{"schema_version":2,"canonical_url":"https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/842/980/","source":"FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Basic View","usage":"Study and research edition. Verify current requirements with the official source. Summaries, enrichment, and tags are machine-generated study aids. Paragraph html preserves source markup; snippet is abbreviated. Pending content is not necessarily effective.","number":"842-980","topic":"842","title":"Regulated Operations","area":"Broad Transactions","paragraphs":12,"summary":"This Subtopic addresses how rate-regulated entities account for leases when the regulator's rate-making treatment differs from Topic 842. Lease classification for financial reporting follows Topic 842 regardless of how the regulator treats the lease, but the timing of expense (or income) recognition is modified to conform to the rate treatment, with timing differences capitalized or accrued as regulatory assets or liabilities. Sale-and-leaseback timing differences are handled either as part of a phase-in plan under Subtopic 980-340 or by conforming recognition to the Regulated Operations Topic.","concepts":["regulated operations","rate-making purposes","allowable cost","regulatory asset","phase-in plan","finance lease classification","sale and leaseback financing","right-of-use asset amortization"],"categories":["Leases","Industry-specific","Presentation","Subsequent measurement"],"level":"advanced","topic_title":"Leases","sections":[{"number":"00","label":"00 Status","anchor":"00-status","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":null,"paragraphs":[{"citation":"842-980-00-1","para":"00-1","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\">The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.</div> <div class=\"norm-text\"> <table class=\"asc-table\" id=\"SL77946612-209989\"> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"> <strong class=\"ph b\">Paragraph</strong> </td> <td class=\"entry\"> <strong class=\"ph b\">Action</strong> </td> <td class=\"entry\"> <strong class=\"ph b\">Accounting Standards Update</strong> </td> <td class=\"entry\"> <strong class=\"ph b\">Date</strong> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"></td> <td class=\"entry\"></td> <td class=\"entry\"></td> <td class=\"entry\"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/glossary/a/#allowable-costs\" class=\"term\" title=\"All costs for which revenue is intended to provide recovery. Those costs can be actual or estimated. In that context, allowable costs include interest cost and amounts provided for earnings on shareholders' investments.\"><span>Allowable Costs</span></a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">Added</td> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/updates/asu-2016-02/\" class=\"xref\">Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">02/25/2016</td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/glossary/p/#phase-in-plan\" class=\"term\" title=\"Any method of recognition of allowable costs in rates that meets all of the following criteria: The method was adopted by the regulator in connection with a major, newly completed plant of the regulated entity or of one of its suppliers or a major plant scheduled for completion in the near future. The method defers the rates intended to recover allowable costs beyond the period in which those allowable costs would be charged to expense under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) applicable to entities in general. The method defers the rates intended to recover allowable costs beyond the period in which those rates would have been ordered under the rate-making methods routinely used prior to 1982 by that regulator for similar allowable costs of that regulated entity.\"><span>Phase-In Plan</span></a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">Added</td> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/updates/asu-2016-02/\" class=\"xref\">Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">02/25/2016</td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"></td> <td class=\"entry\"></td> <td class=\"entry\"></td> <td class=\"entry\"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/asc/842/980/#842-980-05-1\" class=\"xref\">980-842-05-1</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">Added</td> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/updates/asu-2016-02/\" class=\"xref\">Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">02/25/2016</td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/asc/842/980/#842-980-15-1\" class=\"xref\">980-842-15-1</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">Added</td> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/updates/asu-2016-02/\" class=\"xref\">Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">02/25/2016</td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"> <div class=\"xref-range displayInline\"><a href=\"/asc/842/980/#842-980-25-1\" class=\"xref\">980-842-25-1 through 25-3</a></div> </td> <td class=\"entry\">Added</td> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/updates/asu-2016-02/\" class=\"xref\">Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">02/25/2016</td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/asc/842/980/#842-980-35-1\" class=\"xref\">980-842-35-1</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">Added</td> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/updates/asu-2016-02/\" class=\"xref\">Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">02/25/2016</td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"> <div class=\"xref-range displayInline\"><a href=\"/asc/842/980/#842-980-45-1\" class=\"xref\">980-842-45-1 through 45-4</a></div> </td> <td class=\"entry\">Added</td> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/updates/asu-2016-02/\" class=\"xref\">Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">02/25/2016</td> </tr> <tr> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/asc/842/980/#842-980-55-1\" class=\"xref\">980-842-55-1</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">Added</td> <td class=\"entry\"> <a href=\"/updates/asu-2016-02/\" class=\"xref\">Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02</a> </td> <td class=\"entry\">02/25/2016</td> </tr> </table> </div> </div>","snippet":"The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.\nParagraph | Action | Accounting Standards Update | Date |\n| | | |\nAllowable Costs | Added | Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02 | 02/25/2016 |\nPhase-I…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:19fd2eddd17490dad0cf900984b426769a097a431ac9c4b54374649898392498","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:58:56.654Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:58:56.654Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval 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for leases for entities with regulated operations.</div> </div>","snippet":"This Subtopic provides guidance on accounting for leases for entities with regulated operations.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:c3c02fe070177b1fdad937c15cdb4e4f70d67f717fb9579b93fa0fafd0239369","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:58:59.768Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:58:59.768Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147479210","source_sha256":"b38e7dc9450e74d91ac00bb69cfab82d918a3fd9cf844d828a6212999e8b8d5e"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:9e38c7baf7c35016a1b04983c133d90cb78fab910465e37464eeefe00d100126","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:58:59.768Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:58:59.768Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147479210","source_sha256":"b38e7dc9450e74d91ac00bb69cfab82d918a3fd9cf844d828a6212999e8b8d5e"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:b088b7fcf66faf5555933612d35b047ba5700e592f8561274ef0f8bd170eeb99","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:58:59.768Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:58:59.768Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147479210","source_sha256":"b38e7dc9450e74d91ac00bb69cfab82d918a3fd9cf844d828a6212999e8b8d5e"}},{"number":"15","label":"15 Scope and Scope Exceptions","anchor":"15-scope-and-scope-exceptions","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":"Overall Guidance","paragraphs":[{"citation":"842-980-15-1","para":"15-1","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\">This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section <a altsource=\"GUID-DFCF42C6-CE0D-45BC-9846-5A2EFDE587F3.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">980-10-15</a>.</div> </div>","snippet":"This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 980-10-15.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:6676607859d7893dc50d8d60bbca0571defba8a4005dee6d2cb9faec7a3df651","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:02.075Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:02.075Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478818","source_sha256":"bc792f62bf7ca523028a3e7b11d7ec62dcb83874dcd6317693a5bd3e059d5bf1"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:b1f80ffbd0fe4b2f62e6bdfc765e3a259c8912d8c027641a1bc0a6df2c5cc277","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:02.075Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:02.075Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478818","source_sha256":"bc792f62bf7ca523028a3e7b11d7ec62dcb83874dcd6317693a5bd3e059d5bf1"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:fb5bf3523a02a1e9109bec1bd1d159e46e33d9e123985869db18fd31ec3b79f3","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:02.075Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:02.075Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478818","source_sha256":"bc792f62bf7ca523028a3e7b11d7ec62dcb83874dcd6317693a5bd3e059d5bf1"}},{"number":"25","label":"25 Recognition","anchor":"25-recognition","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":"Sale and Leaseback Transactions","paragraphs":[{"citation":"842-980-25-1","para":"25-1","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A4932CE-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">Accounting for sale and leaseback transactions in accordance with the guidance in Subtopic <a altsource=\"GUID-DEB4A805-0F16-411F-92EA-6269206682D5.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">842-40</a> may result in a difference between the timing of income and expense recognition required by that Subtopic and the timing of income and expense recognition for rate-making purposes. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"Accounting for sale and leaseback transactions in accordance with the guidance in Subtopic 842-40 may result in a difference between the timing of income and expense recognition required by that Subtopic and the timing o…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:d058f577992a3c5309608635fbfabec410d2cc2eec0a242eb12b82d3fd685756","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:08.707Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:08.707Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478136","source_sha256":"cc2e3dfb9040f986368fa8b890dfdcd131e9a2b78f252795c5e06259c595a9e1"}},{"citation":"842-980-25-2","para":"25-2","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A493652-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">That difference shall be accounted for as follows: </span></span> <ol class=\"ol-norm\"> <li class=\"li-norm\"><span class=\"linum\">a</span> <div class=\"p\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A493863-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">If the difference in timing of income and expense recognition constitutes all or a part of a <a href=\"/glossary/p/#phase-in-plan\" class=\"term\" title=\"Any method of recognition of allowable costs in rates that meets all of the following criteria: The method was adopted by the regulator in connection with a major, newly completed plant of the regulated entity or of one of its suppliers or a major plant scheduled for completion in the near future. The method defers the rates intended to recover allowable costs beyond the period in which those allowable costs would be charged to expense under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) applicable to entities in general. The method defers the rates intended to recover allowable costs beyond the period in which those rates would have been ordered under the rate-making methods routinely used prior to 1982 by that regulator for similar allowable costs of that regulated entity.\"><span>phase-in plan</span></a>, it shall be accounted for in accordance with Subtopic <a altsource=\"GUID-17A1948C-1FA2-4625-94E2-59B6852DA264.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">980-340</a>. </span></span> </div> </li> <li class=\"li-norm\"><span class=\"linum\">b</span> <div class=\"p\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A493A66-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">Otherwise, the timing of income and expense recognition related to the sale and leaseback transaction shall be modified as necessary to conform to the Regulated Operations Topic. That modification required for a transaction that is accounted for as a financing is further described in the following paragraph and paragraphs <div class=\"xref-range displayInline\"><a href=\"/asc/840/980/#840-980-35-1\" class=\"xref\">980-840-35-1 through 35-2</a></div>. </span></span> </div> </li> </ol> </div> </div>","snippet":"That difference shall be accounted for as follows:\n(a) If the difference in timing of income and expense recognition constitutes all or a part of a phase-in plan, it shall be accounted for in accordance with Subtopic 980…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:5aa71e3350e1aac0ced68fc9b352aed130ea7da56467992e5d329aee24cdf3b3","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:08.707Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:08.707Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478136","source_sha256":"cc2e3dfb9040f986368fa8b890dfdcd131e9a2b78f252795c5e06259c595a9e1"}},{"citation":"842-980-25-3","para":"25-3","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A493C6D-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">The difference between the amount of income or expense recognized for a transaction that is not part of a phase-in plan and that is accounted for as a financing under Subtopic <a altsource=\"GUID-DEB4A805-0F16-411F-92EA-6269206682D5.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">842-40</a> and the amount of income or expense included in allowable cost for rate-making purposes shall be capitalized or accrued as a separate regulatory-created asset or liability, as appropriate, if that difference meets the criteria of the Regulated Operations Topic. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"The difference between the amount of income or expense recognized for a transaction that is not part of a phase-in plan and that is accounted for as a financing under Subtopic 842-40 and the amount of income or expense i…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:f1695a37b293d87ea9af64bf8b528cd003c4f346a6dd4c3a6cd141a7185d94cd","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:08.707Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:08.707Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval 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timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478136","source_sha256":"cc2e3dfb9040f986368fa8b890dfdcd131e9a2b78f252795c5e06259c595a9e1"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:bf25b07d5dc86eac8df6b4cec72b48b4985cddf5f2b7abdc83f9b5cb16dcfec6","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:08.707Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:08.707Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478136","source_sha256":"cc2e3dfb9040f986368fa8b890dfdcd131e9a2b78f252795c5e06259c595a9e1"}},{"number":"35","label":"35 Subsequent Measurement","anchor":"35-subsequent-measurement","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":"Sale and Leaseback Transactions","paragraphs":[{"citation":"842-980-35-1","para":"35-1","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A56608D-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">If the sale and leaseback transaction is accounted for as a financing and the sale is recognized for rate-making purposes, the total of interest imputed under the interest method for the financing and the depreciation of the underlying asset shall be modified to equal the total lease expense and the gain or loss allowable for rate-making purposes. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"If the sale and leaseback transaction is accounted for as a financing and the sale is recognized for rate-making purposes, the total of interest imputed under the interest method for the financing and the depreciation of…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:fe7dde76ad3fcf0260a779400cc19d3a8f0645674cb5e476045a7858f856e506","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:11.732Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:11.732Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147479141","source_sha256":"9c4d8ab72e7b7c3ab10dda7c72e56f5fadad30374ef4022f4873c917cdf26bd9"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:3c2b1245ce575d2562897d3d461f197b2519f68197df42cfad2cba07ddfb49ad","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:11.732Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:11.732Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147479141","source_sha256":"9c4d8ab72e7b7c3ab10dda7c72e56f5fadad30374ef4022f4873c917cdf26bd9"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:04996e556eeb86d5e346bc277fb10afb6bce826533fa73dda5a8acef4b480d03","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:11.732Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:11.732Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147479141","source_sha256":"9c4d8ab72e7b7c3ab10dda7c72e56f5fadad30374ef4022f4873c917cdf26bd9"}},{"number":"45","label":"45 Other Presentation Matters","anchor":"45-other-presentation-matters","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":"Treatment of Leases for Rate-Making Purposes","paragraphs":[{"citation":"842-980-45-1","para":"45-1","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A6555EE-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">Topic <a altsource=\"GUID-EFFBD456-3862-4F38-9F32-420717B43DE5.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">842</a> specifies criteria for classification of leases and the method of accounting for each type of lease. For rate-making purposes, a lease may be treated as an operating lease even though the lease would be classified as a finance lease under those criteria. In effect, the amount of the lease payment is included in <a href=\"/glossary/a/#allowable-costs\" class=\"term\" title=\"All costs for which revenue is intended to provide recovery. Those costs can be actual or estimated. In that context, allowable costs include interest cost and amounts provided for earnings on shareholders' investments.\"><span>allowable costs</span></a> as rental expense in the period it covers. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"Topic 842 specifies criteria for classification of leases and the method of accounting for each type of lease. For rate-making purposes, a lease may be treated as an operating lease even though the lease would be classif…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:6f21b43c0b43316636506a688bee0a5225781a535ea1fd8e117a376dbfba71f1","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478351","source_sha256":"74a6de962ad2573b7a485f11ef069ee7cd06ca742ee8056420b208411d5b20e0"}},{"citation":"842-980-45-2","para":"45-2","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A655722-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">For financial reporting purposes, the classification of the lease is not affected by the regulator's actions. The regulator cannot eliminate an obligation that was not imposed by the regulator (see paragraph <a href=\"/asc/405/980/#405-980-40-1\" class=\"xref\">980-405-40-1</a>). Also, by including the lease payments as allowable costs, the regulator sets rates that will provide revenue approximately equal to the combined amount of the right-of-use asset and interest on the lease liability over the term of the lease and, thus, provides reasonable assurance of the existence of an asset (see paragraph <a href=\"/asc/340/980/#340-980-25-1\" class=\"xref\">980-340-25-1</a>). Accordingly, regulated entities shall classify leases in accordance with Topic <a altsource=\"GUID-EFFBD456-3862-4F38-9F32-420717B43DE5.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">842</a>. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"For financial reporting purposes, the classification of the lease is not affected by the regulator's actions. The regulator cannot eliminate an obligation that was not imposed by the regulator (see paragraph 980-405-40-1…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:44e017aa28712332602480dabf6e90057c1a1fd07af81f8dac0c10e6277465f3","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478351","source_sha256":"74a6de962ad2573b7a485f11ef069ee7cd06ca742ee8056420b208411d5b20e0"}},{"citation":"842-980-45-3","para":"45-3","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A655827-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">The nature of the expense elements related to a finance lease (amortization of the right-of-use asset and interest on the lease liability) is not changed by the regulator's action; however, the timing of expense recognition related to the lease would be modified to conform to the rate treatment. Thus, amortization of the right-of-use asset shall be modified so that the total of interest on the lease liability and amortization of the right-of-use asset shall equal the lease expense that was allowed for rate-making purposes. For newly completed plants such regulatory treatment could result in a <a href=\"/glossary/p/#phase-in-plan\" class=\"term\" title=\"Any method of recognition of allowable costs in rates that meets all of the following criteria: The method was adopted by the regulator in connection with a major, newly completed plant of the regulated entity or of one of its suppliers or a major plant scheduled for completion in the near future. The method defers the rates intended to recover allowable costs beyond the period in which those allowable costs would be charged to expense under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) applicable to entities in general. The method defers the rates intended to recover allowable costs beyond the period in which those rates would have been ordered under the rate-making methods routinely used prior to 1982 by that regulator for similar allowable costs of that regulated entity.\"><span>phase-in plan</span></a> as defined in Subtopic <a altsource=\"GUID-17A1948C-1FA2-4625-94E2-59B6852DA264.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">980-340</a>. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"The nature of the expense elements related to a finance lease (amortization of the right-of-use asset and interest on the lease liability) is not changed by the regulator's action; however, the timing of expense recognit…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:529e519bf3fbb2c44bfcb68949ddba29481f59ad2a798c74ee8ac422713b0db5","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478351","source_sha256":"74a6de962ad2573b7a485f11ef069ee7cd06ca742ee8056420b208411d5b20e0"}},{"citation":"842-980-45-4","para":"45-4","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A655908-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">Paragraph <a href=\"/asc/842/20/#842-20-45-4\" class=\"xref\">842-20-45-4</a> states that an entity is not required to classify the interest expense and amortization of the right-of-use asset in a finance lease as separate items in an income statement. </span></span> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A655A06-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">For example, the amounts of amortization of the right-of-use asset and interest on the related lease liability could each be combined with other costs and presented in a manner consistent with how the entity presents depreciation or amortization of similar assets and other interest expense. However, the disclosure of total interest cost incurred, required by Subtopic <a altsource=\"GUID-07251D70-AAFA-429D-B7E1-4BA74D4FD303.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">835-20</a>, shall include the interest on that lease liability, and the disclosure of the total amortization of the entity's right-of-use assets arising under a finance lease and interest on finance lease liabilities, required by Section <a altsource=\"GUID-21545B59-0CAC-4ACC-AAC8-5EB5DFE9B0FF.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">842-20-50</a>, shall include amortization of that right-of-use asset and interest on that lease liability. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"Paragraph 842-20-45-4 states that an entity is not required to classify the interest expense and amortization of the right-of-use asset in a finance lease as separate items in an income statement. For example, the amount…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:2cb4eb835b228c76d1870e70fa5926e6bb3e6d7b129fbfb945cbf83507eea3fe","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478351","source_sha256":"74a6de962ad2573b7a485f11ef069ee7cd06ca742ee8056420b208411d5b20e0"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:193ca15b55af9a179a07851b1699af9b80ecbde1ebd08dbbf83b94aada83f1e9","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478351","source_sha256":"74a6de962ad2573b7a485f11ef069ee7cd06ca742ee8056420b208411d5b20e0"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:b15db5c2779d6ba17751a25063deae27ac7f83084c7778d17ee31d6f08c8958d","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:15.695Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478351","source_sha256":"74a6de962ad2573b7a485f11ef069ee7cd06ca742ee8056420b208411d5b20e0"}},{"number":"55","label":"55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations","anchor":"55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":"Implementation Guidance","paragraphs":[{"citation":"842-980-55-1","para":"55-1","html":"<div class=\"asc-body\"><div class=\"norm-text\"> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A735E5A-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">Paragraph <a href=\"/asc/842/20/#842-20-45-4\" class=\"xref\">842-20-45-4</a> states that an entity is not required to classify the interest expense and amortization of the right-of-use asset in a finance lease as separate items in an income statement. </span></span> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A735FBE-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">However, that paragraph also states that the interest expense and the amortization of the right-of-use asset in a finance lease should be presented in a manner consistent with how the entity presents depreciation or amortization of similar assets and other interest expense. </span></span> <span class=\"sfragment\" id=\"sfr_4A736105-6E93-1014-A13F-6E4B94C84136\"><span class=\"sfragment-source\">For example, the amounts of amortization of the right-of-use asset and interest on the related lease liability could each be combined with other costs and presented in a manner consistent with how the entity presents depreciation or amortization of similar assets and other interest expense. However, in that circumstance, the disclosure of total interest cost incurred, required by Subtopic <a altsource=\"GUID-07251D70-AAFA-429D-B7E1-4BA74D4FD303.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">835-20</a>, would include the interest on that lease liability, and the disclosure of the total amortization of the entity's right-of-use assets arising under a finance lease and interest on finance lease liabilities, required by Section <a altsource=\"GUID-21545B59-0CAC-4ACC-AAC8-5EB5DFE9B0FF.ditamap\" class=\"ditamap\">842-20-50</a>, would include amortization of that right-of-use asset and interest on that lease liability. </span></span> </div> </div>","snippet":"Paragraph 842-20-45-4 states that an entity is not required to classify the interest expense and amortization of the right-of-use asset in a finance lease as separate items in an income statement. However, that paragraph…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:b84e067b71dc84dbb7a1db8d0a447eee77b4d949c33590d562ca9cd31aec5764","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:18.312Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:18.312Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478631","source_sha256":"2896da6670772bae09d2ed9fb2d0c0ffd7232123ff474ed4cbf7ed3930ca5f22"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:744e34740df29990bf9c1753e56a1f8473af5ac0f120e92fa4578a6969a051a8","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:18.312Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:18.312Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478631","source_sha256":"2896da6670772bae09d2ed9fb2d0c0ffd7232123ff474ed4cbf7ed3930ca5f22"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:b99dd83988d8562bb149004ed9124dd3b83321d948679ca4b1b2888ebbd746a7","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:59:18.312Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:18.312Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147478631","source_sha256":"2896da6670772bae09d2ed9fb2d0c0ffd7232123ff474ed4cbf7ed3930ca5f22"}}],"enrichment":{"summary":"This Subtopic addresses how rate-regulated entities account for leases when the regulator's rate-making treatment differs from Topic 842. Lease classification for financial reporting follows Topic 842 regardless of how the regulator treats the lease, but the timing of expense (or income) recognition is modified to conform to the rate treatment, with timing differences capitalized or accrued as regulatory assets or liabilities. Sale-and-leaseback timing differences are handled either as part of a phase-in plan under Subtopic 980-340 or by conforming recognition to the Regulated Operations Topic.","key_points":["Regulated entities must classify leases in accordance with Topic 842; the regulator's treatment of a finance lease as an operating lease for rate-making does not change classification, because the regulator cannot eliminate an obligation it did not impose (842-980-45-1 through 45-2).","For a finance lease, the nature of the expense elements (amortization of the right-of-use asset and interest on the lease liability) is unchanged, but amortization of the ROU asset is modified so that total interest plus amortization equals the lease expense allowed for rate-making purposes (842-980-45-3).","Such regulatory treatment for newly completed plants could constitute a phase-in plan as defined in Subtopic 980-340 (842-980-45-3).","Sale and leaseback timing differences between Subtopic 842-40 and rate-making treatment are accounted for under Subtopic 980-340 if they are all or part of a phase-in plan; otherwise recognition timing is modified to conform to the Regulated Operations Topic (842-980-25-2).","A non-phase-in timing difference on a sale and leaseback accounted for as a financing is capitalized or accrued as a separate regulatory-created asset or liability if it meets the criteria of the Regulated Operations Topic (842-980-25-3).","If a sale and leaseback is accounted for as a financing but the sale is recognized for rate-making purposes, imputed interest under the interest method plus depreciation of the underlying asset is modified to equal total lease expense and the gain or loss allowable for rate-making purposes (842-980-35-1).","Interest expense and ROU asset amortization need not be separate income statement line items (842-20-45-4), but they must be included in the total interest cost disclosure under Subtopic 835-20 and the finance lease disclosures under Section 842-20-50 (842-980-45-4; 842-980-55-1)."],"categories":["Leases","Industry-specific","Presentation","Subsequent measurement"],"audience_level":"advanced","student_note":"The key takeaway is the split between classification and timing: rate regulation never changes whether a lease is a finance lease, but it does reshape the pattern of expense recognition, with the difference parked in a regulatory asset or liability. Students commonly err by assuming a regulator's operating-lease treatment lets a utility report the lease as an operating lease for GAAP.","related_topics":["980-340","980-840","842-40","842-20","835-20","980-405"],"key_concepts":["regulated operations","rate-making purposes","allowable cost","regulatory asset","phase-in plan","finance lease classification","sale and leaseback financing","right-of-use asset amortization"],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:8fe4f76ef7ce3571fba9c7a0a8efed609b52ed690ac18e8f1b35f7600ee33bef","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:58:56.654Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:59:18.312Z","date_scope":"source_page_range","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps"}},"related":[{"number":"842-10","title":"Overall","topic_title":"Leases","score":0.762,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:5d73138ea410f6df3bbefa726920dd9fd71898055aa7dcf82f7d53c37f23fcd7","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:55:43.879Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:56:24.118Z","date_scope":"source_page_range","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps"}},{"number":"842-50","title":"Leveraged Lease Arrangements","topic_title":"Leases","score":0.7526,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:2db688b2534124c8fd4c2bd2d1e4dd88e88266c223ad2a1c3f75fd1270406d61","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:58:02.364Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:58:37.823Z","date_scope":"source_page_range","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps"}},{"number":"842-20","title":"Lessee","topic_title":"Leases","score":0.7516,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:a8afa25e09d469942c96572ac201e23ae854572179e713dbaa71f4d6a760e336","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T01:56:28.044Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T01:57:02.089Z","date_scope":"source_page_range","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps"}},{"number":"470-980","title":"Regulated Operations","topic_title":"Debt","score":0.7258,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:0fbdbbecaad0433e8a949314fceaf8ab624b3b327e8a3d73184fa9be5105394f","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T00:35:14.586Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T00:35:24.744Z","date_scope":"source_page_range","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps"}},{"number":"980-10","title":"Overall","topic_title":"Regulated 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