# ASC 715-60-15: Compensation—Retirement Benefits — Defined Benefit Plans—Other Postretirement — 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions

Source: FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Basic View

[Read online](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions)

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## ASC 715-60-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions

[Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions)

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#### Overall Guidance

##### [715-60-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-1)

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This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 715-10-15, with specific qualifications and exceptions noted below.

##### [715-60-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-2)

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The General Subsection of this Section establishes the pervasive scope of this Subtopic, with specific exceptions noted in the other Subsections of this Section.

#### Transactions

##### [715-60-15-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-3)

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The guidance in the General Subsections applies to the following plans and [benefits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#benefits "The monetary or in-kind benefits or benefit coverage to which participants may be entitled under a pension plan or a health and welfare plan (which can include active, terminated, and retired employees or their dependents or beneficiaries). Examples of benefits may include, but are not limited to, health care benefits, life insurance, legal, educational, and advisory services, pension benefits, disability benefits, death benefits, and benefits due to termination of employment."):

1.  a
    
    A [single-employer plan](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/s/#single-employer-plan "A pension plan or other postretirement benefit plan that is maintained by one employer. The term also may be used to describe a plan that is maintained by related parties such as a parent and its subsidiaries.") that defines the [postretirement benefits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#postretirement-benefits "All forms of benefits, other than retirement income, provided by an employer to retirees. Those benefits may be defined in terms of specified benefits, such as health care, tuition assistance, or legal services, that are provided to retirees as the need for those benefits arises, such as certain health care benefits, or they may be defined in terms of monetary amounts that become payable on the occurrence of a specified event, such as life insurance benefits.") to be provided to [retirees](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#retirees "Collectively, that group of plan participants that includes retired employees, their beneficiaries, and covered dependents."). This includes postretirement benefits expected to be provided by an employer to current and former employees (including retirees, disabled employees, and other former employees who are expected to receive postretirement benefits), their beneficiaries, and covered dependents, pursuant to the terms of an employer's undertaking to provide those benefits.

##### [715-60-15-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-4)

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Other postretirement benefits include, but are not limited to, postretirement health care; life insurance provided outside a pension [plan](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#plan "An arrangement that is mutually understood by an employer and its employees, whereby an employer undertakes to provide its employees with benefits after they retire in exchange for their services over a specified period of time, upon attaining a specified age while in service, or a combination of both. A plan may be written or it may be implied by a well-defined, although perhaps unwritten, practice of paying postretirement benefits or from oral representations made to current or former employees. See Substantive Plan.") to retirees; and other welfare benefits such as tuition assistance, day care, legal services, and housing subsidies provided after retirement. Often those benefits are in the form of a reimbursement to plan participants or direct payment to providers for the cost of specified services as the need for those services arises, but they may also include benefits payable as a lump sum, such as death benefits. Much of the guidance in this Subtopic focuses on postretirement health care plans. Nevertheless, this Subtopic applies equally to all [postretirement benefits other than pensions](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#postretirement-benefits-other-than-pensions "See Postretirement Benefits.").

##### [715-60-15-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-5)

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The guidance in the General Subsections applies to health and other welfare benefits expected to be provided to disabled employees, whether in cash or in kind, for example, disability medical benefits. For example, the provisions of the postretirement health care plan may provide postretirement health care coverage after a disabled employee attains a specified number of years of credited service (which may include credit for periods after the employee is disabled), with a separate disability plan that provides health benefits before that date. Or, the postretirement health care plan may have special provisions for disabled employees that entitle them to benefit coverage under the [postretirement benefit plan](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#postretirement-benefit-plan "See Plan.") at a date earlier than that coverage would commence for other employees who are not disabled.

##### [715-60-15-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-6)

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The guidance in the General Subsections does not apply to the following plans and benefits:

1.  a
    
    Pension or life insurance benefits provided through a pension plan. The accounting for those benefits is set forth in Subtopic 715-30.
    
2.  b
    
    Disability benefits paid to former or inactive employees not on disability retirement (such benefits shall be accounted for under Topic 712). However, the measurement guidance in this Subtopic may be useful in applying the provisions of that topic.
    
3.  c
    
    Disability income benefits paid pursuant to a pension plan (such benefits shall be accounted for under Subtopic 715-30).
    
4.  d
    
    An employee's right to continue health care coverage under the provisions of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (COBRA). This right does not constitute a postretirement benefit plan per se because an employee need not be a retiree to receive that benefit. It is a right generally available upon termination of employment. If an employee voluntarily elects at retirement to continue health care coverage provided through the active employee health care plan and the cost to the employer of their continuing coverage exceeds the retirees' contributions, the employer shall account for the excess cost in accordance with Topic 712.

#### Other Considerations

##### [715-60-15-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-7)

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A postretirement benefit plan may be part of a larger plan or arrangement that provides benefits currently to active employees as well as to retirees. In those circumstances, the promise to provide benefits to present and future retirees under the plan shall be segregated from the promise to provide benefits currently to active employees and shall be accounted for in accordance with the provisions of this Subtopic.

##### [715-60-15-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-8)

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In some cases, an employer may limit its obligation through an individual or an aggregate cap on the employer's cost or benefit obligation. For example, an employer may elect to limit its annual postretirement benefit obligation for each retired [plan participant](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#plan-participant "Any employee or former employee who has rendered service in the credited service period and is expected to receive employer-provided benefits under the postretirement benefit plan, including benefits to or for any beneficiaries and covered dependents. See Active Plan Participant.") to a maximum of $5,000. Or, an employer may elect to limit its share of the aggregate cost of covered [postretirement health care benefits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#postretirement-health-care-benefits "A form of postretirement benefit provided by an employer to retirees for defined health care services or coverage of defined health care costs, such as hospital and medical coverage, dental benefits, and eye care.") for a period to an amount determined based on an average per capita cost per retired plan participant. Plans of that nature are considered to be defined benefit postretirement plans. See paragraphs

[715-60-55-96 through 55-102](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-55-96)

for an illustration of the measurement considerations for defined dollar capped plans and paragraphs

[715-60-55-2 through 55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-55-2)

for implementation guidance on capped plans.

##### [715-60-15-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-9)

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Absent evidence to the contrary, it shall be presumed that an employer that has provided postretirement benefits in the past or is currently promising those benefits to employees will continue to provide those future benefits.

#### Plans with Characteristics of both a Defined Contribution and a Defined Benefit Plan

##### [715-60-15-9A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-9A)

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See paragraph [715-70-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/70/#715-70-15-2) for guidance for plans with characteristics of both a defined contribution and a defined benefit plan.

### Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act

#### Overall Guidance

##### [715-60-15-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-10)

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The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act Subsections follow the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the General Subsection of this Subtopic, see paragraph [715-60-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-1), with specific exceptions noted below.

#### Transactions

##### [715-60-15-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-11)

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The guidance in the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act Subsections applies to the following plans and [benefits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#benefits "The monetary or in-kind benefits or benefit coverage to which participants may be entitled under a pension plan or a health and welfare plan (which can include active, terminated, and retired employees or their dependents or beneficiaries). Examples of benefits may include, but are not limited to, health care benefits, life insurance, legal, educational, and advisory services, pension benefits, disability benefits, death benefits, and benefits due to termination of employment."):

1.  a
    
    A single-employer defined benefit postretirement health care [plan](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#plan "An arrangement that is mutually understood by an employer and its employees, whereby an employer undertakes to provide its employees with benefits after they retire in exchange for their services over a specified period of time, upon attaining a specified age while in service, or a combination of both. A plan may be written or it may be implied by a well-defined, although perhaps unwritten, practice of paying postretirement benefits or from oral representations made to current or former employees. See Substantive Plan.") that has both of the following characteristics:
    
    1.  1
        
        The employer has concluded that prescription drug benefits available under the plan to some or all participants for some or all future years are "actuarially equivalent" to Medicare Part D and thus qualify for the subsidy under the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act.
        
    2.  2
        
        The expected subsidy will offset or reduce the employer's share of the cost of the underlying postretirement prescription drug coverage on which the subsidy is based.

##### [715-60-15-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-12)

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The guidance in the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act Subsections does not address the following:

1.  a
    
    Situations that may arise in which the expected subsidy exceeds the employer's share of the cost of the underlying postretirement prescription drug coverage on which the subsidy is based
    
2.  b
    
    Multiemployer health and welfare benefit plans.

#### Other Considerations

##### [715-60-15-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-13)

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Although the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act Subsections provide limited guidance on certain other related aspects of accounting and disclosure necessitated by the Act (for example, changes in assumed participation rates and [health care cost trend rates](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/h/#health-care-cost-trend-rate "An assumption about the annual rates of change in the cost of health care benefits currently provided by the postretirement benefit plan, due to factors other than changes in the composition of the plan population by age and dependency status, for each year from the measurement date until the end of the period in which benefits are expected to be paid. The health care cost trend rates implicitly consider estimates of health care inflation, changes in health care utilization or delivery patterns, technological advances, and changes in the health status of the plan participants. Differing types of services, such as hospital care and dental care, may have different trend rates."), as well as income tax accounting), that guidance is not intended to supersede or in any way limit the application of other relevant authoritative literature.

### Settlements, Curtailments, and Certain Termination Benefits

#### Overall Guidance

##### [715-60-15-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-14)

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The Settlements, Curtailments, and Certain Termination Benefits Subsections follow the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the General Subsection of this Subtopic, see paragraph [715-60-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-1), with specific exceptions noted below.

#### Transactions

##### [715-60-15-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-15)

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The guidance in the Settlements, Curtailments, and Certain Termination Benefits Subsections applies to the following transactions and activities:

1.  a
    
    [Settlement](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/s/#settlement-of-a-pension-or-postretirement-benefit-obligation "A transaction that is an irrevocable action, relieves the employer (or the plan) of primary responsibility for a pension or postretirement benefit obligation, and eliminates significant risks related to the obligation and the assets used to effect the settlement.") of all or a part of an employer's [accumulated postretirement benefit obligation](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#accumulated-postretirement-benefit-obligation "The actuarial present value as of a particular date of all future benefits attributed to an employee's service rendered to that date assuming the plan continues in effect and that all assumptions about future events are fulfilled. The accumulated postretirement benefit obligation generally reflects a ratable allocation of expected future benefits to employee service already rendered in the attribution period. Before an employee's full eligibility date, the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation as of a particular date for an employee is the portion of the expected postretirement benefit obligation attributed to that employee's service rendered to that date; on and after the full eligibility date, the accumulated and expected postretirement benefit obligations for an employee are the same.") or [curtailment of a postretirement benefit plan](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#curtailment-of-a-postretirement-benefit-plan "An event that significantly reduces the expected years of future service of active plan participants or eliminates the accrual of defined benefits for some or all of the future services of a significant number of active plan participants.")
    
2.  b
    
    Other [termination benefits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#termination-benefits "Benefits provided by an employer to employees in connection with their termination of employment. They may be either special termination benefits offered only for a short period of time or contractual benefits required by the terms of a plan only if a specified event, such as a plant closing, occurs.") not otherwise addressed in the following:
    
    1.  1
        
        Topic 420
        
    2.  2
        
        Topic 710
        
    3.  3
        
        Topic 712
        
    4.  4
        
        Subtopic 715-30.

##### [715-60-15-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-16)

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Examples of transactions that constitute a settlement include making lump-sum cash payments to [plan](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#plan "An arrangement that is mutually understood by an employer and its employees, whereby an employer undertakes to provide its employees with benefits after they retire in exchange for their services over a specified period of time, upon attaining a specified age while in service, or a combination of both. A plan may be written or it may be implied by a well-defined, although perhaps unwritten, practice of paying postretirement benefits or from oral representations made to current or former employees. See Substantive Plan.") participants in exchange for their rights to receive specified [postretirement benefits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#postretirement-benefits "All forms of benefits, other than retirement income, provided by an employer to retirees. Those benefits may be defined in terms of specified benefits, such as health care, tuition assistance, or legal services, that are provided to retirees as the need for those benefits arises, such as certain health care benefits, or they may be defined in terms of monetary amounts that become payable on the occurrence of a specified event, such as life insurance benefits.") and purchasing long-term nonparticipating insurance contracts for the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation for some or all of the plan participants.

##### [715-60-15-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-17)

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Curtailments include the following:

1.  a
    
    Termination of employees' services earlier than expected, which may or may not involve closing a facility or discontinuing a component of an entity
    
2.  b
    
    Termination or suspension of a plan so that employees do not earn additional [benefits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#benefits "The monetary or in-kind benefits or benefit coverage to which participants may be entitled under a pension plan or a health and welfare plan (which can include active, terminated, and retired employees or their dependents or beneficiaries). Examples of benefits may include, but are not limited to, health care benefits, life insurance, legal, educational, and advisory services, pension benefits, disability benefits, death benefits, and benefits due to termination of employment.") for future service. In the latter situation, future service may be counted toward eligibility for benefits accumulated based on past service.

##### [715-60-15-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-18)

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The guidance in the Settlements, Curtailments, and Certain Termination Benefits Subsections does not apply to the following transactions and activities:

1.  a
    
    Other termination benefits addressed in the following:
    
    1.  1
        
        Topic 420
        
    2.  2
        
        Topic 710
        
    3.  3
        
        Topic 712
        
    4.  4
        
        Subtopic 715-30.

### Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements

#### Overall Guidance

##### [715-60-15-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-19)

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The Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements Subsections follow the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the General Subsection of this Subtopic, see paragraph [715-60-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-1), with specific exceptions noted below.

#### Transactions

##### [715-60-15-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-20)

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The guidance in the Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements Subsections applies to the following plans and [benefits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#benefits "The monetary or in-kind benefits or benefit coverage to which participants may be entitled under a pension plan or a health and welfare plan (which can include active, terminated, and retired employees or their dependents or beneficiaries). Examples of benefits may include, but are not limited to, health care benefits, life insurance, legal, educational, and advisory services, pension benefits, disability benefits, death benefits, and benefits due to termination of employment."):

1.  a
    
    [Endorsement split-dollar life insurance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#endorsement-split-dollar-life-insurance "A split-dollar life insurance arrangement in which the entity owns and controls the insurance policy. The employer enters into a separate agreement that splits the policy benefits between the employer and the employee. The employer owns the policy, controls all rights of ownership, and may terminate the insurance policy (and, in turn, the policy benefits promised to the employee). To effect the split-dollar arrangement, the employer endorses a portion of the death benefits to the employee (the employee designates a beneficiary for this portion of the death benefits). Upon the death of the employee, the employee's beneficiary typically receives the designated portion of the death benefits directly from the insurance entity and the employer receives the remainder of the death benefits.") arrangements that provide a benefit to an employee that extends to postretirement periods.
    
2.  b
    
    [Collateral split-dollar life insurance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#collateral-split-dollar-life-insurance "A split-dollar life insurance arrangement in which the employee (or the employee's estate or a trust controlled by the employee, referred to as the employee) owns and controls the insurance policy.") arrangements that provide a benefit to an employee that extends to postretirement periods.

##### [715-60-15-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-15-21)

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The guidance in the Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements Subsections does not apply to the following plans and benefits:

1.  a
    
    A split-dollar life insurance arrangement that provides a specified benefit to an employee that is limited to the employee's active service period with an employer.
