics because the asset liability model places cost-of-sales guidance in the Derecognition and Subsequent Measurement Sections of the related asset Topics, e.g., Topic 330 and Topic 360 (705-10-05-1A; 705-10-25-1).",
    "Inventory-driven cost of sales adjustments are governed by 330-10-35-1A through 35-11 (subsequent measurement) and 330-10-30-1 through 30-13 (cost basis and inventory pricing methods) (705-10-25-2; 705-10-25-3).",
    "Sales with a right of return follow Topic 606, specifically 606-10-32-10 and 606-10-55-22 through 55-29 (705-10-25-4).",
    "Incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer and fulfillment costs not within another Topic's scope are accounted for under Subtopic 340-40 (705-10-25-4A).",
    "Other cross-references: 360-10-35-38 through 35-40 (costs to sell held-for-sale long-lived assets), 270-10-45-4 through 45-6 (interim reporting), 605-20-25-6 (loss on separately priced extended warranty and product maintenance contracts), 718-10-25 (share-based payment), 985-330 (software duplication and packaging), 350-40 (internal-use software sold) (705-10-25-5 through 25-15).",
    "All of Section 705-10-45 and several Section 25 paragraphs were superseded by ASU 2014-09, so legacy cost-of-sales presentation guidance now flows through Topic 606 and Subtopic 340-40."
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Recognition",
    "Inventory and PP&E",
    "Revenue",
    "Financial statement presentation"
  ],
  "audience_level": "introductory",
  "student_note": "The point here is structural, not substantive: there is no freestanding \"cost of sales\" standard in U.S. GAAP, so you must locate the rule in the asset or contract Topic (330, 360, 606, 340-40, 718). A common misunderstanding is treating ASC 705-10 as authority for measuring cost of goods sold; the only real substance in Topic 705 is in 705-20 on vendor consideration.",
  "related_topics": [
    "705-20",
    "330-10",
    "360-10",
    "340-40",
    "606-10",
    "270-10"
  ],
  "key_concepts": [
    "cost of sales and services",
    "asset liability model",
    "cross-reference subtopic",
    "inventory pricing methods",
    "right of return",
    "costs to obtain and fulfill a contract",
    "costs to sell long-lived assets",
    "interim cost recognition"
  ]
}
```

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## ASC 705-10-00: 00 Status

[Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#00-status)

SEC content: no

##### [705-10-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-00-1)

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The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.

<table class="asc-table" id="SL51797516-161607"><tbody><tr><td class="entry"><strong class="ph b">Paragraph</strong></td><td class="entry"><strong class="ph b">Action</strong></td><td class="entry"><strong class="ph b">Accounting Standards Update</strong></td><td class="entry"><strong class="ph b">Date</strong></td></tr><tr><td class="entry"></td><td class="entry"></td><td class="entry"></td><td class="entry"></td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#contract" class="term" title="An agreement between two or more parties that creates enforceable rights and obligations."><span>Contract</span></a></td><td class="entry">Added</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#customer" class="term" title="A party that has contracted with an entity to obtain goods or services that are an output of the entity's ordinary activities in exchange for consideration."><span>Customer</span></a></td><td class="entry">Added</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#revenue" class="term" title="Inflows or other enhancements of assets of an entity or settlements of its liabilities (or a combination of both) from delivering or producing goods, rendering services, or other activities that constitute the entity's ongoing major or central operations."><span>Revenue</span></a></td><td class="entry">Added</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"></td><td class="entry"></td><td class="entry"></td><td class="entry"></td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-05-1" class="xref">705-10-05-1</a></td><td class="entry">Amended</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-05-1A" class="xref">705-10-05-1A</a></td><td class="entry">Added</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-05-2" class="xref">705-10-05-2</a></td><td class="entry">Amended</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-2" class="xref">705-10-25-2</a></td><td class="entry">Amended</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-11/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-11</a></td><td class="entry">07/22/2015</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-4" class="xref">705-10-25-4</a></td><td class="entry">Amended</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-4A" class="xref">705-10-25-4A</a></td><td class="entry">Added</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-6" class="xref">705-10-25-6</a></td><td class="entry">Superseded</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-8" class="xref">705-10-25-8</a></td><td class="entry">Amended</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-9" class="xref">705-10-25-9</a></td><td class="entry">Amended</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><div class="xref-range displayInline"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-10" class="xref">705-10-25-10 through 25-12</a></div></td><td class="entry">Superseded</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr><tr><td class="entry"><div class="xref-range displayInline"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-45-1" class="xref">705-10-45-1 through 45-5</a></div></td><td class="entry">Superseded</td><td class="entry"><a href="https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/" class="xref">Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09</a></td><td class="entry">05/28/2014</td></tr></tbody></table>

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## ASC 705-10-05: 05 Overview and Background

[Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#05-overview-and-background)

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##### [705-10-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-05-1)

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The Cost of Sales and Services Topic includes the following Subtopics:

1.  a
    
    Overall
    
2.  b
    
    Accounting for Consideration Received from a Vendor.

##### [705-10-05-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-05-1A)

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The Overall Subtopic only provides links to guidance on accounting for the cost of sales and services in other applicable Subtopics because the asset liability model used in the Codification generally results in the inclusion of that guidance in other Topics. For example, because assets are sold or remeasured (or liabilities are incurred), the guidance related to the transactions is included in the applicable Derecognition and Subsequent Measurement Sections of Topic 330 on inventory and Topic 360 on plant, property, and equipment rather than in this Topic.

##### [705-10-05-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-05-2)

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Included in Section 705-10-25 are links to certain other Subtopics containing guidance applicable to the recognition of cost of sales and services.

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## ASC 705-10-25: 25 Recognition

[Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#25-recognition)

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##### [705-10-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-1)

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This Section consists solely of links to other Subtopics because the asset liability model used in the Codification requires that applicable guidance be included in other Topics. In addition, the following may not represent a complete list of other Topics containing cost of sales and services guidance.

#### Inventory

##### [705-10-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-2)

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See paragraphs

[330-10-35-1A through 35-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/330/10/#330-10-35-1A)

for adjustments affecting cost of sales and services resulting from the subsequent measurement of inventory.

##### [705-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-3)

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See paragraphs

[330-10-30-1 through 30-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/330/10/#330-10-30-1)

for adjustments affecting cost of sales and services resulting from establishing the cost basis and the use of inventory pricing methods.

##### [705-10-25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-4)

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See Topic 606 on [revenue](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#revenue "Inflows or other enhancements of assets of an entity or settlements of its liabilities (or a combination of both) from delivering or producing goods, rendering services, or other activities that constitute the entity's ongoing major or central operations.") from [contracts](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#contract "An agreement between two or more parties that creates enforceable rights and obligations.") with [customers](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#customer "A party that has contracted with an entity to obtain goods or services that are an output of the entity's ordinary activities in exchange for consideration."), specifically paragraph [606-10-32-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/606/10/#606-10-32-10) and paragraphs

[606-10-55-22 through 55-29](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/606/10/#606-10-55-22)

for the accounting for a sale with a right of return.

#### Other Assets and Deferred Costs—Contracts with Customers

##### [705-10-25-4A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-4A)

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See Subtopic 340-40 for guidance on the following costs related to a [contract](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#contract "An agreement between two or more parties that creates enforceable rights and obligations.") with a [customer](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#customer "A party that has contracted with an entity to obtain goods or services that are an output of the entity's ordinary activities in exchange for consideration.") within the scope of Topic 606 on revenue from contracts with customers:

1.  a
    
    Incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer
    
2.  b
    
    Costs incurred in fulfilling a contract with a customer that are not within the scope of another Topic.

#### Property, Plant, and Equipment

##### [705-10-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-5)

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See paragraphs

[360-10-35-38 through 35-40](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/360/10/#360-10-35-38)

for a discussion of the costs to sell long-lived assets classified as held for sale for purposes of measuring the expected disposal loss.

##### [705-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-6)

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[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/).

#### Interim Financial Reporting

##### [705-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-7)

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See paragraphs

[270-10-45-4 through 45-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-45-4)

for a discussion of recognition principles used for cost of sales and services used in reporting on an interim basis.

#### Extended Warranty and Product Maintenance Contracts

##### [705-10-25-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-8)

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See paragraph [605-20-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/605/20/#605-20-25-6) for guidance on recognizing a loss on separately priced extended warranty and product maintenance contracts.

#### Consideration Received from a Vendor

##### [705-10-25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-9)

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See Subtopic 705-20 for a discussion of consideration received from a vendor by a customer.

##### [705-10-25-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-10)

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[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/).

##### [705-10-25-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-11)

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[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/).

##### [705-10-25-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-12)

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[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/).

#### Costs Resulting from Share-Based Payment Transactions

##### [705-10-25-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-13)

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See Section 718-10-25 for a discussion of recognition principles for costs incurred under share-based payment transactions.

#### Costs of Computer Software Sold

##### [705-10-25-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-14)

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For guidance on costs incurred for duplicating the computer software, documentation, and training materials from product masters and for physically packaging the product for distribution, see Subtopic 985-330.

##### [705-10-25-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-25-15)

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See Subtopic 350-40 for a discussion of the cost of internal-use computer software sold.

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## ASC 705-10-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters

[Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#45-other-presentation-matters)

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##### [705-10-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-45-1)

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[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/).

##### [705-10-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-45-2)

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[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/).

##### [705-10-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-45-3)

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[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/).

##### [705-10-45-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-45-4)

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[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/).

##### [705-10-45-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/705/10/#705-10-45-5)

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[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2014-09/).
