{"schema_version":2,"canonical_url":"https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/960/20/","source":"FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Basic View","usage":"Study and research edition. Verify current requirements with the official source. Summaries, enrichment, and tags are machine-generated study aids. Paragraph html preserves source markup; snippet is abbreviated. Pending content is not necessarily effective.","number":"960-20","topic":"960","title":"Accumulated Plan Benefits","area":"Industry","paragraphs":59,"summary":"ASC 960-20 governs how a defined benefit pension plan measures and reports the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits — the benefits reasonably expected to be paid in exchange for employee service rendered to the benefit information date. Benefits are attributed using the plan's own provisions where possible and otherwise pro rata over years of service to full vesting (vested-type benefits) or to expected separation (nonvested-type benefits), measured using pay and service history as of the benefit information date under an ongoing-plan assumption. The total must be segmented at minimum into vested benefits of participants currently receiving payments, other vested benefits, and nonvested benefits, and the significant factors causing the year-to-year change must be identified.","concepts":["accumulated plan benefits","actuarial present value","benefit information date","vested and nonvested benefits","benefit attribution","assumed rate of return","ongoing plan assumption","change in actuarial assumptions"],"categories":["Compensation and benefits","Subsequent measurement","Presentation","Disclosure"],"level":"advanced","topic_title":"Plan Accounting—Defined Benefit Pension Plans","sections":[{"number":"00","label":"00 Status","anchor":"00-status","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":null,"paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-00-1","para":"00-1","html":"
The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
Paragraph Action Accounting Standards Update Date
Benefits Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-19 12/14/2016
Benefits (1st def.) Superseded Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Benefits (3rd def.) Added Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Defined Benefit Plan Added Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Defined Benefit Pension Plan (1st def.) Superseded Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Participant (1st def.) Superseded Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Participant (2nd def.) Added Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Pension Benefits (1st def.) Superseded Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Pension Benefits (2nd def.) Added Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Pension Fund Added Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Plan Assets (2nd def.) Added Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Service (1st def.) Superseded Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Service (2nd def.) Added Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Sponsor (1st def.) Superseded Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Sponsor (3rd def.) Added Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Vested Benefits (1st def.) Superseded Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
Vested Benefits (2nd def.) Added Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-05-1 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-25-1 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-25-2 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-25-5 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-35-1 through 35-3
 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-35-11 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-35-12 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-35-17 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-45-2 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2012-04 10/01/2012
960-20-45-3 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-45-5 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-50-4 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-50-6 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-55-1 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
960-20-55-2 Amended Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-06 03/14/2014
","snippet":"The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.\nParagraph | Action | Accounting Standards Update | Date |\n| | | |\nBenefits | Amended | Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-19 | 12/14/2016 |\nBenefits (1s…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:96a876e9b31c337f58b22ca0cf8a29d48d3a97795e53923dc0af91458ba43b54","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:37.329Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:37.329Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480302","source_sha256":"6e1a0fe47a709086623cccb6ba4b134e9f5c35529564987a09056cb7cccce100"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:ccb56b4fc17d894ad54cce684840d9a58fffaedc4215d5eaa4199a2630dfc2b6","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:37.329Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:37.329Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480302","source_sha256":"6e1a0fe47a709086623cccb6ba4b134e9f5c35529564987a09056cb7cccce100"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:83c7582af599827a71a3f92d09b0e5de2e614005fb7aa5d205144ea2c6b2540c","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:37.329Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:37.329Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480302","source_sha256":"6e1a0fe47a709086623cccb6ba4b134e9f5c35529564987a09056cb7cccce100"}},{"number":"05","label":"05 Overview and Background","anchor":"05-overview-and-background","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":null,"paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-05-1","para":"05-1","html":"
This Subtopic provides guidance on accumulated plan benefits for defined benefit pension plans.
","snippet":"This Subtopic provides guidance on accumulated plan benefits for defined benefit pension plans.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:e305324782217da00d7e946cfafe644295d1c9ae64caafc28c93b2548e9f264b","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:40.092Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:40.092Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480269","source_sha256":"78baa8d7baf4946016e839116ae1a73935c4e62ed87084ef386d12f004a6fe4a"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:2f0949f0f3e5f4664ac8993d22c3d8291e390ba938fd0a979857f02f309dbbc8","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:40.092Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:40.092Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480269","source_sha256":"78baa8d7baf4946016e839116ae1a73935c4e62ed87084ef386d12f004a6fe4a"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:70f0349d3473515e087f3c2c6b02104c01d987b95692f91ee67a7767b4d3cecc","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:40.092Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:40.092Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480269","source_sha256":"78baa8d7baf4946016e839116ae1a73935c4e62ed87084ef386d12f004a6fe4a"}},{"number":"15","label":"15 Scope and Scope Exceptions","anchor":"15-scope-and-scope-exceptions","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":"Overall Guidance","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-15-1","para":"15-1","html":"
This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 960-10-15.
","snippet":"This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 960-10-15.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:4015e1698ed944a78db3f782f54d518832e84119b7bf20f1dca3af88900bfbcb","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:41.823Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:41.823Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480240","source_sha256":"bab0a2fea0dc9a9f4a32f22062dcbb6ad231b0dd42ec0398640cfc155cc69cb5"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:30899aa1f959619cf7abb73837145978ddc3be3665e416f85e82a74702eb19f4","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:41.823Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:41.823Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480240","source_sha256":"bab0a2fea0dc9a9f4a32f22062dcbb6ad231b0dd42ec0398640cfc155cc69cb5"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:cd605416eacab612a07067e7513dadba96b1a047401c5e00cf5c2cd1a4870e81","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:41.823Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:41.823Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480240","source_sha256":"bab0a2fea0dc9a9f4a32f22062dcbb6ad231b0dd42ec0398640cfc155cc69cb5"}},{"number":"25","label":"25 Recognition","anchor":"25-recognition","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":"Application of Plan Provisions","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-25-1","para":"25-1","html":"
Benefit information shall relate to the benefits reasonably expected to be paid in exchange for employees' service to the benefit information date.
","snippet":"Benefit information shall relate to the benefits reasonably expected to be paid in exchange for employees' service to the benefit information date.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:29f9b4ef32fab7431682275b3348ac8e23e64c948012720bfc58138c65c54e62","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481134","source_sha256":"ae731771da6a4a88cc1e26a8174925874a3da718977bca7d7ab12eb64eb16df9"}},{"citation":"960-20-25-2","para":"25-2","html":"
The following best represent the benefits attributable to service already rendered:
  1. a
    Vested benefits
  2. b
    Nonvested benefits expected to become vested, determined primarily in accordance with the benefit accrual provision
  3. c
    Employees' history of pay and service to the benefit information date.
","snippet":"The following best represent the benefits attributable to service already rendered:\n(a) Vested benefits\n(b) Nonvested benefits expected to become vested, determined primarily in accordance with the benefit accrual provis…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:6ed96aadf3b1ad3ed135ac1a593b3c707b5e8d871b133f130fe07775b87cdff1","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481134","source_sha256":"ae731771da6a4a88cc1e26a8174925874a3da718977bca7d7ab12eb64eb16df9"}},{"citation":"960-20-25-3","para":"25-3","html":"
To the extent possible, plan provisions shall apply in recognizing accumulated plan benefits. In some plans, benefits are a specified amount for each year of service. Even if a plan does not specify a benefit for each year of service, another of its provisions (for example, a provision applicable to terminated employees or to termination of the plan—if independent of funding patterns) may indicate how to measure accumulated plan benefits.
","snippet":"To the extent possible, plan provisions shall apply in recognizing accumulated plan benefits. In some plans, benefits are a specified amount for each year of service. Even if a plan does not specify a benefit for each ye…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:415af098a262ec4d74c731e510f0f43753f59a7b85ad2b688d4051417933dc32","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481134","source_sha256":"ae731771da6a4a88cc1e26a8174925874a3da718977bca7d7ab12eb64eb16df9"}},{"citation":"960-20-25-4","para":"25-4","html":"
If the benefit for each year of service is not stated by or clearly determinable from the provisions of the plan, the benefit shall be considered to accumulate in proportion to either of the following:
  1. a
    The ratio of the number of years of service completed to the benefit information date to the number that will have been completed when the benefit will first be fully vested, if the type of benefit is includable in vested benefits (for example, a supplemental early retirement benefit that is a vested benefit after a stated number of years of service)
  2. b
    The ratio of completed years of service to projected years of service upon anticipated separation from covered employment, if the type of benefit is not includable in vested benefits (for example, a death or disability benefit that is payable only if death or disability occurs during active service).
","snippet":"If the benefit for each year of service is not stated by or clearly determinable from the provisions of the plan, the benefit shall be considered to accumulate in proportion to either of the following:\n(a) The ratio of t…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:f78bc101466aca82a2c2ab66ab2c1b380ee22833502f4a1916e3a53657cd57c1","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481134","source_sha256":"ae731771da6a4a88cc1e26a8174925874a3da718977bca7d7ab12eb64eb16df9"}},{"citation":"960-20-25-5","para":"25-5","html":"
In recognizing and measuring accumulated plan benefits, the following shall apply:
  1. a
    Except as indicated in (b) and (c) of this paragraph, accumulated plan benefits shall be based on employees' history of pay and service and other appropriate factors as of the benefit information date. An illustration of the application of this guidance appears in Example 1 (see paragraph 960-20-55-6).
  2. b
    Projected years of service shall be a factor only in determining employees' expected eligibility for particular benefits, such as any of the following:
    1. 1
      Increased benefits that are granted provided a specified number of years of service are rendered (for example, a pension benefit that is increased from $9 per month to $10 per month for each year of service if 20 or more years of service are rendered)
    2. 2
      Early retirement benefits
    3. 3
      Death benefits
    4. 4
      Disability benefits.
  3. c
    Automatic benefit increases specified by the plan (for example, automatic cost-of-living increases) that are expected to occur after the benefit information date shall be recognized.
  4. d
    Benefits to be provided by means of contracts excluded from plan assets for which payments to the insurance entity have been made shall be excluded.
  5. e
    Plan amendments adopted after the benefit information date shall not be recognized.
  6. f
    If it is necessary to take future compensation into account in the determination of Social Security benefits, employees' compensation as of the benefit information date shall be assumed to remain unchanged during their assumed future service. Increases in the wage base or benefit level pursuant to either the existing Social Security law or possible future amendments of the law shall not be recognized.
","snippet":"In recognizing and measuring accumulated plan benefits, the following shall apply:\n(a) Except as indicated in (b) and (c) of this paragraph, accumulated plan benefits shall be based on employees' history of pay and servi…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:1572961f13bc028c29fe32c9a102556cf5b1910de48658eb724048e4dc9f82d4","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481134","source_sha256":"ae731771da6a4a88cc1e26a8174925874a3da718977bca7d7ab12eb64eb16df9"}},{"citation":"960-20-25-6","para":"25-6","html":"
Superseded by Notice to Constituents.
","snippet":"Superseded by Notice to Constituents.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:0e92b46346017ebae7434990e06e63834d4e6f47b46815b2a071158c658979e8","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481134","source_sha256":"ae731771da6a4a88cc1e26a8174925874a3da718977bca7d7ab12eb64eb16df9"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:730e41cc775a3c099385b12007d19d0f63534ac8ca0bbf08cd5d0ed96495784a","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481134","source_sha256":"ae731771da6a4a88cc1e26a8174925874a3da718977bca7d7ab12eb64eb16df9"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:362bb74c2f88e9b7695437d2d54ed93b4b0c16b13fd511884f1bd5093ff2df2b","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:48.507Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481134","source_sha256":"ae731771da6a4a88cc1e26a8174925874a3da718977bca7d7ab12eb64eb16df9"}},{"number":"30","label":"30 Initial Measurement","anchor":"30-initial-measurement","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":null,"paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-30-1","para":"30-1","html":"
Section not used.
","snippet":"Section not used.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:c3f9f3544a1f3f2f72bedcb78989edcc0ee9d890c6d26dc10a108f45ad451b49","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:52.384Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:52.384Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481106","source_sha256":"4fd7d3ddbd4d581be2cca273c2554aafc728a39cc027f21f52b5bc8a928f2053"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:3c70936d324ca9a5895485da6755ffc62e7d653eb0ede05ccd5840c548c321bf","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:52.384Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:52.384Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481106","source_sha256":"4fd7d3ddbd4d581be2cca273c2554aafc728a39cc027f21f52b5bc8a928f2053"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:18a663eec970775253d3c0ef3ab06b0cf7251d6fb5a04eb07a96f2834f6dbb12","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:52.384Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:52.384Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481106","source_sha256":"4fd7d3ddbd4d581be2cca273c2554aafc728a39cc027f21f52b5bc8a928f2053"}},{"number":"35","label":"35 Subsequent Measurement","anchor":"35-subsequent-measurement","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":"Assumptions Used in Determining Benefit Information","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-35-1","para":"35-1","html":"
An assumption of an ongoing plan shall underlie the other assumptions used in determining the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits. Every other significant assumption used in that determination and disclosed pursuant to paragraph 960-20-50-8 shall reflect the best estimate of the plan's future experience solely with respect to that individual assumption. As to certain assumptions, all of the following shall apply:
  1. a
    Assumed rates of return shall reflect the expected rates of return during the periods for which payment of benefits is deferred and shall be consistent with returns realistically achievable on the types of assets held by the plan and the plan's investment policy. To the extent that assumed rates of return are based on values of existing plan assets, the values used in determining assumed rates of return shall be the values presented in the plan's financial statements pursuant to the requirements of the Plan Accounting—Defined Benefit Pension Plans Topic.
  2. b
    Expected rates of inflation assumed in estimating automatic cost-of-living adjustments shall be consistent with the assumed rates of return.
  3. c
    Administrative expenses expected to be paid by the plan (not those paid by the sponsor) that are associated with providing accumulated plan benefits shall be reflected either by appropriately adjusting the assumed rates of return or by assigning those expenses to future periods and discounting them to the benefit information date.
","snippet":"An assumption of an ongoing plan shall underlie the other assumptions used in determining the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits. Every other significant assumption used in that determination and disclo…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:00b4c14d4556fb5b8db35814ee907a369650e6f00e1887b09c6dc42eda94b57d","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-1A","para":"35-1A","html":"
In selecting certain assumptions to be used in determining the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits, an acceptable alternative to that discussed in the preceding paragraph is to use those assumptions that are inherent in the estimated cost at the benefit information date to obtain a contract with an insurance entity to provide participants with their accumulated plan benefits. Those other assumptions that are necessary but are not inherent in that estimated cost shall be selected pursuant to the requirements of the preceding paragraph.
","snippet":"In selecting certain assumptions to be used in determining the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits, an acceptable alternative to that discussed in the preceding paragraph is to use those assumptions that…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:c360747b5d30ce3a85d036ce753c59455685473c33aa7ceba70fe6703e814036","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-2","para":"35-2","html":"
For plans below a certain size, that alternative may be preferable to selection of certain assumptions (for example, mortality rates) appropriate for the participant group because the validity of actuarial assumptions is dependent on the law of large numbers. The use of insurance entity premium rates might also reduce for some plans the cost of implementing this Subtopic.
","snippet":"For plans below a certain size, that alternative may be preferable to selection of certain assumptions (for example, mortality rates) appropriate for the participant group because the validity of actuarial assumptions is…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:8a1073dd096fea8cae8c4fe9dc68809877c183451b189b6039b7ba0fed4efe3d","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:2e0f00e47b75cbf5f3a33578596bd65f671786428218f14f4f71f3f47847fb8a","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"block":null,"heading":"Changes in Assumptions","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-35-3","para":"35-3","html":"
The following discusses the consideration of certain factors related to changes in assumptions used to calculate a plan's accumulated benefits.
","snippet":"The following discusses the consideration of certain factors related to changes in assumptions used to calculate a plan's accumulated benefits.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:f9f859f4e4a71b0684feb5b3fe3382b0530a7c8282a346b20fba7e8348990b65","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-4","para":"35-4","html":"
Changes in actuarial assumptions made to reflect changes in the plan's expected experience shall be viewed as changes in estimates. That is, the effects of those changes shall be accounted for in the year of change (or in the year of change and future years if the change affects both) and shall not be accounted for by restating amounts reported in financial statements for prior years or by reporting pro forma amounts for prior years.
","snippet":"Changes in actuarial assumptions made to reflect changes in the plan's expected experience shall be viewed as changes in estimates. That is, the effects of those changes shall be accounted for in the year of change (or i…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:cc0d243bb78c03202a4d88128b86abf452e8958256b5cdc42330bec373d8918c","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-5","para":"35-5","html":"
Assumed rates of return used to determine the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits may change periodically due to changes in expected rates of return or as changes occur in the factors affecting estimates. A change in assumed rates of return need not necessarily result when a decision is made to replace fixed-income securities currently held with lower-rated fixed-income securities because the higher yield associated with the lower-rated securities reflects increased risk. Accordingly, a higher ultimate return on the aggregate investment portfolio may not result.
","snippet":"Assumed rates of return used to determine the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits may change periodically due to changes in expected rates of return or as changes occur in the factors affecting estimates…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:d7dfab860ffe35b2254b98f5e4e3825c8e13224e5ecde59fcb8ce8272353bab1","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-6","para":"35-6","html":"
The assumed rates of return required by this Subtopic relate to the periods for which payment of benefits is deferred and therefore encompass the periods on which automatic cost-of-living adjustments are based. Paragraph 960-20-35-10 discusses a relationship between assumed rates of inflation and assumed rates of return.
","snippet":"The assumed rates of return required by this Subtopic relate to the periods for which payment of benefits is deferred and therefore encompass the periods on which automatic cost-of-living adjustments are based. Paragraph…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:871c83d9529326d48a91df60ecacb2d082d01f63011eb4d6b6fb3ae87b47f9b3","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-7","para":"35-7","html":"
The determination of assumed rates of return for most plans is, to a significant degree, a matter of judgment.
","snippet":"The determination of assumed rates of return for most plans is, to a significant degree, a matter of judgment.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:c220dcd3a81a003f93a411607b0a209862d4c659c91aa317df8ab269de8340b2","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-8","para":"35-8","html":"
Thus, various factors shall be considered in estimating rates of return to be used in determining the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits. Among them are the following:
  1. a
    Rates of return expected from investments currently held or available in the marketplace
  2. b
    Rates of return expected from the reinvestment of actual returns from those investments
  3. c
    The investment policy of the plan, including the diversity of investments currently held and expected to be held in the future.
","snippet":"Thus, various factors shall be considered in estimating rates of return to be used in determining the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits. Among them are the following:\n(a) Rates of return expected from …","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:6002db17ccf25b867638919c87dd47ce80a39daa3498595c9b170b1c898421c1","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-9","para":"35-9","html":"
Accordingly, accumulated plan benefits will generally not be discounted solely at rates of return expected on existing investments, and changes in assumed rates of return will probably not equal the change during the reporting period in either short-term or long-term interest rates. A factor to consider in assessing the extent to which short-term and long-term interest rates should impact assumed rates of return is the degree to which the timing of cash inflows from related existing or potential investments matches the timing of payments of accumulated plan benefits. However, to the extent that assumed rates of return are affected by the rates of return expected from existing investments, this Subtopic requires that those expected rates be based on the values presented for those investments in the plan's financial statements. Further, the assumed rates of return at which accumulated plan benefits are discounted shall be reconsidered in light of changes in the fair values of investments between one period and another.
","snippet":"Accordingly, accumulated plan benefits will generally not be discounted solely at rates of return expected on existing investments, and changes in assumed rates of return will probably not equal the change during the rep…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:aa9d9066188addc5f0e4c706e03d7e39e63b8696e69ad7ee0097062c6f44e161","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-10","para":"35-10","html":"
This Subtopic requires that assumed rates of inflation used in measuring benefits attributable to automatic cost-of-living adjustments be consistent with those inherent in assumed rates of return. If an automatic cost-of-living adjustment is subject to a maximum annual percentage increase (sometimes referred to as a cap), the assumed rate of benefit increase may differ from the assumed rate of inflation.
","snippet":"This Subtopic requires that assumed rates of inflation used in measuring benefits attributable to automatic cost-of-living adjustments be consistent with those inherent in assumed rates of return. If an automatic cost-of…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:6447f854c93b0242f9a9d88144b26ed81d69d3880e43f2cab723f2751ce29bdf","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-11","para":"35-11","html":"
Pension benefits are not paid unless employees live to retirement, and they cease upon death unless there is a coannuitant, as in the case of a joint and survivor option. Therefore, accumulated plan benefits shall be adjusted to reflect participants' longevity.
","snippet":"Pension benefits are not paid unless employees live to retirement, and they cease upon death unless there is a coannuitant, as in the case of a joint and survivor option. Therefore, accumulated plan benefits shall be adj…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:ac6c409c26c425701be0bf0cb6fa992154cda05740d142bd4922eeb24048267b","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-12","para":"35-12","html":"
For reasons other than death or disability, employees may cease rendering service. If they do so before their pension benefits become fully vested, some or all of those benefits (depending on the plan's vesting provision) are forfeited.
","snippet":"For reasons other than death or disability, employees may cease rendering service. If they do so before their pension benefits become fully vested, some or all of those benefits (depending on the plan's vesting provision…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:fbf8437b56070b85524b53d19a27f495389fbdd8e9aa49ca068649713a301aaf","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-13","para":"35-13","html":"
Nonrecognition of future withdrawals would overstate the benefits reasonably expected to become payable. Consideration of future withdrawals is also consistent with consideration of future service in determining employees' expected eligibility for increased benefits.
","snippet":"Nonrecognition of future withdrawals would overstate the benefits reasonably expected to become payable. Consideration of future withdrawals is also consistent with consideration of future service in determining employee…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:885d13beb308832ab6578088b61e0deecf8803180209634136e4986487c61711","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-14","para":"35-14","html":"
The selection of assumed rates of return at which to discount accumulated plan benefits is designed to present the net assets and benefit information on comparable bases and is independent of the plan's benefit formula.
","snippet":"The selection of assumed rates of return at which to discount accumulated plan benefits is designed to present the net assets and benefit information on comparable bases and is independent of the plan's benefit formula.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:11df38f5bd09c0080ca9cfa9c7f8146e41bb52b570ed4b6953afab606bedf581","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-15","para":"35-15","html":"
Because administrative expenses are incurred when making benefit payments, those expenses shall be considered in determining the benefit information. However, in similar circumstances, their use results in the disclosure (pursuant to paragraph 960-20-50-8) of different rates of return. See paragraph 960-20-35-1(c) for alternate methods of reflecting administrative expenses in the determination of benefit information.
","snippet":"Because administrative expenses are incurred when making benefit payments, those expenses shall be considered in determining the benefit information. However, in similar circumstances, their use results in the disclosure…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:50842fcaf5d3b4cd16d20a17a447c5b6e72d9ac8b7899273e0ac02eded2881ac","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:9eb1f998e6136a207c59992bf4d08adfd5e3f041761372f1587b9360103af4b1","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"block":null,"heading":"Use of Averages or Reasonable Approximations","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-35-16","para":"35-16","html":"
The literal application of certain of the requirements of the Plan Accounting—Defined Benefit Pension Plans Topic could require a degree of detail in recordkeeping and computation that might be unduly burdensome. Accordingly, the use of averages or other methods of approximation is appropriate, provided the results obtained are substantially the same as the results contemplated by this Topic.
","snippet":"The literal application of certain of the requirements of the Plan Accounting—Defined Benefit Pension Plans Topic could require a degree of detail in recordkeeping and computation that might be unduly burdensome. Accordi…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:f2f2e63dd491c1a6b523f8095fb71f335a759380ae716db396a8571d3b9722e6","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-17","para":"35-17","html":"
Thus, rolling back to the beginning of the year or projecting to the end of the year detailed employee service-related data as of a date within the year may be acceptable in approximating beginning- or end-of-year benefit information. It is expected that only in unusual circumstances will projecting the data collected during a triennial valuation to a benefit information date in a subsequent year satisfy the criterion of providing results that are substantially the same as those that would be obtained using data as of that latter date. An example of such unusual circumstances might be a small plan with a stable participant population.
","snippet":"Thus, rolling back to the beginning of the year or projecting to the end of the year detailed employee service-related data as of a date within the year may be acceptable in approximating beginning- or end-of-year benefi…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:5056128681f52dbce719b45575b7168307214ebb861c86c73f94ae4de294e13d","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"citation":"960-20-35-18","para":"35-18","html":"
The use of averages and other methods of approximation consistent with recommended actuarial practice may be useful in conjunction with other provisions of the Plan Accounting—Defined Benefit Pension Plans Topic, particularly if applied to plans sponsored by small employers.
","snippet":"The use of averages and other methods of approximation consistent with recommended actuarial practice may be useful in conjunction with other provisions of the Plan Accounting—Defined Benefit Pension Plans Topic, particu…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:2ee6cbfd66b408fa59f207e69023507c8de7137a7138c2f5c04d29d604365900","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:7d4414d311ef197ded07a9fc56c9994ceff9d917cc69fee88db17993d64595da","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:3cb554be6809093be8f31b923794ef48ba49c0842473edb560fd73d33c0260fd","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:54.913Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481073","source_sha256":"7ad438cd6cbaf21943a47bfa0f516b6ec2f3e441604a8f52e7183eb9b2a345e1"}},{"number":"45","label":"45 Other Presentation Matters","anchor":"45-other-presentation-matters","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":null,"paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-45-1","para":"45-1","html":"
As discussed in paragraph 960-205-45-1, the annual financial statements of a plan shall include information regarding the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits as of either the beginning or end of the plan year.
","snippet":"As discussed in paragraph 960-205-45-1, the annual financial statements of a plan shall include information regarding the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits as of either the beginning or end of the plan…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:82b97d02ae4501000aaf0fd5b08ef83fb61c092bcd5722073922904c0d4fb05b","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}},{"citation":"960-20-45-2","para":"45-2","html":"
Certain flexibility is allowed in presenting the information regarding the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits and the year-to-year changes therein. That information may be presented on the face of one or more financial statements or in notes thereto. Regardless of the format selected, each category of information shall be presented in its entirety in the same location. If a statement format is selected for either category, a separate statement may be used to present that information or, provided the information is as of the same date or for the same period, that information may be presented together with information regarding the net assets available for benefits and the year-to-year changes therein.
","snippet":"Certain flexibility is allowed in presenting the information regarding the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits and the year-to-year changes therein. That information may be presented on the face of one o…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:37bab06967d74c6266e5602e98dae331e798e2dc31a6b381828cf8d4daaa5bbf","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:112e0cd98a672b413e883f0265f18ec65f7abf64728c386f3e8191017cf38a1f","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}},{"block":null,"heading":"Actuarial Present Value of Accumulated Plan Benefits","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-45-3","para":"45-3","html":"
The total actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits as of the benefit information date shall be segmented into at least the following categories:
  1. a
    Vested benefits of participants currently receiving payments, including benefits due and payable as of the benefit information date
  2. b
    Other vested benefits
  3. c
    Nonvested benefits.
","snippet":"The total actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits as of the benefit information date shall be segmented into at least the following categories:\n(a) Vested benefits of participants currently receiving payment…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:388a0ba572e57ba56327aabd0b760fd302e5e3706950fa8c7ace1c483f2b71e9","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}},{"citation":"960-20-45-4","para":"45-4","html":"
Such minimum segmentation is useful in assessing a plan's near-term versus long-range liquidity requirements. It might also provide some indication of the relative degree of objectivity or subjectivity inherent in determining the benefit information and will provide information needed by those who wish to make certain judgments or wish to compute certain financial ratios, for example, net asset information to vested benefit information.
","snippet":"Such minimum segmentation is useful in assessing a plan's near-term versus long-range liquidity requirements. It might also provide some indication of the relative degree of objectivity or subjectivity inherent in determ…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:3d1caf6f4750aca80cd6ec40568660ef759b575ee923506de0d4be0857dfa375","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}},{"citation":"960-20-45-5","para":"45-5","html":"
Information regarding accumulated plan benefits shall relate only to pension obligations. Even in situations in which separate financial statements are not prepared for a related health and welfare benefit plan, obligations related to retiree health benefits provided pursuant to Section 401(h) of the Internal Revenue Code shall not be reported in the statement of accumulated plan benefits of the defined benefit pension plan financial statements.
","snippet":"Information regarding accumulated plan benefits shall relate only to pension obligations. Even in situations in which separate financial statements are not prepared for a related health and welfare benefit plan, obligati…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:b9eb63d489abd3a088457631517b66dfda032317171b1c8327bcc55879ae1107","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:d78f0165345630f43fffb580fda7a11d43351ffeda57519325b536e65589874b","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}},{"block":null,"heading":"Changes in the Actuarial Present Value of Accumulated Plan Benefits","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-45-6","para":"45-6","html":"
If significant, either individually or in the aggregate, the effects of certain factors affecting the change in the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits from the preceding to the current benefit information date shall be identified. Effects that are individually significant shall be separately identified.
","snippet":"If significant, either individually or in the aggregate, the effects of certain factors affecting the change in the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits from the preceding to the current benefit informati…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:9ccfc03b53a7ce68ec5fed6fed73919d1f2e18a37b1cc5ed537d5482b7edb24e","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}},{"citation":"960-20-45-7","para":"45-7","html":"
The effects of factors comprising the net change in the benefit information will vary depending on the order in which the effects are calculated. No order for such determination is prescribed by this Subtopic.
","snippet":"The effects of factors comprising the net change in the benefit information will vary depending on the order in which the effects are calculated. No order for such determination is prescribed by this Subtopic.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:9bf7f3ddb8be09c19bdba15d0a03d4633aa0c6fe2dedbc0c8105ec7339c4b607","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}},{"citation":"960-20-45-8","para":"45-8","html":"
Information regarding changes in the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits may be presented in either of the following ways:
  1. a
    In a statement that accounts for the change between two benefit information dates
  2. b
    Elsewhere in the financial statements.
","snippet":"Information regarding changes in the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits may be presented in either of the following ways:\n(a) In a statement that accounts for the change between two benefit information …","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:6c95b73e74658782e25c95c0105a214de914bc30a84764f3d6c77338db935c16","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}},{"citation":"960-20-45-9","para":"45-9","html":"
If only the minimum required disclosure is presented, presentation in a statement format will necessitate an additional unidentified other category to reconcile the beginning and ending amounts.
","snippet":"If only the minimum required disclosure is presented, presentation in a statement format will necessitate an additional unidentified other category to reconcile the beginning and ending amounts.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:577e2041e781e332c9a02098854b5e609c576df467902e19ca887ee22de449c7","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:66c0e0cbaa6e352715844d47d7e58922dbdb96c6ca025457455e008296f1fc14","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:918d4ad32eb6c62cdccb6803db06e20cd296a42abffb4fc66d4ac7a8a90d3357","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:57.487Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481042","source_sha256":"88be53d1b0f65aa9db111c50272eb034146b8ab25dcbb6520892f4a0b2ea45db"}},{"number":"50","label":"50 Disclosure","anchor":"50-disclosure","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":null,"paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-50-1","para":"50-1","html":"
See paragraph 960-20-45-2 for required information regarding the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits and the year-to-year changes therein that, if not presented in the basic financial statements, shall be disclosed in the notes to financial statements.
","snippet":"See paragraph 960-20-45-2 for required information regarding the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits and the year-to-year changes therein that, if not presented in the basic financial statements, shall b…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:db55549bc76c20aca39194df90be1a7bbd371cc5e29b86eb5cd196ca2201c675","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:ad588754c7195d832e13c5d517216622c1c5c24c9b26afe4daad0e052d273541","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"block":null,"heading":"Actuarial Present Value of Accumulated Plan Benefits","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-50-2","para":"50-2","html":"
Present employees' accumulated contributions as of the benefit information date (including interest, if any) shall be disclosed. If interest has been credited on employees' contributions, the rate(s) shall be disclosed.
","snippet":"Present employees' accumulated contributions as of the benefit information date (including interest, if any) shall be disclosed. If interest has been credited on employees' contributions, the rate(s) shall be disclosed.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:718eb6a4fa25512b2fbac2bd8caee7d65e8fec24bec8e3761c9d0c70ddeddaa6","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:9d7a470b68780d35be0ffe4e5e734500fceae1b44b71e02e7584457297ad735b","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"block":null,"heading":"Changes in the Actuarial Present Value of Accumulated Plan Benefits","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-50-3","para":"50-3","html":"
The effects of certain factors affecting the change in the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits from the preceding to the current benefit information date shall be identified. Minimum disclosure shall include the significant effects of factors such as the following:
  1. a
    Plan amendments
  2. b
    Changes in the nature of the plan (for example, a plan spinoff or a merger with another plan)
  3. c
    Changes in actuarial assumptions. Plans that measure the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits by insurance entity rates pursuant to the alternative approach described in paragraph 960-20-35-1A shall, if practicable, disclose the effects of changes in actuarial assumptions reflected in changes in those insurance rates.
","snippet":"The effects of certain factors affecting the change in the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits from the preceding to the current benefit information date shall be identified. Minimum disclosure shall inc…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:0482edc20ed3dfadd87819d595e5f71865e2211aabf843e5d9d972f92c17432d","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"citation":"960-20-50-4","para":"50-4","html":"
The significant effects of other factors may also be identified, including, for example, the following:
  1. a
    Benefits accumulated (Actuarial experience gains or losses may be included with the effects of additional benefits accumulated rather than being separately disclosed; if the effects of changes in actuarial assumptions discussed in (c) of the preceding paragraph cannot be separately disclosed, those effects shall be included in benefits accumulated.)
  2. b
    The increase (for interest) as a result of the decrease in the discount period
  3. c
    Benefits paid.
","snippet":"The significant effects of other factors may also be identified, including, for example, the following:\n(a) Benefits accumulated (Actuarial experience gains or losses may be included with the effects of additional benefi…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:2ce84d4c069c647c14f815031655530065262da861b34c10ba4e42c1d03cf763","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"citation":"960-20-50-5","para":"50-5","html":"
Disclosure of the effects of all significant factors affecting the year-to-year change in the benefit information is encouraged.
","snippet":"Disclosure of the effects of all significant factors affecting the year-to-year change in the benefit information is encouraged.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:de76ef80f6b773bfbf7790324358d66d1d17b00bfdb425cd3b7a4156080ac373","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"citation":"960-20-50-6","para":"50-6","html":"
If presented, benefits paid shall not include benefit payments made by an insurance entity in accordance with a contract that is excluded from plan assets. However, amounts paid by the plan to an insurance entity pursuant to such a contract (including purchasing annuities with amounts allocated from existing investments with the insurance entity) shall be included in benefits paid. Due to the use of different actuarial assumptions, the amount paid by the plan to an insurance entity may be different from the previous measure of the actuarial present value of the related accumulated plan benefits. That difference is an actuarial experience gain or loss (see paragraph 960-20-50-4).
","snippet":"If presented, benefits paid shall not include benefit payments made by an insurance entity in accordance with a contract that is excluded from plan assets. However, amounts paid by the plan to an insurance entity pursuan…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:6fe481a1b7236891918e7ea3f97212ba95b786fc32d674b80aca54360ee0e4f3","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"citation":"960-20-50-7","para":"50-7","html":"
If the minimum required disclosure is presented in other than a statement format, the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits as of the preceding benefit information date shall also be presented.
","snippet":"If the minimum required disclosure is presented in other than a statement format, the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits as of the preceding benefit information date shall also be presented.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:54c273f4781e6b64b0fe7684f0a02244211fdd6f9f30f5053e7feaf6cd4eaf3e","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:f65818ac8bcd28577b3d119a885ce806086040bee45a939590a3d2d2e4ce9667","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"block":null,"heading":"Additional Financial Statement Disclosures","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-50-8","para":"50-8","html":"
Disclosure of the plan's accounting policies shall include a description of the method and significant assumptions used to determine the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits, such as the following:
  1. a
    Assumed rates of return
  2. b
    Inflation rates
  3. c
    Retirement ages.
","snippet":"Disclosure of the plan's accounting policies shall include a description of the method and significant assumptions used to determine the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits, such as the following:\n(a) As…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:e2516104b62e5472101030c126ff5bd138561059bc42ecd36e376d9ea0b95f41","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"citation":"960-20-50-9","para":"50-9","html":"
Any significant changes of method or assumptions between benefit information dates shall be described.
","snippet":"Any significant changes of method or assumptions between benefit information dates shall be described.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:e7baec21c8671341ac9825e0cd8bdb35f3b19df17df9fd0cd439e089ba7d82e2","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"citation":"960-20-50-10","para":"50-10","html":"
If the method of considering administrative expenses as an adjustment of the assumed rates of return is used as described in paragraph 960-20-35-1(c), the adjustment shall be separately disclosed (see paragraph 960-20-50-8).
","snippet":"If the method of considering administrative expenses as an adjustment of the assumed rates of return is used as described in paragraph 960-20-35-1(c), the adjustment shall be separately disclosed (see paragraph 960-20-50…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:d4285aee68b93d8f69018b6200b7f39e88132cd03f487b8461990c3f8de66f17","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"citation":"960-20-50-11","para":"50-11","html":"
The usefulness of plan financial statements would be enhanced by disclosure of the estimated effect on the benefit information, or on the difference between the net asset information and the benefit information, of a given variation in the assumptions to which that information is most sensitive. Plans are encouraged to experiment with such disclosure.
","snippet":"The usefulness of plan financial statements would be enhanced by disclosure of the estimated effect on the benefit information, or on the difference between the net asset information and the benefit information, of a giv…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:e3a031d3b54044b37c447ae363a017b284be21ababca76d2974825a13e1e4124","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:5048ed5e134ab356833f9a87839d9e24e5bf21a3eec88b463f1ae52bc1f2df7e","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:fa1f59e337955ca3024d0c009db89748b3fac3e042eac1e6ba6956fa9afb66b7","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:22:59.930Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147481014","source_sha256":"82804aa5be500bd3a36e8d63667b2b5dc109547547a4b4b48704ec5809ad7936"}},{"number":"55","label":"55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations","anchor":"55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations","is_sec":false,"groups":[{"block":null,"heading":"Implementation Guidance","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-55-1","para":"55-1","html":"
For purposes of illustration, the following discussion is in terms of an individual employee. In practice, such benefits would be recognized on an aggregate rather than individual basis because it is usually not possible to predict whether and when an individual employee will become disabled (or elect early retirement, die in active service, and so forth). It is, however, possible to estimate the disability (or early retirement, death, and so forth) benefits expected to become payable for a group of employees through the application of appropriate probability factors. The basic principle, however, is the same whether the computations are performed on an aggregate or an individual basis.
","snippet":"For purposes of illustration, the following discussion is in terms of an individual employee. In practice, such benefits would be recognized on an aggregate rather than individual basis because it is usually not possible…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:43b3dec334cbaa6535d286410668e7cab015ff6cddbe56f1e55949d1b73d9e48","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}},{"citation":"960-20-55-2","para":"55-2","html":"
For certain types of benefits, the amount attributable to each year of service cannot be directly determined from the plan's provisions. The manner in which such benefits should be considered to accumulate depends on whether the benefit is includable in vested benefits.
","snippet":"For certain types of benefits, the amount attributable to each year of service cannot be directly determined from the plan's provisions. The manner in which such benefits should be considered to accumulate depends on whe…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:482f5e26a4f33cf48f13c478d588b7aeb44b628481c5b042ceab0b6038aacfb0","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}},{"citation":"960-20-55-3","para":"55-3","html":"
To illustrate, assume a plan provides a supplemental early retirement benefit of $200 per month upon early retirement at age 55 with at least 25 years of service, payable from the date of early retirement until age 62 (the eligibility age for collecting Social Security benefits). If that benefit becomes a vested benefit after 25 years of service, it should be considered to accumulate in proportion to the ratio of the number of years of service completed to the benefit information date to the projected number of years of service that will have been completed when the benefit first becomes fully vested. Therefore, 1/25 of the $200 benefit (that is, $8) is attributed to each year of service (assuming the employee is expected to render at least 25 years of service).
","snippet":"To illustrate, assume a plan provides a supplemental early retirement benefit of $200 per month upon early retirement at age 55 with at least 25 years of service, payable from the date of early retirement until age 62 (t…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:2d62f21eeb6a8c4abc6a2568e6f49954248563673f4cef1485373089053ec995","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}},{"citation":"960-20-55-4","para":"55-4","html":"
In the case of a benefit that does not become a vested benefit (for example, a $5,000 death benefit that is payable only if death occurs during active service), the benefit should be considered to accumulate in proportion to the ratio of the number of years of service completed at the benefit information date to the number of years of service completed at the estimated time of separation from covered employment.
","snippet":"In the case of a benefit that does not become a vested benefit (for example, a $5,000 death benefit that is payable only if death occurs during active service), the benefit should be considered to accumulate in proportio…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:f300e54200fcc97201de7a46c04db4be069085f751b3708a732a29dcd222176c","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}},{"citation":"960-20-55-5","para":"55-5","html":"
For example, if the foregoing $5,000 death benefit is expected to be paid after the 20th year of service (that is, the employee is expected to die at the end of the 20th year of service), 1/20 of the benefit should be attributed to each year of service. Thus, after 5 years of service, the employee's accumulated death benefit is $1,250. In determining the benefit information, such probability factors are used to estimate whether an employee will render at least 25 years of service, and whether and when that employee will elect early retirement.
","snippet":"For example, if the foregoing $5,000 death benefit is expected to be paid after the 20th year of service (that is, the employee is expected to die at the end of the 20th year of service), 1/20 of the benefit should be at…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:42b4313d053e6de55d4d82a5af2366459fdef1f74e8d27d5ac289f8a40fb5714","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:b004af043b6e09097c7ffbdcbc1ad3da8f9e3b06ee5837be7db6b63b435e04ec","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}},{"block":null,"heading":"Illustrations","paragraphs":[{"citation":"960-20-55-6","para":"55-6","html":"
This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph 960-20-25-5(a) through 25-5(b).
","snippet":"This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph 960-20-25-5(a) through 25-5(b).","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:36b9c9cb17f835de0ba393113fe945b0bf1bf41ea6507144ece463cdb1f7c461","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}},{"citation":"960-20-55-7","para":"55-7","html":"
It is assumed that the actuary uses a full range of decrements including termination rates and disablement rates at ages below age 65, early retirement rates at ages when eligible below age 65, and normal retirement rates at ages 65 and over.
","snippet":"It is assumed that the actuary uses a full range of decrements including termination rates and disablement rates at ages below age 65, early retirement rates at ages when eligible below age 65, and normal retirement rate…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:b1f0bf55fea88df2c926b2b198cc4ac5d807b4bd0fe3b2528bc2a29287d6b61e","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}},{"citation":"960-20-55-8","para":"55-8","html":"
This Example has the following assumptions:
  1. a
    Benefit rate of $10 per month per year of service
  2. b
    Normal retirement at age 65, irrespective of service; retirement not compulsory
  3. c
    Unreduced immediate benefit upon early retirement from active employment at age 62 with 20 years of service
  4. d
    Unreduced immediate benefit upon early retirement from active employment before age 62 with 30 years of service; Social Security make-up benefit of $200 per month payable until age 62
  5. e
    Reduced immediate benefit upon early retirement from active employment after age 55 and before age 62 with 20 years of service; reduction is 4% for each year by which retirement precedes age 62
  6. f
    Unreduced immediate benefit upon total and permanent disability before age 65 with 10 years of service
  7. g
    Deferred vested benefit, commencing at age 65, upon termination with 10 years of service; benefit payments (at full actuarially reduced value) may also be elected to commence as early as age 55 if 20 or more years of service have been completed
  8. h
    Spouse's benefit upon death in service after meeting eligibility requirements for early or normal retirement (30 years of service, age 55 and 20 years of service, or age 65) equal to $5 per month per year of service.
","snippet":"This Example has the following assumptions:\n(a) Benefit rate of $10 per month per year of service\n(b) Normal retirement at age 65, irrespective of service; retirement not compulsory\n(c) Unreduced immediate benefit upon e…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:3a1aebc567c78d1101a0b6e68b5c063593c16cadd11c78a23ba97f800a6e7e10","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}},{"citation":"960-20-55-9","para":"55-9","html":"
The following table illustrates the measurement of accumulated plan benefits.
","snippet":"The following table illustrates the measurement of accumulated plan benefits.","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:ef76c4d2f5d7054bd4ee61702629248e61fb8fb09f082bf964d4a76b1843e62d","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}},{"citation":"960-20-55-10","para":"55-10","html":"
If, in this Example, there were a maximum service limit of 30 years applicable at normal or early retirement or disablement, with a pro rata portion of the expected normal retirement benefit payable on vested termination, the only changes in the amount of benefit would be for the deferred vested benefit.
","snippet":"If, in this Example, there were a maximum service limit of 30 years applicable at normal or early retirement or disablement, with a pro rata portion of the expected normal retirement benefit payable on vested termination…","pending":false,"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:ba8460f5a4adc8564a7a3b139ce1a125cf01e64bd067fbb29bb9fbe1cc9c9e54","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:5ff1829a6bd3fdc2796594a32a32787731c5bb673870196a59a75e102bb0dfc2","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}}],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:8817d93de9d521d28c9e2022a6100a169aa8d25f290aa8550992dce4f8660362","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not established by retrieval timestamps","source_key":"1943274/2147480984","source_sha256":"1c62aace83f14a7c15bcbcab174c5b2884ea8644bd079a9c9571d51465b25c69"}}],"enrichment":{"summary":"ASC 960-20 governs how a defined benefit pension plan measures and reports the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits — the benefits reasonably expected to be paid in exchange for employee service rendered to the benefit information date. Benefits are attributed using the plan's own provisions where possible and otherwise pro rata over years of service to full vesting (vested-type benefits) or to expected separation (nonvested-type benefits), measured using pay and service history as of the benefit information date under an ongoing-plan assumption. The total must be segmented at minimum into vested benefits of participants currently receiving payments, other vested benefits, and nonvested benefits, and the significant factors causing the year-to-year change must be identified.","key_points":["Benefit information shall relate only to benefits reasonably expected to be paid for service rendered to the benefit information date, best represented by vested benefits, nonvested benefits expected to vest, and employees' history of pay and service (960-20-25-1 through 25-2).","Plan provisions govern attribution to the extent possible; if the benefit per year of service is not stated or clearly determinable, it accumulates ratably over years of service to full vesting (if includable in vested benefits) or to projected separation from covered employment (if not) (960-20-25-3 through 25-4; 960-20-55-3 through 55-5).","Accumulated plan benefits are based on pay and service as of the benefit information date; projected years of service are used only to determine expected eligibility for benefits (increased benefits, early retirement, death, disability), automatic plan-specified increases such as cost-of-living increases are recognized, benefits under insurance contracts excluded from plan assets are excluded, and plan amendments adopted after the benefit information date are not recognized (960-20-25-5).","An assumption of an ongoing plan underlies all other assumptions, and each significant assumption must reflect the best estimate of the plan's future experience for that individual assumption; assumed rates of return must be consistent with realistically achievable returns on plan assets and the plan's investment policy, inflation assumptions must be consistent with assumed returns, and plan-paid administrative expenses must be reflected either by adjusting assumed returns or by discounting those expenses (960-20-35-1).","As an acceptable alternative, assumptions inherent in the estimated cost of an insurance contract to provide participants their accumulated plan benefits may be used, with any other necessary assumptions selected under 960-20-35-1 (960-20-35-1A through 35-2).","Changes in actuarial assumptions to reflect changed expected experience are changes in estimates accounted for in the year of change (and future years), never by restating prior years or presenting pro forma amounts (960-20-35-4).","Disclosure must include accounting policies describing the method and significant assumptions (assumed rates of return, inflation rates, retirement ages), present employees' accumulated contributions and any interest rate credited, and the significant effects of plan amendments, changes in the nature of the plan, and changes in actuarial assumptions on the change in the actuarial present value of accumulated plan benefits (960-20-50-2, 50-3, 50-8)."],"categories":["Compensation and benefits","Subsequent measurement","Presentation","Disclosure"],"audience_level":"advanced","student_note":"Plan-level pension accounting is not the same as employer-level accounting under ASC 715: the plan measures accumulated plan benefits using pay and service as of the benefit information date (no projected salary increases), with future service used only to test eligibility for particular benefits. A common misunderstanding is assuming the plan's discount rate is a settlement/high-quality bond rate — here it is an expected rate of return consistent with the plan's assets and investment policy (or insurance-contract-based rates under the 960-20-35-1A alternative).","related_topics":["960-10","960-205","960-30","960-325","715","965"],"key_concepts":["accumulated plan benefits","actuarial present value","benefit information date","vested and nonvested benefits","benefit attribution","assumed rate of return","ongoing plan assumption","change in actuarial assumptions"],"provenance":{"source_url":"https://asc.fasb.org/","snapshot_version":"sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f","record_version":"sha256:8550274d089ff5dbcb46a191af85ae4756dcc2afbe8d35cb69cfe0e245d2e5fc","downloaded_from":"2026-09-10T02:22:37.329Z","last_downloaded_at":"2026-09-10T02:23:03.876Z","date_scope":"source_page_range","effective_as_of":null,"effective_as_of_status":"Not 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