{"schema_version":2,"canonical_url":"https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/830/20/#05-overview-and-background","source":"FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Basic View","usage":"Study and research edition. Verify current requirements with the official source. Summaries, enrichment, and tags are machine-generated study aids. Paragraph html preserves source markup; snippet is abbreviated. Pending content is not necessarily effective.","topic":"830","topic_title":"Foreign Currency Matters","subtopic":"830-20","subtopic_title":"Foreign Currency Transactions","section":{"number":"05","label":"05 Overview and Background","anchor":"05-overview-and-background","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":null,"paragraphs":[{"citation":"830-20-05-1","para":"05-1","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_D136E77B-6E92-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">This Subtopic establishes standards of financial accounting and reporting for <a href=\"/glossary/f/#foreign-currency-transactions\" class=\"term\" title=\"Transactions whose terms are denominated in a currency other than the entity's functional currency. Foreign currency transactions arise when a reporting entity does any of the following: Buys or sells on credit goods or services whose prices are denominated in foreign currency Borrows or lends funds and the amounts payable or receivable are denominated in foreign currency Is a party to an unperformed forward exchange contract For other reasons, acquires or disposes of assets, or incurs or settles liabilities denominated in foreign currency.\"><span>foreign currency transactions</span></a> in financial statements of a <a href=\"/glossary/r/#reporting-entity\" class=\"term\" title=\"An entity or group whose financial statements are being referred to. Those financial statements reflect any of the following: The financial statements of one or more foreign operations by combination, consolidation, or equity accounting Foreign currency transactions.\"><span>reporting entity</span></a>. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"This Subtopic establishes standards of financial accounting and reporting for foreign currency transactions in financial statements of a reporting entity.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:ee787f8e74b8e08b83695fee84b465a698b4a3bf2e8460ede9877a4c4962ac7b","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481705","source_sha256":"272c75dd295cba93f2003bc304321e6639f27188d39215c00e421f75246aceea"}},{"citation":"830-20-05-2","para":"05-2","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_D136E8D3-6E92-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">Foreign currency transactions may produce receivables or payables that are fixed in terms of the amount of <a href=\"/glossary/f/#foreign-currency\" class=\"term\" title=\"A currency other than the functional currency of the entity being referred to (for example, the dollar could be a foreign currency for a foreign entity). Composites of currencies, such as the Special Drawing Rights, used to set prices or denominate amounts of loans, and so forth, have the characteristics of foreign currency.\"><span>foreign currency</span></a> that will be received or paid. </span></span> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_D136E9B8-6E92-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">Examples include a sale denominated in Swiss francs, a Swiss franc loan, and the holding of Swiss francs by an entity whose <a href=\"/glossary/f/#functional-currency\" class=\"term\" title=\"An entity's functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates; normally, that is the currency of the environment in which an entity primarily generates and expends cash. (See paragraphs 830-10-45-2830-10-45-3830-10-45-4830-10-45-5830-10-45-6 and 830-10-55-3830-10-55-4830-10-55-5830-10-55-6830-10-55-7.)\"><span>functional currency</span></a> is the dollar. </span></span> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_D136EA8B-6E92-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">Likewise, a Swiss franc denominated transaction by a German entity or other entity whose functional currency is not the Swiss franc is a foreign currency transaction. </span></span> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_D136EB56-6E92-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">For any entity whose functional currency is not the dollar, a dollar-denominated transaction is also a foreign currency transaction. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"Foreign currency transactions may produce receivables or payables that are fixed in terms of the amount of foreign currency that will be received or paid. Examples include a sale denominated in Swiss francs, a Swiss fran…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:9f2440a6a113545004454616f576844595c55c55a2223386e15ef125e99981af","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481705","source_sha256":"272c75dd295cba93f2003bc304321e6639f27188d39215c00e421f75246aceea"}},{"citation":"830-20-05-3","para":"05-3","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_D136ED02-6E92-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">If taxable exchange gains or tax-deductible exchange losses resulting from an entity's foreign currency transactions are included in net income in a different period for financial statement purposes from that for tax purposes, </span></span> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_D136EE51-6E92-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">a deferred tax liability or deferred tax asset should be recognized as required under Topic <a altsource=\"GUID-536ACE12-AE3B-4036-B02C-E0B2A90A3E70.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">740</a>.</span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"If taxable exchange gains or tax-deductible exchange losses resulting from an entity's foreign currency transactions are included in net income in a different period for financial statement purposes from that for tax pur…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:3d99792b80cee1e6b19bc2a56daf0f2d7e000c3ce5454de3441b4064b4a6a63d","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481705","source_sha256":"272c75dd295cba93f2003bc304321e6639f27188d39215c00e421f75246aceea"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:ac6ff540cafe6e0ec246386076bf72eeec5160377bf7a45d1cf6f79675874c43","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481705","source_sha256":"272c75dd295cba93f2003bc304321e6639f27188d39215c00e421f75246aceea"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:398f64d9f74dd99d1490b68e0846f01492a2950acb98760a7fe10319c30858fd","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481705","source_sha256":"272c75dd295cba93f2003bc304321e6639f27188d39215c00e421f75246aceea"}},"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:398f64d9f74dd99d1490b68e0846f01492a2950acb98760a7fe10319c30858fd","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:46:36.938Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481705","source_sha256":"272c75dd295cba93f2003bc304321e6639f27188d39215c00e421f75246aceea"}}