# ASC 815-10: Derivatives and Hedging — Overall Source: FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Basic View [Read online](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/) Study and research edition. Verify current requirements with the official source. Summaries, enrichment, and tags are machine-generated study aids. Paragraph html preserves source markup; snippet is abbreviated. Pending content is not necessarily effective. Tables and mathematical or amendment markup are retained as HTML where Markdown would lose structure. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:51.547Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z Record version: sha256:57816aad9a5e88fb430f8a3fc4ddf8742f83780ea0007056b82b280d0ecbfc39 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10: Derivatives and Hedging — Overall ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "ASC 815-10 is the Overall subtopic of the derivatives and hedging Topic: it defines what a derivative instrument is, sets the scope (including a long list of scope exceptions), and requires that derivatives be recognized as assets or liabilities on the statement of financial position and measured at fair value. A contract is a derivative only if it has (1) one or more underlyings and one or more notional amounts or payment provisions, (2) no or a smaller-than-usual initial net investment, and (3) the ability to be settled net (815-10-15-83). If conditions are met, an entity may elect to designate a derivative as a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge, or hedge of foreign currency exposure (including a net investment in a foreign operation).", "key_points": [ "A derivative instrument must have all three characteristics: (1) one or more underlyings plus one or more notional amounts or payment provisions, (2) no initial net investment or one smaller than for other contracts with a similar response to market factors, and (3) net settlement by contract terms, by a means outside the contract, or through delivery of an asset that leaves the recipient in a position not substantially different from net settlement (815-10-15-83).", "All derivatives, including embedded derivatives separated under 815-15-25-1, must be recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value; hedge designation (fair value hedge, cash flow hedge, or foreign currency/net investment hedge) is elective and only for qualifying items with an expectation of effective offset (815-10-05-4; 815-10-10-1).", "Scope exceptions in 815-10-15-13 remove specified contracts even if the derivative definition is met: regular-way security trades, normal purchases and normal sales, certain insurance contracts and market risk benefits, certain financial guarantees, certain non-exchange-traded contracts, derivatives that impede sales accounting, investments in life insurance, certain investment contracts, certain loan commitments, certain IO/PO strips, certain contracts in an entity's own equity, leases, residual value guarantees, registration payment arrangements, and certain fixed-odds wagering contracts.", "The normal purchases and normal sales exception requires normal terms and quantity, an underlying in any price adjustment that is clearly and closely related to the asset bought or sold, probable physical (not net) settlement at inception and throughout the term, and contemporaneous documentation; failure to document precludes the exception, and once elected it cannot be revoked (815-10-15-22 through 15-51, 15-37 through 15-39).", "Freestanding options attached to debt by a third party or transferable independent of the debt are attached freestanding derivatives, not embedded derivatives, because an embedded derivative refers to provisions in a single contract between the same counterparties (815-10-15-5 through 15-7).", "Two or more legally separate transactions must be viewed as a unit if entered into contemporaneously and in contemplation of one another, with the same counterparty (or through an intermediary), relating to the same risk, and with no substantive business purpose for separate structuring (815-10-15-9).", "Contracts indexed to the reporting entity's own stock and classified in stockholders' equity, share-based payment awards under Topic 718, contracts to enter into a business combination, and physically settled forward purchases of own shares under Topic 480 are not derivatives for the issuer, but the exceptions do not extend to counterparties or to instruments indexed in part to something other than the entity's own stock (815-10-15-74 through 15-75)." ], "categories": [ "Derivatives and hedging", "Financial instruments", "Recognition", "Fair value" ], "audience_level": "advanced", "student_note": "This is the gateway analysis for every derivative question: first test the three-part definition in 815-10-15-83, then run the scope exceptions in 815-10-15-13 before considering hedge accounting. Students commonly assume that meeting the derivative definition automatically means fair value accounting through earnings, forgetting the exceptions (e.g., normal purchases and normal sales, own-equity contracts, leases) and that hedge designation is elective, not automatic.", "related_topics": [ "815-15", "815-20", "815-25", "815-30", "815-40", "480-10" ], "key_concepts": [ "derivative instrument definition", "underlying", "notional amount", "net settlement", "initial net investment", "normal purchases and normal sales", "scope exceptions", "hedge designation" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:51.547Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:51.547Z Record version: sha256:194aec6dac7970adf39d5918f5d5fc9644dc7ea1fd580224d0c45e670760372b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [815-10-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:51.547Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:51.547Z Record version: sha256:f05d771e7e4dce19f476385bf63956103e348b85b5ed911216274f01d8da0def Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
AcquirerAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0305/12/2025
Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit EntityAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
Benchmark Interest RateAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
Beneficial InterestsAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2022-0103/28/2022
BusinessAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-0101/05/2017
Corporate Joint VentureAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0508/23/2023
Credit RiskAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
Credit RiskAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0802/02/2010
Down Round FeatureAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1107/13/2017
Embedded Credit DerivativeAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-1103/05/2010
Environmental CreditAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Environmental Credit ObligationAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Equity RestructuringAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1107/13/2017
ExchangeAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Financial AssetAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Financial InstrumentAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2024-0203/29/2024
Financial Statements Are Available to Be IssuedAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0301/16/2014
Fully Benefit-Responsive Investment ContractAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-12 (Part I)07/31/2015
Hedged LayerAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2022-0103/28/2022
Income TaxesAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Interest Rate RiskAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
Joint VentureAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0508/23/2023
Loan CommitmentAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1306/16/2016
London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) Swap RateAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-1610/25/2018
London Interbank Offered Rate Swap RateSupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-1610/25/2018
Market Risk BenefitAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-1208/15/2018
Merger of Not-for-Profit EntitiesAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
Nonperformance RiskAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0301/16/2014
Nonreciprocal Transfer (1st def.)AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Other Comprehensive IncomeAddedMaintenance Update 2014-20 (PDF)09/29/2014
Readily Convertible to CashAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2024-0203/29/2024
Registration Payment ArrangementAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
Spot RateAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0603/14/2014
Standard Antidilution ProvisionsAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1107/13/2017
TransactionAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2024-0203/29/2024
Unconditional Purchase ObligationAddedMaintenance Update 2014-20 (PDF)09/29/2014
Variable Interest EntitySupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0305/12/2025
815-10-05-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-05-11AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
815-10-05-13AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
815-10-15-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-0404/25/2019
815-10-15-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
815-10-15-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-15-13AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-1208/15/2018
815-10-15-13AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-2012/21/2016
815-10-15-13AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
815-10-15-17AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
815-10-15-19AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
815-10-15-36AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1308/10/2015
815-10-15-45AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1308/10/2015
815-10-15-59AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-15-59AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
815-10-15-61SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-15-63AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
815-10-15-63AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1006/12/2015
815-10-15-68AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-12 (Part I)07/31/2015
815-10-15-74AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-15-74AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0508/23/2023
815-10-15-74AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0608/05/2020
815-10-15-74AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0706/20/2018
815-10-15-74AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
815-10-15-75AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-15-75AmendedMaintenance Update 2020-18 (PDF)11/25/2020
815-10-15-75AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1107/13/2017
815-10-15-77AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0608/05/2020
815-10-15-78AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0608/05/2020
815-10-15-79 through 15-81
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
815-10-15-82AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-2012/21/2016
815-10-15-82BAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
815-10-15-98AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-15-138AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-15-141AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-15-141AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0101/16/2020
815-10-15-142AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0101/16/2020
815-10-15-142AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-25-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-25-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
815-10-25-9AAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
815-10-25-9BAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
815-10-25-16AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-25-16BAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-25-17AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-25-18AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-30-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-30-6AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-35-1AAmendedMaintenance Update 2020-18 (PDF)11/25/2020
815-10-35-1AAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0303/07/2016
815-10-35-1A through 35-1C
AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0301/16/2014
815-10-35-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1306/16/2016
815-10-35-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-35-6AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0302/28/2018
815-10-35-6AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
815-10-40-3AmendedMaintenance Update 2014-07 (PDF)03/17/2014
815-10-45-4SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0907/16/2018
815-10-45-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0907/16/2018
815-10-45-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0706/20/2018
815-10-50-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
815-10-50-1B through 50-4
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
815-10-50-1BAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0303/07/2016
815-10-50-3AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0301/16/2014
815-10-50-4AAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2024-0311/04/2024
815-10-50-4AAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-4AAmendedMaintenance Update 2014-20 (PDF)09/29/2014
815-10-50-4B through 50-4EEE
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
815-10-50-4CAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-4CCAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-4CCCAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-4D through 50-4E
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-4EEAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-0404/25/2019
815-10-50-4EE through 50-4EEEEAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-4EEEAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2022-0103/28/2022
815-10-50-4FAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
815-10-50-4FAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-4GAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
815-10-50-4GAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1408/18/2016
815-10-50-4IAmendedMaintenance Update 2016-11 (PDF)06/27/2016
815-10-50-4KAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
815-10-50-4KAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-1103/05/2010
815-10-50-4LAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
815-10-50-5AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-5BAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2022-0103/28/2022
815-10-50-5BAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-50-5CAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
815-10-50-5CAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2022-0103/28/2022
815-10-50-6AmendedMaintenance Update 2014-20 (PDF)09/29/2014
815-10-50-7AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2013-0101/31/2013
815-10-50-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
815-10-50-8AAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0608/05/2020
815-10-50-8BAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0608/05/2020
815-10-50-8CAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0610/09/2023
815-10-55-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-55-22AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
815-10-55-43AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-55-43AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0706/20/2018
815-10-55-44SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-55-46 through 55-48
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0706/20/2018
815-10-55-48AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0706/20/2018
815-10-55-49 through 55-53
SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0706/20/2018
815-10-55-60AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
815-10-55-62AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0905/28/2014
815-10-55-136AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-55-137AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-55-143A through 55-143S
AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
815-10-55-144AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0603/14/2014
815-10-55-181AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2022-0103/28/2022
815-10-55-181AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-55-182AmendedMaintenance Update 2021-09 (PDF)08/20/2021
815-10-55-182AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1208/28/2017
815-10-55-182AmendedMaintenance Update 2016-11 (PDF)06/27/2016
815-10-55-184AmendedMaintenance Update 2016-11 (PDF)06/27/2016
815-10-65-5AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-1103/05/2010
815-10-65-6AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0303/07/2016
815-10-65-6AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0301/16/2014
815-10-65-7AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1308/10/2015
815-10-65-8AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0709/29/2025
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:9bf781065e68b5dc6a4b0055a4161f42c0b8a30ce4ab6b22918a905f00928289 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [815-10-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:13164dc24cd43bd0be0703e242c8aa69d652602cffeb78b1698d72c1dec139b5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The Derivatives and Hedging Topic includes the following Subtopics: 1. a Overall 2. b Embedded Derivatives 3. c Hedging—General 4. d Fair Value Hedges 5. e Cash Flow Hedges 6. f Net Investment Hedges 7. g Contracts in Entity's Own Equity 8. h Weather Derivatives. ##### [815-10-05-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:b3c78ecab63b5550f09d6b75d14bf169a919a654667b75f28b849dcec2d1af96 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The first six Subtopics address the accounting for [derivative instruments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument."), including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and hedging activities. The last two Subtopics provide guidance on accounting for contracts that have characteristics of derivative instruments but that are not accounted for as derivative instruments under this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-05-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:30aa2ae03923121dac805e0c1786ef59b8349db94ebd0053702bb5764d1f9a59 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic is presented in the following two Subsections: 1. a General 2. b Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities. ##### [815-10-05-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:cb873201e3f9b041c215e339a00541db271f4288fe9151e5aff24db40431942f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Topic requires that an entity recognize derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, as assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position and measure them at [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date."). If certain conditions are met, an entity may elect, under this Topic, to designate a derivative instrument in any one of the following ways: 1. a A hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability, or of an unrecognized [firm commitment](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#firm-commitment "An agreement with an unrelated party, binding on both parties and usually legally enforceable, with the following characteristics:The agreement specifies all significant terms, including the quantity to be exchanged, the fixed price, and the timing of the transaction. The fixed price may be expressed as a specified amount of an entity's functional currency or of a foreign currency. It may also be expressed as a specified interest rate or specified effective yield. The binding provisions of an agreement are regarded to include those legal rights and obligations codified in the laws to which such an agreement is subject. A price that varies with the market price of the item that is the subject of the firm commitment cannot qualify as a fixed price. For example, a price that is specified in terms of ounces of gold would not be a fixed price if the market price of the item to be purchased or sold under the firm commitment varied with the price of gold. The agreement includes a disincentive for nonperformance that is sufficiently large to make performance probable. In the legal jurisdiction that governs the agreement, the existence of statutory rights to pursue remedies for default equivalent to the damages suffered by the nondefaulting party, in and of itself, represents a sufficiently large disincentive for nonperformance to make performance probable for purposes of applying the definition of a firm commitment."), that are attributable to a particular risk (referred to as a [fair value hedge](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value-hedge "A hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability, or of an unrecognized firm commitment, that are attributable to a particular risk.")) 2. b A hedge of the exposure to variability in the cash flows of a recognized asset or liability, or of a [forecasted transaction](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#forecasted-transaction "A transaction that is expected to occur for which there is no firm commitment. Because no transaction or event has yet occurred and the transaction or event when it occurs will be at the prevailing market price, a forecasted transaction does not give an entity any present rights to future benefits or a present obligation for future sacrifices."), that is attributable to a particular risk (referred to as a [cash flow hedge](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#cash-flow-hedge "A hedge of the exposure to variability in the cash flows of a recognized asset or liability, or of a forecasted transaction, that is attributable to a particular risk.")) 3. c A hedge of the foreign currency exposure of any one of the following: 1. 1 An unrecognized firm commitment (a foreign currency fair value hedge) 2. 2 An available-for-sale debt security (a foreign currency fair value hedge) 3. 3 A forecasted transaction (a foreign currency cash flow hedge) 4. 4 A net investment in a foreign operation. ##### [815-10-05-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:477fbefc05873f58e4efe0ed53a9a30404fdc447041f07b554ac9072b1b80b89 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An unrecognized firm commitment can be viewed as an executory contract that represents both a right and an obligation. If a previously unrecognized firm commitment that is designated as a hedged item is accounted for in accordance with this Topic, an asset or a liability is recognized and reported in the statement of financial position related to the recognition of the gain or loss on the firm commitment. Consequently, subsequent references to an asset or a liability in this Topic include a firm commitment. ##### [815-10-05-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:3bab8265323c1a5be68dc0886f7b51c70669b50e3ac104e004c0c00c3076ebc6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Topic generally provides for matching the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of either of the following: 1. a The changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk 2. b The earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transaction. ##### [815-10-05-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:b1ba7fae686e267e071a9ff686833686079c229e68a0b2e9143750283dd21bce Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic defines derivative instrument, addresses the pervasive scope of this Topic, and specifies the primary accounting for derivative instruments within this Topic's scope. #### Synthetic Guaranteed Investment Contracts ##### [815-10-05-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:fbfc2da176e239dc4f84ab1171849f4192776e9583c18ebbcebae67ad910b45d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following is a background discussion of synthetic guaranteed investment contracts, including a comparison with traditional and benefit-response guaranteed investment contracts. Paragraph [815-10-55-63](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-63) states that, from the perspective of the issuer of the contract, synthetic guaranteed investment contracts are derivative instruments within the scope of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-05-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:4a908da1b90f5b379ea734ee6810f2597d6170e1815fd644be8bc648a9a18b6c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In a traditional guaranteed investment contract, the issuer of the contract takes deposits from a benefit plan or other institutional customer and purchases investments that are held in its general account. (Equity investments may also be acquired, although they are less common than fixed income investments.) The customer is a creditor of the issuing entity and therefore has [credit risk](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#credit-risk "For purposes of a hedged item in a fair value hedge, credit risk is the risk of changes in the hedged item's fair value attributable to both of the following: Changes in the obligor's creditworthiness Changes in the spread over the benchmark interest ratewith respect to the hedged item's credit sector at inception of the hedge. For purposes of a hedged transaction in a cash flow hedge, credit risk is the risk of changes in the hedged transaction's cash flows attributable to all of the following: Default Changes in the obligor's creditworthiness Changes in the spread over the contractually specified interest rate or the benchmark interest rate with respect to the related financial asset's or liability's credit sector at inception of the hedge."), although generally the guaranteed investment contract issuers have a high credit-quality rating. The issuer is contractually obligated to repay the principal and specified interest guaranteed to the customer. The plan's provisions typically permit the participant to withdraw funds from the fund at book value (also referred to as account or contract value) for specified reasons, such as loans, hardship withdrawals, and transfers to other investment options offered by the plan. ##### [815-10-05-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:de368a3ce24bf7d203c7fd7a4889e18ae947deddb2a2c1e0bdadb5fd422833f1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A benefit-responsive guaranteed investment contract contains provisions that mirror the plan's participant-directed withdrawal or transfer provisions. Therefore, the issuer is at risk that interest rates could increase, reducing the price of the fixed-income investments backing the guaranteed investment contract liability, while those investments may have to be sold at a loss to cover withdrawals. ##### [815-10-05-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:46acd6791f00be47f517af8e78ad3e7372efbf243482783aeba0e07fa43edf58 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A synthetic guaranteed investment contract is a contract that simulates the performance of a traditional guaranteed investment contract through the use of [financial instruments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#financial-instrument "Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. All contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments meet the definition of asset (liability) set forth in FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, although some may not be recognized as assets (liabilities) in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity. (P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. Some contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments may not be recognized in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity."). As with other types of guaranteed investment contracts, the specific terms and conditions of synthetic guaranteed investment contracts are negotiated on a case-by-case basis. However, those contracts fall into several broad structural categories, as follows: 1. a Buy-and-hold. Typically, a buy-and-hold synthetic contract covers a limited class of assets, usually high-quality bonds expected to be held to maturity. There is no stated rate guarantee; instead, the interest rate is reset periodically as specified in the contract, subject to a specified floor—for example, 3 percent or 0 percent. The term of the contract generally is consistent with the maturity of the underlying assets. Although buy-and-hold contracts are structured to permit participant withdrawals and transfers at book value, generally no withdrawals are expected. The arrangements between the benefit plan or other institutional investor and the wrap provider typically contain provisions outlining operating and investing guidelines for the customer. These guidelines are designed to ensure the availability of other sources of liquidity sufficient to satisfy expected levels of net participant-directed withdrawals and transfers, without the need to access the assets wrapped by the synthetic guaranteed investment contract. While participants can make withdrawals or transfers at book value, in most cases, the customer can terminate the contract at the value of the assets at any time, but it can withdraw at contract value only at maturity or earlier with a specified notification period. 2. b Actively managed. With an actively managed synthetic guaranteed investment contract, the assets often are managed by an outside investment manager, but may be managed by the insurer. Generally, the contract is evergreen—that is, there is no specified maturity date—and there is no stated rate guarantee; instead, the interest rate is reset periodically as specified in the contract, subject to a specified floor, frequently zero percent and typically not less than zero percent. Participant-directed withdrawals and transfers are made at book value, with future interest returns adjusted to recognize the difference between the fair value and book value of the remaining assets covered by the synthetic guaranteed investment contract, but typically not below a zero interest rate. Customer-initiated withdrawal provisions are similar to those for buy-and-hold guaranteed investment contracts. 3. c Fixed-rate, fixed-maturity. This contract is essentially the same as a traditional general account guaranteed investment contract. The synthetic guaranteed investment contract issuer guarantees a fixed rate for a fixed and certain term and assumes the investment risks and rewards of the assets. If the assets earn less than the guaranteed return, the insurance entity absorbs the loss. If the assets earn more than was assumed in pricing, the income recognized by the insurer will be greater than the wrap fee assumed in the pricing. Typically, the insurer also will be the investment manager because of the assumption of investment risk. Note that participant-initiated withdrawals and transfers of fixed-rate, fixed-maturity contracts are permitted at book value but are expected to occur infrequently. Withdrawals initiated by the customer generally are permitted only at the value of the assets and the guarantee is not activated. ##### [815-10-05-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:a61b7c4de4a7456a9835125defc3ea5357f38c5bb93966a872ae54a48e889f25 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A key difference between a synthetic guaranteed investment contract and a traditional guaranteed investment contract is that the policyholder (such as a benefit plan or other institutional customer) owns the assets underlying the synthetic guaranteed investment contract. (With a traditional guaranteed investment contract, the policyholder owns only the contract itself that provides the plan with a call on the contract issuer's assets in the event of default.) Those assets may be held in a trust owned by the policyholder and typically consist of government securities, private and public mortgage-backed securities, and other asset-backed securities, and investment grade corporate obligations. To enable the policyholder to realize a specific known value for the assets if it needs to liquidate them, synthetic guaranteed investment contract utilize a wrapper contract that provides market and cash flow risk protection to the policyholder. This wrapper or guarantee may be provided in a variety of structures. In one structure, the issuer provides cash advances to fund the policyholder's cash withdrawal requirements if the invested asset values have decreased. ##### [815-10-05-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:98567bda3c45dc78861515a22e54fd6b3199e20a02d0c539469534da36bdbc9e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Other structures include: 1. a A swap agreement whereby the synthetic guaranteed investment contract issuer exchanges a fixed return for the value of supporting assets, if needed for benefit payments 2. b An agreement by the issuer to buy assets at book value if a sale is needed to make benefit payments 3. c A payment upon termination of the contract equal to the difference between a hypothetical book value of plan assets and their value. (Provisions of benefit-responsive traditional guaranteed investment contracts and synthetic guaranteed investment contracts generally prohibit the benefit plan and its sponsor from taking any actions that would encourage participant withdrawals and transfers.) ##### [815-10-05-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:a0878cb533cfd26948e0210a7a4cd5be572f88effee5df88954b8a8db01787d1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Synthetic guaranteed investment contracts can be viewed as the issuer selling a put option to the policyholder. For many synthetic guaranteed investment contracts, the option premium is in the form of a fee charged on the outstanding contract book value. For some forms of synthetic guaranteed investment contracts, the option premium for the put option is not explicitly stated but, instead, is embedded in the determination of the investment return guaranteed to the policyholder. ##### [815-10-05-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:b632122ffa4c72edb762eed471ee4eca876bf263c8320acbe35124afe21b7474 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In any of the structures, various methods can be used to limit the synthetic guaranteed investment contract issuer's exposure to net payments under the contract. In the current marketplace, most synthetic guaranteed investment contracts pass many of the asset- and cash-flow-related risks to the policyholder. Structures to limit such risk include the following: 1. a Reset of the crediting rate or maturity date. Cash flow volatility (for example, timing of benefit payments) as well as asset underperformance can be passed through to the policyholder through adjustments to future contract crediting rates and/or contract maturities. Formulas are typically provided in the contract that adjust renewal crediting rates to recognize the difference between the fair value and book value of remaining assets in the segregated portfolio. 2. b Exclusion of impaired securities. Impaired securities may also be excluded directly from book value guarantees. 3. c Investment guidelines. Carefully structured investment policy can limit significantly the cash volatility of assets in the segregated portfolio (for example, limit callable securities, mortgage backed securities, and so forth). 4. d Buffer funds. Cash and cash equivalents are maintained and are accessed first to fund benefit payments and thus limit the potential for synthetic guaranteed investment contract issuer's assets to be accessed to make benefit payments. 5. e Liquidation structure of pension plan. Pro rata or tiered structures dictate the order of accessing various plan assets, including synthetic guaranteed investment contract assets, for benefit payments. ### Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities ##### [815-10-05-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:53.845Z Record version: sha256:1e80a0bda05eee69a974a1b2ac1da3f2225f4bd5dba42d1b416371855c51d7e6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities Subsections provide guidance on certain contracts on debt and equity securities. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:56.221Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:56.221Z Record version: sha256:cc10d5e064265fdaeee2b71b9bbce7eeee2f7295e9e4733a809cb97e59681d4c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-10: 10 Objectives [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#10-objectives) SEC content: no ##### [815-10-10-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-10-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:34:56.221Z to 2026-09-10T01:34:56.221Z Record version: sha256:157fc9deb10285c321661bcf8ce6c483ffa4354938738c5a378d7f7d7ff2ce53 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Four fundamental decisions serve as cornerstones underlying the guidance in this Topic: 1. a [Derivative instruments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument.") represent rights or obligations that meet the definitions of assets or liabilities and should be reported in financial statements. 2. b [Fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.") is the most relevant measure for [financial instruments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#financial-instrument "Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. All contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments meet the definition of asset (liability) set forth in FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, although some may not be recognized as assets (liabilities) in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity. (P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. Some contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments may not be recognized in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity.") and the only relevant measure for derivative instruments. Derivative instruments should be measured at fair value, and adjustments to the carrying amount of hedged items should reflect changes in their fair value (that is, gains or losses) that are attributable to the risk being hedged and that arise while the hedge is in effect. 3. c Only items that are assets or liabilities should be reported as such in financial statements. 4. d Special accounting for items designated as being hedged should be provided only for qualifying items. One aspect of qualification should be an assessment of the expectation of effective offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows during the term of the hedge for the risk being hedged. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:1072165722282a3f13108dec7150d2f76cccfa2f8d3774b3d2d1e13dd7f5eac8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Entities ##### [815-10-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:3e374449f86d1e1e5fc43c493aff3806da9cbbfdf2e95236518b1d29fddb58cb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic applies to all entities. Some entities, such as not-for-profit entities (NFPs) and defined benefit pension plans, do not report earnings as a separate caption in a statement of financial performance. The application of this Subtopic to those entities is set forth in paragraphs [815-10-35-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-3), [815-20-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-15-1), [815-25-35-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/25/#815-25-35-19), and [815-30-15-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/30/#815-30-15-3). #### Instruments ##### [815-10-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:dd897fc733f6e246b359e1c20c78edc935e012b540e81953391055b5b0653c20 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The scope of this Subtopic relates primarily to whether a contract meets the definition of a [derivative instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument.") (see paragraph [815-10-15-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83)). However, as discussed in this Subsection, some contracts that meet the definition of derivative instrument are not within the scope of this Subtopic, while other contracts that do not meet the definition of derivative instrument are within the scope of this Subtopic. Some of the disclosure requirements in Section 815-10-50 apply to nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66). ##### [815-10-15-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:3703e7affd69d1fb0c048e2779318a274cc8aed30284469c0168a49f63e655bc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If events occur after the inception or acquisition of a contract that cause the contract to meet the definition of a derivative instrument, then that contract shall be accounted for at that later date as a derivative instrument under this Subtopic unless one of the scope exceptions in this Subsection applies. ##### [815-10-15-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:4959ee477573ccc224a089bfd61e5778b48a1070657d1675095910b7d7a730ea Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a contract meets the definition of both a derivative instrument and a [firm commitment](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#firm-commitment "An agreement with an unrelated party, binding on both parties and usually legally enforceable, with the following characteristics:The agreement specifies all significant terms, including the quantity to be exchanged, the fixed price, and the timing of the transaction. The fixed price may be expressed as a specified amount of an entity's functional currency or of a foreign currency. It may also be expressed as a specified interest rate or specified effective yield. The binding provisions of an agreement are regarded to include those legal rights and obligations codified in the laws to which such an agreement is subject. A price that varies with the market price of the item that is the subject of the firm commitment cannot qualify as a fixed price. For example, a price that is specified in terms of ounces of gold would not be a fixed price if the market price of the item to be purchased or sold under the firm commitment varied with the price of gold. The agreement includes a disincentive for nonperformance that is sufficiently large to make performance probable. In the legal jurisdiction that governs the agreement, the existence of statutory rights to pursue remedies for default equivalent to the damages suffered by the nondefaulting party, in and of itself, represents a sufficiently large disincentive for nonperformance to make performance probable for purposes of applying the definition of a firm commitment.") under this Subtopic, then an entity shall account for the contract as a derivative instrument unless one of the scope exceptions in this Subsection applies. ##### [815-10-15-4A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-4A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:e704c8f2e7b93f3bb5825b0c0d1e0e91afc2fb5f3e7c7cc530dbfae64d2d96c6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section addresses the following unit of accounting questions on scope: 1. a Viewing a contract as freestanding or embedded. Whether a feature should be viewed as freestanding or embedded in determining the scope application of this Subtopic and Subtopic 815-15 is addressed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-5). 2. b Viewing two or more contracts as a unit in applying the scope of this Subtopic. Whether two or more legally separate transactions should be viewed as a unit in determining the scope application of this Subtopic is addressed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-8). ##### [815-10-15-4B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-4B) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:a74d8fc79fc59da694fadaa4d0ba840adc81d10c9d18a3d4c337a459e4b4fc28 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-10-25-5A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-5A) explains that Section 815-10-25 addresses the following unit of accounting questions with respect to recognition: 1. a Viewing two freestanding derivative instruments as a unit. Whether two or more contracts that are derivative instruments within the scope application of this Subtopic should be viewed as a unit for recognition and other purposes—including for hedge accounting purposes—is addressed beginning in paragraph [815-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-6). 2. b Viewing combinations of options as separate options or as a single forward contract. Whether combinations of options that individually are within the scope application of this Subtopic or Subtopic 815-15 should be viewed as separate options or as a single forward is addressed beginning in paragraph [815-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-7). ##### [815-10-15-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:c51c52e5f580d4f73c3317dd51e3dad49c66c9043a5e6e756a539f9a5861fb6e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The notion of an [embedded derivative](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#embedded-derivative "Implicit or explicit terms that affect some or all of the cash flows or the value of other exchanges required by a contract in a manner similar to a derivative instrument."), as discussed in paragraph [815-15-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1), does not contemplate features that may be sold or traded separately from the contract in which those rights and obligations are embedded. Assuming they meet this Subtopic's definition of a derivative instrument, such features shall be considered attached [freestanding](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#freestanding-contract "A freestanding contract is entered into either: Separate and apart from any of the entity's other financial instruments or equity transactions In conjunction with some other transaction and is legally detachable and separately exercisable.") derivative instruments rather than embedded derivatives by both the writer and the current holder. ##### [815-10-15-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:233ccce8b14ca7eb6400acb900b29ce29abc655c53bebb76e2fe8fb3f9f75ad6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A put or call option that is added or attached to a debt instrument by a third party contemporaneously with or after the issuance of the debt instrument shall be separately accounted for as a derivative instrument under this Subtopic by the investor (that is, by the creditor). An option that is added or attached to an existing debt instrument by another party results in the investor having different counterparties for the option and the debt instrument and, thus, the option shall not be considered an embedded derivative. Paragraph [815-15-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-2) states that notion of an embedded derivative in a hybrid instrument refers to provisions incorporated into a single contract, and not to provisions in separate contracts between different counterparties. ##### [815-10-15-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:e883bd311264b504f2865f4263868191af46e16fa6db3f17c591682c2c7090eb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a debt instrument includes in its terms at issuance an option feature that is explicitly transferable independent of the debt instrument and thus is potentially exercisable by a party other than either the issuer of the debt instrument (the debtor) or the holder of the debt instrument (the investor), that option shall be considered under this Subtopic as an attached freestanding derivative instrument, rather than an embedded derivative, by both the writer and the holder of the option. ##### [815-10-15-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:839e45670bd452c97e7f14d3997ade6b695c8db43f9c306664ef84a1cf7bf46b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In some circumstances, an entity could enter into two or more legally separate transactions that, if combined, would generate a result that is economically similar to entering into a single [transaction](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#transaction "An external event involving transfer of something of value (future economic benefit) between two (or more) entities. (See FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements.)(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9An external event involving transfer of something of value (future economic benefit) between two (or more) entities.") that would be accounted for as a derivative instrument under this Subtopic. For guidance on circumstances in which two or more contracts that have been determined to be derivative instruments within the scope of this Subtopic must be viewed as a unit, see the guidance beginning in paragraph [815-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-6). For guidance on circumstances in which two or more contracts that have been determined to be options within the scope of this Subtopic must be viewed in combination, see the guidance beginning in paragraph [815-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-7). ##### [815-10-15-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:744e2c94ff98ccde33da17abd160c67fa605d0c4eefb822baeac14dd642fcaad Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If two or more separate transactions may have been entered into in an attempt to circumvent the provisions of this Subtopic, the following indicators shall be considered in the aggregate and, if present, shall cause the transactions to be viewed as a unit and not separately: 1. a The transactions were entered into contemporaneously and in contemplation of one another. 2. b The transactions were executed with the same counterparty (or structured through an intermediary). 3. c The transactions relate to the same risk. 4. d There is no apparent economic need or substantive business purpose for structuring the transactions separately that could not also have been accomplished in a single transaction. ##### [815-10-15-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-10) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:1402e6f3811ed9bd790c5a936c95959bb7663fa6db75f474ced7b910a16a6836 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in the General Subsections of this Subtopic applies to all derivative instruments, as that term is defined in paragraph [815-10-15-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83), unless explicitly excluded by this Subsection (see paragraphs [815-10-15-13 through 15-82](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) ). The General Subsections of this Subtopic also identify incremental guidance that applies specifically to [forward commitment dollar rolls](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#forward-commitment-dollar-roll "See Government National Mortgage Association Rolls."). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)
Editor's Note: The content of paragraph 815-10-15-10 will change upon transition, together with a change in the heading noted below.
•> Instruments within Scope
The guidance in the General Subsections of this Subtopic applies to all derivative instruments, as that term is defined in paragraph [815-10-15-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83), unless explicitly excluded by this Subsection (see paragraphs [815-10-15-13 through 15-60](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) and [815-10-15-62 through 15-82](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-62) ). The General Subsections of this Subtopic also identify incremental guidance that applies specifically to [forward commitment dollar rolls](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#forward-commitment-dollar-roll "See Government National Mortgage Association Rolls."). ##### [815-10-15-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:8379ee2c2b1b9e3413e82c5975d80d3e463027b13d32a582f70744ba5bbba4e3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The holder of an interest in securitized financial assets (other than those identified in paragraphs [815-10-15-72 through 15-73](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-72) ) shall determine whether the interest is a freestanding derivative instrument or contains an embedded derivative that under Section 815-15-25 would be required to be separated from the host contract and accounted for separately. ##### [815-10-15-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:4bbc8abdd4b1322a63d5485d4dc0d4deaf070c56da8e149bc81fed64838bce92 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A forward commitment dollar roll that does not meet the definition of a derivative instrument is within the scope of the guidance specified for such contracts in this Subtopic (see paragraphs [815-10-25-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-15), [815-10-30-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-30-4), and [815-10-35-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-4)). ##### [815-10-15-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:bae8bff781c9ea3ec4546207fab143ffae53fb267b1a5d2f67aa182634d8a85a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Notwithstanding the conditions in paragraphs [815-10-15-83 through 15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) , the following contracts are not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic if specified criteria are met: 1. a Regular-way security trades 2. b Normal purchases and normal sales 3. c Certain insurance contracts and [market risk benefits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/m/#market-risk-benefit "A contract or contract feature in a long-duration contract issued by an insurance entity that both protects the contract holder from other-than-nominal capital market risk and exposes the insurance entity to other-than-nominal capital market risk.") 4. d Certain financial guarantee contracts 5. e Certain contracts that are not traded on an exchange 6. f Derivative instruments that impede sales accounting 7. g Investments in life insurance 8. h Certain investment contracts 9. i Certain loan commitments 10. j Certain interest-only strips and principal-only strips 11. k Certain contracts involving an entity's own equity 12. l Leases 13. m Residual value guarantees 14. n [Registration payment arrangements](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#registration-payment-arrangement "An arrangement with both of the following characteristics: It specifies that the issuer will endeavor to do either of the following: File a registration statement for the resale of specified financial instruments and/or for the resale of equity shares that are issuable upon exercise or conversion of specified financial instruments and for that registration statement to be declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (or other applicable securities regulator if the registration statement will be filed in a foreign jurisdiction) within a specified grace period Maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement for a specified period of time (or in perpetuity). It requires the issuer to transfer consideration to the counterparty if the registration statement for the resale of the financial instrument or instruments subject to the arrangement is not declared effective or if effectiveness of the registration statement is not maintained. That consideration may be payable in a lump sum or it may be payable periodically, and the form of the consideration may vary. For example, the consideration may be in the form of cash, equity instruments, or adjustments to the terms of the financial instrument or instruments that are subject to the registration payment arrangement (such as an increased interest rate on a debt instrument).") 15. o Certain fixed-odds wagering contracts. ##### [815-10-15-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:1de54ac5911e793f7fe53113e195af991ca89fb2120e3ba646340104d7f7ed62 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following are the criteria that must be met for each scope exception. ##### [815-10-15-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:1eef08e4544b4227b112296bb31f1b16aa032b21f7c58b66d9ca206b61532b7a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Regular-way security trades](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#regular-way-security-trades "Regular-way security trades are contracts that provide for delivery of a security within the period of time (after the trade date) generally established by regulations or conventions in the marketplace or exchange in which the transaction is being executed.") are defined as contracts that provide for delivery of a security within the period of time (after the trade date) generally established by regulations or conventions in the marketplace or exchange in which the transaction is being executed. For example, a contract to purchase or sell a publicly traded equity security in the United States customarily requires settlement within three business days. If a contract for purchase of that type of security requires settlement in three business days, the regular-way security trades scope exception applies, but if the contract requires settlement in five days, the regular-way security trades scope exception does not apply unless the reporting entity is required to account for the contract on a trade-date basis. ##### [815-10-15-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:bd04b290f1a2c441cf1f43fdcc3026d0c305ab14d8c9e136d2ebffd231eb5536 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Except as provided in (a) in the following paragraph, a contract for an existing security does not qualify for the regular-way security trades scope exception if either of the following is true: 1. a It requires or permits net settlement (as discussed in paragraphs [815-10-15-100 through 15-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) ). 2. b A market mechanism exists to facilitate net settlement of that contract (as discussed in paragraphs [815-10-15-110 through 15-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) ). ##### [815-10-15-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:4a2d50378b665fd683af1570a2456719abcde0bdbf643ac8880302c2cc652b08 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The scope exception for regular-way security trades applies only to a contract that requires delivery of securities that are [readily convertible to cash](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#readily-convertible-to-cash "Assets that are readily convertible to cash have both of the following: Interchangeable (fungible) units Quoted prices available in an active market that can rapidly absorb the quantity held by the entity without significantly affecting the price. (Based on paragraph 83(a) of FASB Concepts Statement No. 5, Recognition and Measurement in Financial Statements of Business Enterprises.)(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9Assets that are readily convertible to cash have both of the following: Interchangeable (fungible) units Quoted prices available in an active market that can rapidly absorb the quantity held by the entity without significantly affecting the price.") except that the scope exception also shall or may apply in any of the following circumstances: 1. a If an entity is required, or has a continuing policy, to account for a contract to purchase or sell an existing security on a trade-date basis, rather than a settlement-date basis, and thus recognizes the acquisition (or disposition) of the security at the inception of the contract, then the entity shall apply the regular-way security trades scope exception to that contract. 2. b If an entity is required, or has a continuing policy, to account for a contract for the purchase or sale of when-issued securities or other securities that do not yet exist on a trade-date basis, rather than a settlement-date basis, and thus recognizes the acquisition or disposition of the securities at the inception of the contract, that entity shall apply the regular-way security trades scope exception to those contracts. 3. c Contracts for the purchase or sale of when-issued securities or other securities that do not yet exist, except for those contracts accounted for on a trade-date basis, are excluded from the requirements of this Subtopic as a regular-way security trade only if all of the following are true: 1. 1  There is no other way to purchase or sell that security. 2. 2 Delivery of that security and settlement will occur within the shortest period possible for that type of security. 3. 3 It is probable at inception and throughout the term of the individual contract that the contract will not settle net and will result in physical delivery of a security when it is issued. (The entity shall document the basis for concluding that it is probable that the contract will not settle net and will result in physical delivery.) Example 9 (see paragraph [815-10-55-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-118)) illustrates the application of item (c) in this paragraph. ##### [815-10-15-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:ee4495f881dfa00902e9ed8cfbcf25a162827245aea753707772be81f88008c0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Note that contracts that require delivery of securities that are not readily convertible to cash (and thus do not permit net settlement) are not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic unless there is a market mechanism outside the contract to facilitate net settlement (as described in paragraph [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110)). ##### [815-10-15-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-19) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:24b449a611d9c6ecb162b6471fb62430c1a471548719c5e4c79d26462a8deb8c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract for the purchase or sale of when-issued securities or other securities that do not yet exist is eligible to qualify for the regular-way security trades scope exception (as discussed in paragraph [815-10-15-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-17)) even though either of the following is true: 1. a That contract permits net settlement (as discussed in paragraphs [815-10-15-100 through 15-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) ). 2. b A market mechanism exists to facilitate net settlement of that contract (as discussed in paragraphs [815-10-15-110 through 15-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) ). See Example 9 (paragraph [815-10-55-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-118)). ##### [815-10-15-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-20) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:a55720521b2ab8fae268c904892d8b1f36e0eb7e4ff1de7069df2f0c0c67d917 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Net settlement (as described in paragraphs [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) and [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110)) of contracts in a group of contracts similarly designated as regular-way security trades would call into question the continued application of the scope exception to such contracts. ##### [815-10-15-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-21) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:7a0d040d384dd7e38cdc52b752362f54894c4677187c0816101082be354af708 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic does not change whether an entity recognizes regular-way security trades on the trade date or the settlement date. ##### [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:3dd21bf1b49b64ab254e2fd91661e1a335ede93eda850243acd4210f70e80e8a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Normal purchases and normal sales are contracts that provide for the purchase or sale of something other than a [financial instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#financial-instrument "Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. All contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments meet the definition of asset (liability) set forth in FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, although some may not be recognized as assets (liabilities) in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity. (P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. Some contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments may not be recognized in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity.") or derivative instrument that will be delivered in quantities expected to be used or sold by the reporting entity over a reasonable period in the normal course of business. ##### [815-10-15-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-23) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:91e320b4595848ad4207fe679d468ff66ccf5ceda0e05f02ed8d2ff1df247263 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The assessment of whether a contract qualifies for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception (including whether the [underlying](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/u/#underlying "A specified interest rate, security price, commodity price, foreign exchange rate, index of prices or rates, or other variable (including the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a specified event such as a scheduled payment under a contract). An underlying may be a price or rate of an asset or liability but is not the asset or liability itself. An underlying is a variable that, along with either a notional amount or a payment provision, determines the settlement of a derivative instrument.") of a price adjustment within the contract is not clearly and closely related to the asset being sold or purchased) shall be performed only at the inception of the contract. ##### [815-10-15-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-24) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:0fe1a8d4f1bda4e3b0a87e1a84dab8e7860da63c581397ab217151f4f29e6328 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The normal purchases and normal sales scope exception sometimes will result in different parties to a contract reaching different conclusions about whether the contract is required to be accounted for as a derivative instrument. For example, the contract may be for ordinary sales by one party but not for ordinary purchases by the counterparty. ##### [815-10-15-25](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-25) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:c24aa299a0246e2f367fbe5f472203294c79b8d18d3027400a414e5f276d9387 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Following are discussions of four important elements needed to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception: 1. a Normal terms (including normal quantity) 2. b Clearly and closely related underlying 3. c Probable physical settlement 4. d Documentation. ##### [815-10-15-26](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-26) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:87409c74c5a604809d908ec1f2011c585f8b3f0d83f858131ec958444f58ee13 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Also discussed is guidance that should be considered in determining whether each of the following specific types of contracts qualifies for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception: 1. a Freestanding option contracts 2. b Forward (non-option-based) contracts 3. c Forward contracts that contain optionality features 4. d Power purchase or sale agreements. ##### [815-10-15-27](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-27) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:66d11e12fe3564e05d1a4a19a1782b8914c25762f383e47af35d4f8c93db379a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. To qualify for the scope exception, a contract's terms must be consistent with the terms of an entity's normal purchases or normal sales, that is, the quantity purchased or sold must be reasonable in relation to the entity's business needs. Determining whether or not the terms are consistent requires judgment. ##### [815-10-15-28](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-28) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:eb3d72ac6e7332ea6568f7ce8760a0f2b594c70cadf8fdb54fda6476121e491c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In making those judgments, an entity should consider all relevant factors, including all of the following: 1. a The quantities provided under the contract and the entity's need for the related assets 2. b The locations to which delivery of the items will be made 3. c The period of time between entering into the contract and delivery 4. d The entity's prior practices with regard to such contracts. ##### [815-10-15-29](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-29) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:5189dd3c472b0b2dd37743c87ee58388e0057d58d63a54c0421ca9a67ae52d7b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Further, each of the following types of evidence should help in identifying contracts that qualify as normal purchases or normal sales: 1. a Past trends 2. b Expected future demand 3. c Other contracts for delivery of similar items 4. d An entity's and industry's customs for acquiring and storing the related commodities 5. e An entity's operating locations. For guidance on normal purchases and normal sales as hedged items, see paragraph [815-20-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-7). ##### [815-10-15-30](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-30) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:aa9c7b3a4ebf0591a8562d4b99722ee7318f0b56afa2bf0a0ec9a771a3aeca1f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Contracts that have a price based on an underlying that is not clearly and closely related to the asset being sold or purchased (such as a price in a contract for the sale of a grain commodity based in part on changes in the Standard and Poor's index) or that are denominated in a foreign currency that meets none of the criteria in paragraph [815-15-15-10(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-15-10) shall not be considered normal purchases and normal sales. ##### [815-10-15-31](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-31) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:b10a8b7c41c02b0a338b66a6b0e2299d1527fa8719ce5616028e1a50548f7f26 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The phrase _not clearly and closely related_ in the preceding paragraph with respect to the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception is used to convey a different meaning than in paragraphs [815-15-25-1(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1) and [815-15-25-16 through 25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-16) with respect to the relationship between an embedded derivative and the host contract in which it is embedded. The guidance in this discussion of normal purchases and normal sales does not affect the use of the phrase _not clearly and closely related_ in paragraphs other than the preceding paragraph. For purposes of determining whether a contract qualifies for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception, the application of the phrase _not clearly and closely related_ to the asset being sold or purchased shall involve an analysis of both qualitative and quantitative considerations. The analysis is specific to the contract being considered for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception and may include identification of the components of the asset being sold or purchased. ##### [815-10-15-32](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-32) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:e82218740bd2749abc1b11e33e8b8027afc42e598e6de850a9f2f524a014d72b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The underlying in a price adjustment incorporated into a contract that otherwise satisfies the requirements for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception shall be considered to be not clearly and closely related to the asset being sold or purchased in any of the following circumstances: 1. a The underlying is extraneous (that is, irrelevant and not pertinent) to both the changes in the cost and the changes in the [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.") of the asset being sold or purchased, including being extraneous to an ingredient or direct factor in the customary or specific production of that asset. 2. b If the underlying is not extraneous as discussed in (a), the magnitude and direction of the impact of the price adjustment are not consistent with the relevancy of the underlying. That is, the magnitude of the price adjustment based on the underlying is significantly disproportionate to the impact of the underlying on the fair value or cost of the asset being purchased or sold (or of an ingredient or direct factor, as appropriate). 3. c The underlying is a currency exchange rate involving a foreign currency that meets none of the criteria in paragraph [815-15-15-10(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-15-10) for that reporting entity. ##### [815-10-15-33](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-33) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:dab4ff8567ee3186a7294b73aeeefb52e8212f5fb0374ecc3020514d71243c69 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For example, in the case in which the price adjustment focuses on the changes in the fair value of the asset being purchased or sold, if the terms of the price adjustment are expected, at the inception of the contract, to affect the purchase or sales price in a manner comparable to the outcome that would be obtained if, at each delivery date, the parties were to reprice the contract amount under the then-existing conditions for the asset being delivered on that date, the price adjustment's underlying is considered to be clearly and closely related to the asset being sold or purchased and the price adjustment would not be an impediment to the contract qualifying for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception. ##### [815-10-15-34](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-34) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:0e85b93a42fb384ec8636cdc98ce58a30a9e8aae5ff953441ec8c211d3ee1ab3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the underlying in a price adjustment incorporated into a purchase or sales contract is not an impediment to qualifying for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception because it is considered to be clearly and closely related to the asset being sold or purchased, the contract must meet the other requirements in this Subsection to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception. ##### [815-10-15-35](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-35) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:fffc3944317f34107e5a70138d03d609e0f8dcb5794e76d9294b33507f6576e3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For a contract that meets the net settlement provisions of paragraphs [815-10-15-100 through 15-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) and the market mechanism provisions of paragraphs [815-10-15-110 through 15-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception, it must be probable at inception and throughout the term of the individual contract that the contract will not settle net and will result in physical delivery. ##### [815-10-15-36](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-36) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:34e2ec6574ae28d94d2b8d0acca0c93d0a17489ef23da98db42c7e0ce5d4ea68 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The normal purchases and normal sales scope exception only relates to a contract that results in gross delivery of the commodity under that contract. The normal purchases and normal sales scope exception shall not be applied to a contract that requires cash settlements of gains or losses or otherwise settle gains or losses periodically because those settlements are net settlements. Paragraph [815-20-25-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-22) explains how an entity may designate such a contract as a hedged item in an [all-in-one hedge](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#all-in-one-hedge "In an all-in-one hedge, a derivative instrument that will involve gross settlement is designated as the hedging instrument in a cash flow hedge of the variability of the consideration to be paid or received in the forecasted transaction that will occur upon gross settlement of the derivative instrument itself.") if all related criteria are met. ##### [815-10-15-36A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-36A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:40612c2675ace2540834d8a4f24021d3ea0fe7aeaff137b6b91aa3f5469df144 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Certain contracts for the purchase or sale of electricity on a forward basis that necessitate transmission through, or delivery to a location within, an electricity grid operated by an independent system operator result in one of the contracting parties incurring charges (or credits) for the transmission of that electricity based in part on locational marginal pricing differences payable to (or receivable from) the independent system operator. For example, this is the case when the delivery location under the contract (for example, a hub location) is not the same location as the point of ultimate consumption of the electricity or the point from which the electricity exits the electricity grid for transmission to a customer load zone. Delivery to the point of ultimate consumption or the exit point is facilitated by the independent system operator of the grid. The purchase or sale contract and the transmission services do not constitute a series of sequential contracts intended to accomplish the ultimate acquisition or sale of a commodity as discussed in paragraph [815-10-15-41](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-41), and the use of locational marginal pricing to determine the transmission charge (or credit) does not constitute net settlement, even in situations in which legal title to the associated electricity is conveyed to the independent system operator during transmission. ##### [815-10-15-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-37) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:b475bee05f8aef6348440804aff270704aae743a86bbcbe68701a953341615fd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For contracts that qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales exception under any provision of paragraphs [815-10-15-22 through 15-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22) , the entity shall document the designation of the contract as a normal purchase or normal sale, including either of the following: 1. a For contracts that qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales exception under paragraph [815-10-15-41](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-41) or [815-10-15-42 through 15-44](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-42) , the entity shall document the basis for concluding that it is probable that the contract will not settle net and will result in physical delivery. 2. b For contracts that qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales exception under paragraphs [815-10-15-45 through 15-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-45) , the entity shall document the basis for concluding that the agreement meets the criteria in that paragraph, including the basis for concluding that the agreement is a [capacity contract](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#capacity-contract "An agreement by an owner of capacity to sell the right to that capacity to another party so that it can satisfy its obligations. For example, in the electric industry, capacity (sometimes referred to as installed capacity) is the capability to deliver electric power to the electric transmission system of an operating control area."). ##### [815-10-15-38](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-38) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:7c335c1c1adf611d313ded70e82b458ebf11020d346df47f2f37d8bacc740c31 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The documentation requirements can be applied either to groups of similarly designated contracts or to each individual contract. Failure to comply with the documentation requirements precludes application of the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception to contracts that would otherwise qualify for that scope exception. ##### [815-10-15-39](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-39) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:b94125ab0d88ea6489d5b8790b65083bb296612a96112904b0b8a0c90cc32170 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The normal purchases and normal sales scope exception could effectively be interpreted as an election in all cases. However, once an entity documents compliance with the requirements of paragraphs [815-10-15-22 through 15-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22) , which could be done at the inception of the contract or at a later date, the entity is not permitted at a later date to change its election and treat the contract as a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-15-40](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-40) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:2639821f93a602163cb5af8361fef42384c2a6eafd173e6df094e10bf6f319ec Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Option contracts that would require delivery of the related asset at an established price under the contract only if exercised are not eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception, except as indicated in paragraphs [815-10-15-45 through 15-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-45) . ##### [815-10-15-41](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-41) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:877faa6da0baa9cd8ed6e187eae1eb0a59f628c196b4e44fdb9620eefc2ce1c2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forward contracts are eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception. However, forward contracts that contain net settlement provisions as described in either paragraphs [815-10-15-100 through 15-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) or [815-10-15-110 through 15-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) are not eligible for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception unless it is probable at inception and throughout the term of the individual contract that the contract will not settle net and will result in physical delivery. Contracts that are subject to unplanned netting (referred to as a book-out in the electric utility industry) do not qualify for this scope exception except as specified in paragraph [815-10-15-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-46). Net settlement (as described in paragraphs [815-10-15-100 through 15-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) and [815-10-15-110 through 15-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) ) of contracts in a group of contracts similarly designated as normal purchases and normal sales would call into question the classification of all such contracts as normal purchases or normal sales. Contracts that require cash settlements of gains or losses or are otherwise settled net on a periodic basis, including individual contracts that are part of a series of sequential contracts intended to accomplish ultimate acquisition or sale of a commodity, do not qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception. ##### [815-10-15-42](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-42) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:7d26a51d111643d3cfddf048765bf53219b4de202cedeab42b98941a992cccda Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forward contracts that contain optionality features that do not modify the quantity of the asset to be delivered under the contract are eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception. Except for power purchase or sales agreements addressed in paragraphs [815-10-15-45 through 15-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-45) , if an option component permits modification of the quantity of the assets to be delivered, the contract is not eligible for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception, unless the option component permits the holder only to purchase or sell additional quantities at the market price at the date of delivery. For forward contracts that contain optionality features to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception, the criteria discussed in the preceding paragraph must be met. ##### [815-10-15-43](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-43) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:f7267cac41a7f03e6b6afb8dbbb8ae3e63476d3fccc1cf29ec53ce29d8e1fd31 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the optionality feature in the forward contract can modify the quantity of the asset to be delivered under the contract and that option feature has expired or has been completely exercised (even if delivery has not yet occurred), there is no longer any uncertainty as to the quantity to be delivered under the forward contract. Accordingly, following such expiration or exercise, the forward contract would be eligible for designation as a normal purchase or normal sale, provided that the other applicable conditions in this Subsection are met. Example 10 (see paragraph [815-10-55-121](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-121)) illustrates this guidance. ##### [815-10-15-44](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-44) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:a89eade9550f67aced70bd50781ddffa2044ae47740c48116e40386bd409629f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The inclusion of a purchased option that would, if exercised, require delivery of the related asset at an established price under the contract within a single contract that meets the definition of a derivative instrument disqualifies the entire contract from being eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception in this Subsection except as provided in the following paragraph through paragraph [815-10-15-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-51) with respect to certain power purchase or sales agreements. ##### [815-10-15-45](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-45) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:35a207d88f14a78ff15940d3952fdf4792451aeaa017af5ec5552c7ad376c97c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Notwithstanding the criteria in paragraphs [815-10-15-41 through 15-44](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-41) , a power purchase or sales agreement (whether a forward contract, option contract, or a combination of both) that is a capacity contract for the purchase or sale of electricity also qualifies for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception if all of the following applicable criteria are met: 1. a For both parties to the contract, both of the following criteria are met: 1. 1 The terms of the contract require physical delivery of electricity. That is, the contract does not permit net settlement, as described in paragraphs [815-10-15-100 through 15-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) . For an option contract, physical delivery is required if the option contract is exercised. Certain contracts for the purchase or sale of electricity on a forward basis that necessitate transmission through, or delivery to a location within, an electricity grid operated by an independent system operator result in one of the contracting parties incurring charges (or credits) for the transmission of that electricity based in part on locational marginal pricing differences payable to (or receivable from) the independent system operator. For example, this is the case when the delivery location under the contract (for example, a hub location) is not the same location as the point of ultimate consumption of the electricity or the point from which the electricity exits the electricity grid for transmission to a customer load zone. Delivery to the point of ultimate consumption or the exit point is facilitated by the independent system operator of the grid. The use of locational marginal pricing to determine the transmission charge (or credit) does not constitute net settlement, even in situations in which legal title to the associated electricity is conveyed to the independent system operator during transmission. 2. 2 The power purchase or sales agreement is a capacity contract. Differentiating between a capacity contract and a traditional option contract (that is, a financial option on electricity) is a matter of judgment that depends on the facts and circumstances. For power purchase or sale agreements that contain option features, the characteristics of an option contract that is a capacity contract and a traditional option contract, which are set forth in paragraph [815-10-55-31](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-31) shall be considered in that evaluation; however, other characteristics not listed in that paragraph may also be relevant to that evaluation. 2. b For the seller of electricity: The electricity that would be deliverable under the contract involves quantities that are expected to be sold by the reporting entity in the normal course of business. 3. c For the buyer of electricity, all of the following criteria are met: 1. 1 The electricity that would be deliverable under the contract involves quantities that are expected to be used or sold by the reporting entity in the normal course of business. 2. 2 The buyer of the electricity under the power purchase or sales agreement is an entity that meets both of the following criteria: 1. i The entity is engaged in selling electricity to retail or wholesale customers. 2. ii The entity is statutorily or otherwise contractually obligated to maintain sufficient capacity to meet electricity needs of its customer base. 3. 3 The contracts are entered into to meet the buyer's obligation to maintain a sufficient capacity, including a reasonable reserve margin established by or based on a regulatory commission, local standards, regional reliability councils, or regional transmission organizations. ##### [815-10-15-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-46) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:eefcba5e6ad3e7bd9e2945ee8800ccfe18ca4a348c2dbaed664002cb17aca779 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Power purchase or sales agreements that meet only the applicable criteria in paragraph [815-10-15-45](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-45) qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception even if they are subject to being booked out or are scheduled to be booked out. ##### [815-10-15-47](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-47) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:020efe139045458197594f5ebca93d7d1c43b3f01dd5056d276153194a288e81 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forward contracts for the purchase or sale of electricity that do not meet those applicable criteria as well as other forward contracts are nevertheless eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception by meeting the criteria in this Subsection (other than paragraph [815-10-15-45](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-45)), unless those contracts are subject to unplanned netting (that is, subject to possibly being booked out). ##### [815-10-15-48](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-48) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:34edfe16d92c57cdc31e5e0c2e028f670c7325445a302b2f2349d89da32f6c1e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Because electricity cannot be readily stored in significant quantities and the entity engaged in selling electricity is obligated to maintain sufficient capacity to meet the electricity needs of its customer base, an option contract for the purchase of electricity that meets the criteria in paragraph [815-10-15-45](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-45) qualifies for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception in that paragraph. ##### [815-10-15-49](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-49) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:43cd073592ee89971c61ad650d87ebd53b33a93fa80627bc4b78028fb5fc662b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance does not affect the accounting for requirements contracts that would not be required to be accounted for under the guidance in this Subtopic pursuant to paragraphs [815-10-55-5 through 55-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-5) . ##### [815-10-15-50](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-50) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:81ab0c012b93184a7fb1cdde2fdab6672617ebbc0dd54231ee4cda1509063398 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Contracts that qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception based on this guidance do not require compliance with any additional guidance in paragraphs [815-10-15-22 through 15-44](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22) . However, contracts that have a price based on an underlying that is not clearly and closely related to the electricity being sold or purchased or that are denominated in a foreign currency that meets none of the criteria in paragraph [815-15-15-10(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-15-10) shall not be considered normal purchases and normal sales. ##### [815-10-15-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-51) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:1bf222224d1325dcca5085216d61a15c485695d33d167319f25401bedf011ac6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance shall not be applied by analogy to the accounting for other types of contracts not meeting the stated criteria. ##### [815-10-15-52](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-52) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:f084dcdbd4cd1bcb2668f551d8856ccf818b6f7d2c11102f397cbb214fa85a76 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract is not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic if it entitles the holder to be compensated only if, as a result of an identifiable insurable event (other than a change in price), the holder incurs a liability or there is an adverse change in the value of a specific asset or liability for which the holder is at risk. Only those contracts for which payment of a claim is triggered only by a bona fide insurable exposure (that is, contracts comprising either solely insurance or both an insurance component and a derivative instrument) may qualify for this scope exception. To qualify, the contract must provide for a legitimate transfer of risk, not simply constitute a deposit or form of self-insurance. ##### [815-10-15-53](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-53) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:470cda3ddb711d1e977c6c33cb226afeee3ee1a2e38d32c1b7948fcbfd39ba82 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following types of contracts written by insurance entities or held by the insureds are not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic for the reasons given: 1. a Traditional life insurance contracts. The payment of death benefits is the result of an identifiable insurable event (death of the insured) instead of changes in a variable. 2. b Traditional property and casualty contracts. The payment of benefits is the result of an identifiable insurable event (for example, theft or fire) instead of changes in a variable. ##### [815-10-15-54](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-54) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:b7e9201f3df80c47f311755716c131b8df4ffa4417ee97f9c6a25d71f198d46b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In addition, some contracts with insurance or other entities combine derivative instruments with other insurance products or nonderivative contracts, for example, indexed annuity contracts, variable life insurance contracts, and property and casualty contracts that combine traditional coverages with foreign currency options. Contracts that consist of both derivative portions and nonderivative portions are addressed in paragraph [815-15-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1). However, insurance entities enter into other types of contracts that may be subject to the provisions of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-15-55](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-55) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:b5191c72dc23b2b5c5aa05d9e9eb8b3d9c054b6f32c6ca60417fd95954091b44 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A property and casualty contract that provides for the payment of benefits or claims as a result of both an identifiable insurable event and changes in a variable would in its entirety not be subject to the requirements of this Subtopic (and thus not contain an embedded derivative that is required to be separately accounted for as a derivative instrument) provided all of the following conditions are met: 1. a Benefits or claims are paid only if an identifiable insurable event occurs (for example, theft or fire). 2. b The amount of the payment is limited to the amount of the policyholder's incurred insured loss. 3. c The contract does not involve essentially assured amounts of cash flows (regardless of the timing of those cash flows) based on insurable events highly probable of occurrence because the insured would nearly always receive the benefits (or suffer the detriment) of changes in the variable. ##### [815-10-15-56](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-56) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:02ac66a59eb80627c78e46cc654bdb3b5f71f300a0bb0c2b0da8ae8bc9cd351b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If there is an actuarially determined minimum amount of expected claim payments that are the result of insurable events that are highly probable of occurring under the contract, that portion of the contract does not qualify for the insurance scope exception if both of the following conditions are met: 1. a Those minimum payment cash flows are indexed to or altered by changes in a variable. 2. b Those minimum payment amounts are expected to be paid each policy year (or on another predictable basis). ##### [815-10-15-57](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-57) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:4e87b9674f60ffb97392463807c1b83700a6f593ec689d26230a7d221f9b8492 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If an insurance contract has an actuarially determined minimum amount of expected claim payments that are highly probable of occurring, then effectively the amount of those claims is the contract's minimum [notional amount](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/n/#notional-amount "A number of currency units, shares, bushels, pounds, or other units specified in a derivative instrument. Sometimes other names are used. For example, the notional amount is called a face amount in some contracts.") in determining the embedded derivative under Section 815-15-25. ##### [815-10-15-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-58) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:508a7b3cee4cb18acc8684c47153cccc1fd36560e5296906e4f8dd9b7354013c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Financial guarantee contracts are not subject to this Subtopic only if they meet all of the following conditions: 1. a They provide for payments to be made solely to reimburse the guaranteed party for failure of the debtor to satisfy its required payment obligations under a nonderivative contract, either: 1. 1 At prespecified payment dates 2. 2 At accelerated payment dates as a result of either the occurrence of an event of default (as defined in the financial obligation covered by the guarantee contract) or notice of acceleration being made to the debtor by the creditor. 2. b Payment under the financial guarantee contract is made only if the debtor's obligation to make payments as a result of conditions as described in (a) is past due. 3. c The guaranteed party is, as a precondition in the contract (or in the back-to-back arrangement, if applicable) for receiving payment of any claim under the guarantee, exposed to the risk of nonpayment both at inception of the financial guarantee contract and throughout its term either through direct legal ownership of the guaranteed obligation or through a back-to-back arrangement with another party that is required by the back-to-back arrangement to maintain direct ownership of the guaranteed obligation. In contrast, financial guarantee contracts are subject to this Subtopic if they do not meet all three criteria, for example, if they provide for payments to be made in response to changes in another underlying such as a decrease in a specified debtor's creditworthiness. ##### [815-10-15-59](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:9abc42c92ac7e4370659db57a0c5c2d545ac46cd0bcca5e601b85aa8ee05e46f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Contracts that are not exchange-traded are not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic if the underlying on which the settlement is based is any one of the following: 1. a A climatic or geological variable or other physical variable. Climatic, geological, and other physical variables include things like the number of inches of rainfall or snow in a particular area and the severity of an earthquake as measured by the Richter scale. (See Example 13 \[paragraph [815-10-55-135](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-135)\].) 2. b The price or value of a nonfinancial asset of one of the parties to the contract provided that the asset is not readily convertible to cash. This scope exception applies only if both of the following are true: 1. 1 The nonfinancial assets are unique. 2. 2 The nonfinancial asset related to the underlying is owned by the party that would not benefit under the contract from an increase in the fair value of the nonfinancial asset. (If the contract is a call option, the scope exception applies only if that nonfinancial asset is owned by the party that would not benefit under the contract from an increase in the fair value of the nonfinancial asset above the option's strike price.) 3. c The fair value of a nonfinancial liability of one of the parties to the contract provided that the liability does not require delivery of an asset that is readily convertible to cash. 4. d Specified volumes of sales or service revenues of one of the parties to the contract. (This scope exception applies to contracts with settlements based on the volume of items sold or services rendered, for example, royalty agreements. This scope exception does not apply to contracts based on changes in sales or revenues due to changes in market prices.) Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Contracts that are not exchange-traded are not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic if the underlying on which the settlement is based is any one of the following: 1. a A climatic or geological variable or other physical variable. Climatic, geological, and other physical variables include things like the number of inches of rainfall or snow in a particular area and the severity of an earthquake as measured by the Richter scale. (See Example 13 \[paragraph [815-10-55-135](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-135)\].) 2. b The price or value of a nonfinancial asset of one of the parties to the contract provided that the asset is not readily convertible to cash. This scope exception applies only if both of the following are true: 1. 1 The nonfinancial assets are unique. 2. 2 The nonfinancial asset related to the underlying is owned by the party that would not benefit under the contract from an increase in the fair value of the nonfinancial asset. (If the contract is a call option, the scope exception applies only if that nonfinancial asset is owned by the party that would not benefit under the contract from an increase in the fair value of the nonfinancial asset above the option's strike price.) 3. c The fair value of a nonfinancial liability of one of the parties to the contract provided that the liability does not require delivery of an asset that is readily convertible to cash. 4. d Specified volumes of sales or service revenues of one of the parties to the contract. (This scope exception applies to contracts with settlements based on the volume of items sold or services rendered, for example, royalty agreements. This scope exception does not apply to contracts based on changes in sales or revenues due to changes in market prices.) 5. e An underlying that is based on operations or activities specific to one of the parties to the contract. This scope exception applies to underlyings based on the financial operating results (or components of those results) of one of the parties to the contract. This scope exception also applies to underlyings based on the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an event specific to the operations or activities of one of the parties to the contract (such as obtaining regulatory approval, achieving a product development milestone, or achieving a greenhouse gas emissions reduction target). When evaluating whether operations or activities are specific to one of the parties to the contract, an entity does not need to consider whether the outcome is within its control. This scope exception does not apply to any of the following: 1. 1 Underlyings that are based on a market rate, market price, or market index (including those in paragraph [815-10-15-88(a) through (f)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-88)). (See Example 14A—Case F \[paragraph [815-10-55-143K](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143K)\] and Case I \[paragraphs [815-10-55-143P through 55-143Q](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143P) \] that illustrate the application of this exclusion to the scope exception.) 2. 2 Underlyings that are based on the price or performance (including default) of a financial asset or financial liability of one of the parties to the contract. For example, the scope exception does not apply to underlyings based on (i) a rate of return or a default rate on a pool of loans held by one of the parties to the contract or (ii) the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an event of default or other credit event by a borrower (or reference entity) on a loan held by one of the parties to the contract. (See Example 14A—Case J \[paragraphs [815-10-55-143R through 55-143S](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143R) \] that illustrates the application of this exclusion to the scope exception.) 3. 3 Contracts involving an entity’s own equity that are subject to paragraph [815-10-15-74(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74) and Subtopic 815-40. 4. 4 Call options and put options on debt instruments that are subject to paragraphs [815-15-25-41 through 25-43](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-41) . Solely for purposes of applying the scope exception in (e), the term _party to the contract_ includes the parent, subsidiaries, or other entities consolidated by the parent for both consolidated financial statements and the standalone financial statements of individual entities within the consolidated group. ##### [815-10-15-60](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-60) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:f546ad5111058da3bd97030cbfd4cf8d573f678d81248085328fa740442489f0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a contract has more than one underlying and some, but not all, of them qualify for one of the scope exceptions in paragraph [815-10-15-59](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59), the application of this Subtopic to that contract depends on its predominant characteristics. That is, the contract is subject to the requirements of this Subtopic if all of its underlyings, considered in combination, behave in a manner that is highly correlated with the behavior of any of the component variables that do not qualify for a scope exception. ##### [815-10-15-61](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-61) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:7f07b4f7f19f25f11601d144c9affcdc8342bd2774e979fb011a7368101cfff1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract based on any variable that is not specifically excluded by paragraph [815-10-15-59](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) is subject to the requirements of this Subtopic if it has the other two characteristics (initial net investment and net settlement) identified in this Subsection. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update 2025-07.](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2025-07/) ##### [815-10-15-62](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-62) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:7021a93b80c6470154fe62893fb3e655a133817f1d8c8b82b268fdc0427702a9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Example 14 (see paragraph [815-10-55-142](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-142)) illustrates the application of paragraph [815-10-15-59(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-15-63](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-63) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:7fcb4d9839a77948b183c427c0aaa8dc92330adc2a595df9af3a802e06ee5d64 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A derivative instrument (whether freestanding or embedded in another contract) whose existence serves as an impediment to recognizing a related contract as a sale by one party or a purchase by the counterparty is not subject to this Subtopic. An example is the existence of a call option enabling a transferor to repurchase transferred assets that is an impediment to sales accounting under Topic 860. Such a call option on transferred financial assets that are not readily obtainable would prevent accounting for that transfer as a sale. The consequence is that to recognize the call option would be to count the same thing twice. The holder of the option already recognizes in its financial statements the assets that it has the option to purchase. ##### [815-10-15-64](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-64) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:6679e3168fc3535bd03ed5089fd6f3b9be61d35279a0436f95851517f8540c86 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A derivative instrument held by a transferor that relates to assets transferred in a transaction accounted for as a financing under Topic 860, but which does not itself serve as an impediment to sale accounting, is not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic if recognizing both the derivative instrument and either the transferred asset or the liability arising from the transfer would result in counting the same thing twice in the transferor's balance sheet. However, if recognizing both the derivative instrument and either the transferred asset or the liability arising from the transfer would not result in counting the same thing twice in the transferor's balance sheet, the derivative instrument shall be accounted for in accordance with this Subtopic. For related implementation guidance, see paragraph [815-10-55-41](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-41). ##### [815-10-15-65](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-65) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:1e06180ea065b3c568a0f44020dce49df6262a2e648279c472910a9fc7d0a092 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [815-10-15-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-66) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:aeeccaa972298582226ba432305b03ba7c722f99952502b60f0bb0df5370eb87 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [815-10-15-67](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-67) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:60f4adbe8110a5db79520f4d3f7c1b886a0f9079b9013df64c5e83e9666b4e09 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A policyholder's investment in a life insurance contract that is accounted for under Subtopic 325-30 is not subject to this Subtopic. This scope exclusion does not affect the accounting by the issuer of the life insurance contract. ##### [815-10-15-68](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-68) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:b9c3f03e2c9ad9c0a4a1755a3c36c4e4d7d2c026b9dd31245a1532f3680b673c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract that is accounted for under either paragraph [960-325-35-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/325/960/#325-960-35-1) or [960-325-35-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/325/960/#325-960-35-3) is not subject to this Subtopic. This scope exception applies only to the party that accounts for the contract under Topic 960. ##### [815-10-15-68A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-68A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:668eb2aa48de60fe208952dc50bb8a778feadd8c3808c6d3f53d803c5f49c796 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The wrapper of a synthetic guaranteed investment contract that meets the definition of a [fully benefit-responsive investment contract](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fully-benefit-responsive-investment-contract "An investment contract is considered fully benefit-responsive if all of the following criteria are met for that contract, analyzed on an individual basis: The investment contract is effected directly between the plan and the issuer and prohibits the plan from assigning or selling the contract or its proceeds to another party without the consent of the issuer. Either of the following conditions exists: The repayment of principal and interest credited to participants in the plan is a financial obligation of the issuer of the investment contract. Prospective interest crediting rate adjustments are provided to participants in the plan on a designated pool of investments held by the plan or the contract issuer, whereby a financially responsible third party, through a contract generally referred to as a wrapper, must provide assurance that the adjustments to the interest crediting rate will not result in a future interest crediting rate that is less than zero. If an event has occurred such that realization of full contract value for a particular investment contract is no longer probable (for example, a significant decline in creditworthiness of the contract issuer or wrapper provider), the investment contract shall no longer be considered fully benefit-responsive. The terms of the investment contract require all permitted participant-initiated transactions with the plan to occur at contract value with no conditions, limits, or restrictions. Permitted participant-initiated transactions are those transactions allowed by the plan, such as any of the following: Withdrawals for benefits Loans Transfers to other funds within the plan. An event that limits the ability of the plan to transact at contract value with the issuer and that also limits the ability of the plan to transact at contract value with the participants in the plan, such as any of the following, must be probable of not occurring: Premature termination of the contracts by the plan Plant closings Layoffs Plan termination Bankruptcy Mergers Early retirement incentives. The plan itself must allow participants reasonable access to their funds. If access to funds is substantially restricted by plan provisions, investment contracts held by those plans may not be considered to be fully benefit-responsive. For example, if plan participants are allowed access at contract value to all or a portion of their account balances only upon termination of their participation in the plan, it would not be considered reasonable access and, therefore, investment contracts held by that plan would generally not be deemed to be fully benefit-responsive. However, in plans with a single investment fund that allow reasonable access to assets by inactive participants, restrictions on access to assets by active participants consistent with the objective of the plan (for example, retirement or health and welfare benefits) will not affect the benefit responsiveness of the investment contracts held by those single-fund plans. Also, if a plan limits participants' access to their account balances to certain specified times during the plan year (for example, semiannually or quarterly) to control the administrative costs of the plan, that limitation generally would not affect the benefit responsiveness of the investment contracts held by that plan. In addition, administrative provisions that place short-term restrictions (for example, three or six months) on transfers to competing fixed-rate investment options to limit arbitrage among those investment options (equity wash provisions) would not affect a contract's benefit responsiveness.") that is held by an employee benefit plan is excluded from the scope of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-15-69](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-69) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:1f55f3b7f4fda67b99a80bb7633d890d9f7445ea672224f809dfd598006f3110 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For the holder of a commitment to originate a loan (that is, the potential borrower), that commitment is not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. For issuers of commitments to originate mortgage loans that will be held for investment purposes, as discussed in paragraphs [948-310-25-3 through 25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/310/948/#310-948-25-3) , those commitments are not subject to this Subtopic. In addition, for issuers of [loan commitments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#loan-commitment "Loan commitments are legally binding commitments to extend credit to a counterparty under certain prespecified terms and conditions. They have fixed expiration dates and may either be fixed-rate or variable-rate. Loan commitments can be either of the following: Revolving (in which the amount of the overall commitment is reestablished upon repayment of previously drawn amounts) Nonrevolving (in which the amount of the overall commitment is not reestablished upon repayment of previously drawn amounts).") to originate other types of loans (that is, other than mortgage loans), those commitments are not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-15-70](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-70) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:a3cf2af200ef05ca4be904e0eee31485ef86c1e6a11e809df4295c039b7a94cf Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The preceding paragraph does not affect the accounting for commitments to purchase or sell mortgage loans or other types of loans at a future date. Those types of loan commitments must be evaluated under the definition of a derivative instrument to determine whether this Subtopic applies. ##### [815-10-15-71](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-71) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:f896bb7a48c94c9744a1669a50b74cbcbc9afe064d632f3fecbe25cf16ff9eb0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Notwithstanding the characteristics discussed in paragraph [815-10-15-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83), loan commitments that relate to the origination of mortgage loans that will be held for sale, as discussed in paragraph [948-310-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/310/948/#310-948-25-3), shall be accounted for as derivative instruments by the issuer of the loan commitment (that is, the potential lender). ##### [815-10-15-72](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-72) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:4a55116209f840fc96b5648fc1b80e72e4d21b5dd5638f4b8644d7e3d1a539ae Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An interest-only strip or principal-only strip is not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic provided the strip has both of the following characteristics: 1. a It represents the right to receive only a specified proportion of the contractual interest cash flows of a specific debt instrument or a specified proportion of the contractual principal cash flows of that debt instrument. 2. b It does not incorporate any terms not present in the original debt instrument. ##### [815-10-15-73](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-73) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:7a37d90953ceb24de654a1f62dc98cfb23ba39e93cf2ef110057764355569bc0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An allocation of a portion of the interest or principal cash flows of a specific debt instrument as reasonable compensation for stripping the instrument or to provide adequate compensation to a servicer (as defined in Topic 860) would meet the intended narrow nature of the scope exception provided in this paragraph. However, an allocation of a portion of the interest or principal cash flows of a specific debt instrument to provide for a guarantee of payments, for servicing in excess of adequate compensation, or for any other purpose would not meet the intended narrow nature of the scope exception. ##### [815-10-15-74](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:27573c7e704ba439eb0ca467801189d236e639ed085839309bc9d63963b65fb5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Notwithstanding the conditions of paragraphs [815-10-15-13 through 15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) , the reporting entity shall not consider the following contracts to be derivative instruments for purposes of this Subtopic: 1. a Contracts issued or held by that reporting entity that are both: 1. 1 Indexed to its own stock (see Section 815-40-15) 2. 2 Classified in stockholders' equity in its statement of financial position (see Section 815-40-25). 2. b Contracts issued by the entity that are subject to Topic 718. If any such contract ceases to be subject to Topic 718 in accordance with paragraphs [718-10-35-9 through 35-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/718/10/#718-10-35-9) , the terms of that contract shall then be analyzed to determine whether the contract is subject to this Subtopic. An award that ceases to be subject to Topic 718 in accordance with those paragraphs shall be analyzed to determine whether it is subject to this Subtopic. 3. c Any of the following contracts: 1. 1 A contract between an acquirer and a seller to enter into a business combination 2. 2 A contract to enter into an [acquisition by a not-for-profit entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-by-a-not-for-profit-entity "A transaction or other event in which a not-for-profit acquirer obtains control of one or more nonprofit activities or businesses and initially recognizes their assets and liabilities in the acquirer's financial statements. When applicable guidance in Topic 805 is applied by a not-for-profit entity, the term business combination has the same meaning as this term has for a for-profit entity. Likewise, a reference to business combinations in guidance that links to Topic 805 has the same meaning as a reference to acquisitions by not-for-profit entities.") 3. 3 A contract between one or more NFPs to enter into a [merger of not-for-profit entities](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/m/#merger-of-not-for-profit-entities "A transaction or other event in which the governing bodies of two or more not-for-profit entities cede control of those entities to create a new not-for-profit entity.") 4. 4 In a [joint venture’s](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/j/#joint-venture "An entity owned and operated by a small group of businesses (the joint venturers) as a separate and specific business or project for the mutual benefit of the members of the group. A government may also be a member of the group. The purpose of a joint venture frequently is to share risks and rewards in developing a new market, product, or technology; to combine complementary technological knowledge; or to pool resources in developing production or other facilities. A joint venture also usually provides an arrangement under which each joint venturer may participate, directly or indirectly, in the overall management of the joint venture. Joint venturers thus have an interest or relationship other than as passive investors. An entity that is a subsidiary of one of the joint venturers is not a joint venture. The ownership of a joint venture seldom changes, and its equity interests usually are not traded publicly. A minority public ownership, however, does not preclude an entity from being a joint venture. As distinguished from a corporate joint venture, a joint venture is not limited to corporate entities.") separate financial statements, a contract between a joint venture and its venturers related to the formation of the joint venture accounted for in accordance with Subtopic 805-60. 4. d Forward contracts that require settlement by the reporting entity's delivery of cash in exchange for the acquisition of a fixed number of its equity shares (forward purchase contracts for the reporting entity's shares that require physical settlement) that are accounted for under paragraphs [480-10-30-3 through 30-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/480/10/#480-10-30-3) , [480-10-35-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/480/10/#480-10-35-3), and [480-10-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/480/10/#480-10-45-3). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Notwithstanding the conditions of paragraphs [815-10-15-13 through 15-60](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) and [815-10-15-62 through 15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-62) , the reporting entity shall not consider the following contracts to be derivative instruments for purposes of this Subtopic: 1. a Contracts issued or held by that reporting entity that are both: 1. 1 Indexed to its own stock (see Section 815-40-15) 2. 2 Classified in stockholders' equity in its statement of financial position (see Section 815-40-25). 2. b Contracts issued by the entity that are subject to Topic 718. If any such contract ceases to be subject to Topic 718 in accordance with paragraphs [718-10-35-9 through 35-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/718/10/#718-10-35-9) , the terms of that contract shall then be analyzed to determine whether the contract is subject to this Subtopic. An award that ceases to be subject to Topic 718 in accordance with those paragraphs shall be analyzed to determine whether it is subject to this Subtopic. 3. c Any of the following contracts: 1. 1 A contract between an acquirer and a seller to enter into a business combination 2. 2 A contract to enter into an [acquisition by a not-for-profit entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-by-a-not-for-profit-entity "A transaction or other event in which a not-for-profit acquirer obtains control of one or more nonprofit activities or businesses and initially recognizes their assets and liabilities in the acquirer's financial statements. When applicable guidance in Topic 805 is applied by a not-for-profit entity, the term business combination has the same meaning as this term has for a for-profit entity. Likewise, a reference to business combinations in guidance that links to Topic 805 has the same meaning as a reference to acquisitions by not-for-profit entities.") 3. 3 A contract between one or more NFPs to enter into a [merger of not-for-profit entities](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/m/#merger-of-not-for-profit-entities "A transaction or other event in which the governing bodies of two or more not-for-profit entities cede control of those entities to create a new not-for-profit entity.") 4. 4 In a [joint venture’s](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/j/#joint-venture "An entity owned and operated by a small group of businesses (the joint venturers) as a separate and specific business or project for the mutual benefit of the members of the group. A government may also be a member of the group. The purpose of a joint venture frequently is to share risks and rewards in developing a new market, product, or technology; to combine complementary technological knowledge; or to pool resources in developing production or other facilities. A joint venture also usually provides an arrangement under which each joint venturer may participate, directly or indirectly, in the overall management of the joint venture. Joint venturers thus have an interest or relationship other than as passive investors. An entity that is a subsidiary of one of the joint venturers is not a joint venture. The ownership of a joint venture seldom changes, and its equity interests usually are not traded publicly. A minority public ownership, however, does not preclude an entity from being a joint venture. As distinguished from a corporate joint venture, a joint venture is not limited to corporate entities.") separate financial statements, a contract between a joint venture and its venturers related to the formation of the joint venture accounted for in accordance with Subtopic 805-60. 4. d Forward contracts that require settlement by the reporting entity's delivery of cash in exchange for the acquisition of a fixed number of its equity shares (forward purchase contracts for the reporting entity's shares that require physical settlement) that are accounted for under paragraphs [480-10-30-3 through 30-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/480/10/#480-10-30-3) , [480-10-35-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/480/10/#480-10-35-3), and [480-10-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/480/10/#480-10-45-3). ##### [815-10-15-75](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-75) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:2987b621ee7090cf3882291d2f712741ede381df76e785e231560ea41f65702d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The scope exceptions in paragraph [815-10-15-74](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74) do not apply to either of the following: 1. a The counterparty in those contracts. For example, the scope exception in (b) in the preceding paragraph related to share-based compensation arrangements does not apply to equity instruments (including stock options) received by nonemployees as compensation for goods and services. 2. b A contract that an entity either can or must settle by issuing its own equity instruments but that is indexed in part or in full to something other than its own stock. That contract can be a derivative instrument for the issuer under paragraphs [815-10-15-13 through 15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) , in which case it would be accounted for as a liability or an asset in accordance with the requirements of this Subtopic. For example, a forward contract that is indexed to both an entity's own stock and currency exchange rates does not qualify for the exception in (a) in the preceding paragraph with respect to that entity's accounting because the forward contract is indexed in part to something other than that entity's own stock (namely, currency exchange rates). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The scope exceptions in paragraph [815-10-15-74](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74) do not apply to either of the following: 1. a The counterparty in those contracts. For example, the scope exception in (b) in paragraph [815-10-15-74](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74)related to share-based compensation arrangements does not apply to equity instruments (including stock options) received by nonemployees as compensation for goods and services. 2. b A contract that an entity either can or must settle by issuing its own equity instruments but that is indexed in part or in full to something other than its own stock. That contract can be a derivative instrument for the issuer under paragraphs [815-10-15-13 through 15-60](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) and [815-10-15-62 through 15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-62) , in which case it would be accounted for as a liability or an asset in accordance with the requirements of this Subtopic. For example, a forward contract that is indexed to both an entity's own stock and currency exchange rates does not qualify for the exception in (a) in paragraph [815-10-15-74](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74)with respect to that entity's accounting because the forward contract is indexed in part to something other than that entity's own stock (namely, currency exchange rates). ##### [815-10-15-75A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-75A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:9f60514830c3eecd7d3bab8bcaa7202ebb89a4efef739f8ca916e14b565ddf49 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For purposes of evaluating whether a financial instrument meets the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-74(a)(1)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74), a [down round feature](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#down-round-feature "A feature in a financial instrument that reduces the strike price of an issued financial instrument if the issuer sells shares of its stock for an amount less than the currently stated strike price of the issued financial instrument or issues an equity-linked financial instrument with a strike price below the currently stated strike price of the issued financial instrument. A down round feature may reduce the strike price of a financial instrument to the current issuance price, or the reduction may be limited by a floor or on the basis of a formula that results in a price that is at a discount to the original exercise price but above the new issuance price of the shares, or may reduce the strike price to below the current issuance price. A standard antidilution provision is not considered a down round feature.") shall be excluded from the consideration of whether the instrument is indexed to the entity's own stock. ##### [815-10-15-76](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-76) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:2b46762938b8487e91295593826719fb957f1e91e1a8f4ba778148adafc71cb0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Temporary equity is considered stockholders' equity for purposes of the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-74(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74) even if it is required to be displayed outside of the permanent equity section. ##### [815-10-15-77](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-77) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:63916fc6861c3085ebacf6e13b2f93d7d5960bb64ba37bb51ce07dafb9eaaba5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For guidance on determining whether a freestanding financial instrument or embedded feature is not precluded from qualifying for the first part of the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-74(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74), see the guidance beginning in paragraph [815-40-15-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/40/#815-40-15-5).For guidance on determining whether a freestanding financial instrument or embedded feature qualifies for the second part of the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-74(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74), see the guidance beginning in paragraph [815-40-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/40/#815-40-25-1). ##### [815-10-15-78](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-78) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:4c204d0f9fbe76b85ceef6730b78c55362fbc413e6227f3e09ebfb45a4ef60bb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-40-25-39](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/40/#815-40-25-39) explains that, for purposes of evaluating under this Subtopic whether an embedded derivative indexed to an entity's own stock would be classified in stockholders' equity if freestanding, the additional considerations necessary for equity classifications beginning in paragraph [815-40-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/40/#815-40-25-7) do not apply if the hybrid contract is a convertible debt instrument in which the holder may only realize the value of the conversion option by exercising the option and receiving the entire proceeds in a fixed number of shares or the equivalent amount of cash (at the discretion of the issuer). ##### [815-10-15-79](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-79) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:fa21e9c35652fa298365e9d7b13142573ea71d59c1b807e5ab9581d1eb442354 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Leases that are within the scope of Topic 842 are not derivative instruments subject to this Subtopic, although a derivative instrument embedded in a lease may be subject to the requirements of paragraph [815-15-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1). ##### [815-10-15-80](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-80) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:c33cd399525911ae8e679e7a3839c97f88e92a4a63964394ee7fff63f51d3dc0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Residual value guarantees that are subject to the requirements of Topic 842 on leases are not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-15-81](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-81) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:3f8ffaecad30603f67e20ce0f667bbac0536903552c6610cacfa5c0c72141987 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A third-party residual value guarantor shall consider the guidance in this Subtopic for all residual value guarantees that it provides to determine whether they are derivative instruments and whether they qualify for any of the scope exceptions in this Subtopic. The guarantees described in paragraph [842-10-15-43](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/842/10/#842-10-15-43) for which the exceptions of paragraphs [460-10-15-7(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/460/10/#460-10-15-7) and [460-10-25-1(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/460/10/#460-10-25-1) do not apply are subject to the initial recognition, initial measurement, and disclosure requirements of Topic 460. ##### [815-10-15-82](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-82) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:105cea8bcf96e0abfca68623c4e7fb5d923cdd16b013bb2468b41a606fc72eac Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Registration payment arrangements within the scope of Subtopic 825-20 are not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. The exception in this paragraph applies to both the issuer that accounts for the arrangement pursuant to that Subtopic and the counterparty. ##### [815-10-15-82A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-82A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:300a0d0ad5da68e65f4d4924cd06b163832a8b97dc3e0cfe20b2e299789f60c9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Fixed-odds wagering contracts for an entity operating as a casino and for the casino operations of other entities are within the scope of Topic 606 on revenue from contracts with customers. See paragraph [924-815-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/924/#815-924-15-1). ##### [815-10-15-82B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-82B) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:b1374d5ba5ef4f2a39a20a68d5f0907e50713a72e6ac183f056ad62742ee96fa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [818-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/818/10/#818-10-65-1)[Environmental credits](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#environmental-credit "(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028818-10-65-1An enforceable right that is acquired, internally generated, granted by a regulatory agency or its designee(s), or received in a nonreciprocal transfer that is not a grant from a regulator or its designee(s) that meets all of the following criteria:Lacks physical substance and is not a financial asset.Is represented to prevent, control, reduce, or remove emissions or other pollution.Is, or previously was, separately transferable in an exchange transaction. If an item is no longer separately transferable in an exchange transaction, an entity must be able to use that item to satisfy an environmental credit obligation to meet this criterion.Is not an income tax credit that may be used to settle an entity’s income tax liability, regardless of whether the entity has a tax liability or intends to use the credit for that purpose.An environmental credit that meets the above criteria may exist in a variety of forms, including (but not limited to) credits, certificates, allowances, and offsets.") and [environmental credit obligations](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#environmental-credit-obligation "(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028818-10-65-1A regulatory compliance obligation arising from existing or enacted laws, statutes, or ordinances represented to prevent, control, reduce, or remove emissions or other pollution that may be settled with environmental credits. Obligations within the scope of Subtopic 410-30 are not environmental credit obligations.") shall be accounted for in accordance with Topic 818 and are not subject to this Subtopic. #### Definition of Derivative Instrument ##### [815-10-15-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:390d682b2f57d895cf7c555b457354fd86593db5ac0c8c8640cde55a0f5389c9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A derivative instrument is a financial instrument or other contract with all of the following characteristics: 1. a Underlying, notional amount, [payment provision](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#payment-provision "A payment provision specifies a fixed or determinable settlement to be made if the underlying behaves in a specified manner."). The contract has both of the following terms, which determine the amount of the settlement or settlements, and, in some cases, whether or not a settlement is required: 1. 1 One or more underlyings 2. 2 One or more notional amounts or payment provisions or both. 2. b Initial net investment. The contract requires no initial net investment or an initial net investment that is smaller than would be required for other types of contracts that would be expected to have a similar response to changes in market factors. 3. c Net settlement. The contract can be settled net by any of the following means: 1. 1 Its terms implicitly or explicitly require or permit net settlement. 2. 2 It can readily be settled net by a means outside the contract. 3. 3 It provides for delivery of an asset that puts the recipient in a position not substantially different from net settlement. ##### [815-10-15-84](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-84) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:923f63a259be42dd94f30b92e4dbb30d03465600fe68d1f98f05a7d649b55e2d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Topic, both of the following are collectively referred to as derivative instruments: 1. a A derivative instrument included within the scope of this Subtopic by this Subsection 2. b An embedded derivative that has been separated from a host contract as required by paragraph [815-15-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1). ##### [815-10-15-85](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-85) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:e4b4126ce0b4ce93789c05ef4617c316634dd3040b0dce2efdf368991f053599 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The terms _underlying_, _notional amount_, _payment provision_, and _settlement_ are intended to include the plural forms in the remainder of this Topic. Including both the singular and plural forms is more accurate but much more awkward and impairs the readability. ##### [815-10-15-86](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-86) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:cc1d1f81e4031ec39f424777dde7e2553d477d1d530fee2aa8257a683f7f170a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Following is further discussion of each of the three characteristics of a derivative instrument: 1. a Underlying, notional amount, payment provision 2. b Initial net investment 3. c Net settlement. ##### [815-10-15-87](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-87) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:46e1d4403021e359ff6c195190eee7e662e537ce2e5af94706260e205e134d2f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Following is further discussion of the features that relate to the settlement amount(s) of a derivative instrument: 1. a Underlying 2. b Notional amount 3. c Payment provision. ##### [815-10-15-88](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-88) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:a569a68105ad61c19ce6cf2047f7e2d2d1d1903bae7790c98c67f9b4d770cd74 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An underlying is a variable that, along with either a notional amount or a payment provision, determines the settlement of a derivative instrument. An underlying usually is one or a combination of the following: 1. a A security price or security price index 2. b A commodity price or commodity price index 3. c An interest rate or interest rate index 4. d A credit rating or credit index 5. e An exchange rate or exchange rate index 6. f An insurance index or catastrophe loss index 7. g A climatic or geological condition (such as temperature, earthquake severity, or rainfall), another physical variable, or a related index 8. h The occurrence or nonoccurrence of a specified event (such as a scheduled payment under a contract). ##### [815-10-15-89](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-89) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:2d8dae73b366565920c02214bdfdc898c9a96f31d8e21dbc3ad1a82681afc2f0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. However, an underlying may be any variable whose changes are observable or otherwise objectively verifiable. An underlying may be a price or rate of an asset or liability but is not the asset or liability itself. ##### [815-10-15-90](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-90) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:1f921a960f1fe43a0801013cd77fd8217a51a75107c614e6566ba95b5c40f8fc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Reference to either a notional amount or a payment provision is needed in relation to an underlying to compute the contract's periodic settlements and resulting changes in fair value. ##### [815-10-15-91](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-91) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:a9356662636011cd29725e0993ff4775a9a415d686433d34baeb19dc6a2e95a4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Example 3 (see paragraph [815-10-55-77](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-77)) illustrates the determination of an underlying if a commodity contract includes a fixed element and a variable element. ##### [815-10-15-92](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-92) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:f0e304cd0750ccd92cd3514a3fecd9760bb58034ea4e1e43579bf03cf7004736 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A notional amount is a number of currency units, shares, bushels, pounds, or other units specified in the contract. Other names are used, for example, the notional amount is called a [face amount](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#face-amount "See Notional Amount.") in some contracts. The settlement of a derivative instrument with a notional amount is determined by interaction of that notional amount with the underlying. The interaction may be simple multiplication, or it may involve a formula with leverage factors or other constants. As defined in the glossary, the [effective notional amount](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#effective-notional-amount "The effective notional amount is the stated notional amount adjusted for any leverage factor.") is the stated notional amount adjusted for any leverage factor. If a requirements contract contains explicit provisions that support the calculation of a determinable amount reflecting the buyer's needs, then that contract has a notional amount. See paragraphs [815-10-55-5 through 55-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-5) for related implementation guidance. For implementation guidance on identifying a commodity contract's notional amount, see paragraph [815-10-55-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-5). ##### [815-10-15-93](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-93) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:77e816936ab2b7e8eb85e204cb2b778b8a2bd2d46aa3b35a1494b4a1ce808a0a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As defined in the glossary, a payment provision specifies a fixed or determinable settlement to be made if the underlying behaves in a specified manner. For example, a derivative instrument might require a specified payment if a referenced interest rate increases by 300 basis points. ##### [815-10-15-94](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-94) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:cf4860134df836e920e024bb7201b99976b26559f7ed3e85b8f5d62077c5801b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Many derivative instruments require no initial net investment. Some require an initial net investment as compensation for one or both of the following: 1. a Time value (for example, a premium on an option) 2. b Terms that are more or less favorable than market conditions (for example, a premium on a forward purchase contract with a price less than the current forward price). Others require a mutual exchange of currencies or other assets at inception, in which case the net investment is the difference in the fair values of the assets exchanged. ##### [815-10-15-95](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-95) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:3080e23db4942a0a3ca25ac85bc2a578935938916cd2620c844f66b95c0f30ad Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A derivative instrument does not require an initial net investment in the contract that is equal to the notional amount (or the notional amount plus a premium or minus a discount) or that is determined by applying the notional amount to the underlying. For example: 1. a A commodity futures contract generally requires no net investment, while purchasing the same commodity requires an initial net investment equal to its market price. However, both contracts reflect changes in the price of the commodity in the same way (that is, similar gains or losses will be incurred). 2. b A swap or forward contract generally does not require an initial net investment unless the terms favor one party over the other. 3. c An option generally requires that one party make an initial net investment (a premium) because that party has the rights under the contract and the other party has the obligations. ##### [815-10-15-96](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-96) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:8f827cd9dc6fa18d2ef5754735ca7b5d7edf27ab82c8333aec33c74269ec0d77 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the initial net investment in the contract (after adjustment for the time value of money) is less, by more than a nominal amount, than the initial net investment that would be commensurate with the amount that would be exchanged either to acquire the asset related to the underlying or to incur the obligation related to the underlying, the characteristic in paragraph [815-10-15-83(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) is met. The amount of that asset acquired or liability incurred should be comparable to the effective notional amount of the contract. This does not imply that a slightly off-market contract cannot be a derivative instrument in its entirety. That determination is a matter of facts and circumstances and shall be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Example 16, Case C (see paragraph [815-10-55-166](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-166)) illustrates the guidance in this paragraph. ##### [815-10-15-97](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-97) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:9a1ad5a462e36bb39ab5fc77e24c444836ce39f9f50d90b426ae5457d0875fd8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract that requires an initial net investment in the contract that is in excess of the amount determined by applying the effective notional amount to the underlying is not a derivative instrument in its entirety. Example 16, Case A (see paragraph [815-10-55-150](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-150)) illustrates such a contract. ##### [815-10-15-98](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-98) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:ad413bb6255c196b2d3ed7faacc9e763660d02c183ffaa9652c18764cd74834a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The phrase _initial net investment_ is stated from the perspective of only one party to the contract, but it determines the application of this Subtopic for both parties. Even though a contract may be a derivative instrument as described in paragraphs [815-10-15-13 through 15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) for both parties, the scope exceptions in paragraphs [815-10-15-74 through 15-75](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74) apply only to the issuer of the contract and will result in different reporting by the two parties. The normal purchases and sales scope exception (beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22)) also may apply to one of the parties but not the other. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The phrase _initial net investment_ is stated from the perspective of only one party to the contract, but it determines the application of this Subtopic for both parties. Even though a contract may be a derivative instrument as described in paragraphs [815-10-15-13 through 15-60](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) and [815-10-15-62 through 15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-62) for both parties, the scope exceptions in paragraphs [815-10-15-74 through 15-75](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74) apply only to the issuer of the contract and will result in different reporting by the two parties. The normal purchases and sales scope exception (beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22)) also may apply to one of the parties but not the other. ##### [815-10-15-99](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-99) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:1c1fdd409a882764548de4da8c9db48f69151bfe71295bcc75a760560a216376 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract fits the description in paragraph [815-10-15-83(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) if its settlement provisions meet criteria for any of the following: 1. a Net settlement under contract terms 2. b Net settlement through a market mechanism 3. c Net settlement by delivery of derivative instrument or asset readily convertible to cash. ##### [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:e627febb02b698614869b1d598f583e02276e3c1923534758d95bca0deda53ff Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this form of net settlement, neither party is required to deliver an asset that is associated with the underlying and that has a principal amount, stated amount, face value, number of shares, or other denomination that is equal to the notional amount (or the notional amount plus a premium or minus a discount). (For example, most interest rate swaps do not require that either party deliver interest-bearing assets with a principal amount equal to the notional amount of the contract.) Net settlement may be made in cash or by delivery of any other asset (such as the right to receive future payments—see the discussion beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-104](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-104)), whether or not that asset is readily convertible to cash. ##### [815-10-15-101](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-101) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:f683a26bb771440bdfd966cb8ea21c6948e97b94e2628d150971d6f2b76570fc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Further considerations in the application of this form of net settlement are addressed as follows: 1. a Net share settlement 2. b Net settlement in the event of nonperformance or default 3. c Structured settlement as net settlement 4. d Net settlement of a debt instrument through exercise of an embedded put option or call option. ##### [815-10-15-102](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-102) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:287119e246be1cd515eaf27a2a0c7518c6cb43b162e8bedbc95dae92f8ab297b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The net settlement criterion as described in paragraph [815-10-15-83(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) and related paragraphs in this Subsection is met if a contract provides for [net share settlement](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/n/#net-share-settlement "The party with a loss delivers to the party with a gain shares with a current fair value equal to the gain.") at the election of either party. Therefore, if either counterparty could net share settle a contract, then it would be considered to have the net settlement characteristic of a derivative instrument regardless of whether the net shares received were readily convertible to cash as described in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119) or were restricted for more than 31 days as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-130](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-130). While this conclusion applies to both investors and issuers of contracts, issuers of those net share settled contracts shall consider whether such contracts qualify for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-74(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74). See Example 5 (paragraph [815-10-55-90](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-90)). ##### [815-10-15-103](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-103) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:0d00fb5710c72599cc8d5b4a9036e3ad10a68667d90f4c82027424b1f0f8004b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Penalties for nonperformance may give a contract the characteristic of net settlement. For example: 1. a A penalty for nonperformance in a purchase order is a net settlement provision if the amount of the penalty is based on changes in the price of the items that are the subject of the contract. 2. b A fixed penalty for nonperformance is not a net settlement provision. 3. c A contract that contains a variable penalty for nonperformance based on changes in the price of the items that are the subject of the contract does not contain a net settlement provision as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) if it also contains an incremental penalty of a fixed amount (or fixed amount per unit) that would be expected to be significant enough at all dates during the remaining term of the contract to make the possibility of nonperformance remote. If a contract includes such a provision, it effectively requires performance, that is, requires the party to deliver an asset that is associated with the underlying. The assessment of the fixed incremental penalty shall be performed only at the contract's inception. The magnitude of the fixed incremental penalty shall be assessed on a standalone basis as a disincentive for nonperformance, not in relation to the overall penalty. 4. d An [asymmetrical default provision](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#asymmetrical-default-provision "A nonperformance penalty provision that requires the defaulting party to compensate the nondefaulting party for any loss incurred but does not allow the defaulting party to receive the effect of favorable price changes.") does not give a commodity forward contract the characteristic described as net settlement beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100). For related implementation guidance, see the discussion beginning in paragraph [815-10-55-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-10). ##### [815-10-15-104](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-104) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:dc2e52c38885c5ba075d563fc86e1e1f66a5c98e3c731c71c0cb208f68bb8037 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Upon settlement of a contract, in lieu of immediate net cash settlement of the gain or loss under the contract, the holder may receive a financial instrument involving terms that would provide for the gain or loss under the contract to be received or paid over a specified time period. A contract that provides for such a structured payout of the gain (or loss) resulting from that contract meets the characteristic of net settlement in paragraphs [815-10-15-100 through 15-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) if the fair value of the cash flows to be received (or paid) by the holder under the structured payout are approximately equal to the amount that would have been received (or paid) if the contract had provided for an immediate payout related to settlement of the gain (or loss) under the contract. The fact that a contract accomplishes settlement by requiring the party in a loss position under the contract to make cash payments over a specified timeframe to the party in a gain position (in lieu of immediate cash settlement of the gain) does not preclude the contract from meeting the characteristic of net settlement in those paragraphs. ##### [815-10-15-105](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-105) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:8cd6955fc1d7877df1df853bcb1a89039be4711f285f86f9bb428e02dc593dd5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract that requires additional investing or borrowing to obtain the benefits of the contract's gain only over time as a traditional adjustment of the yield on the amount invested or the interest element on the amount borrowed does not meet the characteristic of net settlement. ##### [815-10-15-106](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-106) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:0b9cd08a8d0b88e2d5962326dac155a2644f8db396ec8b2873c88a8aec530185 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Contracts that require one party to the contract to invest funds in or borrow funds from the other party so that the party in a gain position under the contract can obtain the value of that gain over time as a nontraditional adjustment of the yield on the amount invested or the interest element on the amount borrowed may meet the characteristic of net settlement. See related implementation guidance beginning in paragraph [815-10-55-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-19). ##### [815-10-15-107](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-107) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:cd96dd31e1507fb924351e3ca33c0ae65f8b785ae38a4c5257e6837754e3d2c3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The potential settlement of the debtor's obligation to the creditor that would occur upon exercise of a put option or call option embedded in a debt instrument meets the net settlement criterion as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) because neither party is required to deliver an asset that is associated with the underlying. Specifically: 1. a The debtor does not receive an asset when it settles the debt obligation in conjunction with exercise of the put option or call option. 2. b The creditor does not receive an asset associated with the underlying. ##### [815-10-15-108](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-108) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:b7c8a4a1d69030de1e38ea3be97931e17ee84d70c3518e2e14b5a81be470e8e0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in the preceding paragraph shall be applied under both of the following circumstances: 1. a When applying paragraph [815-15-25-1(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1) to a put option or call option (including a prepayment option) embedded in a debt instrument 2. b When analyzing the net settlement criterion (see guidance beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100)) for a freestanding call option held by the debtor on its own debt instrument and for a freestanding put option issued by the debtor on its own debt instrument. ##### [815-10-15-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-109) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:3caab2d471b7132e5d61900af549a3560af07c5a9d2dcbda8f6eedb94b3c4e1e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in paragraph [815-10-15-107](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-107) shall not be applied under either of the following circumstances: 1. a To put or call options that are added to a debt instrument by a third party contemporaneously with or after the issuance of a debt instrument. (In that circumstance, see paragraph [815-10-15-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-6).) 2. b By analogy to an embedded put or call option in a hybrid instrument that does not contain a debt host contract. ##### [815-10-15-109A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-109A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:4d74c54ff1733c1ebe47bf227bedb253fc1f36d7aa307e0be96f4b8a31fcb382 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Further considerations are addressed as follows: 1. a Primary characteristics of market mechanism 2. b Indicators of primary characteristics of market mechanism 3. c Effects of an assignment clause on market mechanism 4. d Ongoing evaluation of market mechanism. ##### [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:edd219eda83570d3ee23b0ba77667211f82d129ccf62594d2ba2088517c265fc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this form of net settlement, one of the parties is required to deliver an asset of the type described in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100), but there is an established market mechanism that facilitates net settlement outside the contract. (For example, an exchange that offers a ready opportunity to sell the contract or to enter into an offsetting contract.) Market mechanisms may have different forms. Many derivative instruments are actively traded and can be closed or settled before the contract's expiration or maturity by net settlement in active markets. ##### [815-10-15-111](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-111) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:55d580a36a2fc4123decfeed654a79c3d90edefb54f61b7ad77b853805740343 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The term _market mechanism_ is to be interpreted broadly and includes any institutional arrangement or other agreement having the requisite characteristics. Regardless of its form, an established market mechanism must have all of the following primary characteristics: 1. a It is a means to settle a contract that enables one party to readily liquidate its net position under the contract. A market mechanism is a means to realize the net gain or loss under a particular contract through a net payment. Net settlement may occur in cash or any other asset. A method of settling a contract that results only in a gross exchange or delivery of an asset for cash (or other payment in kind) does not satisfy the requirement that the mechanism facilitate net settlement. 2. b It results in one party to the contract becoming fully relieved of its rights and obligations under the contract. A market mechanism enables one party to the contract to surrender all future rights or avoid all future performance obligations under the contract. Contracts that do not permit assignment of the contract from the original issuer to another party do not meet the characteristic of net settlement through a market mechanism. The ability to enter into an offsetting contract, in and of itself, does not constitute a market mechanism because the rights and obligations from the original contract survive. The fact that an entity has offset its rights and obligations under an original contract with a new contract does not by itself indicate that its rights and obligations under the original contract have been relieved. This applies to contracts regardless of whether either of the following conditions exists: 1. 1 The asset associated with the underlying is financial or nonfinancial. 2. 2 The offsetting contract is entered into with the same counterparty as the original contract or a different counterparty (unless an offsetting contract with the same counterparty relieves the entity of its rights and obligations under the original contract, in which case the arrangement does constitute a market mechanism). (Example 6 \[see paragraph [815-10-55-91](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-91)\] illustrates this guidance.) 3. c Liquidation of the net position does not require significant transaction costs. For purposes of assessing whether a market mechanism exists, an entity shall consider transaction costs to be significant if they are 10 percent or more of the fair value of the contract. Whether assets deliverable under a group of futures contracts exceeds the amount of assets that could rapidly be absorbed by the market without significantly affecting the price is not relevant to this characteristic. The lack of a liquid market for a group of contracts does not affect the determination of whether there is a market mechanism that facilitates net settlement because the test focuses on a singular contract. An exchange offers a ready opportunity to sell each contract, thereby providing relief of the rights and obligations under each contract. The possible reduction in price due to selling a large futures position is not considered to be a transaction cost. 4. d Liquidation of the net position under the contract occurs without significant negotiation and due diligence and occurs within a time frame that is customary for settlement of the type of contract. A market mechanism facilitates easy and expedient settlement of the contract. As discussed under the primary characteristic in (a), those qualities of a market mechanism do not preclude net settlement in assets other than cash. ##### [815-10-15-112](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-112) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:0945ded0168676e06a357804cd689cafd384ab50a6df178f6cd4a7e05912cb47 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [815-10-15-113](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-113) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:e9b6d60e9515ca234823f93cab7a9b1d2f1014d026fd054afb429d3c0281bdb4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entities shall consider the indicators in the following paragraph for each of the primary characteristics in determining whether a method of settling a contract qualifies as an established market mechanism. All of the indicators need not be present for an entity to conclude that a market mechanism exists for a particular contract. ##### [815-10-15-114](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-114) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:73d28e79259a7da45574c2943d919a9febe7191af97cf521fff233a9ff765e1b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following are indicators that the primary characteristic in paragraph [815-10-15-111(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-111) is met: 1. a Access to potential counterparties is available regardless of the seller's size or market position. 2. b Risks assumed by a market maker as a result of acquiring a contract can be transferred by a means other than by repackaging the original contract into a different form. ##### [815-10-15-115](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-115) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:82bcea38da2fb91c49c77c19cab56d6b8cdcb426813c00150fae0c1cbbef55ec Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following are indicators that the primary characteristic in paragraph [815-10-15-111(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-111) is met: 1. a There are multiple market participants willing and able to enter into a transaction at market prices to assume the seller's rights and obligations under a contract. 2. b There is sufficient liquidity in the market for the contract, as indicated by the transaction volume as well as a relatively narrow observable [bid-ask spread](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#bid-ask-spread "A bid-ask spread is the difference between the highest price a buyer will pay to acquire an instrument and the lowest price at which any investor will sell an instrument."). ##### [815-10-15-116](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-116) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:35a70da92668b8d9a945100ff07147d7a43fd124423fd8ede8ccf56d1293a7c1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following are indicators that primary characteristic in paragraph [815-10-15-111(d)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-111) is met: 1. a Binding prices for the contract are readily obtainable. 2. b Transfers of the instrument involve standardized documentation (rather than contracts with entity-specific modifications) and standardized settlement procedures. 3. c Individual contract sales do not require significant negotiation and unique structuring. 4. d The closing period is not extensive because of the need to permit legal consultation and document review. ##### [815-10-15-117](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-117) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:685028d3050c5781ec7179da0d3dcb82760f4e898be12cc162a1feb53e24710a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As noted in the primary characteristic in paragraph [815-10-15-111(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-111), an assessment of the substance of any assignment clause is required to determine whether that assignment clause precludes a party from being relieved of all rights and obligations under the contract. Although permission to assign a contract shall not be unreasonably withheld by the counterparty in accordance with the terms of a contract, an assignment feature cannot be viewed simply as a formality because it may be invoked at any time to prevent the nonassigning party from being exposed to unacceptable credit or performance risk. Accordingly, the existence of an assignment clause may or may not permit a party from being relieved of its rights and obligations under the contract. If it is remote that the counterparty will withhold permission to assign the contract, the mere existence of the clause shall not preclude the contract from possessing the net settlement characteristic described in paragraph [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) as a market mechanism. Such a determination requires assessing whether a sufficient number of acceptable potential assignees exist in the marketplace such that assignment of the contract would not result in imposing unacceptable [credit risk](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#credit-risk "For purposes of a hedged item in a fair value hedge, credit risk is the risk of changes in the hedged item's fair value attributable to both of the following: Changes in the obligor's creditworthiness Changes in the spread over the benchmark interest ratewith respect to the hedged item's credit sector at inception of the hedge. For purposes of a hedged transaction in a cash flow hedge, credit risk is the risk of changes in the hedged transaction's cash flows attributable to all of the following: Default Changes in the obligor's creditworthiness Changes in the spread over the contractually specified interest rate or the benchmark interest rate with respect to the related financial asset's or liability's credit sector at inception of the hedge.") or performance risk on the nonassigning party. Consideration shall be given to past counterparty and industry practices regarding whether permission to be relieved of all rights and obligations under similar contracts has previously been withheld. However, if it is reasonably possible or probable that the counterparty will withhold permission to assign the contract, the contract does not possess the net settlement characteristic described in paragraph [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) as a market mechanism. ##### [815-10-15-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-118) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:5f94f1c41e5e509ee14716eb6cd5e04080f28acd2c12b35a5105b7f3c2a17241 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The evaluation of whether a market mechanism exists shall be performed at inception and on an ongoing basis throughout a contract's life. Example 4, Case A (see paragraph [815-10-55-86](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-86)) illustrates this guidance. ##### [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:44efc21d8645fa486c7eaf4c7f6202bd059e397d39a7a8876ccb9d16f4cdcc9e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this form of net settlement, one of the parties is required to deliver an asset of the type described in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100), but that asset is readily convertible to cash or is itself a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-15-120](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-120) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:bf5b84519bd7e042ce5f8ce3375e7f3151eaaf52453ea462deba1e50035481bf Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An example of a contract with this form of net settlement is a forward contract that requires delivery of an exchange-traded equity security. Even though the number of shares to be delivered is the same as the notional amount of the contract and the price of the shares is the underlying, an exchange-traded security is readily convertible to cash. Another example is a swaption—an option to require delivery of a swap contract, which is a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-15-121](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-121) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:ae91c59f0ddb930b4ba91d89d3e64bbc777d080fa4bc181ea1fbda57c2136c61 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Examples of assets that are readily convertible to cash include a security or commodity traded in an active market and a unit of foreign currency that is readily convertible into the functional currency of the reporting entity. ##### [815-10-15-122](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-122) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:6c52796ffc53ec5d1198495b6296fadaa0ae5c65761fa3297d579e01ecc76ed2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An asset (whether financial or nonfinancial) shall be considered to be readily convertible to cash only if the net amount of cash that would be received from a sale of the asset in an active market is either equal to or not significantly less than the amount an entity would typically have received under a net settlement provision. The net amount that would be received upon sale need not be equal to the amount typically received under a net settlement provision. Parties generally should be indifferent as to whether they exchange cash or the assets associated with the underlying, although the term _indifferent_ is not intended to imply an approximate equivalence between net settlement and proceeds from sale in an active market. ##### [815-10-15-123](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-123) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:abf9794eddd30df1394678ffcbb2a0f0050a91bfb80ab988688da312d5fea0f1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The form of a financial instrument is important; individual instruments cannot be combined for evaluation purposes to circumvent compliance with the criteria beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119). Example 8 (see paragraph [815-10-55-111](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-111)) illustrates this guidance. ##### [815-10-15-124](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-124) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:bc49a37dd3e17ec1c4cf32e3f4140a65ee65646abdfd48467fce06e262a4b19e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Discussion of additional matters relevant to this form of net settlement is organized as follows: 1. a Effect of conversion costs 2. b Contracts involving multiple deliveries 3. c Asset's suitability as collateral does not equate to asset being readily convertible to cash 4. d Determining whether shares of stock are readily convertible to cash 5. e Ongoing evaluation of readily convertible to cash. ##### [815-10-15-125](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-125) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:a6ed4bea3925b55e6b8b8bb99a1cdc412dc4c9cd132c2e85f7e22f47d1790ee1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If an entity determines that the estimated costs that would be incurred to immediately convert the asset to cash are not significant, then receipt of that asset puts the entity in a position not substantially different from net settlement. Therefore, an entity shall evaluate, in part, the significance of the estimated costs of converting the asset to cash in determining whether those assets are readily convertible to cash. ##### [815-10-15-126](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-126) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:aa6abb114705d20f2838246f5a71f06433e1171c09b24441006be75bf0343141 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For purposes of assessing significance of such costs, an entity shall consider those estimated conversion costs to be significant only if they are 10 percent or more of the gross sales proceeds (based on the spot price at the inception of the contract) that would be received from the sale of those assets in the closest or most economical active market. ##### [815-10-15-127](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-127) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:64352e39c818ee48a5fc43f84a7f1d0ebf8c7c3f6e8495213192bfead907d660 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The assessment of the significance of those conversion costs shall be performed only at inception of the contract. ##### [815-10-15-128](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-128) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:a74fd8dcda45fc6864ade4d885c1577234ed13733e8d27e21eb23a87001a4118 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For contracts that involve multiple deliveries of the asset, the phrase _in an active market that can rapidly absorb the quantity held by the entity_ in the definition of _readily convertible to cash_ shall be applied separately to the expected quantity in each delivery. ##### [815-10-15-129](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-129) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:b0b9a3f7e41dd40895f8a3b5ac08eb09dc4689a6272367338e765740cba0b3d9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The ability to use a security that is not publicly traded or an agricultural or mineral product without an active market as collateral in a borrowing does not, in and of itself, mean that the security or the commodity is readily convertible to cash. ##### [815-10-15-130](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-130) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:50b1ce25a7d59946c12df84249071fbdf4267daea521cbd09e0cd632a00c6a74 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A security that is publicly traded but for which the market is not very active is readily convertible to cash if the number of shares or other units of the security to be exchanged is small relative to the daily transaction volume. That same security would not be readily convertible if the number of shares to be exchanged is large relative to the daily transaction volume. ##### [815-10-15-131](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-131) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:88c21f3bcc8ad4caa6dbb742e10e8010b6901299e788e79243678b4751294f0f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Shares of stock in a publicly traded entity to be received upon the exercise of a stock purchase warrant do not meet the characteristic of being readily convertible to cash if both of the following conditions exist: 1. a The stock purchase warrant is issued by an entity for only its own stock (or stock of its consolidated subsidiaries). 2. b  The sale or transfer of the issued shares is restricted (other than in connection with being pledged as collateral) for a period of 32 days or more from the date the stock purchase warrant is exercised. ##### [815-10-15-132](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-132) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:154414d95a81d112e5dcf6b15757ff69af7e3c7dd1f9492b387a49578179511e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Restrictions imposed by a stock purchase warrant on the sale or transfer of shares of stock that are received from the exercise of that warrant issued by an entity for other than its own stock (whether those restrictions are for more or less than 32 days) do not affect the determination of whether those shares are readily convertible to cash. The accounting for restricted stock to be received upon exercise of a stock purchase warrant shall not be analogized to any other type of contract. ##### [815-10-15-133](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-133) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:6a5aca783d7121db6a12aa1fea28bfa0925b9ce6a170cfb91f12cf4bac9c10f7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Newly outstanding shares of common stock in a publicly traded company to be received upon exercise of a stock purchase warrant cannot be considered readily convertible to cash if, upon issuance of the shares, the sale or transfer of the shares is restricted (other than in connection with being pledged as collateral) for more than 31 days from the date the stock purchase warrant is exercised (not the date the warrant is issued), unless the holder has the power by contract or otherwise to cause the requirement to be met within 31 days of the date the stock purchase warrant is exercised. ##### [815-10-15-134](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-134) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:9270b260323f50b2dcd1cca4ee89b2ddaa9452d08fe4729f7609e3e32926b4f3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In contrast, if the sale of an actively traded security is restricted for 31 days or less from the date the stock purchase warrants are exercised, that limitation is not considered sufficiently significant to serve as an impediment to considering the shares to be received upon exercise of those stock purchase warrants as readily convertible to cash. ##### [815-10-15-135](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-135) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:7f62259d960063dfb1f818498d161751da0c8a01b4e4e1e693ff2149fb7c3ade Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance that a restriction for more than 31 days prevents the shares from being considered readily convertible to cash applies only to stock purchase warrants issued by an entity for its own shares of stock, in which case the shares being issued upon exercise are newly outstanding (including issuance of treasury shares) and are restricted with respect to their sale or transfer for a specified period of time beginning on the date the stock purchase warrant is exercised. ##### [815-10-15-136](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-136) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:72a6f158fcb3beba33cd34d915b959b680e477ed0d17cdd765c4200da2bb4f05 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. However, even if the sale or transfer of the shares is restricted for 31 days or less after the stock purchase warrant is exercised, an entity still must evaluate both of the following criteria: 1. a Whether an active market can rapidly absorb the quantity of stock to be received upon exercise of the warrant without significantly affecting the price 2. b Whether the other estimated costs to convert the stock to cash are expected to be not significant. (The assessment of the significance of those conversion costs shall be performed only at inception of the contract.) Thus, the guidance in paragraph [815-10-15-122](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-122) shall be applied to those stock purchase warrants with sale or transfer restrictions of 31 days or less on the shares of stock. ##### [815-10-15-137](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-137) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:515bd60201978ecec198bd4add5bda254b330a625fa09f527cd7059e0f4ea759 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the shares of an actively traded common stock to be received upon exercise of the stock purchase warrant can be reasonably expected to qualify for sale within 31 days of their receipt, such as may be the case under SEC Rule 144, Selling Restricted and Control Securities, or similar rules of the SEC, any initial sales restriction is not an impediment to considering those shares as _readily convertible to cash_, as that phrase is used in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119). (However, a restriction on the sale or transfer of shares of stock that are received from an entity other than the issuer of that stock through the exercise of another option or the settlement of a forward contract is not an impediment to considering those shares readily convertible to cash, regardless of whether the restriction is for a period that is more or less than 32 days from the date of exercise or settlement.) ##### [815-10-15-138](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-138) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:9bac8c7c6f3faa854314bad9ad073a14edf8662507e232248f1d2283677aa1a5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-10-15-141](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-141) explains that the guidance in the Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities Subsections applies to those warrants that are not derivative instruments subject to this Topic but that involve the acquisition of securities that will be accounted for under either Topic 320 or Topic 321. However, such warrants are not eligible to be hedging instruments. ##### [815-10-15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-139) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:d8496f29645ac785c1c1e8fec65aaa5e0d56cbfea2375c4003a1babd2e8ef584 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The evaluation of whether items to be delivered under a contract are readily convertible to cash shall be performed at inception and on an ongoing basis throughout a contract's life (except that, as stated in paragraph [815-10-15-127](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-127), the assessment of the significance of those conversion costs shall be performed only at inception of the contract). Example 4, Cases B, C, and D (see paragraphs [815-10-55-87 through 55-89](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-87) ) illustrate this guidance. ### Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities #### Overall Guidance ##### [815-10-15-140](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-140) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:97375d2b6bfa54f9f1005f77e374f36f2f73441530730b199f8143292b70cfbe Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in the Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities Subsections applies to all entities, with specific instrument qualifications noted below. #### Instruments ##### [815-10-15-141](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-141) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:e4502ae69c56f0e3a7514709b9398d6d662f5d5d12c80c506596c9b779a142f1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in the Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities Subsections applies only to those forward contracts and purchased options having all of the following characteristics: 1. a The contract is entered into to purchase securities that will be accounted for under either Topic 320 or Topic 321. 2. b The contract's terms require physical settlement of the contract by delivery of the securities. 3. c The contract is not a [derivative instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument.") otherwise subject to this Subtopic. 4. d The contract, if a purchased option, has no intrinsic value at acquisition. ##### [815-10-15-141A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-141A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:228ad0763151036868f8e2515222b4ea3476efc4660085092defb6b5ead0b44a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For the purposes of applying paragraph [815-10-15-141(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-141) for forward contracts and purchased options, an entity shall not consider whether, upon the settlement of the forward contract or the exercise of the purchased option, individually or with existing investments, the underlying securities would be accounted for under either of the following: 1. a The equity method in accordance with Topic 323 2. b The fair value option in accordance with Topic 825 if those securities otherwise would have been accounted for under Topic 323. ##### [815-10-15-142](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-142) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:00.242Z Record version: sha256:54524a62b570a6217a9a3164c2273e80409d5ae21f2f72b4c2457453a74ecf8f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in the Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities Subsections does not apply to contracts involving securities not within the scope of either Topic 320 or Topic 321, after considering the guidance in paragraph [815-10-15-141A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-141A). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:18ca49cb5ebe46e61a98c66aac9a3731d4717c68af608baf55aae571ad1a8eb0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#25-recognition) SEC content: no ##### [815-10-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:e311547c6cef103fe99aea2619de4dbc8c086e93554dab916051d789cbcceaf2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall recognize all of its [derivative instruments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument.") in its statement of financial position as either assets or liabilities depending on the rights or obligations under the contracts. ##### [815-10-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:961e9f192de57a9390306ca385896ee9de905f3ce96a81a7b5e712fbcca25511 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a contract that did not meet the definition of a derivative instrument at acquisition by the entity meets the definition of a derivative instrument after acquisition by the entity, the contract shall be recognized immediately as either an asset or liability with the offsetting entry recorded in earnings. ##### [815-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:3a990cf2897915664bcafc21e106ba98024b40a8817650e771371542040216f1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a contract ceases to be a derivative instrument pursuant to this Subtopic and an asset or liability had been recorded for that contract, the carrying amount of that contract becomes its cost basis and the entity shall apply other generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) that are applicable to that contract prospectively from the date that the contract ceased to be a derivative instrument. If the derivative instrument had been designated in a cash flow hedging relationship and a gain or loss is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, then the guidance in Sections 815-30-35 and 815-30-40 shall be applied accordingly. ##### [815-10-25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:e879967e56c014983606f68f20de86a2ea6b3605dd37a2d9e014d0636c26d681 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Synthetic instrument accounting](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/s/#synthetic-instrument-accounting "Synthetic instrument accounting views two or more distinct financial instruments (generally a cash instrument and a derivative instrument) as having synthetically created another single cash instrument. The objective of synthetic instrument accounting is to present those multiple instruments in the financial statements as if they were the single instrument that the entity sought to create. Paragraph 815-10-25-4 states that synthetic instrument accounting is prohibited.") is prohibited. ##### [815-10-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-5) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:6432e984d375facacc5d19c9c1439f3968798c9990dcf79350406a89920d8f53 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The remainder of this Section addresses the following matters: 1. a Unit of accounting for recognition purposes 2. b [Subparagraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). 3. c Forward commitment dollar rolls 4. d Derivative financial instruments subject to a [registration payment arrangement](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#registration-payment-arrangement "An arrangement with both of the following characteristics: It specifies that the issuer will endeavor to do either of the following: File a registration statement for the resale of specified financial instruments and/or for the resale of equity shares that are issuable upon exercise or conversion of specified financial instruments and for that registration statement to be declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (or other applicable securities regulator if the registration statement will be filed in a foreign jurisdiction) within a specified grace period Maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement for a specified period of time (or in perpetuity). It requires the issuer to transfer consideration to the counterparty if the registration statement for the resale of the financial instrument or instruments subject to the arrangement is not declared effective or if effectiveness of the registration statement is not maintained. That consideration may be payable in a lump sum or it may be payable periodically, and the form of the consideration may vary. For example, the consideration may be in the form of cash, equity instruments, or adjustments to the terms of the financial instrument or instruments that are subject to the registration payment arrangement (such as an increased interest rate on a debt instrument)."). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [606-10-65-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/606/10/#606-10-65-3)The remainder of this Section addresses the following matters: 1. a Unit of accounting for recognition purposes 2. b [Subparagraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). 3. c Forward commitment dollar rolls 4. d Derivative financial instruments subject to a [registration payment arrangement](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#registration-payment-arrangement "An arrangement with both of the following characteristics: It specifies that the issuer will endeavor to do either of the following: File a registration statement for the resale of specified financial instruments and/or for the resale of equity shares that are issuable upon exercise or conversion of specified financial instruments and for that registration statement to be declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (or other applicable securities regulator if the registration statement will be filed in a foreign jurisdiction) within a specified grace period Maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement for a specified period of time (or in perpetuity). It requires the issuer to transfer consideration to the counterparty if the registration statement for the resale of the financial instrument or instruments subject to the arrangement is not declared effective or if effectiveness of the registration statement is not maintained. That consideration may be payable in a lump sum or it may be payable periodically, and the form of the consideration may vary. For example, the consideration may be in the form of cash, equity instruments, or adjustments to the terms of the financial instrument or instruments that are subject to the registration payment arrangement (such as an increased interest rate on a debt instrument).") 5. e Share-based noncash consideration from a customer for the transfer of goods or services under Topic 606 6. f Share-based noncash consideration from a counterparty for the transfer of nonfinancial assets or in substance nonfinancial assets under Subtopic 610-20. #### Unit of Accounting for Recognition Purposes ##### [815-10-25-5A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-5A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:ff537d0e68213dea9d610bd579bfc7aab917f37dedefed937850bf57d1c7477c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section addresses the following unit of accounting questions with respect to recognition: 1. a Viewing two freestanding derivative instruments as a unit. Whether two or more contracts that are derivative instruments within the scope application of this Subtopic should be viewed as a unit for recognition and other purposes—including for hedge accounting purposes—is addressed beginning in paragraph [815-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-6). 2. b Viewing combinations of options as separate options or as a single forward contract. Whether combinations of options that individually are within the scope application of this Subtopic or Subtopic 815-15 should be viewed as separate options or as a single forward is addressed beginning in paragraph [815-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-7). ##### [815-10-25-5B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-5B) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:d49cab9af071e4c1312d9ac6993c6b37bea11ec59621a994946021be9c54231e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-10-15-4A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-4A) explains that Section 815-10-15 addresses the following unit of accounting questions on scope: 1. a Viewing a contract as freestanding or embedded. Whether a feature should be viewed as freestanding or embedded in determining the scope application of this Subtopic and Subtopic 815-15 is addressed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-5). 2. b Viewing two or more contracts as a unit in applying the scope of this Subtopic. Whether two or more legally separate transactions should be viewed as a unit in determining the scope application of this Subtopic is addressed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-8). ##### [815-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:d8f81b36a81f42edf703d93a83aa9997916a5a1265c71e9fd67110af488dd240 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic generally does not provide for the combination of separate financial instruments to be evaluated as a unit, unless, pursuant to paragraph [815-20-25-45](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-45), two or more derivative instruments in combination are jointly designated as a hedging instrument. If separate derivative instruments have all of the following characteristics, judgment shall be applied to determine whether the separate derivative instruments have been entered into in lieu of a structured [transaction](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#transaction "An external event involving transfer of something of value (future economic benefit) between two (or more) entities. (See FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements.)(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9An external event involving transfer of something of value (future economic benefit) between two (or more) entities.") in an effort to circumvent GAAP: 1. a They are entered into contemporaneously and in contemplation of one another. (See Example 18 \[paragraph [815-10-55-171](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-171)\] for an illustration.) 2. b They are entered into with the same counterparty. 3. c They relate to the same risk. 4. d There is no substantive business purpose for structuring the transactions separately. If such a determination is made, the derivative instruments shall be viewed as a unit. ##### [815-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:ceb2760183788475d2ab6d76c09e50665bddf06d7498ba1152ac4917bbeaa90c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance addresses a combination of two options—one that is a purchased call (put) option and another that is a written put (call) option—having all of the following characteristics: 1. a They have the same strike price, [notional amount](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/n/#notional-amount "A number of currency units, shares, bushels, pounds, or other units specified in a derivative instrument. Sometimes other names are used. For example, the notional amount is called a face amount in some contracts."), and exercise date. 2. b They have the same [underlying](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/u/#underlying "A specified interest rate, security price, commodity price, foreign exchange rate, index of prices or rates, or other variable (including the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a specified event such as a scheduled payment under a contract). An underlying may be a price or rate of an asset or liability but is not the asset or liability itself. An underlying is a variable that, along with either a notional amount or a payment provision, determines the settlement of a derivative instrument."). 3. c Neither is required to be exercised. ##### [815-10-25-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:e5fd8cf0d8d2c2773c8ad4690eeba0b4fb6c301b1dd9c4071565b7cb63148b00 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance addresses such options in two contexts: 1. a Combinations of two freestanding options or a freestanding and embedded option 2. b Combinations of two embedded options. ##### [815-10-25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:bc6f53061db591b22c9f8f9cbd93e6df73463518b09ba236251f13b80b4b1ebc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Derivative instruments that are transferable are, by their nature, separate and distinct contracts. Accordingly, a separate [freestanding](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#freestanding-contract "A freestanding contract is entered into either: Separate and apart from any of the entity's other financial instruments or equity transactions In conjunction with some other transaction and is legally detachable and separately exercisable.") purchased call (put) option and written put (call) option with all of the characteristics in paragraph [815-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-7) convey rights and obligations that are distinct whether involving the same or different counterparties and do not warrant bundling as a single forward contract for accounting purposes under this Subtopic by any party to the contracts. (The separate purchased option and written option can be viewed in combination and jointly designated as the hedging instrument pursuant to paragraph [815-20-25-45](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-45).) ##### [815-10-25-9A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-9A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:147aa53ca62df5053e38da1a30e3de328aa8231ab0fe93a589c0e7e4fc94c3a8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A combination of a freestanding purchased call (put) option and a freestanding or embedded (nontransferable) written put (call) option shall be considered for accounting purposes as separate option contracts, rather than a single forward contract, by both parties to the contracts even though all of the following conditions are met: 1. a The options have the same terms. 2. b The options have the same underlying. 3. c The options are entered into contemporaneously with the same counterparty at inception. ##### [815-10-25-9B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-9B) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:0d2a09430378896607e0e77d38bb2d29b6ecdeae51e92003b6212446a36a2174 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Both a combination of a freestanding purchased call (put) option and a freestanding or embedded (nontransferable) written put (call) option and a combination of a freestanding written call (put) option and an embedded (nontransferable) purchased put (call) option shall be considered for accounting purposes as separate option contracts, rather than a single forward contract, by both parties to the contracts even though all of the following conditions are met: 1. a The options have the same terms. 2. b The options have the same underlying. 3. c The options are entered into contemporaneously with different counterparties at inception. ##### [815-10-25-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:d4f627dce1c531dd3bcb7a424e8a646ad883d355fc46504b91c0d7a64a5dff3f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A combination of an embedded (nontransferable) purchased call (put) option and an embedded (nontransferable) written put (call) option in a single [hybrid instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/h/#hybrid-instrument "A contract that embodies both an embedded derivative and a host contract.") with all of the characteristics in paragraph [815-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-7)and that are entered into contemporaneously with the same counterparty shall be considered as a single forward contract for purposes of applying the provisions of this Subtopic. The notion of the same counterparty encompasses contracts entered into directly with a single counterparty and contracts entered into with a single party that are structured through an intermediary. (Note that a share of stock being puttable by the holder and callable by the issuer under the same terms does not render the stock mandatorily redeemable under the provisions of Topic 480.) Topic 480 requires that [mandatorily redeemable financial instruments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/m/#mandatorily-redeemable-financial-instrument "Any of various financial instruments issued in the form of shares that embody an unconditional obligation requiring the issuer to redeem the instrument by transferring its assets at a specified or determinable date (or dates) or upon an event that is certain to occur.") be classified as liabilities. ##### [815-10-25-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:a834d1618de19941d4923df41e35ab3b3f413090702c6af53a76125c3b44eae3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The embedded options are in substance an embedded forward contract because they meet both of the following conditions: 1. a They convey rights (to the holder) and obligations (to the writer) that are equivalent from an economic and risk perspective to an embedded forward contract. 2. b They cannot be separated from the hybrid instrument in which they are embedded. ##### [815-10-25-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:1228abac273aa897d7b61a5147fc14bd6d48de97ff8f515f60cefeac5fe4a251 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Even though neither party is required to exercise its purchased option, the result of the overall structure is a hybrid instrument that will likely be redeemed at a point earlier than its stated maturity. That result is expected by both the hybrid instrument's issuer and investor regardless of whether the embedded feature that triggers the redemption is in the form of two separate options or a single forward contract. ##### [815-10-25-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:eb7eb04086c4a3e1c1efefbd2d062b8853dcc35c7b3540683fcd14fa369aeea9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. However, if either party is required to exercise its purchased option before the stated maturity date of the hybrid instrument, the hybrid instrument shall not be viewed for accounting purposes as containing one or more [embedded derivatives](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#embedded-derivative "Implicit or explicit terms that affect some or all of the cash flows or the value of other exchanges required by a contract in a manner similar to a derivative instrument."). In substance, the debtor (issuer) and creditor (investor) have agreed to terms that accelerate the stated maturity of the hybrid instrument and the exercise date of the option is essentially the hybrid instrument's actual maturity date. As a result, it is inappropriate to characterize the hybrid instrument as containing either of the following: 1. a Two embedded option contracts that are exercisable only on the actual maturity date 2. b An embedded forward contract that is a combination of an embedded purchased call (put) and a written put (call) with the same terms. ##### [815-10-25-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:f859c326dff2fa44c059d37f4d7eb53c13c4744446f7f544bf74da1376d367b9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). #### Forward Commitment Dollar Rolls ##### [815-10-25-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:10dfda883df47eabd0b93397f0c4796854bbe4143e7060e84342f75730a80b8a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forward commitment dollar rolls that are not otherwise subject to this Subtopic's provisions shall be recognized as either assets or liabilities depending on the rights or obligations under the contracts. #### Derivative Financial Instruments Subject to a Registration Payment Arrangement ##### [815-10-25-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:e16dc09d3ca0cd20e4267dfa0a1b6b44bbb99b9f814fe00d3b6afd8d73f54cae Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraphs [825-20-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/825/20/#825-20-25-2) and [825-20-30-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/825/20/#825-20-30-2) require that a [financial instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#financial-instrument "Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. All contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments meet the definition of asset (liability) set forth in FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, although some may not be recognized as assets (liabilities) in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity. (P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. Some contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments may not be recognized in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity.") subject to a registration payment arrangement be recognized and measured in accordance with other applicable GAAP (for example, this Subtopic) without regard to the contingent obligation to transfer consideration pursuant to the registration payment arrangement. That is, those paragraphs require that an entity recognize and measure a registration payment arrangement as a separate unit of account from the financial instrument(s) subject to that arrangement. #### Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer for the Transfer of Goods or Services under Topic 606 ##### [815-10-25-16A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-16A) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:252a76b44c2704644dfaf8978e428f2c588ccddac981664c1c198b213b6b76ea Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [606-10-65-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/606/10/#606-10-65-3)An entity shall not apply the guidance in this Topic to share-based noncash consideration from a customer for the transfer of goods or services unless and until the entity’s right to receive or retain the share-based noncash consideration is unconditional under Topic 606 in accordance with paragraph [606-10-15-3A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/606/10/#606-10-15-3A). #### Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Counterparty for the Transfer of Nonfinancial Assets or In Substance Nonfinancial Assets under Subtopic 610-20 ##### [815-10-25-16B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-16B) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:851325f3f4d935a3e506f941d5fba0228458f79fe56e558f809ef259aab810e3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [606-10-65-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/606/10/#606-10-65-3)An entity shall not apply the guidance in this Topic to share-based noncash consideration from a counterparty for the transfer of nonfinancial assets or in substance nonfinancial assets unless and until the entity’s right to receive or retain the share-based noncash consideration is unconditional under Subtopic 610-20 in accordance with paragraph [610-20-15-3A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/610/20/#610-20-15-3A). ### Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities ##### [815-10-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:4423d760ea8a2dc7fb6b6616c6774c46307bd78309ae1f70b0747d32ec8d0ec7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forward contracts and purchased options on debt securities within the scope of this Subsection (see the [Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities Subsection](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) of Section 815-10-15) shall, at inception, be designated as held to maturity, available for sale, or [trading](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#trading "An activity involving securities sold in the near term and held for only a short period of time. The term trading contemplates a holding period generally measured in hours and days rather than months or years. See paragraph 948-310-40-1 for clarification of the term trading for a mortgage banking entity.") in a manner consistent with the accounting prescribed by Topic 320 for debt securities. Such forward and option contracts are not eligible to be hedging instruments. ##### [815-10-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:04.738Z Record version: sha256:db4931c03a1a5e5f401c879bef7dbc8dab78b0d9dae1d13e3e93d58c39c51627 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forward contracts and purchased options on equity securities within the scope of this Subsection (see the [Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities Subsection](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) of Section 815-10-15) shall, at inception, be recognized in a manner consistent with the accounting prescribed by Topic 321 for equity securities. Such forward and option contracts are not eligible to be hedging instruments. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z Record version: sha256:d0889d37a8dfbf52c9a599e36684ac83b2b561ceb6a768bde5fd181b89be772b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-30: 30 Initial Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#30-initial-measurement) SEC content: no ##### [815-10-30-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-30-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z Record version: sha256:82354cf1f8c4a281a86d279e0f75ea39c62ff77769d64068d796926712e6be99 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. All derivative instruments shall be measured initially at [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date."). ##### [815-10-30-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-30-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z Record version: sha256:329f6fae4e04ec76ecbf103526bc6b0e9cc8b27b2da253e7a9bb8f89d43ec8e1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). #### Contract that Is a Derivative Instrument After Acquisition ##### [815-10-30-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-30-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z Record version: sha256:f8248b279b880665d6355cc209263953801f44997a304b8a7588e4dea1269241 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract recognized under paragraph [815-10-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-25-2) because it meets the definition of a derivative instrument after acquisition by an entity shall be measured initially at its then-current fair value. #### Forward Commitment Dollar Rolls ##### [815-10-30-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-30-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z Record version: sha256:f408dc86aa61d4516a40caaccc0173e5eb49d63543a75aff11593b023108c6ad Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A [forward commitment dollar roll](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#forward-commitment-dollar-roll "See Government National Mortgage Association Rolls.") that is not subject otherwise to this Subtopic's provisions shall be measured initially at fair value. ### Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities ##### [815-10-30-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-30-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z Record version: sha256:6ec467a5aa773e38f903f195281fcfd721a23f51b9353ccf66c40cc837ed7950 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forward contracts and purchased options on debt securities within the scope of this Subsection designated as held to maturity, available for sale, or [trading](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#trading "An activity involving securities sold in the near term and held for only a short period of time. The term trading contemplates a holding period generally measured in hours and days rather than months or years. See paragraph 948-310-40-1 for clarification of the term trading for a mortgage banking entity.") shall be measured initially in a manner consistent with the accounting prescribed by Topic 320 for that category of securities. ##### [815-10-30-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-30-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:07.016Z Record version: sha256:4dae2283399065e9e5dff246c321ac615f1be8a3d7714770b90c17c99dc63894 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forward contracts and purchased options on equity securities within the scope of this Subsection shall be measured initially in a manner consistent with the accounting prescribed by Topic 321. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:fff333ba5a92da05f7530cd8db8f4300645d9ae2fa65d0f5f13ca40d9a11a05a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-35: 35 Subsequent Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#35-subsequent-measurement) SEC content: no ##### [815-10-35-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:6a21915074cfedae11dc559b05150df512639e5c28fd13cc8341e6bc72863da3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. All derivative instruments shall be measured subsequently at [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date."). ##### [815-10-35-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-1A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:230e3504a9ec6978314ba38befc5bd1369f076d29652648efdca26004496e2cc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As a practical expedient, a receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap for which the simplified hedge accounting approach (see paragraphs [815-20-25-133 through 25-138](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-133) for scope) is applied may be measured subsequently at settlement value instead of fair value. ##### [815-10-35-1B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-1B) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:05a5d6232407f02516962def5f06235be36d8822af3a7bacfff6ee137ceb94f7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The primary difference between settlement value and fair value is that [nonperformance risk](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/n/#nonperformance-risk "The risk that an entity will not fulfill an obligation. Nonperformance risk includes, but may not be limited to, the reporting entity's own credit risk.") is not considered in determining settlement value. One approach for estimating the receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap's settlement value is to perform a present value calculation of the swap's remaining estimated cash flows using a valuation technique that is not adjusted for nonperformance risk. ##### [815-10-35-1C](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-1C) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:83e2e393a437c13d83a98dfe2c8f2ff54222615b0fb237421e54acf3f3b2816b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If any of the conditions in paragraph [815-20-25-131D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-131D) for applying the simplified hedge accounting approach subsequently cease to be met or the relationship otherwise ceases to qualify for hedge accounting, the General Subsections of this Topic shall apply at the date of change and on a prospective basis. For example, if the related variable-rate borrowing is prepaid without terminating the receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap, the gain or loss on the swap in accumulated other comprehensive income shall be reclassified to earnings in accordance with paragraphs [815-30-40-1 through 40-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/30/#815-30-40-1) with the swap measured at fair value on the date of change and subsequent changes in fair value reported in earnings in accordance with paragraph [815-10-35-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-2). Similarly, if the receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap is terminated early without the related variable-rate borrowing being prepaid, the gain or loss on the swap in accumulated other comprehensive income shall be reclassified to earnings in accordance with paragraphs [815-30-40-1 through 40-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/30/#815-30-40-1) . ##### [815-10-35-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:5a1d1cf3bdf9967879f86554008150ee2dcae3110ac24dfcc28811e5f0213ec7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The accounting for changes in the fair value (that is, gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, if so, on the reason for holding it. Subtopic 815-20 discusses the accounting for the gain or loss on a derivative instrument that is designated as a hedging instrument. Except as noted in the following paragraph, the gain or loss on a derivative instrument not designated as a hedging instrument shall be recognized currently in earnings. ##### [815-10-35-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:d08ccf64e0a18569b28fb7e53823fb07eec61744b80d1713a852680a2fbd4314 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that does not report earnings as a separate caption in a statement of financial performance (for example, a not-for-profit entity \[NFP\] or a defined benefit pension plan) shall recognize the gain or loss on a nonhedging derivative instrument as a change in net assets in the period of change. #### Forward Commitment Dollar Rolls ##### [815-10-35-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:51fd7fd8d6b12edc904854076a5c50127eb2c1a4d3aacce769280d5feb2850d5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A [forward commitment dollar roll](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#forward-commitment-dollar-roll "See Government National Mortgage Association Rolls.") that is not subject otherwise to this Subtopic's provisions shall be measured subsequently at fair value. ### Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities ##### [815-10-35-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:a0e919a5bb5e0242af33bae77f626c7dcc29c0a05cea24b5d54b3f534760dcfa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forward contracts and purchased options on debt securities within the scope of this Subsection shall be measured subsequently according to their initial classification as follows: 1. a Held to maturity: 1. 1 Changes in the [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.") of the forward contract or purchased option shall not be recognized. Credit losses on the underlying securities in a forward contract shall be recorded through an allowance for credit losses in accordance with Subtopic 326-20 on financial instruments measured at amortized cost. Credit losses on the underlying securities in a purchased option shall be recorded through an allowance for credit losses in accordance with Subtopic 326-20 and shall be limited by the amount of the option premium. 2. 2 Debt securities purchased under a forward contract shall be recorded at the forward contract price at the settlement date. 3. 3 Debt securities purchased by exercising an option shall be recorded at the option strike price plus any remaining carrying amount for the option premium at the exercise date. 4. 4 If an option expires worthless and the same debt security is purchased in the market, the security shall be recorded at its market price plus any remaining carrying amount for the option premium. 5. 5 If an entity does not take delivery under the forward contract or purchase the same security in the market if the option expires worthless, the entity's intent to hold other debt securities to maturity will be called into question. 2. b Available for sale: 1. 1 Changes in the fair value of the forward contract or purchased option shall be recognized as part of the separate component of shareholders' equity under Topic 320 as they occur. Credit losses on the underlying securities in a forward contract shall be recorded through an allowance for credit losses in accordance with Subtopic 326-30 on measuring credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities. Credit losses on the underlying securities in a purchased option shall be recorded through an allowance for credit losses in accordance with Subtopic 326-30 and shall be limited by the amount of the option premium. 2. 2 Debt securities purchased under a forward contract shall be recorded at their fair values at the settlement date. 3. 3 Debt securities purchased by exercising an option shall be recorded at the option strike price plus the fair value of the option at the exercise date. 4. 4 If the option expires worthless and the same debt security is purchased in the market, the security shall be recorded at its market price plus any remaining carrying amount for the option premium. 3. c [Trading](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#trading "An activity involving securities sold in the near term and held for only a short period of time. The term trading contemplates a holding period generally measured in hours and days rather than months or years. See paragraph 948-310-40-1 for clarification of the term trading for a mortgage banking entity."): 1. 1 Changes in the fair value of the forward contract or purchased option shall be recognized in earnings as they occur. 2. 2 Debt securities purchased under a forward contract or by exercising an option shall be recorded at their fair values at the settlement date. ##### [815-10-35-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-35-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:09.320Z Record version: sha256:5161809e0fa19db688cfb5e9620b631f5427245130955a31fd51a5da0959c521 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Changes in the fair value of forward contracts and purchased options on equity securities within the scope of this Subsection shall be recognized in earnings as they occur. Changes in observable price or impairment of forward contracts and purchased options on equity securities without readily determinable fair value within the scope of this Subsection measured in accordance with paragraph [321-10-35-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/321/10/#321-10-35-2) shall be recognized in earnings as they occur. A change in observable price or impairment of the underlying securities of forward contracts and purchased options on equity securities shall result in a remeasurement of the entire fair value of the forward contracts and purchased options as of the date that the observable transaction took place. Equity securities within the scope of this Subsection purchased under a forward contract or by exercising an option shall be recorded at their fair values at the settlement date. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:11.105Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:11.105Z Record version: sha256:30d7175e9d5ef5ca398911118be7230bbae94fa0241ba2b4ef70365ecc0d7229 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-40: 40 Derecognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#40-derecognition) SEC content: no ##### [815-10-40-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-40-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:11.105Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:11.105Z Record version: sha256:62ae50d41e21ab7487ab6d7b39a5a56146da086d0362d01630d80cd0377fc0ab Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Extinguishments of [derivative instruments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument.") that are liabilities are addressed by paragraph [405-20-40-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/405/20/#405-20-40-1). Transfers of derivative instruments that are financial assets are addressed by Section 860-10-40. ##### [815-10-40-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-40-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:11.105Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:11.105Z Record version: sha256:54e265c0140da7652410f4525aa11a33b8c243602d0bc5474db711ca5f9742a1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transfers of assets that are derivative instruments and subject to the requirements of this Subtopic but that are not financial assets shall be accounted for by analogy to Subtopic 860-10. This guidance is limited to transfers of nonfinancial assets that are derivative instruments that are or will be subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. An example would be a transfer to another entity of a derivative instrument, such as a forward contract to purchase gold that requires physical settlement and is or will be subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-40-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-40-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:11.105Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:11.105Z Record version: sha256:0e484827d42beb544ec508a87e7e3dbb85f35a701190d4d60b8241a0b54f8cbf Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a derivative instrument has the potential to be both a nonfinancial asset and a nonfinancial liability (such as a commodity forward contract that is a nonfinancial derivative instrument), then, as described in paragraph [860-10-40-40](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/860/10/#860-10-40-40), the criteria of both Sections 405-20-40 and 860-10-40 shall be met to qualify for derecognition. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:faab4f8b923474bce93df2014e3ee57cb6a2cb959b077859a964bc948b123180 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no #### Balance Sheet—Netting ##### [815-10-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:da386efc41f4ff992ca31d75e63f2abff025f9d8dc85ae6cde2a52b1c69a952b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Subtopic 210-20 establishes the criteria for offsetting amounts in the balance sheet. ##### [815-10-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:bcd6e4ff454d5f11c13964371e64339b993d90049a6af59d2c49f31ffd8760ab Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. None of the provisions in this Subtopic support netting a hedging derivative's asset (or liability) position against the hedged liability (or asset) position in the balance sheet. ##### [815-10-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:c0b56d14d6a8f66551a57e54cca1466343e876980725dbb8edbbce70c0fcc479 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance addresses offsetting certain amounts related to derivative instruments. For purposes of this guidance, derivative instruments include those that meet the definition of a [derivative instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument.") but are not included in the scope of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-45-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:19c415dce1b021c56f4fe0f27b5e4ee87204aac71c4ba4e67830e80e7791d594 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-09/). ##### [815-10-45-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:669d1794a21f232a16dd01bfd0326e687eb0af342081b8b26bf1545858e3e97f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In accordance with paragraph [210-20-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/210/20/#210-20-45-1), but without regard to the condition in paragraph [210-20-45-1(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/210/20/#210-20-45-1), a reporting entity may offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments and [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.") amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral (a receivable) or the obligation to return cash collateral (a payable) arising from derivative instrument(s) recognized at fair value executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement. Solely as it relates to the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral, fair value amounts include amounts that approximate fair value. The preceding sentence shall not be analogized to for any other asset or liability. The fair value recognized for some contracts may include an accrual component for the periodic unconditional receivables and payables that result from the contract; the accrual component included therein may also be offset for contracts executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement. A master netting arrangement exists if the reporting entity has multiple contracts, whether for the same type of derivative instrument or for different types of derivative instruments, with a single counterparty that are subject to a contractual agreement that provides for the net settlement of all contracts through a single payment in a single currency in the event of default on or termination of any one contract. ##### [815-10-45-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:fa7d9a5f69485c69d03fc8b6691e33ff5c247e5e2a170687da66458950053edd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A reporting entity shall make an accounting policy decision to offset fair value amounts pursuant to the preceding paragraph. The reporting entity's choice to offset or not must be applied consistently. A reporting entity shall not offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments without offsetting fair value amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral. A reporting entity that makes an accounting policy decision to offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments pursuant to the preceding paragraph but determines that the amount recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral is not a fair value amount shall continue to offset the derivative instruments. ##### [815-10-45-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:16966e558e8bb0b81580f1222b3c0b82ea2e637f2a41f9af81bcf3fbd0bab7a2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A reporting entity that has made an accounting policy decision to offset fair value amounts is not permitted to offset amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral against net derivative instrument positions if those amounts either: 1. a Were not fair value amounts 2. b Arose from instruments in a master netting arrangement that are not eligible to be offset. #### Income Statement Classification ##### [815-10-45-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:979afe81f5e850a5779a02a20cdd63120f00c75e41b21016220c6046e67241cb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Except for the guidance in the following paragraph and paragraph [815-10-45-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-10), this Subtopic does not provide guidance about the classification in the income statement of a derivative instrument's gains or losses, including the adjustment to fair value for a contract that newly meets the definition of a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-45-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:2503d4debbe76b9297994299d435b1d20a007435becb0b54a0b807864583021d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Gains and losses (realized and unrealized) on all derivative instruments within the scope of this Subtopic shall be shown net when recognized in the income statement, whether or not settled physically, if the derivative instruments are held for [trading purposes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#trading-purposes "The determination of what constitutes trading purposes is based on the intent of the issuer or holder and shall be consistent with the definition of trading in paragraph 320-10-25-1(a)."). On an ongoing basis, reclassifications into and out of trading shall be rare. ##### [815-10-45-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:d91b5efcb2a39653a89accaf32831b8a8d85c03bec35c6100fc5a7585d37008e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Subsequent changes in the fair value of an option that was granted to a grantee and is subject to or became subject to this Subtopic shall be included in the determination of net income. (See paragraphs [815-10-55-46 through 55-48A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-46) and [815-10-55-54 through 55-55](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-54) for discussion of such an option.) Changes in fair value of the option award before vesting shall be characterized as compensation cost in the grantor's income statement. Changes in fair value of the option award after vesting may be reflected elsewhere in the grantor's income statement. #### Cash Flow Statement Classification ##### [815-10-45-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:b5a36f2e555a6a63f061bf0246d3bc3b145b939bb2eb665ec16db93d4e860128 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An instrument accounted for as a derivative instrument under this Subtopic that, at its inception, includes off-market terms, or requires an up-front cash payment, or both often contains a financing element. Identifying a financing element within a derivative instrument is a matter of judgment that depends on facts and circumstances. ##### [815-10-45-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:1f058bc0d779b8e711fa926352db0587aa02c5e620ed04602b50e7ce9f7ccaa6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If an other-than-insignificant financing element is present at inception—other than a financing element inherently included in an at-the-market derivative instrument with no prepayments (that is, the forward points in an at-the-money forward contract)—then the borrower shall report all cash inflows and outflows associated with that derivative instrument in a manner consistent with financing activities as described in paragraphs [230-10-45-14 through 45-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/230/10/#230-10-45-14) . ##### [815-10-45-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:284d27116dcf56ce2e443a3ccfb1c89a847de35593789a6178397d5be1f2151f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An at-the-money plain-vanilla interest rate swap that involves no payments between the parties at inception would not be considered as having a financing element present at inception even though, due to the implicit forward rates derived from the yield curve, the parties to the contract have an expectation that the comparison of the fixed and variable legs will result in payments being made by one party in the earlier periods and being made by the counterparty in the later periods of the swap's term. ##### [815-10-45-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:7ca6048905c4c172c668ad532398b62b062c46e7a81487266c7163c915e9dfd1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a derivative instrument is an at-the-money or out-of-the-money option contract or contains an at-the-money or out-of-the-money option contract, a payment made at inception to the writer of the option for the option's time value by the counterparty shall not be viewed as evidence that the derivative instrument contains a financing element. ##### [815-10-45-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:13.501Z Record version: sha256:cb52d34d080ff04a467d582fa1ebc37a662005627fca8b587e93284aa32295f6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In contrast, if the contractual terms of a derivative instrument have been structured to ensure that net payments will be made by one party in the earlier periods and subsequently returned by the counterparty in the later periods of the derivative instrument's term, that derivative instrument shall be viewed as containing a financing element even if the derivative instrument has a fair value of zero at inception. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:89738863c8b2f43dffd0395266ef4b4e87dfa6fdca451ceabdfef53cbfb7d095 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no ##### [815-10-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:a13af8c6df0b2dafcef80c128c4a23bf9c131f9b079e2560702e44ed995fd267 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity with [derivative instruments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument.")(or nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) shall disclose information to enable users of the financial statements to understand all of the following: 1. a How and why an entity uses derivative instruments (or such nonderivative instruments) 2. b How derivative instruments (or such nonderivative instruments) and related hedged items are accounted for under Topic 815 3. c How derivative instruments (or such nonderivative instruments) and related hedged items affect all of the following: 1. 1 An entity's financial position 2. 2 An entity's financial performance 3. 3 An entity's cash flows. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)An entity with [derivative instruments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument.")(or nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) shall disclose information to enable users of the financial statements to understand all of the following in interim and annual reporting periods: 1. a How and why an entity uses derivative instruments (or such nonderivative instruments) 2. b How derivative instruments (or such nonderivative instruments) and related hedged items are accounted for under Topic 815 3. c How derivative instruments (or such nonderivative instruments) and related hedged items affect all of the following: 1. 1 An entity's financial position 2. 2 An entity's financial performance 3. 3 An entity's cash flows. ##### [815-10-50-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:bc6079ca21d64827f158a15aa1a3869a20194c44b987f46e1d3c0a46c7d0bee4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that holds or issues derivative instruments (or nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) shall disclose all of the following for every annual and interim reporting period for which a statement of financial position and statement of financial performance are presented: 1. a Its objectives for holding or issuing those instruments 2. b The context needed to understand those objectives 3. c Its strategies for achieving those objectives 4. d Information that would enable users of its financial statements to understand the volume of its activity in those instruments. ##### [815-10-50-1B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1B) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:938a97eda36ee5f274ed5d473792c726db051ac84cacf3f77f66f22a48eb4768 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For item (d) in paragraph [815-10-50-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1A), an entity shall select the format and the specifics of disclosures relating to its volume of such activity that are most relevant and practicable for its individual facts and circumstances. Information about the instruments in items (a) through (c) in paragraph [815-10-50-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1A) shall be disclosed in the context of each instrument's primary underlying risk exposure (for example, interest rate, credit, foreign exchange rate, interest rate and foreign exchange rate, or overall price). Further, those instruments shall be distinguished between those used for risk management purposes and those used for other purposes. Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) used for risk management purposes include those designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 as well as those used as economic hedges and for other purposes related to the entity's risk exposures. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For item (d) in paragraph [815-10-50-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1A), an entity shall select the format and the specifics of disclosures relating to its volume of such activity that are most relevant and practicable for its individual facts and circumstances. Information about the instruments in items (a) through (c) in paragraph [815-10-50-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1A) shall be disclosed in the context of each instrument's primary underlying risk exposure (for example, interest rate, credit, foreign exchange rate, interest rate and foreign exchange rate, or overall price) in interim and annual reporting periods. Further, those instruments shall be distinguished between those used for risk management purposes and those used for other purposes. Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) used for risk management purposes include those designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 as well as those used as economic hedges and for other purposes related to the entity's risk exposures. ##### [815-10-50-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-2) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:70b82a76d9f21c79f79dc6a54bd89775c302975ec034233dcab630d88568005c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The instruments addressed by items (a) through (c) in paragraph [815-10-50-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1A) shall be distinguished between each of the following: 1. a Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments as noted in items (1)(i) and (1)(iii) of this paragraph) used for risk management purposes, distinguished between each of the following: 1. 1 Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated as hedging instruments, distinguished between each of the following: 1. i Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated as fair value hedging instruments 2. ii Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedging instruments 3. iii Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated as hedging instruments for hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. 2. 2 Derivative instruments used as economic hedges and for other purposes related to the entity's risk exposures. 2. b Derivative instruments used for other purposes. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For interim and annual reporting periods, the instruments addressed by items (a) through (c) in paragraph [815-10-50-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1A) shall be distinguished between each of the following: 1. a Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments as noted in items (1)(i) and (1)(iii) of this paragraph) used for risk management purposes, distinguished between each of the following: 1. 1 Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated as hedging instruments, distinguished between each of the following: 1. i Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated as fair value hedging instruments 2. ii Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedging instruments 3. iii Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated as hedging instruments for hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. 2. 2 Derivative instruments used as economic hedges and for other purposes related to the entity's risk exposures. 2. b Derivative instruments used for other purposes. ##### [815-10-50-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-3) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:410c7c1cd969b545b3ff570c4547ae5e431e03bbd430215e60e9a75af36cc7a6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the simplified hedge accounting approach (see paragraphs [815-20-25-133 through 25-138](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-133) ) is applied in accounting for a qualifying receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap, the settlement value of that swap may be used in place of [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.") when disclosing the information required by this Section or in providing other fair value disclosures, such as those required under Topic 820 on fair value. For the purposes of complying with these disclosure requirements, amounts disclosed at settlement value will be subject to all of the same disclosure requirements as amounts disclosed at fair value. Any amounts disclosed at settlement value shall be clearly stated as such and disclosed separately from amounts disclosed at fair value. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)If the simplified hedge accounting approach (see paragraphs [815-20-25-133 through 25-138](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-133) ) is applied in accounting for a qualifying receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap, the settlement value of that swap may be used in place of [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.") when disclosing the information required by this Section or in providing other fair value disclosures, such as those required under Topic 820 on fair value. For the purposes of complying with these disclosure requirements, amounts disclosed at settlement value will be subject to all of the same disclosure requirements as amounts disclosed at fair value. Any amounts disclosed at settlement value shall be clearly stated as such and disclosed separately from amounts disclosed at fair value in interim and annual reporting periods. ##### [815-10-50-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:f34471f82c3682268c08cc40c2d72d0bb1df73cad2e1d7ab7ec25f1566ed8a24 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20, the description shall indicate the purpose of the derivative activity. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20, the description shall indicate the purpose of the derivative activity in interim and annual reporting periods. #### Overall Quantitative Disclosures ##### [815-10-50-4A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:1192d58ae5b53af59a2e8447b504071b2a7316270ab409bdbfaa755a031d377a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that holds or issues derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) shall disclose all of the following for every annual and interim reporting period for which a statement of financial position and statement of financial performance are presented: 1. a The location and fair value amounts of derivative instruments (and such nonderivative instruments) reported in the statement of financial position 2. b The location and amount of the gains and losses on derivative instruments (and such nonderivative instruments) and related hedged items reported in any of the following: 1. 1 The statement of financial performance 2. 2 The statement of financial position (for example, gains and losses initially recognized in [other comprehensive income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/o/#other-comprehensive-income "Revenues, expenses, gains, and losses that under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) are included in comprehensive income but excluded from net income.")). 3. c The total amount of each income and expense line item presented in the statement of financial performance in which the results of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [220-40-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/220/40/#220-40-65-1)An entity that holds or issues derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) shall disclose all of the following for every annual and interim reporting period for which a statement of financial position and statement of financial performance are presented: 1. a The location and fair value amounts of derivative instruments (and such nonderivative instruments) reported in the statement of financial position 2. b The location and amount of the gains and losses on derivative instruments (and such nonderivative instruments) and related hedged items reported in any of the following: 1. 1 The statement of financial performance 2. 2 The statement of financial position (for example, gains and losses initially recognized in [other comprehensive income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/o/#other-comprehensive-income "Revenues, expenses, gains, and losses that under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) are included in comprehensive income but excluded from net income.")). 3. c The total amount of each income and expense line item presented in the statement of financial performance in which the results of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded. See paragraphs [220-40-50-21 through 50-25](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/220/40/#220-40-50-21) for additional disclosure requirements. ##### [815-10-50-4B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4B) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:750d877e72b24c947f2380593e9e6d50613960d4ec332b7b5b9d56931985d788 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The disclosures required by item (a) in paragraph [815-10-50-4A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) shall comply with all of the following: 1. a The fair value of derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) shall be presented on a gross basis, even when those instruments are subject to master netting arrangements and qualify for net presentation in the statement of financial position in accordance with Subtopic 210-20 or paragraphs [815-10-45-5 through 45-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-5) , as applicable. 2. b Cash collateral payables and receivables associated with those instruments shall not be added to or netted against the fair value amounts. 3. c Fair value amounts shall be presented as separate asset and liability values segregated between each of the following: 1. 1 Those instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20, presented separately by type of contract (for example, interest rate contracts, foreign exchange contracts, equity contracts, commodity contracts, credit contracts, other contracts, and so forth) 2. 2 Those instruments not designated as hedging instruments, presented separately by type of contract. 4. d The disclosure shall identify the line item(s) in the statement of financial position in which the fair value amounts for these categories of derivative instruments are included. Amounts required to be reported for nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66) shall be the carrying value of the nonderivative hedging instrument, which includes the adjustment for the foreign currency transaction gain or loss on that instrument. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)The disclosures required by item (a) in paragraph [815-10-50-4A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) shall comply with all of the following in interim and annual reporting periods: 1. a The fair value of derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) shall be presented on a gross basis, even when those instruments are subject to master netting arrangements and qualify for net presentation in the statement of financial position in accordance with Subtopic 210-20 or paragraphs [815-10-45-5 through 45-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-5) , as applicable. 2. b Cash collateral payables and receivables associated with those instruments shall not be added to or netted against the fair value amounts. 3. c Fair value amounts shall be presented as separate asset and liability values segregated between each of the following: 1. 1 Those instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20, presented separately by type of contract (for example, interest rate contracts, foreign exchange contracts, equity contracts, commodity contracts, credit contracts, other contracts, and so forth) 2. 2 Those instruments not designated as hedging instruments, presented separately by type of contract. 4. d The disclosure shall identify the line item(s) in the statement of financial position in which the fair value amounts for these categories of derivative instruments are included. Amounts required to be reported for nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66) shall be the carrying value of the nonderivative hedging instrument, which includes the adjustment for the foreign currency transaction gain or loss on that instrument. ##### [815-10-50-4C](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4C) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:7c8e351cf81f4db60238215e12403c9bd058b46b40a06289216803a7be1c4378 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For qualifying fair value and [cash flow hedges](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#cash-flow-hedge "A hedge of the exposure to variability in the cash flows of a recognized asset or liability, or of a forecasted transaction, that is attributable to a particular risk."), the gains and losses disclosed pursuant to paragraph [815-10-50-4A(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) shall be presented separately for all of the following by type of contract (as discussed in paragraph [815-10-50-4D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4D)) and by income and expense line item (if applicable): 1. a Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated and qualifying as hedging instruments in fair value hedges and related hedged items designated and qualifying in fair value hedges. 2. b The gains and losses on derivative instruments designated and qualifying in cash flow hedges included in the assessment of effectiveness that were recognized in other comprehensive income during the current period. 3. bb Amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness that were recognized in other comprehensive income during the period for which an amortization approach is applied in accordance with paragraph [815-20-25-83A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-83A). 4. c The gains and losses on derivative instruments designated and qualifying in cash flow hedges that are included in the assessment of effectiveness and recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income during the term of the hedging relationship and reclassified into earnings during the current period. 5. d The portion of gains and losses on derivative instruments designated and qualifying in fair value and cash flow hedges representing the amount, if any, excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness that is recognized in earnings. When disclosing this amount, an entity shall disclose separately amounts that are recognized in earnings through an amortization approach in accordance with paragraph [815-20-25-83A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-83A) and amounts recognized through changes in fair value in earnings in accordance with paragraph [815-20-25-83B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-83B). 1. 1 [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-12/). 2. 2 [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-12/). 6. e [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-12/). 7. f The gains and losses reclassified into earnings as a result of the discontinuance of cash flow hedges because it is probable that the original forecasted transactions will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within the additional period of time discussed in paragraphs [815-30-40-4 through 40-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/30/#815-30-40-4) . 8. g The amount of net gain or loss recognized in earnings when a hedged [firm commitment](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#firm-commitment "An agreement with an unrelated party, binding on both parties and usually legally enforceable, with the following characteristics:The agreement specifies all significant terms, including the quantity to be exchanged, the fixed price, and the timing of the transaction. The fixed price may be expressed as a specified amount of an entity's functional currency or of a foreign currency. It may also be expressed as a specified interest rate or specified effective yield. The binding provisions of an agreement are regarded to include those legal rights and obligations codified in the laws to which such an agreement is subject. A price that varies with the market price of the item that is the subject of the firm commitment cannot qualify as a fixed price. For example, a price that is specified in terms of ounces of gold would not be a fixed price if the market price of the item to be purchased or sold under the firm commitment varied with the price of gold. The agreement includes a disincentive for nonperformance that is sufficiently large to make performance probable. In the legal jurisdiction that governs the agreement, the existence of statutory rights to pursue remedies for default equivalent to the damages suffered by the nondefaulting party, in and of itself, represents a sufficiently large disincentive for nonperformance to make performance probable for purposes of applying the definition of a firm commitment.") no longer qualifies as a [fair value hedge](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value-hedge "A hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability, or of an unrecognized firm commitment, that are attributable to a particular risk."). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For qualifying fair value and [cash flow hedges](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#cash-flow-hedge "A hedge of the exposure to variability in the cash flows of a recognized asset or liability, or of a forecasted transaction, that is attributable to a particular risk."), the gains and losses disclosed pursuant to paragraph [815-10-50-4A(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) shall be presented separately for all of the following by type of contract (as discussed in paragraph [815-10-50-4D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4D)) and by income and expense line item (if applicable) in interim and annual reporting periods: 1. a Derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated and qualifying as hedging instruments in fair value hedges and related hedged items designated and qualifying in fair value hedges. 2. b The gains and losses on derivative instruments designated and qualifying in cash flow hedges included in the assessment of effectiveness that were recognized in other comprehensive income during the current period. 3. bb Amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness that were recognized in other comprehensive income during the period for which an amortization approach is applied in accordance with paragraph [815-20-25-83A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-83A). 4. c The gains and losses on derivative instruments designated and qualifying in cash flow hedges that are included in the assessment of effectiveness and recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income during the term of the hedging relationship and reclassified into earnings during the current period. 5. d The portion of gains and losses on derivative instruments designated and qualifying in fair value and cash flow hedges representing the amount, if any, excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness that is recognized in earnings. When disclosing this amount, an entity shall disclose separately amounts that are recognized in earnings through an amortization approach in accordance with paragraph [815-20-25-83A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-83A) and amounts recognized through changes in fair value in earnings in accordance with paragraph [815-20-25-83B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-83B). 1. 1 [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-12/). 2. 2 [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-12/). 6. e [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-12/). 7. f The gains and losses reclassified into earnings as a result of the discontinuance of cash flow hedges because it is probable that the original forecasted transactions will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within the additional period of time discussed in paragraphs [815-30-40-4 through 40-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/30/#815-30-40-4) . 8. g The amount of net gain or loss recognized in earnings when a hedged [firm commitment](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#firm-commitment "An agreement with an unrelated party, binding on both parties and usually legally enforceable, with the following characteristics:The agreement specifies all significant terms, including the quantity to be exchanged, the fixed price, and the timing of the transaction. The fixed price may be expressed as a specified amount of an entity's functional currency or of a foreign currency. It may also be expressed as a specified interest rate or specified effective yield. The binding provisions of an agreement are regarded to include those legal rights and obligations codified in the laws to which such an agreement is subject. A price that varies with the market price of the item that is the subject of the firm commitment cannot qualify as a fixed price. For example, a price that is specified in terms of ounces of gold would not be a fixed price if the market price of the item to be purchased or sold under the firm commitment varied with the price of gold. The agreement includes a disincentive for nonperformance that is sufficiently large to make performance probable. In the legal jurisdiction that governs the agreement, the existence of statutory rights to pursue remedies for default equivalent to the damages suffered by the nondefaulting party, in and of itself, represents a sufficiently large disincentive for nonperformance to make performance probable for purposes of applying the definition of a firm commitment.") no longer qualifies as a [fair value hedge](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value-hedge "A hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability, or of an unrecognized firm commitment, that are attributable to a particular risk."). ##### [815-10-50-4CC](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4CC) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:c729656e518f5624db91f7c3eab2d97840598ae3c1f960fe6183170606a52903 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall present separately by type of contract (as discussed in paragraph [815-10-50-4D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4D)) the gains and losses disclosed in accordance with paragraph [815-10-50-4A(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) for derivative instruments not designated or qualifying as hedging instruments under Topic 815 (see paragraph [815-10-50-4F](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4F)). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For interim and annual reporting periods, an entity shall present separately by type of contract (as discussed in paragraph [815-10-50-4D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4D)) the gains and losses disclosed in accordance with paragraph [815-10-50-4A(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) for derivative instruments not designated or qualifying as hedging instruments under Topic 815 (see paragraph [815-10-50-4F](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4F)). ##### [815-10-50-4CCC](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4CCC) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:ba566bdfae68e8c33661568f9f39d41c460e6ddc67ded426e20f69734e2d1863 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For qualifying net investment hedges, an entity shall present the gains and losses disclosed in accordance with paragraph [815-10-50-4A(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) separately for all of the following by type of contract (as discussed in paragraph [815-10-50-4D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4D)): 1. a The gains and losses on derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated and qualifying in net investment hedges that were recognized in the cumulative translation adjustment section of other comprehensive income during the current period 2. b The gains and losses on derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated and qualifying in net investment hedges recorded in the cumulative translation adjustment section of accumulated other comprehensive income during the term of the hedging relationship and reclassified into earnings during the current period 3. c The portion of gains and losses on derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated and qualifying in net investment hedges representing the amount, if any, excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For qualifying net investment hedges, an entity shall present the gains and losses disclosed in accordance with paragraph [815-10-50-4A(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) separately for all of the following by type of contract (as discussed in paragraph [815-10-50-4D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4D))in interim and annual reporting periods: 1. a The gains and losses on derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated and qualifying in net investment hedges that were recognized in the cumulative translation adjustment section of other comprehensive income during the current period 2. b The gains and losses on derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated and qualifying in net investment hedges recorded in the cumulative translation adjustment section of accumulated other comprehensive income during the term of the hedging relationship and reclassified into earnings during the current period 3. c The portion of gains and losses on derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments) designated and qualifying in net investment hedges representing the amount, if any, excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. ##### [815-10-50-4D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4D) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:c0f117ed164fbf9ecf8981d5be37de67826920213f6b1e544094163fc92db8ff Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Disclosures pursuant to paragraphs [815-10-50-4C through 50-4CCC](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4C) shall both: 1. a Be presented separately by type of contract, for example: 1. 1 Interest rate contracts 2. 2 Foreign exchange contracts 3. 3 Equity contracts 4. 4 Commodity contracts 5. 5 Credit contracts 6. 6 Other contracts. 2. b Identify the line item(s) in the statement of financial performance in which the gains and losses for these categories of derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) are included. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For interim and annual reporting periods, disclosures pursuant to paragraphs [815-10-50-4C through 50-4CCC](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4C) shall both: 1. a Be presented separately by type of contract, for example: 1. 1 Interest rate contracts 2. 2 Foreign exchange contracts 3. 3 Equity contracts 4. 4 Commodity contracts 5. 5 Credit contracts 6. 6 Other contracts. 2. b Identify the line item(s) in the statement of financial performance in which the gains and losses for these categories of derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) are included. ##### [815-10-50-4E](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4E) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:ba8861607bd3b05efa7e05f19c14aca3aac58af8295d6434f289cd34d0c63bb2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The quantitative disclosures required by paragraphs [815-10-50-4A through 50-4CCC](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) shall be presented in tabular format.If a proportion of a derivative instrument is designated and qualifying as a hedging instrument and a proportion is not designated and qualifying as a hedging instrument, an entity shall allocate the related amounts to the appropriate categories within the disclosure tables. Example 21 (see paragraph [815-10-55-182](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-182)) illustrates the disclosures described in paragraphs [815-10-50-4A through 50-4E](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) . Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For interim and annual reporting periods, the quantitative disclosures required by paragraphs [815-10-50-4A through 50-4CCC](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) shall be presented in tabular format.If a proportion of a derivative instrument is designated and qualifying as a hedging instrument and a proportion is not designated and qualifying as a hedging instrument, an entity shall allocate the related amounts to the appropriate categories within the disclosure tables. Example 21 (see paragraph [815-10-55-182](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-182)) illustrates the disclosures described in paragraphs [815-10-50-4A through 50-4E](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) . ##### [815-10-50-4EE](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4EE) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:e68c29e500425debff39ff7bd43a9b9246d6c049d825546d73bbef2d0d52d22f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall disclose in tabular format the following for items designated and qualifying as hedged items in fair value hedges: 1. a The carrying amount of hedged assets and liabilities recognized in the statement of financial position. For an available-for-sale debt security, the amount disclosed is the amortized cost basis. 2. b The cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments to hedged assets and liabilities included in the carrying amount of the hedged assets and liabilities recognized in the statement of financial position. 3. c The line item in the statement of financial position that includes the hedged assets and liabilities. 4. d The cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments remaining for any hedged assets and liabilities for which hedge accounting has been discontinued. The disclosures required by (b) and (d) shall exclude cumulative basis adjustments related to foreign exchange risk. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For interim and annual reporting periods, an entity shall disclose in tabular format the following for items designated and qualifying as hedged items in fair value hedges: 1. a The carrying amount of hedged assets and liabilities recognized in the statement of financial position. For an available-for-sale debt security, the amount disclosed is the amortized cost basis. 2. b The cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments to hedged assets and liabilities included in the carrying amount of the hedged assets and liabilities recognized in the statement of financial position. 3. c The line item in the statement of financial position that includes the hedged assets and liabilities. 4. d The cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments remaining for any hedged assets and liabilities for which hedge accounting has been discontinued. The disclosures required by (b) and (d) shall exclude cumulative basis adjustments related to foreign exchange risk. ##### [815-10-50-4EEE](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4EEE) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:94d0742d8e988ce16b8e3dd289a4d268a3f0e6615e20dbd21ac51327737789c9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For each line item disclosed in accordance with paragraph [815-10-50-4EE(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4EE) that includes hedging relationships designated under the portfolio layer method in accordance with paragraph [815-20-25-12A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-12A), the following information shall be disclosed separately: 1. a The amortized cost basis of the closed portfolio(s) of financial assets or the beneficial interest(s) 2. b The amount that represents the hedged item(s) (that is, the [hedged layer](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/h/#hedged-layer "The hedged item designated in a portfolio layer method hedging relationship, representing a stated amount or stated amounts of a closed portfolio of financial assets or one or more beneficial interests secured by a portfolio of financial instruments that is not expected to be affected by prepayments, defaults, or other factors affecting the timing and amount of cash flows for the designated hedge period.") or layers) 3. c The basis adjustment associated with the hedged item(s) (that is, the hedged layer or layers). Example 20 (see paragraph [815-10-55-181](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-181)) illustrates these disclosures. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For each line item disclosed in accordance with paragraph [815-10-50-4EE(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4EE) that includes hedging relationships designated under the portfolio layer method in accordance with paragraph [815-20-25-12A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-12A), the following information shall be disclosed separately in interim and annual reporting periods: 1. a The amortized cost basis of the closed portfolio(s) of financial assets or the beneficial interest(s) 2. b The amount that represents the hedged item(s) (that is, the [hedged layer](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/h/#hedged-layer "The hedged item designated in a portfolio layer method hedging relationship, representing a stated amount or stated amounts of a closed portfolio of financial assets or one or more beneficial interests secured by a portfolio of financial instruments that is not expected to be affected by prepayments, defaults, or other factors affecting the timing and amount of cash flows for the designated hedge period.") or layers) 3. c The basis adjustment associated with the hedged item(s) (that is, the hedged layer or layers). Example 20 (see paragraph [815-10-55-181](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-181)) illustrates these disclosures. ##### [815-10-50-4EEEE](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4EEEE) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:3e5daf202519765b232ab038aa6e173b31427d985804c63ce902410273714fc6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If an entity elects to record changes in the fair value of amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness currently in earnings in accordance with paragraph [815-20-25-83B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-83B), the entity shall disclose this election in its summary of significant accounting policies. ##### [815-10-50-4F](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4F) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:10f016684f903cef565209ec92748b4eab643ad563ff6f2179f1cf5c14c686d2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For derivative instruments that are not designated or qualifying as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20, if an entity's policy is to include those derivative instruments in its trading activities (for example, as part of its trading portfolio that includes both derivative instruments and nonderivative or cash instruments), the entity can elect to not separately disclose gains and losses as required by paragraph [815-10-50-4CC](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4CC) provided that the entity discloses all of the following: 1. a The gains and losses on its trading activities (including both derivative instruments and nonderivative instruments) recognized in the statement of financial performance, separately by major types of items, for example: 1. 1 Fixed income/interest rates 2. 2 Foreign exchange 3. 3 Equity 4. 4 Commodity 5. 5 Credit. 2. b The line items in the statement of financial performance in which trading activities gains and losses are included 3. c A description of the nature of its trading activities and related risks, and how the entity manages those risks. If the disclosure option in this paragraph is elected, the entity shall include a footnote in the required tables referencing the use of alternative disclosures for trading activities. Example 21 (see paragraph [815-10-55-182](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-182)) illustrates a footnote referencing the use of alternative disclosures for trading activities. Example 22 (see paragraph [815-10-55-184](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-184)) illustrates the disclosure of the information required in items (a) and (b). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For derivative instruments that are not designated or qualifying as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20, if an entity's policy is to include those derivative instruments in its trading activities (for example, as part of its trading portfolio that includes both derivative instruments and nonderivative or cash instruments), the entity can elect to not separately disclose gains and losses as required by paragraph [815-10-50-4CC](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4CC) provided that the entity discloses all of the following in interim and annual reporting periods: 1. a The gains and losses on its trading activities (including both derivative instruments and nonderivative instruments) recognized in the statement of financial performance, separately by major types of items, for example: 1. 1 Fixed income/interest rates 2. 2 Foreign exchange 3. 3 Equity 4. 4 Commodity 5. 5 Credit. 2. b The line items in the statement of financial performance in which trading activities gains and losses are included 3. c A description of the nature of its trading activities and related risks, and how the entity manages those risks. If the disclosure option in this paragraph is elected, the entity shall include a footnote in the required tables referencing the use of alternative disclosures for trading activities. Example 21 (see paragraph [815-10-55-182](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-182)) illustrates a footnote referencing the use of alternative disclosures for trading activities. Example 22 (see paragraph [815-10-55-184](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-184)) illustrates the disclosure of the information required in items (a) and (b). ##### [815-10-50-4G](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4G) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:c2c786187a5ef4d0f5306d16440f6e8230ae67a2fb424ae41e8837a99c8cb97a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For purposes of the disclosure requirements beginning in paragraph [815-10-50-4A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A), not-for-profit entities within the scope of Topic 954 should present a similarly formatted table. Those entities shall refer to amounts within their performance indicator, instead of in income, and amounts outside their performance indicator, instead of in other comprehensive income. Not-for-profit entities not within the scope of Topic 954 shall disclose the gain or loss recognized in changes in net assets using a similar format. All not-for-profit entities also would indicate which class or classes of net assets (without donor restrictions or with donor restrictions) are affected. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For purposes of the disclosure requirements beginning in paragraph [815-10-50-4A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A), not-for-profit entities within the scope of Topic 954 should present a similarly formatted table. Those entities shall refer to amounts within their performance indicator, instead of in income, and amounts outside their performance indicator, instead of in other comprehensive income. Not-for-profit entities not within the scope of Topic 954 shall disclose the gain or loss recognized in changes in net assets using a similar format. All not-for-profit entities also would indicate which class or classes of net assets (without donor restrictions or with donor restrictions) are affected. The disclosures in this paragraph are required in interim and annual reporting periods. #### Credit-Risk-Related Contingent Features ##### [815-10-50-4H](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4H) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:469be6e0ee5b1004a3639b6fa4064316df11507245a253a13420eb69b5557bb9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that holds or issues derivative instruments (or nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) shall disclose all of the following for every annual and interim reporting period for which a statement of financial position is presented: 1. a The existence and nature of credit-risk-related contingent features 2. b The circumstances in which credit-risk-related contingent features could be triggered in derivative instruments (or such nonderivative instruments) that are in a net liability position at the end of the reporting period 3. c The aggregate fair value amounts of derivative instruments (or such nonderivative instruments) that contain credit-risk-related contingent features that are in a net liability position at the end of the reporting period 4. d The aggregate fair value of assets that are already posted as collateral at the end of the reporting period 5. e The aggregate fair value of additional assets that would be required to be posted as collateral if the credit-risk-related contingent features were triggered at the end of the reporting period 6. f The aggregate fair value of assets needed to settle the instrument immediately if the credit-risk-related contingent features were triggered at the end of the reporting period. Amounts required to be reported for nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66) shall be the carrying value of the nonderivative hedging instrument, which includes the adjustment for the foreign currency transaction gain or loss on that instrument. Example 23 (see paragraph [815-10-55-185](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-185)) illustrates a credit-risk-related contingent feature disclosure. #### Information in More than One Note ##### [815-10-50-4I](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4I) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:07a343e7ebc5fefd88f68ba4c7bea907bbb10946b523571c810447b6582240fb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If information on derivative instruments (or nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) is disclosed in more than a single note to financial statements, an entity shall cross-reference from the derivative instruments (or nonderivative instruments) note to other notes in which derivative-instrument-related information is disclosed. #### Credit Derivatives ##### [815-10-50-4J](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4J) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:ac384fb13839eccc2ac60b3efe0a7bb3570f9f6a8abbf003219a8a422b06e791 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For purposes of the following paragraph, the term seller (sometimes referred to as a writer of the contract) refers to the party that assumes credit risk, which could be either: 1. a A guarantor in a guarantee type contract 2. b Any party that provides the credit protection in an option type contract, a credit default swap, or any other credit derivative contract. ##### [815-10-50-4K](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4K) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:ed8b79bbd35b773a942435e61aca6f099b0148916249d211aa0f1feca6b0aedc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A seller of [credit derivatives](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#credit-derivative "A derivative instrument that has both of the following characteristics: One or more of its underlyings are related to any of the following: The credit risk of a specified entity (or a group of entities) An index based on the credit risk of a group of entities. It exposes the seller to potential loss from credit-risk-related events specified in the contract. Examples of credit derivatives include, but are not limited to, credit default swaps, credit spread options, and credit index products.") shall disclose information about its credit derivatives and hybrid instruments (for example, a credit-linked note) that have [embedded credit derivatives](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#embedded-credit-derivative "An embedded derivative that is also a credit derivative.")to enable users of financial statements to assess their potential effect on its financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Specifically, for each statement of financial position presented, the seller of a credit derivative shall disclose all of the following information for each credit derivative, or each group of similar credit derivatives, even if the likelihood of the seller's having to make any payments under the credit derivative is remote: 1. a The nature of the credit derivative, including all of the following: 1. 1 The approximate term of the credit derivative 2. 2 The reason(s) for entering into the credit derivative 3. 3 The events or circumstances that would require the seller to perform under the credit derivative 4. 4 The current status (that is, as of the date of the statement of financial position) of the payment/performance risk of the credit derivative, which could be based on either recently issued external credit ratings or current internal groupings used by the seller to manage its risk 5. 5 If the entity uses internal groupings for purposes of item (a)(4), how those groupings are determined and used for managing risk. 2. b All of the following information about the maximum potential amount of future payments under the credit derivative: 1. 1 The maximum potential amount of future payments (undiscounted) that the seller could be required to make under the credit derivative, which shall not be reduced by the effect of any amounts that may possibly be recovered under recourse or collateralization provisions in the credit derivative (which are addressed in items (c) through (f)) 2. 2 The fact that the terms of the credit derivative provide for no limitation to the maximum potential future payments under the contract, if applicable 3. 3 If the seller is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum potential amount of future payments under the credit derivative, the reasons why it cannot estimate the maximum potential amount. 3. c The fair value of the credit derivative as of the date of the statement of financial position 4. d The nature of any recourse provisions that would enable the seller to recover from third parties any of the amounts paid under the credit derivative 5. e The nature of any assets held either as collateral or by third parties that, upon the occurrence of any specified triggering event or condition under the credit derivative, the seller can obtain and liquidate to recover all or a portion of the amounts paid under the credit derivative 6. f If estimable, the approximate extent to which the proceeds from liquidation of assets held either as collateral or by third parties would be expected to cover the maximum potential amount of future payments under the credit derivative. In its estimate of potential recoveries, the seller of credit protection shall consider the effect of any purchased credit protection with identical underlying(s). However, the disclosures required by this paragraph do not apply to an embedded derivative feature related to the transfer of credit risk that is only in the form of subordination of one financial instrument to another, as described in paragraph [815-15-15-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-15-9). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For interim and annual reporting periods, a seller of [credit derivatives](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#credit-derivative "A derivative instrument that has both of the following characteristics: One or more of its underlyings are related to any of the following: The credit risk of a specified entity (or a group of entities) An index based on the credit risk of a group of entities. It exposes the seller to potential loss from credit-risk-related events specified in the contract. Examples of credit derivatives include, but are not limited to, credit default swaps, credit spread options, and credit index products.") shall disclose information about its credit derivatives and hybrid instruments (for example, a credit-linked note) that have [embedded credit derivatives](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#embedded-credit-derivative "An embedded derivative that is also a credit derivative.")to enable users of financial statements to assess their potential effect on its financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Specifically, for each statement of financial position presented, the seller of a credit derivative shall disclose all of the following information for each credit derivative, or each group of similar credit derivatives, even if the likelihood of the seller's having to make any payments under the credit derivative is remote: 1. a The nature of the credit derivative, including all of the following: 1. 1 The approximate term of the credit derivative 2. 2 The reason(s) for entering into the credit derivative 3. 3 The events or circumstances that would require the seller to perform under the credit derivative 4. 4 The current status (that is, as of the date of the statement of financial position) of the payment/performance risk of the credit derivative, which could be based on either recently issued external credit ratings or current internal groupings used by the seller to manage its risk 5. 5 If the entity uses internal groupings for purposes of item (a)(4), how those groupings are determined and used for managing risk. 2. b All of the following information about the maximum potential amount of future payments under the credit derivative: 1. 1 The maximum potential amount of future payments (undiscounted) that the seller could be required to make under the credit derivative, which shall not be reduced by the effect of any amounts that may possibly be recovered under recourse or collateralization provisions in the credit derivative (which are addressed in items (c) through (f)) 2. 2 The fact that the terms of the credit derivative provide for no limitation to the maximum potential future payments under the contract, if applicable 3. 3 If the seller is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum potential amount of future payments under the credit derivative, the reasons why it cannot estimate the maximum potential amount. 3. c The fair value of the credit derivative as of the date of the statement of financial position 4. d The nature of any recourse provisions that would enable the seller to recover from third parties any of the amounts paid under the credit derivative 5. e The nature of any assets held either as collateral or by third parties that, upon the occurrence of any specified triggering event or condition under the credit derivative, the seller can obtain and liquidate to recover all or a portion of the amounts paid under the credit derivative 6. f If estimable, the approximate extent to which the proceeds from liquidation of assets held either as collateral or by third parties would be expected to cover the maximum potential amount of future payments under the credit derivative. In its estimate of potential recoveries, the seller of credit protection shall consider the effect of any purchased credit protection with identical underlying(s). However, the disclosures required by this paragraph do not apply to an embedded derivative feature related to the transfer of credit risk that is only in the form of subordination of one financial instrument to another, as described in paragraph [815-15-15-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-15-9). ##### [815-10-50-4L](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4L) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:05245f369c87dac4d26d34eb2fc12aa722c56c8d71e35d0af2946b5c770bace6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. One way to present the information required by paragraph [815-10-50-4K](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4K) for groups of similar credit derivatives would be first to segregate the disclosures by major types of contracts (for example, single-name credit default swaps, traded indexes, other portfolio products, and swaptions) and then, for each major type, provide additional subgroups for major types of referenced (or underlying) asset classes (for example, corporate debt, sovereign debt, and structured finance). With respect to hybrid instruments that have embedded credit derivatives, the seller of the embedded credit derivative shall disclose the information required by paragraph [815-10-50-4K](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4K) for the entire hybrid instrument, not just the embedded credit derivatives. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)One way to present the information required by paragraph [815-10-50-4K](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4K) for groups of similar credit derivatives would be first to segregate the disclosures by major types of contracts (for example, single-name credit default swaps, traded indexes, other portfolio products, and swaptions) and then, for each major type, provide additional subgroups for major types of referenced (or underlying) asset classes (for example, corporate debt, sovereign debt, and structured finance). With respect to hybrid instruments that have embedded credit derivatives, the seller of the embedded credit derivative shall disclose the information required by paragraph [815-10-50-4K](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4K) for the entire hybrid instrument, not just the embedded credit derivatives. The disclosures in this paragraph are required in interim and annual reporting periods. #### Qualitative Disclosures ##### [815-10-50-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:4d4c9eba28cfdab027a8d0e9dc949edc3242b2a8e255ff37bf6fced9f06df83a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Qualitative disclosures about an entity's objectives and strategies for using derivative instruments (and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) may be more meaningful if such objectives and strategies are described in the context of an entity's overall risk exposures relating to all of the following: 1. a Interest rate risk 2. b Foreign exchange risk 3. c Commodity price risk 4. d Credit risk 5. e Equity price risk. Those additional qualitative disclosures, if made, should include a discussion of those exposures even though the entity does not manage some of those exposures by using derivative instruments. An entity is encouraged, but not required, to provide such additional qualitative disclosures about those risks and how they are managed. ##### [815-10-50-5A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-5A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:4dbfb59418bb002658b6a20202eee021591f1b503ab7d1ea98b31a0d4fb51b83 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The quantitative disclosures about derivative instruments may be more useful, and less likely to be perceived to be out of context or otherwise misunderstood, if similar information is disclosed about other financial instruments or nonfinancial assets and liabilities to which the derivative instruments are related by activity. Accordingly, in those situations, an entity is encouraged, but not required, to present a more complete picture of its activities by disclosing that information. #### Basis Adjustment Considerations under the Portfolio Layer Method ##### [815-10-50-5B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-5B) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:3c58307ca30127322e190aad89bc8b1a672c764b333f4ab6c415363e4f4ffca2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For existing hedging relationships designated under the portfolio layer method, an entity shall not disclose the basis adjustment on a more disaggregated basis than the portfolio layer method closed portfolio to meet the objectives of disclosure requirements in other Topics unless that disaggregation is required in accordance with paragraph [815-20-45-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-45-4). After an entity allocates a basis adjustment in accordance with paragraph [815-20-45-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-45-4) (if applicable), if other Topics require the disclosure of the amortized cost basis of assets included in the closed portfolio on a basis that requires disaggregating the assets included in the closed portfolio, the entity shall exclude the portfolio layer method basis adjustment from the amortized cost basis of those assets. In that case, the entity shall disclose the total amount of the portfolio layer method basis adjustment excluded from the amortized cost basis of the assets included in the closed portfolio. ##### [815-10-50-5C](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-5C) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:0de2cb2ddc8b6549e899360f127e4db964000f47b0d9d01d5c2f6468914601f5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For hedging relationships designated under the portfolio layer method, if the outstanding amount of the closed portfolio is less than the hedged layer or layers in accordance with paragraph [815-25-40-8(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/25/#815-25-40-8) (that is, a breach occurred), an entity shall disclose: 1. a The amount of the hedge basis adjustment recognized in current-period interest income because of the breach 2. b The circumstances that led to the breach. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For hedging relationships designated under the portfolio layer method, if the outstanding amount of the closed portfolio is less than the hedged layer or layers in accordance with paragraph [815-25-40-8(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/25/#815-25-40-8) (that is, a breach occurred), an entity shall disclose in interim and annual reporting periods the following: 1. a The amount of the hedge basis adjustment recognized in current-period interest income because of the breach 2. b The circumstances that led to the breach. #### Unconditional Purchase Obligations ##### [815-10-50-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:f0650fd3d215532ebdfdbbef692cb855ddcb3cc30b980ad28137e233d049f130 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If an [unconditional purchase obligation](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/u/#unconditional-purchase-obligation "An obligation to transfer funds in the future for fixed or minimum amounts or quantities of goods or services at fixed or minimum prices (for example, as in take-or-pay contracts or throughput contracts).") is subject to the requirements of both Topic 440 and this Subtopic, the entity shall comply with both sets of disclosure requirements, including paragraph [440-10-50-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/440/10/#440-10-50-4). For example, a power purchase agreement entered into in connection with the financing of a generation facility subject to the disclosure requirements of Topic 440 may also meet the definition of derivative instrument in paragraphs [815-10-15-83 through 15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) and is accounted for as a derivative instrument at [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.") in the balance sheet. #### Balance Sheet Offsetting ##### [815-10-50-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:780ad31049c9e7e6da849866eff976705b6bf3bd2eb26560b9268706628928bb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A reporting entity's accounting policy to offset or not offset in accordance with paragraph [815-10-45-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-6) shall be disclosed. ##### [815-10-50-7A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-7A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:080e99e8be1043db3f3e8abceb219786ca4e8fba92106a6ed3d5d055562613ae Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A reporting entity also shall disclose the information required by paragraphs [210-20-50-1 through 50-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/210/20/#210-20-50-1) for all recognized derivative instruments accounted for in accordance with Topic 815, including bifurcated embedded derivatives, which are either: 1. a Offset in accordance with either Section 210-20-45 or Section 815-10-45 2. b Subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. ##### [815-10-50-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-8) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:05c72addcff8738862aee3912d58e300fa38a9359a80a8d5d3da5ebe8c309986 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A reporting entity shall disclose the amounts recognized at the end of each reporting period for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral as follows: 1. a A reporting entity that has made an accounting policy decision to offset fair value amounts shall separately disclose amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral that have been offset against net derivative positions in accordance with paragraph [815-10-45-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-5). 2. b A reporting entity shall separately disclose amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral under master netting arrangements that have not been offset against net derivative instrument positions. 3. c A reporting entity that has made an accounting policy decision to not offset fair value amounts shall separately disclose the amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral under master netting arrangements. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance: [270-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/10/#270-10-65-1)For interim and annual reporting periods, a reporting entity shall disclose the amounts recognized at the end of each reporting period for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral as follows: 1. a A reporting entity that has made an accounting policy decision to offset fair value amounts shall separately disclose amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral that have been offset against net derivative positions in accordance with paragraph [815-10-45-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-5). 2. b A reporting entity shall separately disclose amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral under master netting arrangements that have not been offset against net derivative instrument positions. 3. c A reporting entity that has made an accounting policy decision to not offset fair value amounts shall separately disclose the amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral under master netting arrangements. #### Convertible Securities ##### [815-10-50-8A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-8A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:cbe40bc44f6ba25ba22a59ed5750d6a9e0b9e184ec66d4e03b4c9936c9a4bc0f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For guidance on disclosures of information about derivative instrument transactions entered into in connection with the issuance of the convertible securities, see paragraph [470-20-50-1I](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/470/20/#470-20-50-1I) for convertible debt instruments and paragraph [505-10-50-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/505/10/#505-10-50-18) for convertible preferred stock. ##### [815-10-50-8B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-8B) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:80e9562480bf2bf3baaeeedfda40c00eb70eec66e1f9652462a4e04dc748a488 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The disclosure guidance on convertible debt instruments in Section 470-20-50 and on convertible preferred stock in Section 505-10-50 also shall be considered after considering the disclosure guidance in this Section for a conversion option accounted for as a derivative instrument. #### Accounting Policy for Statement of Cash Flows ##### [815-10-50-8C](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-8C) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:2895001c1a817167e148a7e41e91bf2b2700b75195011fce3c5de969e60b671a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) June 30, 2027; (N) June 30, 2027Transition guidance: [105-10-65-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/105/10/#105-10-65-7)See paragraph [230-10-50-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/230/10/#230-10-50-9) for disclosure requirements related to where cash flows associated with derivative instruments and their related gains and losses are presented in the statement of cash flows. ### Certain Contracts on Debt and Equity Securities ##### [815-10-50-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:15.706Z Record version: sha256:21627a953dbfc8a6951f0fa530185072d8bc424fb6ba712f64a19cdd677382bf Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall disclose its accounting policy for the premium paid (time value) to acquire an option that is classified as held to maturity or available for sale. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:083fc7a3b5da5d241674cfe4c815114e324dff63e545c84625e55a88e5f92807 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-55: 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: no #### Implementation Guidance ##### [815-10-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f43d06c792191c35e27fdd8411d0bbed435d33c9e0df7a34d9bfbaf913aa6b45 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section provides guidance on the following implementation matters: 1. a Determining whether a contract is within the scope of this Subtopic 2. b Unit of accounting—a transferable option is considered freestanding, not embedded 3. c Definition of derivative instrument 4. d Instruments not within scope 5. e Scope application to certain contracts 6. f Other presentation matters 7. g Synthetic guaranteed investment contracts. 8. h [Subparagraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [815-10-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-2) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:103c322a746793c02c4418dc2fff5e1e5cc7b98ba97e7c1eb54cfa6dd57f081e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following diagram depicts the process for determining whether a [freestanding contract](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#freestanding-contract "A freestanding contract is entered into either: Separate and apart from any of the entity's other financial instruments or equity transactions In conjunction with some other transaction and is legally detachable and separately exercisable.") is within the scope of this Subtopic. The diagram is a visual supplement to the written standards Sections. It shall not be interpreted to alter any requirements of this Subtopic nor shall it be considered a substitute for the requirements. The relevant paragraphs are identified in the parenthetical note after the question. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-AD2C77A1-3AAC-4DB3-AC3A-76ABDA469D30-low.gif) Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)
Editor's Note: The content of paragraph 815-10-55-2 will change upon transition, together with a change in the heading noted below.
• > Determining Whether a Contract Is within the Scope of This Subtopic
The following diagram depicts the process for determining whether a [freestanding contract](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#freestanding-contract "A freestanding contract is entered into either: Separate and apart from any of the entity's other financial instruments or equity transactions In conjunction with some other transaction and is legally detachable and separately exercisable.") is within the scope of this Subtopic. The diagram is a visual supplement to the written standards Sections. It shall not be interpreted to alter any requirements of this Subtopic or be considered a substitute for the requirements. The relevant paragraphs are identified in the parenthetical note after the question. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-245B7536-100A-4CD9-B2A2-8590330FCE8A-low.gif) ##### [815-10-55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:22bcb12e8cb4aa732f8e4aff1308deb4feee3c9fc06896474f83cf1641bcb670 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Certain structured transactions involving the issuance of a bond incorporate transferable options to call or put the bond. As such, those options are potentially exercisable by a party other than the debtor or the investor. For example, certain put bond structures involving three separate parties—the debtor, the investor, and an investment bank—may incorporate options that are ultimately held by the investment bank, giving that party the right to call the bond from the investor. For example, a call option that is transferable either by the debtor to a third party and thus is potentially exercisable by a party other than the debtor or by the original investor based on the legal agreements governing the debt issuance can result in the investor having different counterparties for the option and the original debt instrument. Accordingly, even if incorporated into the terms of the original debt agreement, such an option may not be considered an [embedded derivative](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#embedded-derivative "Implicit or explicit terms that affect some or all of the cash flows or the value of other exchanges required by a contract in a manner similar to a derivative instrument.") by either the debtor or the investor because it can be separated from the bond and effectively sold to a third party. ##### [815-10-55-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:8aa0cf437a47213782c8c7706b2283764d30e797a353498d5ead2e02d1947a4a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance addresses the following matters: 1. a Notional amount—identifying a commodity contract's notional amount 2. b Initial net investment—initial exchange under currency swap not an initial net investment 3. c Net settlement. ##### [815-10-55-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:872435d4576b72de1b994003b3043436ce3fba44a63a7df55458c1623f2b558b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Many commodity contracts specify a fixed number of units of a commodity to be bought or sold under the pricing terms of the contract (for example, a fixed price). However, some contracts do not specify a fixed number of units. For example, consider the following four contracts that require one party to buy the following indicated quantities: 1. a Contract 1: As many units as required to satisfy its actual needs (that is, to be used or consumed) for the commodity during the period of the contract (a requirements contract). The party is not permitted to buy more than its actual needs (for example, the party cannot buy excess units for resale). 2. b Contract 2: Only as many units as needed to satisfy its actual needs up to a maximum of 100 units. The party is not permitted to buy more than its actual needs (for example, the party cannot buy excess units for resale). 3. c Contract 3: A minimum of 60 units and as many units needed to satisfy its actual needs in excess of 60 units. The party is not permitted to buy more than its actual needs (for example, the party cannot buy excess units for resale). 4. d Contract 4: A minimum of 60 units and as many units needed to satisfy its actual needs in excess of 60 units up to a maximum of 100 units. The party is not permitted to buy more than its actual needs (for example, the party cannot buy excess units for resale). ##### [815-10-55-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:154f04b3f1cfc75835a9a4c6d861572d17097ab05218c39846a11d22806f4141 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Generally, the anticipated number of units covered by a requirements contract is equal to the buyer's needs. When a requirements contract is negotiated between the seller and buyer, both parties typically have the same general understanding of the buyer's estimated needs. Given the buyer's often exclusive reliance on the seller to supply all its needs of the commodity, it is imperative from the buyer's perspective that the supplier be knowledgeable with respect to anticipated volumes. In fact, the pricing provisions within requirements contracts are directly influenced by the estimated volumes. ##### [815-10-55-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f0fba7876da3ee751c91deae181946c49c3edcf4e4afa28c3b4e2c2d079cb213 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance focuses solely on whether the contracts under consideration have a [notional amount](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/n/#notional-amount "A number of currency units, shares, bushels, pounds, or other units specified in a derivative instrument. Sometimes other names are used. For example, the notional amount is called a face amount in some contracts.") pursuant to the definition in this Subtopic. These types of contracts may not satisfy certain of the other required criteria in this Subtopic for them to meet the definition of a [derivative instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument."). The conclusion that a requirements contract has a notional amount as defined in this Subtopic can be reached only if a reliable means to determine such a quantity exists. Application of this guidance to specific contracts is as follows: 1. a Contract 1—requirements contract. The identification of a requirements contract's notional amount may require the consideration of volumes or formulas contained in attachments or appendixes to the contract or other legally binding side agreements. The determination of a requirements contract's notional amount must be performed over the life of the contract and could result in the fluctuation of the notional amount if, for instance, the default provisions reference a rolling cumulative average of historical usage. If the notional amount is not determinable, making the quantification of such an amount highly subjective and relatively unreliable (for example, if a contract does not contain settlement and default provisions that explicitly reference quantities or provide a formula based on historical usage), such contracts are considered not to contain a notional amount as that term is used in this Subtopic. One technique to quantify and validate the notional amount in a requirements contract is to base the estimated volumes on the contract's settlement and default provisions. Often the default provisions of requirements contracts will specifically refer to anticipated quantities to utilize in the calculation of penalty amounts in the event of nonperformance. Other default provisions stipulate penalty amounts in the event of nonperformance based on average historical usage quantities of the buyer. If those amounts are determinable, they shall be considered the notional amount of the contract. 2. b Contract 2—requirements contract with a specified maximum quantity. Whether the contract has a notional amount depends. The same considerations discussed in (a) with respect to Contract 1 also apply to Contract 2; however, the notional amount cannot exceed 100 units. 3. c Contract 3—requirements contract with a specified minimum quantity. The contract has a notional amount. The same considerations discussed in (a) with respect to Contract 1 also apply to Contract 3; however, the notional amount of Contract 3 cannot be less than 60 units. A contract that specifies a minimum number of units always has a notional amount at least equal to the required minimum number of units. Only that portion of the requirements contract with a determinable notional amount would be accounted for as a derivative instrument under this Subtopic. 4. d Contract 4—requirements contract with a specified maximum and minimum quantities. The contract has a notional amount. The same considerations discussed in (a) with respect to Contract 1 also apply to Contract 4; however, the notional amount of Contract 4 cannot be less than 60 units or greater than 100 units. A contract that specifies a minimum number of units always has a notional amount at least equal to the required minimum number of units. Only that portion of the requirements contract with a determinable notional amount would be accounted for as a derivative instrument under this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e7eae15fb4955d17f885048ea40b86e13c1c3526efe094a4a771c18c71697a14 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The definition of a derivative instrument includes contracts that require gross exchanges of currencies (for example, currency swaps that require an exchange of different currencies at both inception and maturity). The initial exchange of currencies of equal [fair values](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.") in those arrangements does not constitute an initial net investment in the contract. Instead, it is the exchange of one kind of cash for another kind of cash of equal value. The balance of the agreement, a forward contract that obligates and entitles both parties to exchange specified currencies, on specified dates, at specified prices, is a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-55-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9e3cf44047e6c3d36b8f661b8373c4c0967545d5f46677d2979e7ee4bafa407d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance addresses the following matters: 1. a Asymmetrical default provision does not constitute net settlement. 2. b Determining whether a structured payout constitutes net settlement. ##### [815-10-55-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9b1b8ca63f96d538cb93404029508db5f6ebb3ead33038466e9ad8551e13b065 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Many commodity forward contracts contain default provisions that require the defaulting party (the party that fails to make or take physical delivery of the commodity) to reimburse the nondefaulting party for any loss incurred as illustrated in the following examples: 1. a If the buyer under the forward contract (Buyer) defaults (that is, does not take physical delivery of the commodity), the seller under that contract (Seller) will have to find another buyer in the market to take delivery. If the price received by Seller in the market is less than the contract price, Seller incurs a loss equal to the quantity of the commodity that would have been delivered under the forward contract multiplied by the difference between the contract price and the current market price. Buyer must pay Seller a penalty for nonperformance equal to that loss. 2. b If Seller defaults (that is, does not deliver the commodity physically), Buyer will have to find another seller in the market. If the price paid by Buyer in the market is more than the contract price, Seller must pay Buyer a penalty for nonperformance equal to the quantity of the commodity that would have been delivered under the forward contract multiplied by the difference between the contract price and the current market price. ##### [815-10-55-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:0142f2709130cae4d3821f2b3b0f897d0b839487d17261ef57eacc0f623f937b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For example, Buyer agreed to purchase 100 units of a commodity from Seller at $1.00 per unit: 1. a Assume Buyer defaults on the forward contract by not taking delivery and Seller must sell the 100 units in the market at the prevailing market price of $.75 per unit. To compensate Seller for the loss incurred due to Buyer's default, Buyer must pay Seller a penalty of $25.00—that is, 100 units × ($1.00 - $.75). 2. b Similarly, assume that Seller defaults and Buyer must buy the 100 units it needs in the market at the prevailing market price of $1.30 per unit. To compensate Buyer for the loss incurred due to Seller's default, Seller must pay Buyer a penalty of $30.00—that is, 100 units × ($1.30 - $1.00). ##### [815-10-55-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:8b0c011780f196c6e8509bf856d58f07346b32eb555a5a938f38fc731284b14a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Note that an [asymmetrical default provision](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#asymmetrical-default-provision "A nonperformance penalty provision that requires the defaulting party to compensate the nondefaulting party for any loss incurred but does not allow the defaulting party to receive the effect of favorable price changes.") is designed to compensate the nondefaulting party for a loss incurred. The defaulting party cannot demand payment from the nondefaulting party to realize the changes in market price that would be favorable to the defaulting party if the contract were honored. ##### [815-10-55-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9257d47187602c195c87696677d911754aa6bbe2e1c044fd0a478cc2f656383d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Under the forward contract in the example, if Buyer defaults when the market price is $1.10, Seller will be able to sell the units of the commodity into the market at $1.10 and realize a $10.00 greater gain than it would have under the contract. In that circumstance, the defaulting Buyer is not required to pay a penalty for nonperformance to Seller, nor is Seller required to pass the $10.00 extra gain to the defaulting Buyer. ##### [815-10-55-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9e404ef6c5336b9b4bacd572fb86dd72000fce1723d28b27ce119bbed8567777 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Similarly, if Seller defaults when the market price is $.80, Buyer will be able to buy the units of the commodity in the market and pay $20.00 less than under the contract. In that circumstance, the defaulting Seller is not required to pay a penalty for nonperformance to Buyer, nor is Buyer required to pass the $20.00 savings on to the defaulting Seller. ##### [815-10-55-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:50ccef9b396ef36d2d0161c4a43d5e8cbfcb591ffe45d709b845e8b9d50aaa58 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In a forward contract with only an asymmetrical default provision, neither Buyer nor Seller can realize the benefits of changes in the price of the commodity through default on the contract. That is, Buyer cannot realize favorable changes in the intrinsic value of the forward contract except in both of the following circumstances: 1. a By taking delivery of the physical commodity 2. b In the event of default by Seller (which is an event beyond the control of Buyer). ##### [815-10-55-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:67efddb9016257e485459d76502f79d912fd0f6dc55c8bfe394b7c0e3282580d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Similarly, Seller cannot realize favorable changes in the intrinsic value of the forward contract except in either of the following circumstances: 1. a By making delivery of the physical commodity 2. b In the event of default by Buyer, which is an event beyond the control of Seller. ##### [815-10-55-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:bea9850a34ec0d52d1388e9482f8b4ed349a9aa6b729c97434c20fdd204f3086 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. However, a pattern of having the asymmetrical default provision applied in contracts between certain counterparties would indicate the existence of a tacit agreement between those parties that the party in a loss position would always elect the default provision, thereby resulting in the understanding that there would always be net settlement. In that situation, those kinds of commodity contracts would meet the characteristic described as net settlement in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100). ##### [815-10-55-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:2186b9765f6a4529343d966b29c9182532a2b9d5c8c31b1ee4405db73890c877 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In contrast, a contract that permits only one party to elect net settlement of the contract (by default or otherwise), and thus participate in either favorable changes only or both favorable and unfavorable price changes in the [underlying](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/u/#underlying "A specified interest rate, security price, commodity price, foreign exchange rate, index of prices or rates, or other variable (including the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a specified event such as a scheduled payment under a contract). An underlying may be a price or rate of an asset or liability but is not the asset or liability itself. An underlying is a variable that, along with either a notional amount or a payment provision, determines the settlement of a derivative instrument."), meets the derivative characteristic described in paragraph [815-10-15-83(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) and discussed in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) for all parties to that contract. Such a default provision allows one party to elect net settlement of the contract under any pricing circumstance and consequently does not require delivery of an asset that is associated with the underlying. That default provision differs from the asymmetrical default provision in the example contract in paragraph [815-10-55-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-10) because it is not limited to compensating only the nondefaulting party for a loss incurred and is not solely within the control of the defaulting party. ##### [815-10-55-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-19) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a55601cdd4835bfcd38b85ab1594ea3e3ac1de9c066c04122390cd92ee83a7a1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-10-15-104](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-104) explains that, upon settlement of a contract, in lieu of immediate net cash settlement of the gain or loss under the contract, the holder may receive a [financial instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#financial-instrument "Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. All contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments meet the definition of asset (liability) set forth in FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, although some may not be recognized as assets (liabilities) in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity. (P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9Cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that both: Imposes on one entity a contractual obligation either: To deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity. Conveys to that second entity a contractual right either: To receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity To exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. The use of the term financial instrument in this definition is recursive (because the term financial instrument is included in it), though it is not circular. The definition requires a chain of contractual obligations that ends with the delivery of cash or an ownership interest in an entity. Any number of obligations to deliver financial instruments can be links in a chain that qualifies a particular contract as a financial instrument. Contractual rights and contractual obligations encompass both those that are conditioned on the occurrence of a specified event and those that are not. Some contractual rights (contractual obligations) that are financial instruments may not be recognized in financial statements—that is, they may be off-balance-sheet—because they fail to meet some other criterion for recognition. For some financial instruments, the right is held by or the obligation is due from (or the obligation is owed to or by) a group of entities rather than a single entity.") involving terms that would provide for the gain or loss under the contract to be received or paid over a specified time period. Such a structured payout of the gain on a contract could also be described as an abnormally high yield on a required investment or borrowing in which the overall return is related to the amount of that contract's gain, in which case the contract would be considered to have met the characteristic of net settlement in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100). ##### [815-10-55-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-20) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:b9ba94b09056301a942d11f95dc7e78a6ff1a8d33089b91ff8821517857f758d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Assume, instead, that, upon settlement of a contract, in lieu of immediate net cash settlement of the gain or loss under the contract, the holder is required to invest funds in or borrow funds from the other party so that the party in a gain position under the contract can obtain the value of that gain only over time as a traditional adjustment of the yield on the amount invested or the interest element on the amount borrowed. (A fixed-rate mortgage [loan commitment](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#loan-commitment "Loan commitments are legally binding commitments to extend credit to a counterparty under certain prespecified terms and conditions. They have fixed expiration dates and may either be fixed-rate or variable-rate. Loan commitments can be either of the following: Revolving (in which the amount of the overall commitment is reestablished upon repayment of previously drawn amounts) Nonrevolving (in which the amount of the overall commitment is not reestablished upon repayment of previously drawn amounts).") is an example of a contract that requires the party in a gain position under the contract to borrow funds at a below-market interest rate at the time of the borrowing to obtain the benefit of that gain.) Paragraph [815-10-15-105](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-105) indicates that such a contract does not meet the characteristic of net settlement in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100). ##### [815-10-55-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-21) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d0211960b471ba70b79ef6cbe8faf822dc7e97d2a88bf7993f51d904c565fc81 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In contrast, paragraph [815-10-15-106](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-106) explains that a contract that requires one party to the contract to invest funds in or borrow funds from the other party so that the party in a gain position under the contract can obtain the value of that gain over time as a nontraditional adjustment of the yield on the amount invested or the interest element on the amount borrowed may meet the characteristic of net settlement in paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100). For example, if a contract required the party in a gain position under the contract to invest $100 in the other party's debt instrument that paid an abnormally high interest rate of 5,000 percent per day for a term whose length is dependent on the changes in the contract's underlying, an analysis of those terms would lead to the conclusion that the contract's settlement terms were in substance a structured payout of the contract's gain and thus that contract would be considered to have met the characteristic of net settlement in that paragraph. ##### [815-10-55-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-22) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:2f23082b3fcfe75015c985bcdb5bf148307ff16a2bff40ff60c4f09178066d97 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance addresses the following matters: 1. a Normal purchases and normal sales—application to power purchase or sales agreements 2. b Dual-trigger financial guarantee contracts 3. c Certain insurance contracts—dual-trigger property and casualty insurance contracts 4. d Derivative instrument that impedes sale accounting 5. e [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2012-04](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2012-04/). ##### [815-10-55-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-23) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:7a4d501bafebeed7b43337ed2950787e85013907f701bf49a862d2592890f85b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance addresses the following matters: 1. a Contracts that combine a forward contract and a purchased option contract 2. b Distinguishing between options that are capacity contracts and financial options on electricity. ##### [815-10-55-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-24) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:39e23990b63e568fcd8e0516bcab20cb2cbab8e238a5286b45b4c1d05a10af2a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-10-15-44](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-44) states that the inclusion of a purchased option that would, if exercised, require delivery of the related asset at an established price under the contract within a single contract that meets the definition of a derivative instrument disqualifies the entire contract from being eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception in this Subsection except as provided in paragraphs [815-10-15-45 through 15-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-45) with respect to certain power purchase or sales agreements. Although the guidance that follows discusses such circumstances in the context of utilities and independent power producers, it applies to all entities that enter into contracts that combine a forward contract and a purchased option contract, not just to utilities and independent power producers. Some utilities and independent power producers have fuel supply contracts that require delivery of a contractual minimum quantity of fuel at a fixed price and have an option that permits the holder to take specified additional amounts of fuel at the same fixed price at various times. Essentially, that option to take more fuel is a purchased option that is combined with the forward contract in a single supply contract. Typically, the option to take additional fuel is built into the contract to ensure that the buyer has a supply of fuel to produce the electricity during peak demands; however, the buyer may have the ability to sell to third parties the additional fuel purchased through exercise of the purchased option. Due to the difficulty in estimating peak electricity load and thus the amount of fuel needed to generate the required electricity, those fuel supply contracts are common in the electric utility industry (though similar supply contracts may exist in other industries). ##### [815-10-55-25](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-25) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:64726f2d6b4d1b4ed38fe63a68a12bb5be09947857842f91717957d7af302cca Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Those fuel supply contracts are not requirements contracts that are addressed in paragraphs [815-10-55-5 through 55-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-5) . Many of those contracts meet the definition of a derivative instrument because they have a notional amount and an underlying, require no or a smaller initial net investment, and provide for net settlement (for example, through their default provisions or by requiring delivery of an asset that is [readily convertible to cash](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#readily-convertible-to-cash "Assets that are readily convertible to cash have both of the following: Interchangeable (fungible) units Quoted prices available in an active market that can rapidly absorb the quantity held by the entity without significantly affecting the price. (Based on paragraph 83(a) of FASB Concepts Statement No. 5, Recognition and Measurement in Financial Statements of Business Enterprises.)(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9Assets that are readily convertible to cash have both of the following: Interchangeable (fungible) units Quoted prices available in an active market that can rapidly absorb the quantity held by the entity without significantly affecting the price.")). The fuel supply contract cannot qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales exception because of the optionality regarding the quantity of fuel to be delivered under the contract. ##### [815-10-55-26](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-26) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f4507525580572803b1b823cebc09612d57ba21a0ea5307155d56e37d2b479ab Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall not bifurcate the forward contract component and the option component of a fuel supply contract that in its entirety meets the definition of a derivative instrument and then assert that the forward contract component is eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales exception. ##### [815-10-55-27](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-27) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:2ce796c89b0ae8c033bc42d30d3787d7e7415df1505a27dde8ed6ed94ec886b1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity may wish to enter into two separate contracts—a forward contract and an option—that economically achieve the same results as the single derivative instrument and determine whether the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception (as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22)) applies to the separate forward contract. ##### [815-10-55-28](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-28) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:674481833b71ec174d62264d58f20f187ebe8aa0cfedaa158bdfd57b9a36134a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Similar to the contractual options discussed in Example 10 (see paragraph [815-10-55-121](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-121)), this guidance addresses option components that would require delivery of the related asset at an established price under the contract. ##### [815-10-55-29](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-29) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:685ef5fb3242f8fde3921cf050072d016413f3541ca1d6e0ca409a385c48170c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the option component does not provide any benefit to the holder beyond the assurance of a guaranteed supply of the underlying commodity for use in the normal course of business and that option component only permits the holder to purchase additional quantities at the market price at the date of delivery (that is, that option component will always have a fair value of zero), that option component would not require delivery of the related asset at an established price under the contract. ##### [815-10-55-30](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-30) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:3e8e28a51975d2aa362bc65df90bbf02e3fbb4c9bd2d41504b9690aa1d7b919c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If an entity's single supply contract included at its inception both a forward contract and an option and, in subsequent renegotiations, that contract is negated and replaced by two separate contracts (a forward contract for a specific quantity that will be purchased and an option for additional quantities whose purchase is conditional upon exercise of the option), the new forward contract would be eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales exception (as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22)), whereas the new option would not be eligible for that exception. From its inception the new separate option would be accounted for under this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-55-31](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-31) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a1e4ba643bcac48d5c94e30243124ab53387708a1b5a9322884a865320168eef Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table lists characteristics of an option that is a [capacity contract](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#capacity-contract "An agreement by an owner of capacity to sell the right to that capacity to another party so that it can satisfy its obligations. For example, in the electric industry, capacity (sometimes referred to as installed capacity) is the capability to deliver electric power to the electric transmission system of an operating control area.") and a traditional option. The characteristics listed may be relevant to the application of paragraph [815-10-15-45(a)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-45). Other characteristics not listed may also be relevant. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-AB24A1F5-A867-4E09-8B43-18475641008B-low.gif) Option Contract That Is a Capacity Contract Financial Option Contract on Electricity 1 The contract usually specifies the power plant or group of power plants providing the electricity. No reference is made to the generation origination of the electricity. 2 The strike price (paid upon exercise) includes pricing terms to compensate the plant operator for variable operations and maintenance costs expected during the specified production periods. The strike price is structured based on the expected forward prices of power. 3 The specified quantity is based on individual needs of parties to the agreement. "The specified quantity reflects standard amounts of electric energy, which facilitate market liquidity (for example, exercise in increments of 10,000 kilowatt-hours)." 4 "The title transfer point is usually at one or a group of specified physical delivery point(s), as opposed to a major market hub." "The specified index transfer point is a major market hub (liquid trading hub), not seller- or buyer-site specific." 5 "The contract usually specifies certain operational performance by the facility (for example, the achievement of a certain heat rate)." No operational performance is specified (not plant specific). 6 "The contract sometimes incorporates requirements for interconnection facilities, physical transmission facilities, or reservations for transmission services." None specified. 7 "The contract may specify jointly agreed-to plant outages (for example, for maintenance) and provide for penalties in the event of unexpected outages." Penalties for outages are not specified (not plant specific). 8 "Damage provisions upon default are usually based on a reduction of the capacity payment (which is not market based). If default provisions specify market liquidating damages, they usually contain some form of floor, ceiling, or both. The characteristics of the default provision are usually tied to the expected generation facility." Damage provisions upon default are based on market liquidating damages. 9 The contract's term is usually long (one year or more). The contract's term is not longer than 18 to 24 months because financial options on electricity are currently illiquid beyond that period. ##### [815-10-55-32](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-32) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:5e267f40119e97b0554ec75c4c96ff7dd19794fc33cdb29ca0774fa6ba7742f7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity ABC extends credit to consumers through credit cards and personal loans of various sorts. Entity ABC is exposed to credit losses from its managed asset portfolio, including owned and securitized receivables. Entity ABC would like to purchase an insurance policy to protect itself against high levels of consumer default. ##### [815-10-55-33](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-33) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6e12cee7c94d185fe4ace83cb42def6ce55b0ab3a4936e2fa4fcac5f0c976e3a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The proposed insurance policy will entitle Entity ABC to collect claims to the extent that its credit losses exceed a specified minimum level but limited to the amount by which the credit losses on a customized pool or index of consumer loans exceed that same specified minimum level. Thus, Entity ABC will collect claims based on the lesser of the following: 1. a Entity ABC's actual credit losses 2. b The credit losses on a customized pool or index of consumer loans. ##### [815-10-55-34](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-34) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:37f31eadfaa4069c2267cf938286023ead41f6fbcb92244e14bb55cd93642981 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Although the insurer's payment to Entity ABC may be affected by credit losses on a customized pool, the payment nevertheless represents compensation for actual credit losses Entity ABC incurred. Entity ABC purchases this insurance to obtain a lower premium because claims are limited by external charge-off rates and the insurer is not exposed to Entity ABC's underwriting performance. ##### [815-10-55-35](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-35) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:bdd5ff9e4f7ecc57676dbbc29f9b54a0580351af073922db769c913f2ef7c7c8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This type of control may also exist in property and casualty reinsurance policies. For example, an insurance entity may purchase reinsurance that covers actual hurricane losses in excess of a specified level in their block of business, but the coverage does not apply to losses in excess of a geographically diversified index of hurricane losses. ##### [815-10-55-36](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-36) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d3ce46cfbefbc1fc05162ad41629b73e53db2bb96e485abf379a119bfcc420bc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Financial guarantee insurance contracts are not subject to this Subtopic only if all of the conditions in paragraph [815-10-15-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-58) are met. The description of the financial guarantee insurance contract in paragraph [815-10-55-32](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-32) is insufficient for determining whether those conditions are met. The following provisions of that contract represent a type of deductible and do not affect the application of the conditions in paragraph [815-10-15-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-58): 1. a The provision that limits any claims to the extent that Entity ABC's actual credit losses exceed a specified minimum level 2. b The provision that limits any payments for those claims to the amount by which the credit losses on a customized pool or index of consumer loans exceed that same specified minimum level. ##### [815-10-55-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-37) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:3efa142c65dbcc68d63bdfa9bce6fc19b23ef0e8b1628e3f843ab69aec22bb49 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A common characteristic of dual-trigger policies is that the payment of a claim is triggered by the occurrence of two events (that is, the occurrence of both an insurable event and changes in a separate pre-identified variable). Because the likelihood of both events occurring is less than the likelihood of only one of the events occurring, the dual-trigger policy premiums are lower than traditional policies that insure only one of the risks. The policyholder is often purchasing the policy to provide for coverage against a catastrophe because if both events occur, the combined impact may be disastrous to its business. ##### [815-10-55-38](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-38) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:73b8435531fe7222924c7aed592614ce43f391edac3a6cec1029963b2ae8d176 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-10-55-40](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-40) addresses seven contracts that illustrate the characteristics of dual-trigger policies offered to different types of policyholders that have different risk management needs. All seven contracts qualify for either the exception in paragraph [815-10-15-53(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-53) for traditional property and casualty contracts or the exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) for non-exchange-traded contracts involving nonfinancial assets. Therefore, the dual-trigger variable in those contracts is not separated and accounted for separately as a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-55-39](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-39) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:142f7f1f6ae1c5b65fd040d59c1f0e2de93dc3076da9e66cb7a51fc521fa5a95 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In contrast, paragraph [815-15-55-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-55-12) states that, if a contract issued by an insurance entity involves essentially assured amounts of cash flows based on insurable events that are highly probable of occurrence (as discussed in paragraph [815-10-15-55(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-55)), an embedded derivative related to changes in the separate pre-identified variable for that portion of the contract would be required to be separately accounted for as a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-55-40](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-40) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:b5bd14666eb913081baebb39418bb81698d2602e7bcf369b8989366e28e42148 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Following are descriptions of seven contracts: 1. a Contract A—electric utility. A dual-trigger policy pays for a level of actual losses caused by the following two events occurring simultaneously: 1. 1 A power outage resulting from equipment failure or storm-related damage causes more than 500 megawatts of lost power. 2. 2 The spot market price for power exceeds $65 per megawatt hour during the storm or equipment-failure period. The contract pays the difference between the strike price and the actual market price for the lost power (that is, the cost of replacement power). 2. b Contract B—trucking delivery entity. A dual-trigger policy pays extra expenses associated with rerouting trucks over a certain time period if snowfall exceeds a specified level during that time period. The snowfall causes delays and creates the need to reroute trucks to meet delivery demands. 3. c Contract C—hospital.A dual-trigger policy pays actual medical malpractice claims above a specified level only if the value of the hospital's equity portfolio falls below a specified level during the same period. 4. d Contract D—iron ore mining entity. A dual-trigger policy pays a specified level of workers' compensation claims (not to exceed actual claims) if the claims exceed a specified level at the same time iron ore prices decrease below a specified level. 5. e Contract E—golf resort in Florida. A dual-trigger policy pays property damage from hurricanes incurred by a specific golf resort in Florida; however, the losses are covered only if other golf courses in the region incur hurricane-related losses and the claims cannot exceed the average property damages incurred by the other golf resorts in the county. 6. f Contract F—cherry orchard in Michigan. A dual-trigger policy pays crop losses incurred due to bad weather during growing season, and the claims are at risk of being reduced based on changes in the inflation rate in Brazil. The cherry producer has no operations in Brazil or any transactions in Brazilian currency. However, a Brazilian cherry producer exports cherries to the United States and is a competitor of the Michigan cherry producer. 7. g Contract G—property-casualty reinsurance contract. Reinsurance contracts, which indemnify the holder of the contract (the reinsured) against loss or liability relating to insurance risk, are accounted for under the provisions of Topic 944. Reinsurance contract provisions often adjust the amount at risk or the price of the amount at risk for a number of events or circumstances, such as loss experience or premium volume, while continuing to provide indemnification related to insurance risk. One type of reinsurance contract, an excess contract, provides the reinsured with indemnification against a finite amount of insured losses in excess of a defined level of insured losses retained by the reinsured. Example 11 (see paragraph [815-10-55-132](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-132)) illustrates a reinsurance contract with a provision that adjusts the retention amount downward based on the performance of a specified equity index. ##### [815-10-55-41](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-41) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:30c868326df9dcfbe4050e7dbe64c1821843df5e78112334242bb5b28b44d3bb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance illustrates application of the scope exception (as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-63](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-63)) for a derivative instrument that impedes sales accounting to situations in which the transferor accounts for the transfer as a financing: 1. a If a transferor transfers financial assets but retains a call option on those assets, the net settlement criterion (as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119)) may be satisfied because the assets transferred are readily obtainable; however, the transfer may fail the isolation criterion in paragraph [860-10-40-5(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/860/10/#860-10-40-5) because of significant continued involvement by the transferor. In that example, because the transferor is required to continue to recognize the assets transferred, recognition of the call option on those assets would effectively result in recording the assets twice. Therefore, the derivative instrument is not subject to the scope of this Subtopic. 2. b In the situation described in (a), the transferor may have sold to the transferee a put option. Exercise of the put option by the transferee would result in the transferor repurchasing certain assets that it has transferred, but which it still records as assets in its balance sheet. Because the transferor is required to recognize the borrowing, recognition of the put option would result in recording the liability twice. Therefore, the derivative instrument is not subject to the scope of this Subtopic. 3. c A transferor may transfer fixed-rate financial assets to a transferee and guarantee a variable-rate return. If the transfer is accounted for as a sale and an interest-rate swap is entered into as part of the contractual provisions of the transfer, the transferor records the interest rate swap as one of the financial components. In that case, the interest rate swap should be accounted for separately in accordance with this Subtopic. However, if the transfer is accounted for as a financing, the transferor records on its balance sheet the issuance of variable-rate debt and continues to report the fixed-rate financial assets; no derivative instrument is recognized under this Subtopic. 4. d In a securitization [transaction](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#transaction "An external event involving transfer of something of value (future economic benefit) between two (or more) entities. (See FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements.)(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9An external event involving transfer of something of value (future economic benefit) between two (or more) entities."), a transferor transfers $100 of fixed-rate financial assets and the contractual terms of the beneficial interests incorporate an interest rate swap with a notional principal of $1 million. If the transfer is accounted for as a sale and the interest rate swap is entered into as part of the contractual provisions of the transfer, the transferor identifies and records the interest rate swap as one of the financial components. In that case, the interest rate swap would be accounted for separately in accordance with this Subtopic. However, if the transfer is accounted for as a financing, the transferor records in its balance sheet a $100 variable-rate borrowing and continues to report the $100 of fixed-rate financial assets. In this instance, because the liability is leveraged, requiring computation of interest flows based on a $1 million notional amount, the liability (which does not meet the definition of a derivative instrument in its entirety) is a [hybrid instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/h/#hybrid-instrument "A contract that embodies both an embedded derivative and a host contract.") that contains an embedded derivative—such as an interest rate swap with a notional amount of $999,900. That embedded derivative is not clearly and closely related to the host contract under Section 815-15-25 (see paragraph [815-15-25-1\[c\]](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1)) because it could result in a rate of return on the counterparty's asset that is at least double the initial rate and that is at least twice what otherwise would be the then-current market return for a contract that has the same terms as the host contract and that involves a debtor with credit quality similar to the issuer's credit quality at inception. Therefore, the derivative instrument must be recorded separately under paragraph [815-15-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1). ##### [815-10-55-42](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-42) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d32dfa240cefd3990f86a817e2959492b2d27526010724406094db43228a1223 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [815-10-55-43](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-43) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6cb5883a39ff3ddcc82021ce6e5f3001a43e63737288f1f3547b18e1f3d1491d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance illustrates the application of Section 815-10-15 in the following situations: 1. a Contract with payment provision 2. b Credit derivatives 3. c Equity options issued to employees and nonemployees 4. d [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-07](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-07/) 5. e Repurchase agreements and wash sales 6. f Short sales (sales of borrowed securities) 7. g Take-or-pay contracts. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)This guidance illustrates the application of Section 815-10-15 in the following situations: 1. a [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-07.](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2025-07/) 2. b Credit derivatives 3. c Equity options issued to employees and nonemployees 4. d [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-07.](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-07/) 5. e Repurchase agreements and wash sales 6. f Short sales (sales of borrowed securities) 7. g Take-or-pay contracts. ##### [815-10-55-44](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-44) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:83eab411a6d7e93334d49298d1890e3937ad7423b55bded02fd95de9e5e7f549 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the contract contains a [payment provision](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#payment-provision "A payment provision specifies a fixed or determinable settlement to be made if the underlying behaves in a specified manner.") that requires the issuer to pay to the holder a specified dollar amount based on a financial variable, the contract is subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)
Editor's Note: Paragraph 815-10-55-44 will be will be superseded upon transition, together with its heading.
• • > Contract with Payment Provision
[Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-07.](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2025-07/) ##### [815-10-55-45](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-45) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9c53be9572eeef451baa871729dfda2d1c9ddc01b13ed693906bae14fc4a909e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Many different types of contracts are indexed to the creditworthiness of a specified entity or group of entities, but not all of them are derivative instruments. Credit-indexed contracts that have certain characteristics described in paragraph [815-10-15-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-58) are guarantees and are not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. Credit-indexed contracts (often referred to as credit derivatives) that do not have the characteristics necessary to qualify for the exception in that paragraph are subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. One example of the latter is a credit-indexed contract that requires a payment due to changes in the creditworthiness of a specified entity even if neither party incurs a loss due to the change (other than a loss caused by the payment under the credit-indexed contract). ##### [815-10-55-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-46) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:54a25bb0656c3cf4f2df054a308c023e365fc4fa5a5c81f7c0e64d1182d50f2a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Some entities issue stock options to grantees in which the underlying shares are stock of an unrelated entity. Consider the following example: 1. a Entity A awards an option to a grantee. 2. b The terms of the option award provide that, if the grantee continues to provide services to Entity A for 3 years, the grantee may exercise the option and purchase 1 share of common stock of Entity B, a publicly traded entity, for $10 from Entity A. 3. c Entity B is unrelated to Entity A and, therefore, is not a subsidiary or accounted for by the equity method. ##### [815-10-55-47](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-47) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e8359708194e7d542df44d0ed6f86777144ab9c3838872ef50bbb6ffec1064f8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The option award in this example is not within the scope of Topic 718 because the underlying stock is not an equity instrument of the grantor. ##### [815-10-55-48](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-48) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:b4f81cb28bb54ab88669394213615ff6fe8ba28b189693c79e88bd3ce059df4e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The option award is not subject to Topic 718. Rather, the option award in the example in paragraph [815-10-55-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-46) meets the definition of a derivative instrument in this Subtopic and, therefore, should be accounted for by the grantor as a derivative instrument under this Subtopic. After vesting, the option award would continue to be accounted for as a derivative instrument under this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-55-48A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-48A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:cfb733a7a1f211c87d165ce3f4a01ec53a304d011a736fe50bf284363e896d46 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraphs [718-10-35-9 through 35-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/718/10/#718-10-35-9) contain the concept that equity instruments that are granted in share-based payment transactions may initially be subject to that Subtopic, but after certain events or circumstances, those equity instruments may cease being subject to that Subtopic. The terms of an award that ceases to be subject to Topic 718 in accordance with paragraphs [718-10-35-9 through 35-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/718/10/#718-10-35-9) should be analyzed to determine whether the award is subject to this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-55-49](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-49) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:5a11ab3e6e13edf1eed039939e0de6658c2c4b571cd09ac4dc9216f5502f9415 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-07](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-07/). ##### [815-10-55-50](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-50) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:155d5a3c37f14f4ad2cbef63a6d2c2c6c6d50ccb0c8201e79d9f7bcae78f732a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-07](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-07/). ##### [815-10-55-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-51) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6e1325e9050204dab264638213b304c5658005e5917fde657ad412563089c324 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-07](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-07/). ##### [815-10-55-52](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-52) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:7b486d519ec25d6e449b700e1272b5d0b52a37324c69c1bafcb9747502f697bf Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-07](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-07/). ##### [815-10-55-53](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-53) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:1ce97765f25676e368f3965301d664ea3c7d4862481abc0b6db143c2dfa8072a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-07](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-07/). ##### [815-10-55-54](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-54) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:3045575897ed68eb3f88f6da2d23d8aa73c9b49dfc3954bc7b4ce510eb7e8934 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The exception in paragraph [815-10-15-74(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74) does not apply to the holder of those derivative instruments. ##### [815-10-55-55](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-55) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:5e8526c674300ba3b067e3667c6684d54382770815c2402047510f9b6c99e169 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Thus, paragraph [815-10-15-75(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-75) explains that equity instruments (including stock options) received by nonemployees as compensation for goods and services are included in the scope of this Subtopic assuming the contract has all the characteristics of a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-55-56](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-56) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:1771956aabb6ce45f38a682207db5dce0133e535b43ec2e9744b8dc242db827b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Repurchase agreements and wash sales that are accounted for as sales (as described in paragraphs [860-10-55-55](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/860/10/#860-10-55-55) and [860-10-55-57](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/860/10/#860-10-55-57)) and in which the transferor is both obligated and entitled to repurchase the transferred asset at a fixed or determinable price contain two separate features, one of which may be a derivative instrument. The initial exchange of financial assets for cash is a sale-purchase transaction—generally not a transaction that involves a derivative instrument. However, the accompanying forward contract that gives the transferor the right and obligation to repurchase the transferred asset involves an underlying and a notional amount (the price of the security and its denomination), and it does not require an initial net investment in the contract. Consequently, if the forward contract requires delivery of a security that is readily convertible to cash or otherwise meets the net settlement criterion as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-99](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-99), it is subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-55-57](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-57) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:965f7f010c7e062917d3c71ae1c1deea9fd42affcece50bb222e2b75b0eabb62 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following discussion applies only to short sales with the characteristics described. Some groups of transactions that are referred to as short sales may have different characteristics. If so, a different analysis would be appropriate, and other derivative instruments may be involved. Short sales (sales of borrowed securities) typically involve all of the following activities: 1. a Selling a security (by the short seller to the purchaser) 2. b Borrowing a security (by the short seller from the lender) 3. c Delivering the borrowed security (by the short seller to the purchaser) 4. d Purchasing a security (by the short seller from the market) 5. e Delivering the purchased security (by the short seller to the lender). Those five activities involve three separate contracts. ##### [815-10-55-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-58) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:0a8fd410850a646f42fa888a966fdaa6276aff520ac87f9caf9a3bd1167c64fc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract that distinguishes a short sale involves activities in (b) and (e) in the preceding paragraph, borrowing a security and replacing it by delivering an identical security. Such a contract has two of the three characteristics of a derivative instrument. The settlement is based on an underlying (the price of the security) and a notional amount (the [face amount](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#face-amount "See Notional Amount.") of the security or the number of shares), and the settlement is made by delivery of a security that is readily convertible to cash. However, the other characteristic, no initial net investment or an initial net investment that is smaller by more than a nominal amount than would be required for other types of contracts that would be expected to have a similar response to changes in market factors, is not present. (See paragraphs [815-10-15-94 through 15-96](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-94) .) The borrowed security is the lender's initial net investment in the contract. Consequently, the contract relating to activities in (b) and in (e) in the preceding paragraph is not a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-55-59](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-59) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:264fe3dbf7093623cde1e5fb1ad6d93970b9c912d124eaccf591da9a8065cf08 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The other two contracts (one for activities in paragraph [815-10-55-57\[a\]](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-57) and in paragraph [815-10-55-57\[c\]](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-57) and the other for activity in paragraph [815-10-55-57\[d\]](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-57)) are routine and do not generally involve derivative instruments. However, if a forward purchase or forward sale is involved, and the contract does not qualify for the exception in paragraphs [815-10-15-15 through 15-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-15) , it is subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-55-60](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-60) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6d19c0fc6c67d28bf929d3b5a3e864876f3ac512122678e73b26651217a205e2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Whether a [take-or-pay contract](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#take-or-pay-contract "Under a take-or-pay contract, an entity agrees to pay a specified price for a specified quantity of a product whether or not it takes delivery.") is subject to this Subtopic depends on its terms. For example, if the product to be delivered is not readily convertible to cash and there is no net settlement option, the contract fails to meet the net settlement criterion in paragraph [815-10-15-83(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) and is not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. In certain circumstances, a take-or-pay contract may represent or contain a lease that should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842. (Paragraph [815-10-15-79](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-79) explains that leases subject to that Topic are not subject to this Subtopic.) ##### [815-10-55-61](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-61) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:bb8b5f95a546fd96a1ce14809389ff80aac3ce4d571e2e7c018616a3703205b3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [815-10-55-62](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-62) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:b10d8b8d4c40074747b083482cef72c2a169cc79ebd04b76900f7059ebd73d1f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Determining whether realized gains and losses on physically settled derivative instruments not held for [trading purposes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#trading-purposes "The determination of what constitutes trading purposes is based on the intent of the issuer or holder and shall be consistent with the definition of trading in paragraph 320-10-25-1(a).") should be reported in the income statement on a gross or net basis is a matter of judgment that depends on the relevant facts and circumstances. Consideration of the facts and circumstances should be made in the context of the various activities of the entity rather than based solely on the terms of the individual contracts. In evaluating the facts and circumstances for purposes of determining whether an arrangement should be reported on a gross or net basis, all of the following may be considered: 1. a The economic substance of the transaction 2. b The guidance set forth in Topic 845 relative to nonmonetary exchanges 3. c The principal versus agent considerations provided in paragraphs [606-10-55-36 through 55-40](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/606/10/#606-10-55-36) . ##### [815-10-55-63](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-63) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:72046e10f0bd9562297d5d3dcca86c11780ba278316b55c7decfe453ebb60989 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. From the perspective of the issuer of the contract, synthetic guaranteed investment contracts are derivative instruments as defined in this Subtopic. Synthetic guaranteed investment contracts contain an underlying, the formula by which interest is calculated, and a notional amount. The interplay between the fair value of a portfolio of segregated assets and a notional amount together determine the amount of the settlement(s), if any, due from the contract issuer, after considering all contract terms. Depending on the specifics of the contract, a synthetic guaranteed investment contract requires either no initial investment or the payment of a risk charge or fee (covering either the entire contract or, more typically, an initial period of the contract). The terms of a synthetic guaranteed investment contract require net settlement because the issuer of the contract makes a payment to the holder equal to the net amount due. For a background discussion of synthetic guaranteed investment contracts, including a comparison with traditional and benefit-responsive guaranteed investment contracts, see paragraph [815-10-05-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-8). Example 17 (see paragraph [815-10-55-169](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-169)) illustrates contractual terms of a synthetic guaranteed investment contracts. ##### [815-10-55-64](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-64) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:3397b6547fd21c109bd892fb074bf98c8f2bf04f880e4d77ff5a527954fe4f31 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [815-10-55-65](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-65) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:381dd426c3cfc8992e32411121c9a14d684535948c896b2cbf15a3e9e572662e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). #### Illustrations ##### [815-10-55-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-66) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:1eaf65bb6e819e757be2fddabbab1dc55ea5c28b64372ea9a9e4446b6b72cbe1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases illustrate the application of paragraph [815-10-15-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-6): 1. a Attached call option (Case A) 2. b Transferable call option (Case B). ##### [815-10-55-67](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-67) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:1b70b8bb49ff8be689a0d50af2051ab48eda5ccca5f811738e76d72baaec1bd1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case presents a transaction that involves the addition of a call option contemporaneously with or after the issuance of debt. ##### [815-10-55-68](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-68) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e5303ae3b36d98b50105fc631910dfd750d6cf7427423fc307f426ad634b4eb8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity X issues 15-year puttable bonds to an Investment Banker for $102. The put option may be exercised at the end of five years. Contemporaneously, the Investment Banker sells the bonds with an attached call option to Investor A for $100. (The call option is a written option from the perspective of Investor A and a purchased option from the perspective of the Investment Banker.) The Investment Banker also sells to Investor B for $3 the call option purchased from Investor A on those bonds. The call option has an exercise date that is the same as the exercise date on the embedded put option. At the end of five years, if interest rates increase, Investor A would presumably put the bonds back to Entity X, the issuer. If interest rates decrease, Investor B would presumably call the bonds from Investor A. ##### [815-10-55-69](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-69) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:436a541b198d6f822d1128105d6e04f3a328061ccc5b9c352ee97eb3ec7ba45d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As required by paragraph [815-10-15-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-6), the call option that is attached by the Investment Banker is a separate derivative instrument from the perspective of Investor A. ##### [815-10-55-70](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-70) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:38e023a7e812a8f2fe21824ddf984111c37345c073eb355a7743f70eb3fa2a37 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case presents a group of transactions with a similar overall effect to that in Case A. ##### [815-10-55-71](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-71) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:7bc81026208596999a32b873bf1ea33f507bbd88c68f565a16572b94d38d49d0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity Y issues 15-year puttable bonds to Investor A for $102. The put option may be exercised at the end of five years. Contemporaneously, Entity Y purchases a transferable call option on the bonds from Investor A for $2. Entity Y immediately sells that call option to Investor B for $3. The call option has an exercise date that is the same as the exercise date of the embedded put option. At the end of five years, if rates increase, Investor A would presumably put the bonds back to Entity Y, the issuer. If rates decrease, Investor B would presumably call the bonds from Investor A. ##### [815-10-55-72](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-72) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e5a8133dbe66a39fcfa6b1b1e0229e32f803fd898acc9dcf0cdb1941f4525b13 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As required by paragraph [815-10-15-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-6), the call option is a separate freestanding derivative instrument that must be reported at fair value with changes in value recognized currently in earnings unless designated as a hedging instrument. ##### [815-10-55-73](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-73) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:0c1e5e060c644939ff56ac22c1d9035a682e6b9bd98603ccd19a827390b0d8f0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates whether a contract meets the criterion in paragraph [815-10-15-83(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) related to initial net investment and therefore meets the definition of a derivative instrument and, if not, whether there is an embedded derivative that warrants separate accounting. ##### [815-10-55-74](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-74) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e250812ea1d8f1e2b3f742da60a7801cac9e712bce34331c62e6563c80b8aa91 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity enters into a forward contract that requires the purchase of 1 share of an unrelated entity's common stock in 1 year for $110 (the market forward price) and at inception of the contract, the entity elects to prepay the contract pursuant to its terms for $105 (the current price of the share of common stock). ##### [815-10-55-75](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-75) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6a43a7bae603391b2c8124f1285176b3aea45bf87a85b0cc6720c27eb34ff9b6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If no prepayment is made at inception, the contract would meet the criterion in paragraph [815-10-15-83(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) because it does not require an initial net investment but, rather, contains an unexercised election to prepay the contract at inception. If the contract gives the entity the option to prepay the contract at a later date during its 1-year term (at $105 or some other specified amount), exercise of that option would be accounted for as a loan that is repayable at $110 at the end of the forward contract's 1-year term. If, instead, the entity elects to prepay the contract at inception for $105, the contract does not meet the definition of a freestanding derivative instrument. The initial net investment of $105 is equal to the initial price of the 1 share of stock being purchased under the contract and therefore is equal to the investment that would be required for other types of contracts that would be expected to have a similar response to changes in market factors. That is, the initial net investment is equal to the amount that would be exchanged to acquire the asset related to the underlying. ##### [815-10-55-76](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-76) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:0de7a22e367c951cca5ed5df0ba5e1b7ec90d5eaf429def698b3adb8b3f2ba6e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. However, the entity must assess whether that nonderivative instrument contains an embedded derivative that, pursuant to paragraph [815-15-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1), requires separate accounting as a derivative unless the fair value election is made pursuant to paragraph [815-15-25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-4). In this instance, the prepaid contract is a hybrid instrument that is composed of a debt instrument as the host contract (that is, a loan that is repayable at $110 at the end of the forward contract's 1-year term) and an embedded derivative based on equity prices. The host contract is a debt instrument because the holder has none of the rights of a shareholder, such as the ability to vote the shares and receive distributions to shareholders. (See paragraph [815-15-25-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-16).) Unless the hybrid instrument is remeasured at fair value with changes in value recorded in earnings as they occur, the embedded derivative must be separated from the host contract because the economic characteristics and risks of a derivative based on equity prices are not clearly and closely related to a debt host contract, and a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative would be a derivative instrument subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-55-77](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-77) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:1ad11b399b7f59d8d7c402e0074ddff0e96d4c338698ee0482605dedc6633d3f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases illustrate the determination of an underlying if a commodity contract includes a fixed element and a variable element: 1. a A commodity contract between two parties to transact a fixed quantity at a specified future date at a fixed price (such as the commodity's forward price at the inception of the contract) (Case A) 2. b A commodity contract between two parties to transact a fixed quantity at a specified future date at whatever the prevailing market price might be at that future date (Case B) 3. c A commodity contract having features of both a fixed-price contract and variable-price contract; specifically, an agreement to purchase a commodity in the future at the prevailing market index price at that future date plus or minus a fixed basis differential set at the inception of the contract (Case C). ##### [815-10-55-78](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-78) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:10abfe0d224f13d49cc7b783676ce3ba55f5c665427c9516dffb4ed958400aeb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Assume that each of the contracts in Cases A, B, and C has the characteristics of notional amount, underlying, and no initial net investment and that the commodity to be delivered is readily convertible to cash as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119). ##### [815-10-55-79](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-79) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:8b18e39cce195fe58c6e2d5b65680adabaa30a3201126c951de4a6d5132990da Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This fixed-price commodity contract is a derivative instrument because it meets all the criteria in paragraph [815-10-15-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83), including having an underlying (namely, the price of the commodity), as required by paragraph [815-10-15-83(a)(1)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83). The contract's fair value will change as the underlying changes because the contract price is not the prevailing market price at the future transaction date. A party to this contract would need to determine if the normal purchases and normal sales exception (see discussion beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22)) applies to the contract. ##### [815-10-55-80](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-80) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9ae292a713e8a725c7a81176fbc63ad5e9a585d21a08ae5fe3686abcda990ccc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This variable-price commodity contract is a derivative instrument because it meets all the criteria in paragraph [815-10-15-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83), including having an underlying (namely, the price of the commodity), as required by paragraph [815-10-15-83(a)(1)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83). However, because the contract price is the prevailing market price at the future transaction date, the variable-price commodity contract would not be expected to have a fair value other than zero. A party to this contract would need to determine if the normal purchases and normal sales exception (see discussion beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22)) applies to the contract. ##### [815-10-55-81](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-81) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9acdb15dda9fe82e55b86821daadea80fe9eb95d84cca0044146bc672112c234 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In a commodity contract between a buyer and seller of crude oil, the buyer is a refinery that seeks to use the crude oil in the production of unleaded gasoline. The buyer agrees in January to buy 1,000,000 barrels of a specific type of crude oil in July from the seller at the July 1 West Texas Intermediate index price plus $1.00 per barrel. The contract appears to be primarily a variable-price contract, but includes a fixed margin above that price. (If the buyer or the seller no longer wants exposure to fluctuations in the West Texas Intermediate index between January and July, it will separately use the futures market to fix the West Texas Intermediate index portion of the contract.) ##### [815-10-55-82](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-82) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:66e247c07c9bccc7a497af4b7dc0cb17667da466ee84360980967b890e21b956 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The fixed $1.00 differential is commonly referred to as the basis differential, but it reflects multiple factors, such as timing, quality, and location. If not fixed, the basis differential can be very volatile, because it captures the passage of time (a financing element), changes in relative value of different qualities (or grades) of crude to each other (light versus heavy, sweet versus sour), and changes in the attractiveness of locations from the central pricing hub (Cushing, Oklahoma) relative to each other factor. Supply and demand is a critical factor in influencing the changes in basis due to quality and location; for example, an increase in imports of light crude through the Gulf of Mexico corridor will tend to lower the basis differential for light crude (falling prices due to increased supply) and tend to direct domestic supplies of light crude to northern U.S. locations (because the foreign oil fills southern U.S. demand), lowering the basis differential for contracts calling for delivery at northern points (again due to increased supply in the North). The basis differential therefore is not a simple fixed transport charge, but rather a complex and volatile variable in itself. For this reason, energy traders may specialize solely in [trading](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#trading "An activity involving securities sold in the near term and held for only a short period of time. The term trading contemplates a holding period generally measured in hours and days rather than months or years. See paragraph 948-310-40-1 for clarification of the term trading for a mortgage banking entity.") basis and seeking the most attractive differential at all times relative to the West Texas Intermediate index—fixing and unfixing basis by selling contracts back to counterparties or entering into offsetting contracts with third parties. ##### [815-10-55-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-83) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:2a60860e7ceb9674b77e9495f06b91810bcdc30be93f7349547fcc3d73d94343 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The whole mixed-attribute contract is a derivative instrument because the basis differential is a market variable in determining the final transaction price under the contract, and this variable has been fixed in the contract, producing an underlying. (If the differential was a market pricing convention that typically would not be expected to change, the contract would be a derivative instrument with very minor, if any, fluctuations in fair value.) The fact that the base commodity price in the contract is variable will help to mute the fluctuations in fair value of the contract as a whole, but there still will be potential changes in fair value of the overall contract because of the fixed-basis element. A party to this contract would need to determine if the normal purchases and normal sales exception applies to the contract. (Paragraph [815-20-55-47](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-55-47) explains why such a mixed-attribute contract that is a derivative instrument would generally not be sufficiently effective if designated as the sole hedging instrument in a [cash flow hedge](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#cash-flow-hedge "A hedge of the exposure to variability in the cash flows of a recognized asset or liability, or of a forecasted transaction, that is attributable to a particular risk.") of the anticipated purchase or sale of the commodity.) ##### [815-10-55-84](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-84) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:82cf442f16d584789016caed3944e76fd257d20ecf69db033a38bbebc31ec019 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As required by paragraphs [815-10-15-110 through 15-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) and [815-10-15-119 through 15-120](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119) , respectively, the evaluation of whether a market mechanism exists and whether items to be delivered under a contract are readily convertible to cash must be performed at inception and on an ongoing basis throughout a contract's life. For example, if a market develops, if an entity effects an initial public offering, or if daily trading volume changes for a sustained period of time, then those events need to be considered in reevaluating whether the contract meets the definition of a derivative instrument. Similarly, if events occur after the inception or acquisition of a contract that would cause a contract that previously met the definition of a derivative instrument to cease meeting the criteria (for example, an entity becomes delisted from a national stock exchange), then that contract cannot continue to be accounted for under this Subtopic. The guidance in paragraphs [815-10-15-125 through 15-127](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-125) about assessing the significance of transaction costs is not relevant when determining whether such a contract no longer meets the definition of a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-55-85](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-85) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:387360383157ec1bda706634df93ad4ace7ee89b0e0679416e3291c55c692c63 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases illustrate the importance of ongoing evaluation: 1. a Market mechanism develops after contract inception (Case A). 2. b Initial public offering makes shares readily convertible to cash after contract inception (Case B). 3. c Increased trading activity makes shares readily convertible to cash after contract inception (Case C). 4. d Delisting makes shares not readily convertible to cash after contract inception (Case D). ##### [815-10-55-86](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-86) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6e81a09e036c84ae3879d129923bf9772302b7c62b71e35a1e48c27cf2f4aeca Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A purchase contract for future delivery of commodity X is entered into and, at the inception of the contract, the market for contracts on commodity X is a relatively thin market, such that brokers do not stand ready to buy and sell the contracts. As time passes, the market for commodity X matures and broker-dealer networks develop. The existence of the broker-dealer market and the ability of the purchaser to be relieved of its rights and obligations under the purchase contract are consistent with the characteristics of a market mechanism as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110). Accordingly, the purchase contract will have the characteristics of net settlement as defined by paragraph [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) as broker-dealer networks develop. ##### [815-10-55-87](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-87) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:bd2e18c0afea247deb0e09a46f0eb739c502b78efd845da1d48507fca8a1e4f3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A nontransferable forward contract on a nonpublic entity's stock that provides only for gross physical settlement is generally not a derivative instrument because the net settlement criteria are not met. If the entity, at some point in the future, accomplishes an initial public offering of its shares and the original contract is still outstanding, the shares to be delivered would be considered to be readily convertible to cash (assuming that the shares under the contract could be rapidly absorbed in the market without significantly affecting the price). ##### [815-10-55-88](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-88) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:8486ac03b02c71567b7d171052982b1702797be671711a9ce64dc3c3ce74693a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A nontransferable forward contract on a public entity's stock provides for delivery on a single date of a significant number of shares that, at the inception of the contract, would significantly affect the price of the public entity's stock in the market if sold within a few days. As a result, the contract does not satisfy the readily-convertible-to-cash criterion. However, at some later date, the trading activity of the public entity's stock increases significantly. Upon a subsequent evaluation of whether the shares are readily convertible to cash, the number of shares to be delivered would be minimal in relation to the new average daily trading volume such that the contract would then satisfy the net settlement characteristic. ##### [815-10-55-89](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-89) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:65c26d03ec9e04c2553b9c59a7e71a06666002a89b9e5208762a6edd16e0e55c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A nontransferable forward contract on a public entity's stock meets the net settlement criteria (as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119) in that, at inception of the contract, the shares are expected to be readily convertible to cash when delivered under the contract. Assume that there is no other way that the contract meets the net settlement criteria. The public entity subsequently becomes delisted from the stock exchange, thus causing the shares to be delivered under the contract to no longer be readily convertible to cash. ##### [815-10-55-90](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-90) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:1ca369d93368639865403162e02a873aa4ba9e3c50329040f3ea89d7284670ba Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the concept of [net share settlement](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/n/#net-share-settlement "The party with a loss delivers to the party with a gain shares with a current fair value equal to the gain."). Entity A has a warrant to buy 100 shares of the common stock of Entity X at $10 a share. Entity X is a privately held entity. The warrant provides Entity X with the choice of settling the contract physically (gross 100 shares) or on a net share basis. The stock price increases to $20 a share. Instead of Entity A paying $1,000 cash and taking full physical delivery of the 100 shares, the contract is net share settled and Entity A receives 50 shares of stock without having to pay any cash for them. (Net share settlement is sometimes described as a [cashless exercise](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#cashless-exercise "See Net Share Settlement.").) The 50 shares are computed as the warrant's $1,000 fair value upon exercise divided by the $20 stock price per share at that date. ##### [815-10-55-91](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-91) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:58d7d501eae8d3373d4ef153596c6d336154d3a83178aa3ba5aa330c5fb6eb96 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases illustrate whether an ability to offset constitutes a market mechanism as discussed under paragraph [815-10-15-111(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-111): 1. a Market mechanism relieves rights and obligations (Case A). 2. b Mechanism to offset does not relieve rights and obligations (Case B). 3. c Mechanism to offset relieves rights and obligations (Case C). ##### [815-10-55-92](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-92) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:104edac9d170e3b36331b08263437a2ecc5ff3ea9bfcdd11d671fd8368320d43 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For Cases A and B, assume that the contract would not qualify for the normal purchases and sales exception (as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22)). Assume also for Cases A and B that the asset associated with the underlying is not readily convertible to cash (as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119)). ##### [815-10-55-93](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-93) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9027876421c4d7e62a47dcbc0cd6e43da4e9ac7ca4cd1716f061194f5ac0ad9b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Assume a broker-dealer stands ready to buy and sell a non-exchange-traded commodity forward contract that would relieve either party to the contract of its obligation to make (or right to accept) delivery of the commodity and its right to receive (or obligation to make) payment under the contract by arranging for a broker-dealer to make or accept delivery and paying the broker-dealer a commission plus any difference between the contract price and the current market price of the commodity. ##### [815-10-55-94](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-94) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:0ffa9d6f436b9384b9558fdc27a41d1dfa6cff95e2eb3f06a68f711898768f2d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The arrangement is considered a market mechanism under paragraph [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110). ##### [815-10-55-95](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-95) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:348b9039e57b6b273d0ddd152837b0a823f51ebb56e3fc401e36113ed296a37b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In contrast, an agreement whereby the broker-dealer will merely make (or accept) delivery on behalf of an entity does not relieve the entity of its rights and obligations under the contract and is thereby is not a market mechanism. ##### [815-10-55-96](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-96) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:65043ea186fc5061cff84548540acc31748c37f17c5b1ea795d15716cba7439f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A contracts to sell a commodity such as iron ore to Entity B at a fixed price, and Entity B offsets its purchase contract by entering into a separate contract to sell the same commodity to Entity C at a different fixed price, instructing Entity A to deliver directly to Entity C. If Entity A fails to deliver to Entity C, Entity C will legally look to Entity B for remedy, not Entity A. Even absent failure to perform, Entity B will still pay Entity A, and Entity C will pay Entity B, even though Entity A may deliver directly to Entity C. Assume the contracts in this series have an underlying and a notional amount and, therefore, they will at any given point in time have a positive or negative fair value. ##### [815-10-55-97](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-97) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:5554697ec391599b4272f3436288b518d5f461371bcbc03b4b0c4ea46aa4d75d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The arrangement is not a market mechanism because Entity B is not relieved of its rights and obligations from the original contract. The original contract survives and is not actually sold. The offsetting contract carries a new set of legal rights and obligations; however, those rights and obligations generally offset, rather than relieve, the original contract's set of legal rights and obligations. ##### [815-10-55-98](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-98) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:fd97ed7ae30f636dc00335f4f11d6f5492f08140382175c9901aac5ad027fbce Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A mercantile exchange that trades futures contracts offers a ready opportunity to enter into an offsetting contract that can precisely cancel the rights and obligations of another futures contract (because the counterparty legally is the futures exchange itself), and thus the mercantile exchange does constitute a market mechanism. ##### [815-10-55-99](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-99) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:3130d6b190d681b5d8225257850cab787710ab75b1e2997a3785d6f1464aae9c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases illustrate consideration of the relevance of daily transaction volumes to the characteristic of net settlement in deciding whether, from the investor's perspective, the convertible bond contains an embedded derivative that must be accounted for separately: 1. a Single bond with multiple conversion options (Case A) 2. b Multiple bonds each having single conversion option (Case B). ##### [815-10-55-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-100) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:898e515ced97b9aa65d8392329ac8366b2334ecfdb14fe80c00d9c9a61624c10 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The Cases illustrate that the form of the financial instrument is important; paragraph [815-10-15-123](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-123) explains that individual instruments cannot be combined for evaluation purposes to circumvent compliance with the criteria beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119). Further, paragraph [815-10-15-111(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-111) explains that contracts shall be evaluated on an individual basis, not on an aggregate-holdings basis. ##### [815-10-55-101](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-101) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:8710260925073fc0de614145f53be49f4cf3bb89c149b6d99dc358f729c1276f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Investor A holds a convertible bond classified as an available-for-sale security under Topic 320. The bond has all of the following additional characteristics: 1. a It is not exchange-traded and can be converted into common stock of the debtor, which is traded on an exchange. 2. b It has a face amount of $100 million and is convertible into 10 million shares of common stock. 3. c It may be converted in full or in increments of $1,000 immediately or at any time during the next 2 years. 4. d If it were converted in a $1,000 increment, Investor A would receive 100 shares of common stock. ##### [815-10-55-102](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-102) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:05ff8c5e0037b97ce41508bb5584bddf9484fe803739904cd89ea9e23f8e7986 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Assume further that the market condition for the debtor's stock is such that up to 500,000 shares of its stock can be sold rapidly without the share price being significantly affected. ##### [815-10-55-103](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-103) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:2702ba0753d534fdbfd111bab6d583f16c35bd833b7f554c2210f1f312d9ad22 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The embedded conversion option meets the criteria in paragraph [815-10-15-83(a) through (b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) but does not meet the criteria in paragraphs [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) and [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110), in part because the option is not traded and it cannot be separated and transferred to another party. ##### [815-10-55-104](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-104) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:690516adc092cc48c875b9f754e88960109f7b2c073288f2dc2cb9048194db07 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. It is clear that the embedded equity conversion feature is not clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument. ##### [815-10-55-105](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-105) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:831ba6a4581b3f709ae32e7fe93b705da1d25599bc07a3a7f3ab69df20c19063 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The bond may be converted in $1,000 increments and those increments, by themselves, may be sold rapidly without significantly affecting price, in which case the criteria discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119) would be met. However, if the holder simultaneously converted the entire bond, or a significant portion of the bond, the shares received could not be readily converted to cash without incurring a significant block discount. ##### [815-10-55-106](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-106) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f33b5ee905fa492ee16fa4a91ea8c2c2f402cf5db0bdb4e154b64850e3d0886e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. From Investor A's perspective, the conversion option should be accounted for as a compound embedded derivative in its entirety, separately from the debt host, because the conversion feature allows the holder to convert the convertible bond in 100,000 increments and the shares converted in each increment are readily convertible to cash under the criteria discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119). Investor A need not determine whether the entire bond, if converted, could be sold without affecting the price. ##### [815-10-55-107](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-107) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:8e3a2474d2fefcb20523eebaba9d79ca5a6647d42a6edc7d2f94bbeadd0b0475 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Because the $100 million bond is convertible in increments of $1,000, the convertible bond is essentially embedded with 100,000 equity conversion options, each with a notional amount of 100 shares. Each of the equity conversion options individually has the characteristic of net settlement discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119) because the 100 shares to be delivered are readily convertible to cash. Because the equity conversion options are not clearly and closely related to the host debt instrument, they must be separately accounted for. However, because an entity cannot identify more than 1 embedded derivative that warrants separate accounting, the 100,000 equity conversion options must be bifurcated as a single compound derivative. (Paragraphs [815-15-25-7 through 25-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-7) say an entity is not permitted to account separately for more than one derivative feature embedded in a single hybrid instrument.) ##### [815-10-55-108](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-108) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f497b0511dfe86b303499e9ddd9a805e3eede7273e79688005c279da1abbe5b4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. There is a substantive difference between a $100 million convertible debt instrument that can be converted into equity shares only at one time in its entirety and a similar instrument that can be converted in increments of $1,000 of tendered debt; the analysis of the latter should not presume equality with the former. ##### [815-10-55-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-109) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e498de03bf9c9d05edf452eb26dd2afbc38b77c3b8eac33aaa7e45dc2486c5f2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Investor B has 100,000 individual $1,000 bonds that each convert into 100 shares of common stock. Assume those bonds are individual instruments but they were issued concurrently to Investor B. ##### [815-10-55-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-110) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:ea8192b2a84f0faa52390d3de17bb6361bf095ee755a69d03a0d4b6a6f3ee53e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. From Investor B's perspective, the individual bonds each contain an embedded derivative that must be separately accounted for. Each individual bond is convertible into 100 shares, and the market would absorb 100 shares without significantly affecting the price of the stock. ##### [815-10-55-111](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-111) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6e2f0c896b4be86e7b5b9940cd80c355d534d848fbe95c6c4067df79487dc9cb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the effect of multiple deliveries on the consideration of net settlement described in Section 815-10-15. An entity has a five-year supply contract that obligates it to deliver at a specified price each month a specified quantity of a commodity that has interchangeable (fungible) units and for which quoted prices are available in an active market. However, the quoted prices that are available are for either a spot sale or a forward sale of the commodity with a maturity of 12 months or less. In other words, the forward market for the commodity beyond the next 12 months does not currently exist and is not expected to develop. There are brokers who are willing to take over the rights and obligations relating to the next 12 months of the supply contract, but not for periods beyond the next 12 months. With respect to the active spot market for the commodity, it can rapidly absorb the quantity specified in the supply contract for each individual month but not the total quantity for the entire five-year period in a single transaction (or in multiple transactions over the course of a day or so). ##### [815-10-55-112](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-112) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9a9aec787642fe3671de1ea0862b6f51477f91d111b2f23b5f6ca2c143748fdd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The supply contract does not contain a net settlement provision as described in paragraphs [815-10-15-100 through 15-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100) . ##### [815-10-55-113](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-113) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:29ad601b2c36c91c23dd71db5a1d631318eeda700a906d38005edca73d186ec5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The 5-year commodity supply contract does not meet the net settlement characteristic in paragraph [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) at its inception because there is no market mechanism to net settle the entire 5-year contract—the forward market exists only for the next 12 months while the contract period is for the next 5 years. Accordingly, there is no market mechanism for the entity to settle the entire contract on a net basis. However, if the contract contained contractually separable increments that individually met the net settlement criteria, those contractually separable increments may be embedded derivatives. In this instance, the brokers in the market will not assume the rights and obligations of the entire contract. Note that the market mechanism in the net settlement characteristic in paragraph [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) relates to whether a party to the contract can be relieved of its rights and obligations under the entire contract, not merely whether an independent broker in the market stands ready to assume the selected rights and obligations. ##### [815-10-55-114](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-114) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a929d5f23297cd9dae9458e5451f2558686f4156ac95c3e12631a22b622cf1ca Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The definition of a derivative instrument in this Subtopic must be applied based on the actual terms of the contract, including its maturity date and the total quantity of the underlying. This Subtopic does not permit bifurcation of a 5-year contract into 5 annual contracts, 60 monthly contracts, or 1,826 daily contracts in an attempt to assert that only a portion of the contract meets the definition of a derivative instrument. To do so would be to disregard one of the critical terms of the contract, that is, the term to the maturity date of the contract. ##### [815-10-55-115](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-115) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:b437f6cd8a8ae23d2b106ae9db7e55d5acba6ec84909f2a4c8eda321b53430e6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Based on the guidance in paragraph [815-10-15-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-3), the five-year commodity supply contract in the example, would, at the beginning of the fifth year, be reevaluated to determine whether the contract meets the net settlement characteristic in paragraph [815-10-15-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-110) and would likely meet the characteristic because a forward market for the contract would then exist for the remaining term of the contract. ##### [815-10-55-116](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-116) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:3e90ec3cbc365d4e3d6713036b7898922630c55c18600fc21436915ec8ed5dee Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The five-year commodity supply contract meets the net settlement characteristic as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-119). The criterion discussed beginning in that paragraph is met because an active spot market for the commodity exists today and is expected to be in existence in the future for each delivery date (for example, for quantities to be delivered each day or each month for the next five years) under the multiple delivery supply contract. The spot market can rapidly absorb the quantities specified for each monthly delivery without significantly affecting the price. The fact that the spot market may not be able to absorb within a few days the quantity specified in the entire five-year contract is irrelevant because the performance of the contract is spread out over a five-year period and, therefore, is not expected to occur within a few days. ##### [815-10-55-117](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-117) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d9d2545188f0e39cc080b633436fbd9037e53b1fe7fe9bdabe767ff171dd5849 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example does not address whether or not the contract would qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception as discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22). ##### [815-10-55-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-118) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:756892174303047c54be08d10287653a2968b70dc16d6ceeb502b7e002a9e246 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the application of paragraph [815-10-15-17(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-17). Assume a variety of forward contracts exists for a when-issued security, such as a to-be-announced security, that provides a choice of settlement dates for each of the next three months (such as November, December, or January). An entity enters into a forward contract to purchase the to-be-announced security, which will otherwise meet the qualifications of paragraphs [815-10-15-13 through 15-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-13) , that requires delivery in the second-nearest month (such as December), not the nearest month (such as November). The entity may not apply the [regular-way security trade](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#regular-way-security-trades "Regular-way security trades are contracts that provide for delivery of a security within the period of time (after the trade date) generally established by regulations or conventions in the marketplace or exchange in which the transaction is being executed.") exception to the forward purchase contract that requires delivery of the to-be-announced security in the second-nearest month (such as December). ##### [815-10-55-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-119) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:94c1744413eb663e5c55d0f69d2971e93a58320bf008d9afdade13ad4b6cfc93 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Example, the to-be-announced security (identified by issuer, contractual maturity of the underlying loans, and the net coupon, such as 30-year Government National Mortgage Association \[GNMA\] securities bearing interest of 7 percent) is available under multiple settlement periods (that is, the standardized settlement date in November, December, or January). The regular-way security trade exception may be applied only to forward contracts for that to-be-announced security that require delivery in November, the shortest period permitted for that type of to-be-announced security. The December and January settlement to-be-announced forward contracts must be accounted for as derivative instruments under this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-55-120](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-120) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:170e63aaa027ef90336d685fa415a61541c17dce35107eda7469ffaf1358c0f2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the forward contracts in this Example meet the hedge accounting criteria, they may be designated in cash flow hedges of the anticipated purchase of the securities, as discussed in paragraph [815-20-25-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-22). ##### [815-10-55-121](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-121) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:860dbb10ab6251dbbeea3e76c84500c0eb27d3dc372f48906368ee246b4bb0e9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In some circumstances, an option may be combined with a forward contract. In some instances, the optionality feature in the forward contract can modify the quantity of the asset to be delivered under the contract. In other cases, the optionality feature in the forward contract can modify only the price to be paid or the timing of the delivery. ##### [815-10-55-122](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-122) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:06a3a5c12246acaa367a923b0e9453616a8c62b8f196975684a07d4110a831e9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example presents three Cases of forward contracts with optionality features: 1. a Optionality feature involving price floor (cash-settled put option) written by purchaser and price cap (cash-settled call option) written by seller (Case A) 2. b Optionality feature involving cash-settled put option written by purchaser (Case B) 3. c Optionality feature involving physically settled put option written by purchaser (Case C). ##### [815-10-55-123](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-123) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:7a7c4e7116876f1a7e9e6520fe1693a488a8275084b15e4f82faf63b49cb9738 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In Cases A, B, and C, the optionality feature must be analyzed to determine whether it could modify the quantity of the asset to be delivered under the contract. In doing so, the conclusion as to whether the contract is eligible for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception applies in the same way to both counterparties—the purchaser and the writer of the option (within the forward contract). ##### [815-10-55-124](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-124) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:aab8df5a77be6699e88fd4e8eeaf89e17cdf00a7e4b65a33aa4868f1b63d8b6a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The contracts addressed in this Example do not have a price based on an underlying that is not clearly and closely related to the asset being purchased, nor do they require cash settlement of gains or losses as stipulated in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22). ##### [815-10-55-125](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-125) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:4702a00c6b042760b8e3f769f3780d855a7046c9ff55e356c7ed09d87292d9ac Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-10-15-43](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-43) explains that, if the optionality feature in the forward contract can modify the quantity of the asset to be delivered under the contract, but that option feature has expired or has been completely exercised (even if delivery has not yet occurred), there is no longer any uncertainty as to the quantity to be delivered under the forward contract. That paragraph explains that, following such expiration or exercise, the forward contract would be eligible for designation as a normal purchase or normal sale, provided that the other conditions in paragraph [815-10-15-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-22) are met. ##### [815-10-55-126](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-126) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:ee6c29ca4b314dae9aa9737452d5ded4a40f248a12530d37ffa3dc311eb4755c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A enters into a forward contract to purchase on a specified date a specified quantity of a raw material that is readily convertible to cash. The purchase price is the current market price on the date of purchase, not to exceed a specified maximum price (a cap) nor to be less than a specified minimum price (a floor). ##### [815-10-55-127](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-127) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:bfa93fa056f42af2a2d791c39530684f0bb91ea54eb9045dc0fa1effbfb6c606 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, the optionality feature cannot modify the quantity to be delivered; thus, the contract is eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception. ##### [815-10-55-128](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-128) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:03dce91301cebd8fb19423bf618f6baaf2a832759a1f27b5549826d7b5244b10 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity B enters into a forward contract to purchase on a specified date a specified quantity of a raw material that is readily convertible to cash. The contract's purchase price is a fixed amount per unit that is below the current forward price; however, if the market price on the date of purchase has fallen below a specified level, Entity B's purchase price would be adjusted to a higher fixed amount significantly in excess of the current forward price at the inception of the contract. (The contract entered into by Entity B is a compound derivative consisting of a forward contract to purchase raw material at the original fixed price and a written option that obligates Entity B to purchase the raw material for the higher adjusted price if the market price of the raw material falls below the specified level. In exchange for the written option, Entity B received a premium representing the difference between the purchase price in the contract and the forward market price of the raw material at the inception of the contract.) ##### [815-10-55-129](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-129) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6ac3ed4dc80da5a0fe4dc8a0413f5b28dca3f66302d8311cc969d256136678d5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The forward purchase contract in this Case is eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception because the optionality feature in the contract cannot modify the quantity to be delivered. ##### [815-10-55-130](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-130) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:27e62f73c66ea84699a14ab9ac61bc93719fb5307ecfde98aaa45ca007005df9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity C enters into a forward contract to purchase on a specified date a specified quantity of a raw material that is readily convertible to cash. The contract's purchase price is a fixed amount per unit that is below the current forward price. However, if the market price on the date of purchase has fallen below a specified level that is below the contract's fixed purchase price, Entity C would be required to purchase a specified additional quantity of the raw material at the contract's fixed purchase price (which is above the current market price on the date of purchase). (The contract entered into by Entity C is a compound derivative consisting of a forward contract to purchase raw material at the original fixed price and a written option that obligates Entity C to purchase additional quantities of the raw material at an above-market price if the market price of the raw material falls below the specified level.) ##### [815-10-55-131](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-131) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e7ea390bea1926528121c23c2a7841d3a5180222b3f4edc3636243dc7b751552 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The contract in this Case is not eligible to qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception because the optionality feature in the contract can modify the quantity of the asset to be delivered under the contract. ##### [815-10-55-132](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-132) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:b6aab80414cda7c634b95982fc2d5ce48fd04bd6685071b77244bb56afe2dc71 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates a reinsurance contract with a provision that adjusts the retention amount downward based on the performance of a specified equity index as discussed in paragraph [815-10-55-40(g)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-40). Reinsurer enters into a reinsurance contract with Reinsured to indemnify Reinsured for certain insured losses in excess of a defined retention. The intent of the coverage is to protect Reinsured from significant or catastrophic property-casualty losses. The coverage would include a retention amount that would be adjusted downward according to a scale tied to the Dow Jones Industrial Average. If a catastrophic loss occurs, Reinsured would likely have to liquidate some of its investment holdings (bonds or equities) to pay its losses, which exposes Reinsured to significant investment risk in a down market. The adjustment feature provides protection against investment risk by allowing Reinsured to recover more losses in a declining investment market. Reinsured has no ability to receive appreciation in the Dow Jones Industrial Average. 1. a Parties: Reinsurer and Reinsured 2. b Coverage: Property losses 3. c Period: January 1, X1, through December 31, X1 4. d Retention: $20 million per occurrence, adjusted downward in the same percentage as period-to-date (from January 1, X1, to measurement date) decreases in the Dow Jones Industrial Average, not to exceed 50% 5. e Limit: $15 million per occurrence, $15 million per annum 6. f Premium: $1.4 million per annum. ##### [815-10-55-133](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-133) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:4c2df148d38a9b6bfb7cbe237bc809659bb54842912daecad8bd0d9009c1617a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Both of the following scenarios assume that the Dow Jones Industrial Average on January 1, X1, was 10,000. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-ACFF4650-B40D-4902-A4A8-B932377E886B-low.gif) Scenario 1 Scenario 2 7/1/X1 9/1/X1 7/1/X1 9/1/X1 Property-casualty losses " $25,000,000 " " $25,000,000 " " $15,000,000 " " $15,000,000 " Dow Jones Industrial Average " 10,000 " " 8,000 " " 10,000 " " 7,000 " Retention " 20,000,000 " " 16,000,000 " " 20,000,000 " " 14,000,000 " Recovery under contract " 5,000,000 " " 9,000,000 " - " 1,000,000 " ##### [815-10-55-133A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-133A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:4b8e4d912db5388b78af8d76f8543f37ea1a5d097cfa381647cbf2949c131a57 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As discussed in paragraph [815-10-55-38](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-38), the contract qualifies for the exception in paragraph [815-10-15-53(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-53) for traditional property and casualty contracts and, so, the dual-trigger variable in the contract is not separated and accounted for separately as a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-55-134](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-134) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:92ac63e7d2c5bcea3c45a3d2b00eccfb5a80c7b3575f29b75cc10ca7a582205a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [815-10-15-55(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-55) for a contract involving essentially assured amounts. Insured Entity has received at least $2 million in claim payments from its insurance entity (or at least $2 million in claim payments were made by the insurance entity on the insured entity's behalf) for each of the previous 5 years related to specific types of insured events that occur each year. That minimum level of coverage would not qualify for the insurance contract scope exclusion. ##### [815-10-55-135](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-135) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:c230532bca4dc42b0d20c0cd161d328a8d6723fe6c8c4c1ff9a713afd25de171 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases illustrate the difference between physical and financial variables for purposes of applying the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59): 1. a Contract containing both a physical variable and a financial variable (Case A) 2. b Contract containing only a physical variable (Case B) 3. c Contract containing only a financial variable (Case C). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)
Editor's Note: The heading that precedes paragraph 815-10-55-135 will be amended upon transition as shown below. The content of the paragraph will not change.
•> Example 13: Certain Contracts That Are Not Traded on an Exchange—Distinguishing between Physical and Financial Variables
The following Cases illustrate the difference between physical and financial variables for purposes of applying the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59): 1. a Contract containing both a physical variable and a financial variable (Case A) 2. b Contract containing only a physical variable (Case B) 3. c Contract containing only a financial variable (Case C). ##### [815-10-55-136](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-136) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9d93afe905932ae3c804329f4501fa34f020fd6967be8442b0c1534ea9801e8d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract's payment provision specifies that the issuer will pay to the holder $10,000,000 if aggregate property damage from all hurricanes in the state of Florida exceeds $50,000,000 during the year 2001. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)
Editor's Note: The content of paragraph 815-10-55-136 will change upon transition, together with a change in the heading noted below.
••> Case A: Contract Containing both a Physical Variable and a Financial Variable
A contract's [payment provision](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#payment-provision "A payment provision specifies a fixed or determinable settlement to be made if the underlying behaves in a specified manner.") specifies that the issuer will pay to the holder $10,000,000 if aggregate property damage from all hurricanes in the state of Florida exceeds $50,000,000 during the year 2001. ##### [815-10-55-137](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-137) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d10935a1ca717b34cd27db5d90f18594bb2f2921cea6e18d6936b2facb5b2d6c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, the payment under the contract occurs if aggregate property damage from all hurricanes in the state of Florida exceeds $50,000,000 during the year 2001. The contract contains 2 underlyings—a physical variable (that is, the occurrence of at least 1 hurricane) and a financial variable (that is, aggregate property damage exceeding a specified or determinable dollar limit of $50,000,000). Because of the presence of the financial variable as an underlying, the derivative instrument does not qualify for the scope exclusion in paragraph [815-10-15-59(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)If the contract contains a payment provision that requires the issuer to pay to the holder a specified dollar amount based on a financial variable, the contract is subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. In this Case, the payment under the contract occurs if aggregate property damage from all hurricanes in the state of Florida exceeds $50,000,000 during the year 2001. The contract contains 2 underlyings—a physical variable (that is, the occurrence of at least 1 hurricane) and a financial variable (that is, aggregate property damage exceeding a specified or determinable dollar limit of $50,000,000). Because of the presence of the financial variable as an underlying, the derivative instrument does not qualify for the scope exclusion in paragraph [815-10-15-59(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-138](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-138) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f99d88d297eb4f6980a334c15a580c548c53d8c75fea88a46d4d8b4fa06d816b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract specifies that the issuer pays the holder $10,000,000 in the event that a hurricane occurs in Florida in 2001. ##### [815-10-55-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-139) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:4405de799eb14dcfa3d645cdb65f58b4111d433d925694c7df9879d33f8b1b84 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a contract contains a payment provision that requires the issuer to pay to the holder a specified dollar amount that is linked solely to a climatic or other physical variable (for example, wind velocity or flood-water level), paragraph [815-10-15-59(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) provides that the contract is not subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. ##### [815-10-55-140](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-140) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:1400021ee428cb582217bbd57b612eff1db4c376beff822bcea1048aff09616d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, the payment provision is triggered if a hurricane occurs in Florida in 2001. The underlying is a physical variable (that is, occurrence of a hurricane). Therefore, the contract qualifies for the scope exclusion in paragraph [815-10-15-59(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-141](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-141) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6add083c53369b6a3f3e125b60237586a3a821f06ed5168e4f923d1739463dea Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contract would be a traditional insurance contract that is excluded from the scope of this Subtopic under the exception discussed beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-52](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-52)if the contract requires a payment only if the holder incurs a decline in revenue or an increase in expense as a result of an event (for example, a hurricane) and the amount of the payoff is solely compensation for the amount of the holder's loss. ##### [815-10-55-142](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-142) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a181b4f4008b62a6dbf0e0558e04b25eb2db84d4e85345208f4aafd5e097e8ea Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example addresses the application of the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Entity A enters into a non-exchange-traded forward contract to buy from Entity B 100 interchangeable (fungible) units of a nonfinancial asset that are not readily convertible to cash. The contract permits net settlement through its default provisions. Entity A already owns more than 100 units of that nonfinancial asset, but Entity B does not own any units of that nonfinancial asset. ##### [815-10-55-143](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:97c111ad26c52d126f92e09ece13c4a74d142cd7edeecaec206380647ffcab1e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) does not apply to the accounting for the contract for both of the following reasons: 1. a The contract's settlement is based on an underlying associated with a nonfinancial asset that is not unique (because it is based on the price or value of an interchangeable, nonfinancial unit). 2. b The entity that owns the nonfinancial asset related to the underlying (that is, Entity A) is the buyer of the units and thus would benefit from the forward contract if the price or value increases. Consequently, neither Entity A nor Entity B qualifies for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143A) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:51df2ce3740ba75645998b6224d9cd689a41e318d2dc932278ef87faeef7a257 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The following Cases illustrate application of the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59): 1. a Research and Development Funding Arrangement—Underlyings based on the occurrence of regulatory approval and achieving an earnings target (Case A) 2. b Monetization Transaction—Underlyings based on the occurrence of regulatory approval and achieving a sales target (Case B) 3. c Sustainability-Linked Bond—Underlying based on the failure to meet a greenhouse gas emissions reduction target (Case C) 4. d Litigation Funding Arrangement between Litigant and Funder—Underlying based on the occurrence of a successful litigation outcome (Case D) 5. e Litigation Funding Arrangement between Law Firm and Funder—Underlying based on the occurrence of a successful litigation outcome (Case E) 6. f Commodities-Based Arrangement—Underlying based on a market price of gold (Case F) 7. g Variable Payment Arrangement—Underlying based on the occurrence of regulatory approval (Case G) 8. h Earnout Arrangement—Underlying based on earnings activity (Case H) 9. i Variable Payment Arrangement—Underlying based on stock price differential (Case I) 10. j Credit Default Swap Arrangement—Underlying based on the occurrence of a credit event by the reference entity (Case J). ##### [815-10-55-143B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143B) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:54ea16fdd550d10be1629d3be57c7b1c0bfc71c75f68afca3ef0b5f1b7aeea89 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Entity A and Entity B enter into a research and development funding arrangement. Under the arrangement, Entity B provides funding of $50 million so that Entity A may develop and commercialize a drug compound. The arrangement has no clawback feature. Upon regulatory approval of the drug, Entity A pays $20 million to Entity B. Once the drug is commercialized, Entity A pays an additional $80 million to Entity B when gross profit related to the drug exceeds $500 million. ##### [815-10-55-143C](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143C) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:b2b326e03f5470775739be17a545eb09a213b88b10cfbf260f6c4e5e85579e6a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The arrangement contains 2 underlyings: the occurrence of regulatory approval and an earnings measure (gross profit related to the drug exceeding $500 million). Because the occurrence of regulatory approval and gross profit relate to the drug that Entity A is developing, both of the underlyings are based on the operations or activities of Entity A. Whether the occurrence of regulatory approval is within the control of Entity A does not impact the conclusion that the underlying qualifies for the scope exception. Neither underlying is based on a market rate, market price, market index, or the price or performance (including default) of a financial asset or financial liability of one of the parties to the contract as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1) and (e)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Also, the exclusions related to contracts involving an entity’s own equity or call options and put options on debt instruments as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(3) and (e)(4)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) do not apply. Therefore, those two underlyings each qualify for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143D) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a5e05a490f009a4a1215841253821db6e5c27fb679362a6834195e758cd336ff Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Entity A licenses its intellectual property to a third party to develop and commercialize a drug compound. While Entity A is not involved in the development and commercialization activities of the drug compound, the third party has agreed to pay Entity A (a) $20 million upon regulatory approval of the drug and (b) future royalties based on sales of the drug once the drug is commercialized. Entity A separately enters into an arrangement with Entity B. Under this arrangement, Entity B pays $50 million to Entity A in exchange for the right to receive a portion of both the (a) $20 million payment upon regulatory approval of the drug and (b) future royalties based on sales of the drug. Entity B is involved in the arrangement solely for investment purposes and is not involved in the development and commercialization of the drug. ##### [815-10-55-143E](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143E) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d7a2a5337f2f93ca70b839d30e89c8501490ecc1e73746502a7f3b28fd0a40e4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The evaluation of the scope exception in this Example focuses on the arrangement between Entity A and Entity B. That arrangement contains two underlyings: the occurrence of regulatory approval and sales of the drug. Both of the underlyings are based on the operations or activities of Entity A because in this arrangement Entity A licenses the intellectual property and receives licensing income for both the regulatory approval payment and the royalties from sales of the drug. Whether the occurrence of regulatory approval is within the control of Entity A does not impact the conclusion that the underlying qualifies for the scope exception. Neither underlying is based on a market rate, market price, market index, or the price or performance (including default) of a financial asset or financial liability of one of the parties to the contract as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1) and (e)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Also, the exclusions related to contracts involving an entity’s own equity or call options and put options on debt instruments as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(3) and (e)(4)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) do not apply. Therefore, those two underlyings each qualify for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143F](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143F) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:75e0a6fc8a125e1398d60c04c2edfe25515409bedcea7acd6854770b1b69125b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)On July 1, 20X1, Entity A issues a five-year fixed-rate bond. If Entity A’s parent entity, Parent Company, fails to meet a specified greenhouse gas emissions reduction target that includes both direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions (including upstream and downstream emissions) at the consolidated group level by June 30, 20X3, the fixed interest rate on Entity A’s bond increases by 0.25 percent for the remaining term. Entity A and Parent Company are committed to meeting the target and taking actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The bond is a hybrid instrument that contains an embedded feature that is required to be evaluated for bifurcation. The embedded feature contains one underlying: the failure to meet a greenhouse gas emissions reduction target at the consolidated group level. Because Entity A is a subsidiary of Parent Company, the failure to meet the greenhouse gas emissions reduction target at the consolidated level is considered an activity specific to one of the parties to the contract for the purposes of both Entity A’s standalone financial statements and Parent Company’s consolidated financial statements. The underlying is not based on a market rate, market price, market index, or the price or performance (including default) of a financial asset or financial liability of one of the parties to the contract as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1) and (e)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Also, the exclusions related to contracts involving an entity’s own equity or call options and put options on debt instruments as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(3) and (e)(4)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) do not apply. Therefore, the underlying qualifies for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143G](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143G) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9d52f6d4a25dd4b154872e390052b18089a763b0685b746eeead40984d40ac95 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Entity A, a litigant seeking to recover patent infringement damages, enters into a funding arrangement with Entity B. Under the arrangement, Entity B provides $1 million to fund Entity A’s litigation. The arrangement has no clawback feature. Upon a successful litigation outcome, Entity A will pay Entity B 50 percent of the settlement amount that it receives from the resolution of the litigation. ##### [815-10-55-143H](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143H) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:345ccc7703b6b841a513ea0691275ed4500a6bfe0a8f4336457dfbf8ba778606 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The arrangement between Entity A and Entity B contains one underlying: the occurrence of a successful litigation outcome. The settlement amount (and the percentage of this amount) received from the resolution of the litigation is a payment provision. Because Entity A is engaged in the legal proceeding, the underlying is based on the operations or activities of Entity A. The underlying is not based on a market rate, market price, market index, or the price or performance (including default) of a financial asset or financial liability of one of the parties to the contract as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1) and (e)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Also, the exclusions related to contracts involving an entity’s own equity or call options and put options on debt instruments as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(3) and (e)(4)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) do not apply. Therefore, the underlying qualifies for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143I](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143I) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:7312ecff16b0f6345f7d2325bb317917f8efd100f48b66d3abd4befd96c0f7a3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Entity C, a law firm, has been engaged to represent a litigant whereby legal fees are calculated as 30 percent of the final judgment (the settlement amount). Entity C separately enters into a funding arrangement with Entity B. Under the arrangement, Entity B provides funding of $1 million so that Entity C may hire additional staff to perform research related to the litigant’s legal proceeding. The arrangement has no clawback feature. Upon a successful litigation outcome, Entity C will pay Entity B 50 percent of the legal fees received from the litigant. ##### [815-10-55-143J](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143J) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a9c29a8be36ecac4ac08783a650d05ced6ed0eb8ff18c4f2cb02621261a6fd74 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The evaluation of the scope exception in this Example focuses on the arrangement between Entity C and Entity B. That arrangement contains one underlying: the occurrence of a successful litigation outcome related to the litigant that Entity C is representing. The settlement amount (and the percentage of this amount) received by the litigant is a payment provision. Because Entity C is engaged to represent the litigant in the legal proceeding, the underlying is based on the operations or activities of Entity C. The underlying is not based on a market rate, market price, market index, or the price or performance (including default) of a financial asset or financial liability of one of the parties to the contract as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1) and (e)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Also, the exclusions related to contracts involving an entity’s own equity or call options and put options on debt instruments as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(3) and (e)(4)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) do not apply. Therefore, the underlying qualifies for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143K](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143K) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d9b08fd8afc3df672e8d8cbd30a7f9fb29cff28d6451fe06ac879d287ba9e3f3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Entity A buys and sells gold as part of its operations. Entity A enters into a contract with Entity B whereby Entity A receives an upfront payment in exchange for a specified percentage of a price increase in the market price of gold. The arrangement contains one underlying: the market price of gold. The underlying is based on a market price as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Therefore, the underlying does not qualify for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143L](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143L) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:608d975d67614d5e0973b2eae6ecdfd35da9fdc672354a49cf16acffbe96bcc5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Entity A, a pharmaceutical company, acquires Entity B, a biotechnology start-up company that does not meet the definition of a business. As part of the transaction, Entity A and the sellers of Entity B enter into a variable payment arrangement whereby Entity A will pay the sellers of Entity B an additional $2 million upon regulatory approval of a drug compound that Entity B is developing. ##### [815-10-55-143M](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143M) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:1a98511de1b950ce08afeae08654de191e39c40fff5e8d6b19c28e63bcf7a4ed Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The arrangement contains one underlying: the occurrence of regulatory approval. The occurrence of regulatory approval relates to the drug that Entity B is developing as part of its operations. The underlying is not based on a market rate, market price, market index, or the price or performance (including default) of a financial asset or financial liability of one of the parties to the contract as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1) and (e)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Also, the exclusions related to contracts involving an entity’s own equity or call options and put options on debt instruments as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(3) and (e)(4)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) do not apply. Therefore, the underlying qualifies for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143N](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143N) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d344377bc62636f70dfa03b631a9f4850729b1079aabae3ea58a27d767bcee8b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Entity A acquires a patent from Entity B. As part of the transaction, Entity A and Entity B enter into an earnout arrangement whereby Entity A will pay Entity B $3 for each $1 that earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) associated with the manufacturing and sale of products that rely on that patent is in excess of $1 million on the 1-year anniversary of the purchase date. If EBITDA associated with the manufacturing and sale of products using the patent does not exceed $1 million, Entity A does not owe Entity B any amounts under the earnout arrangement. ##### [815-10-55-143O](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143O) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a3b8e10a7b6f6ec1b5af6ba82f4a0a463a714fd0e818ac7870bc96135c0039ff Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The arrangement contains one underlying: an earnings measure (EBITDA) related to the manufacturing and sale of products that rely on the patent acquired by Entity A. The underlying is not based on a market rate, market price, market index, or the price or performance (including default) of a financial asset or financial liability of one of the parties to the contract as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1) and (e)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Also, the exclusions related to contracts involving an entity’s own equity or call options and put options on debt instruments as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(3) and (e)(4)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59) do not apply. Therefore, the underlying qualifies for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143P](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143P) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:726f294266059822ec90095a6e806fbc1880a78219195f22e5a725affa9e1466 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Entity A acquires Entity B (which does not meet the definition of a business) in exchange for two million shares of Entity A’s common stock. As part of the acquisition agreement, Entity A agrees to pay cash to the sellers of Entity B if the quoted market price of Entity A’s common stock is less than $100 on the 1-year anniversary of the acquisition date. Specifically, if the quoted market price of Entity A’s common stock is less than $100 on the 1-year anniversary of the acquisition date, the total amount paid in cash to the sellers of Entity B is equal to $100 minus Entity A’s common stock price on the 1-year anniversary of the acquisition date multiplied by 2 million shares. ##### [815-10-55-143Q](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143Q) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e0c17443dea66443b38d445adcbd59d71c26be5a768f479390be519cbac860a1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The arrangement contains 1 underlying: the common stock price differential ($100 less Entity A’s common stock price at the 1-year anniversary of the acquisition date). The underlying is based on a market price as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Therefore, the underlying does not qualify for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-143R](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143R) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:fd7e4f2a75a58799497501fba11d843e19919edb2c412fded1df2e02897e4bd0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)Entity A holds a debt instrument issued by Entity C. Entity A separately enters into a credit default swap arrangement with Entity B to obtain credit protection on its debt investment in Entity C (the reference entity). As part of that arrangement, Entity A makes periodic premium payments to Entity B, and, in exchange, Entity B agrees to make a cash payment to Entity A if the reference entity defaults on the debt instrument. ##### [815-10-55-143S](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-143S) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:916ba3f01a701555c68d9ed7f90b259f97d5e407c9aa0a1638650baae59fa82c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8)The arrangement contains one underlying: the occurrence of an event of default by the reference entity. While the underlying is not based on a market rate, market price, or market index as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(1)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59), the underlying is based on the price or performance (including default) of a financial asset of one of the parties to the contract (the debt instrument held by Entity A) as described in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). Therefore, the underlying does not qualify for the scope exception in paragraph [815-10-15-59(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-59). ##### [815-10-55-144](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-144) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:5b570ff6c3876418f45b397c419890b17b610cbb05d940ae9be50a945eac5e5d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the application of paragraph [815-10-15-74(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74). Assume that Entity A, whose functional currency is the U.S. dollar (USD), and the Counterparty enter into a one-year forward contract that is indexed to Entity A's common share price translated into euros (EUR) at [spot rates](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/s/#spot-rate "The exchange rate for immediate delivery of currencies exchanged.") and that will be settled in net shares of Entity A. If the value of Entity A's common stock in EUR appreciates, then Entity A will receive from the Counterparty a number of shares of Entity A stock equal to the appreciation. If the value of Entity A's stock in EUR depreciates, then Entity A will pay Counterparty a number of shares of Entity A stock equal to the depreciation. Thus, the forward contract is indexed both to Entity A's common stock and the USD/EUR currency exchange rates. ##### [815-10-55-145](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-145) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:2c08f92045bfa985158788edc671fd97b238297d75eff87277ec8103e9274f6f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Assume further that Entity A's common stock price at inception is USD 100 per share, and the forward exchange rate of USD to EUR is 1:1.2. The strike price of the forward contract is then set at EUR 120. One year later, the share price of Entity A rises to USD 150, and the spot exchange rate of USD to EUR is 1:1. Then, the share price of Entity A translated is EUR 150. At settlement, Entity A will receive from the Counterparty 20 shares of its own common stock according to the following calculation: - (EUR 150 - EUR 120) × 100 shares = EUR 3,000 - EUR 3,000 ÷ EUR 150 per share = 20 shares ##### [815-10-55-146](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-146) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a59bcb557063f6c17024b07b652d511fa6423bf16cf522df64d9eeb4cc0b4043 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A forward contract that is indexed to both an entity's own stock and currency exchange rates should be accounted for as a derivative instrument in its entirety by both parties to the contract if the contract in its entirety meets the definition of a derivative instrument in paragraphs [815-10-15-83 through 15-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) . ##### [815-10-55-147](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-147) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:01521e2b439b00cc7f4dcf1dce8b55bfbb7859caf72272bcfb8459dd307bfd10 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-20-25-71(a)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-71) prohibits separating a derivative instrument into components based on different risks. Consequently, it would be inappropriate to bifurcate the forward contract described in this Example according to its differing exposures to changes in Entity A's stock price and changes in the USD/EUR exchange rate and then attempt to apply paragraph [815-10-15-74(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-74) only to the exposure to changes in Entity A's stock price. That paragraph must be applied to an entire contract. ##### [815-10-55-148](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-148) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:c71fb0cd7c352a729eb3c792f8adf296cb759998b9c6f0df76fb02c2563cae17 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases illustrate the accounting for a [prepaid interest rate swap](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#prepaid-interest-rate-swap "A prepaid interest rate swap contract obligates one party to make periodic payments to another party that are based on a variable interest rate applied to an effective notional amount. It is characterized as an at-the-money interest rate swap for which the fixed leg has been fully prepaid, with the result that the party that receives the variable-leg-based payments has no obligation whatsoever to make any future payments under the swap. Under that characterization, the fair value of the fixed leg and the fair value of the variable leg are equal and offsetting because the at-the-money interest rate swap has an overall fair value of zero."): 1. a Prepaid interest rate swap (Case A) 2. b Prepaid interest rate swap that must be bifurcated (Case B) 3. c Prepaid interest rate swap variation (Case C). ##### [815-10-55-149](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-149) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e9af005fa6152fc0714b929ed5a7810c3db9d6d4a56638ad1064d8e1868251c3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Cases A, B, and C assume both parties to the contract have the same AA credit rating. If the party that is obligated to make the variable payments has a different credit rating (such as BBB), the effect of that different creditworthiness should be reflected in the discount rate used to determine the present value of the amounts payable by that party under the contract. ##### [815-10-55-149A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-149A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:50664d762a623ca8f3e982838ecd696018017667ba0654365f0e3bcc6426b182 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Case A illustrates the application of paragraph [815-10-15-97](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-97). ##### [815-10-55-150](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-150) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:5d9d884805f4be374f854d1ae487ef709fdcc169f7ad8aa3a34465526a08b979 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A pays $1,228,179 to enter into a prepaid interest rate swap contract that requires the counterparty to make quarterly payments based on a $10,000,000 [effective notional amount](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#effective-notional-amount "The effective notional amount is the stated notional amount adjusted for any leverage factor.") and a variable interest rate equal to 3-month U.S. dollar- (USD-) denominated [London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#london-interbank-offered-rate-swap-rate "The fixed rate on a single-currency, constant-notional interest rate swap that has its variable-rate leg referenced to the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) with no additional spread over LIBOR on that variable-rate leg. That fixed rate is the derived rate that would result in the swap having a zero fair value at inception because the present value of fixed cash flows, based on that rate, equate to the present value of the variable cash flows. (P) December 16, 2018; (N) December 16, 2020815-20-65-4Glossary term superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-16."). The prepaid interest rate swap contract is characterized as an at-the-money 2-year interest rate swap with a $10,000,000 notional amount, a fixed interest rate of 6.65 percent, and a variable interest rate of the 3-month USD LIBOR (that is, the same terms as the swap in Example 6 \[see paragraph [815-30-55-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/30/#815-30-55-24)\], which has a zero fair value at inception), for which the fixed leg has been fully prepaid. The amount of $1,228,179 is the present value of the 8 quarterly fixed payments of $166,250—that is, $10,000,000 x LIBOR swap rate of 6.65 percent / 4). The present value is based on the implied spot rate for each of the 8 payment dates under the assumed initial yield curve in that Example. ##### [815-10-55-151](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-151) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:23ee331e4b2f6e22054419831999f0adf1896bcdd92d5c128050e99ffa6194f5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The prepaid interest rate swap contract could also be characterized as a 2-year, structured note (contract) with a principal amount of $1,228,179 and loan payments based on a formula equal to 8.142 times 3-month USD LIBOR. (Note that 8.142 = 10,000,000 / 1,228,179.) The terms of the structured note specify no repayment of the principal amount either over the two-year term of the structured note or at the end of its term. The 8.142 leverage factor causes the [effective notional amount](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#effective-notional-amount "The effective notional amount is the stated notional amount adjusted for any leverage factor.") of the structured note also to be $10,000,000. ##### [815-10-55-152](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-152) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:2c74f493f9d62bf516c2784c55706e6afd8406a64b00058df4eb51ff54654626 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The prepaid interest rate swap contract meets the characteristic of a derivative instrument in paragraph [815-10-15-83(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) because it has an underlying and an effective notional amount. It also meets the characteristic of a derivative instrument in paragraph [815-10-15-83(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) because neither party is required to deliver an asset that is associated with the underlying and that has a principal amount, stated amount, face value, number of shares, or other denomination that is equal to the notional amount (see paragraph [815-10-15-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-100)). At issue is whether the prepaid interest rate swap contract meets the characteristic of a derivative instrument described in paragraph [815-10-15-83(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) related to the initial net investment in a contract. ##### [815-10-55-153](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-153) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:14f7bae0a83b85b59fb14bf61bbd0c67ee2233b018f58ecd1c6a975a90169801 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The prepaid interest rate swap contract does not meet the definition of a derivative instrument because it does not satisfy the characteristic of a derivative instrument described in paragraph [815-10-15-83(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) related to the initial net investment in the contract. Specifically, the prepaid interest rate swap contract is excluded from the definition of a derivative instrument by the clarifying guidance on initial net investment beginning in paragraph [815-10-15-94](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-94). The prepaid interest rate swap contract in this Case requires an initial net investment that is determined by applying the effective notional amount of $10,000,000 to the underlying (3-month USD LIBOR) for each of the 8 payment dates specified by the terms of the contract. The initial net investment of $1,228,179 required to enter into the contract is the present value of the 8 quarterly fixed-leg swap payments of $166,250—that is, $10,000,000 × 6.65 percent / 4. Because the LIBOR swap rate reflects the applicable portions of the forward three-month USD LIBOR rate curve for the settlement dates that relate to the specific payments under the swap, the initial net investment is considered to have been determined by applying the effective notional amount to the underlying and then adjusted for the time value of money. ##### [815-10-55-154](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-154) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:5f809179e7cdf30378d9a6c3751555d48f81309aa94287fa20116878d90eb988 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. That is, as stated in paragraph [815-10-15-97](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-97), a contract that requires an initial net investment in the contract that is in excess of the amount determined by applying the effective notional amount to the underlying is also not a derivative instrument in its entirety. ##### [815-10-55-155](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-155) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:c4dbfc426bf2a78d9cbc89eea04240d0356331d63a73c05b7a7bed7d918b9593 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See related analysis in Case B. ##### [815-10-55-156](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-156) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:5fe4aa082b9428c4a4e94a23501c25b9dc5ad929e0a1a93dd1f268b0f68a2320 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity B pays $1,782,245 to enter into a prepaid interest rate swap contract that requires the counterparty to make quarterly payments based on a $10,000,000 effective notional amount and a variable interest rate equal to the sum of 3-month USD LIBOR and 300 basis points. The prepaid interest rate swap contract is characterized as an at-the-money 2-year interest rate swap with a $10,000,000 notional amount, a fixed interest rate of 9.65 percent, and a variable interest rate of 3-month USD LIBOR plus 300 basis points, for which the fixed leg has been fully prepaid. The amount of $1,782,245 is the present value of the 8 quarterly fixed payments of $241,250—that is, $10,000,000 x the fixed rate of 9.65 percent / 4. The present value is based on the implied spot rate for each of the 8 payment dates under the assumed initial yield curve in Example 6 (see paragraph [815-30-55-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/30/#815-30-55-24)). ##### [815-10-55-157](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-157) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6b4753a87ffe8741e0567eeff242c9688e7f0e3fecd54c147d50ff7fa820eeb4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, the underlying is 3-month USD LIBOR (even though the variable rate is 3-month USD LIBOR plus 300 basis points) and the amount determined by applying the effective notional amount to the underlying (and then adjusted for the time value of money) is $1,228,179, the same as in Case A. The initial net investment for the prepaid interest rate swap in this Case is $1,782,245, an amount that is in excess of $1,228,179—the amount referred to in paragraph [815-10-15-95](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-95) as being determined by applying the effective notional amount to the underlying. Consequently, the prepaid interest rate swap in this Case is not a derivative instrument in its entirety. ##### [815-10-55-158](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-158) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:9a3875e0c8262bdf16eba337bc8350b5f4870e3bc3896d45dcd384b8fd8cc538 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Because the prepaid interest rate swap contract is not a derivative instrument in its entirety, it should be evaluated to determine whether the contract contains an embedded derivative that, pursuant to paragraph [815-15-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-1), requires separate accounting as a derivative instrument. ##### [815-10-55-159](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-159) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6987b68f0e4455878ca5b4380a4a16c3bfb9d27b24b30934d59f4e9b1470c0d1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The prepaid interest rate swap contracts in Cases A and B are hybrid instruments that are composed of a debt instrument (the host contract) and an embedded derivative based on three-month USD LIBOR. ##### [815-10-55-160](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-160) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:7de8ca8677759d8717a79dd468b9e9cf2858d7e3edbe0a5ef0562a40272b287e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The embedded derivative contains a provision that could result in the investor (that is, the entity receiving the variable payments) not recovering substantially all of its initial recorded investment in the hybrid instrument under its contractual terms. That is, LIBOR may possibly decrease to such a level that the investor may not recover its initial net investment. ##### [815-10-55-161](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-161) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:81c8a1543f72399a10b6591eca068bf0e53d7222d46bfd45ecfb0ed846589ebe Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Therefore, the embedded interest rate swap is not considered clearly and closely related to the host contract under paragraph [815-15-25-26(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-25-26) with respect to the accounting by both parties to the contract. ##### [815-10-55-162](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-162) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:19c9bba174c77bbc5678325059ee7dc80c591f59103f848957e8980436485f18 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. That paragraph states that if an embedded interest rate derivative contains a provision that permits any possibility whatsoever that the investor's (or creditor's) undiscounted net cash inflows over the life of the instrument would not enable the investor to recover substantially all of its initial recorded investment in the hybrid instrument under its contractual terms, the embedded derivative and the debt host contract are not clearly and closely related. ##### [815-10-55-163](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-163) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f7e3c75ef65be42fa8ad1e6b1f45b53b5b9bf16aa6cd72aac65bdb869bc82c07 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Therefore, unless the contracts described in Cases A and B are remeasured at fair value with changes in value recorded in earnings as they occur, both prepaid interest rate swap contracts should be bifurcated by both parties to the contract into a debt host contract whose initial carrying amount is equal to the fair value of the prepaid interest rate swap contracts ($1,228,179 and $1,782,245, respectively) and an interest rate swap whose fair value is zero at inception of the hybrid instrument, consistent with the guidance in paragraph [815-15-30-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/15/#815-15-30-4). ##### [815-10-55-164](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-164) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:fae510ac35525270631a0b116ebb5eb8e54d3da62a049ae92b97f2ab597d71f9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The bifurcated interest rate swap contains no financing element that would require special cash flow reporting under paragraphs [815-10-45-11 through 45-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-45-11) . ##### [815-10-55-165](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-165) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:1f3742cc32528fca51d402f7ac006e31d147e0cc0214b1f95d1d7abf75adb9bf Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The reporting of the cash flows for the related debt host contract would be subject to the provisions of Topic 230. ##### [815-10-55-166](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-166) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:927aa219281d87f1a3333e22b9ee662f26a07cf24a76453550c0a36b4a3561cc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity C pays $1,043,490 to enter into a contract that requires the counterparty to make quarterly payments based on a $10,000,000 effective notional amount and a variable interest rate equal to the 3-month USD LIBOR minus 100 basis points. In the event that 3-month USD LIBOR is less than 100 basis points, Entity C is obligated to make payments to the counterparty. The prepaid interest rate swap contract is characterized as an at-the-money 2-year interest rate swap with a $10,000,000 notional amount, a fixed interest rate of 5.65 percent, and a variable interest rate of 3-month USD LIBOR minus 100 basis points, for which the fixed leg has been fully prepaid. The amount of $1,043,490 is the present value of the 8 quarterly fixed payments of $141,250—that is, $10,000,000 x the fixed rate of 5.65 percent / 4. The present value is based on the implied spot rate for each of the 8 payment dates under the assumed initial yield curve in Example 6 (see paragraph [815-30-55-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/30/#815-30-55-24)). ##### [815-10-55-167](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-167) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a8cce12eeff7e8b8812aee5db9bd3eebf49cb56e7cc00939afcf09453ba593e0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, the underlying is 3-month USD LIBOR (even though the variable rate is 3-month USD LIBOR minus 100 basis points) and the amount determined by applying the effective notional amount to the underlying (and then adjusted for the time value of money) is $1,228,179, the same as in Case A. The initial net investment for the contract in this Case is $1,043,490, an amount that is less than $1,228,179. (The contract is considered not to be fully prepaid because Entity C has not prepaid all obligations imposed on it by the contract; Entity C is obligated to make future payments under certain conditions, as noted in the preceding paragraph.) The difference of $184,689 (about 15 percent) is more than a nominal amount if compared to $1,228,179. Consequently, the contract in this Case is a derivative instrument in its entirety. ##### [815-10-55-168](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-168) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f12fbc40f7a28a47ff20f66baa19e971390d0dcff465c20d54cf3621bfd3db7c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The amounts in this Case are not intended to provide quantitative guidance for distinguishing between being less by more than a nominal amount and being less by only a nominal amount. The initial net investment for a contract could be less than the amount determined by applying the effective notional amount to the underlying by a percentage lower than 15 percent and still be considered to be _less, by more than a nominal amount_ under paragraph [815-10-15-96](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-96). ##### [815-10-55-169](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-169) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d436319a8b358f8875b77b2294e77c96645aac8bcba68c966c523e433bc66417 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [815-10-55-63](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-63) explains that, from the perspective of the issuer of the contract, synthetic guaranteed investment contracts are derivative instruments as defined in this Subtopic. For a background discussion of synthetic guaranteed investment contracts, including a comparison with traditional and benefit-responsive guaranteed investment contracts, see paragraph [815-10-05-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-05-8). This Example illustrates the contractual terms of a synthetic guaranteed investment contract. ##### [815-10-55-170](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-170) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:878ae51f87f9d805f8f17188b462d5eeb7337f8754640a7102368002e4f5565f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. On January 1, 2000, ABC issues a synthetic guaranteed investment contract to the XYZ Pension Fund. XYZ has a fixed return plan option that provides participants with a guaranteed 6 percent return for a 3-year period. The plan's invested assets consist of one public, $50 million par value, 6.50 percent, AA-rated, fixed-rate, noncallable, semiannual payment bond that matures at par on December 31, 2002. (A simplistic assumption that is unrealistic because the plan would diversify its exposure by owning various bonds.) XYZ acquired the bond at par on January 1, 2000. ABC is charging XYZ 12 basis points per year on the $50 million plan balance, or $60,000 per year. Assume that the market yield applicable to this bond immediately increased to 8 percent and caused the following events to occur: 1. a The bond price decreased to $48,342,000. 2. b All plan participants requested that their funds be transferred to another plan fund. 3. c XYZ exercised its put option to transfer the bond to ABC in exchange for a $50 million cash payment. 4. d ABC honored its synthetic guaranteed investment contract obligation and acquired the bond for $50 million. 5. e XYZ used the $50 million proceeds to make the transfer of participant funds to the newly selected fund. ##### [815-10-55-171](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-171) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:8036562b4c8d27b98f356cd59045393bf9936dd85c9e2647a8038c38f7cc69f9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases illustrate when separate transactions should be viewed as a unit: 1. a Swaps that should be viewed as a unit (Case A) 2. b Swaps that should not be viewed as a unit (Case B). ##### [815-10-55-172](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-172) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f2a65a49a280c38d097eb9c46851286599147a8fb7c9568aae1f7b5db02cbfde Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In Cases A and B, an entity that is the issuer of fixed-rate debt enters into an interest rate swap (Swap 1) and designates it as a hedge of the fair value exposure of the debt to [interest rate risk](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#interest-rate-risk "For recognized variable-rate financial instruments and forecasted issuances or purchases of variable-rate financial instruments, interest rate risk is the risk of changes in the hedged item's cash flows attributable to changes in the contractually specified interest rate in the agreement. For recognized fixed-rate financial instruments, interest rate risk is the risk of changes in the hedged item's fair value attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate. For forecasted issuances or purchases of fixed-rate financial instruments, interest rate risk is the risk of changes in the hedged item's cash flows attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate."). The [fair value hedge](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value-hedge "A hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability, or of an unrecognized firm commitment, that are attributable to a particular risk.") of the fixed-rate debt involving Swap 1 meets the required criteria in Section 815-20-25 to qualify for hedge accounting. The entity simultaneously enters into a second interest rate swap (Swap 2) with the same counterparty with the exact mirror terms as Swap 1 and does not designate Swap 2 as part of that hedging relationship. ##### [815-10-55-173](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-173) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e5e900fc9c1750adef8676069e5726ac4377477a98d1ffcc2138055c7921ac3b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If Swap 2 was entered into in contemplation of Swap 1 and the overall transaction was executed for the sole purpose of obtaining fair value accounting treatment for the debt, it should be concluded that the purpose of the transaction was not to enter into a bona fide hedging relationship involving Swap 1. In that instance, the two swaps should be viewed as a unit and the entity would not be permitted to adjust the carrying value of the debt to reflect changes in fair value attributable to interest rate risk. ##### [815-10-55-174](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-174) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:b77a2398a9728f5e9080e696237731d0bc0e62a208dbe429e1e7117f7b56a13b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If Swap 2 was not entered into in contemplation of Swap 1 or there is a substantive business purpose for structuring the transactions separately, and if both Swap 1 and Swap 2 were entered into in arm's-length transactions (that is, at market rates), then the swaps should not be viewed as a unit. For example, some entities have a policy that requires a centralized dealer subsidiary to enter into third-party derivative contracts on behalf of other subsidiaries within the entity to hedge the subsidiaries' interest rate risk exposures. The dealer subsidiary also enters into [internal derivative](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#internal-derivative "A foreign currency derivative instrument that has been entered into with another member of a consolidated group (such as a treasury center).") contracts with those subsidiaries to operationally track those hedges within the entity. (As discussed beginning in paragraph [815-20-25-61](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-61), internal derivatives do not qualify in consolidated financial statements as hedging instruments for risks other than [foreign exchange risk](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#foreign-exchange-risk "The risk of changes in a hedged item's fair value or functional-currency-equivalent cash flows attributable to changes in the related foreign currency exchange rates.").) ##### [815-10-55-175](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-175) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:88066c475cc5a47e4c9b57697f4c22ef1751096dadcdd3de559aa602b5b65c0f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases illustrate the guidance in paragraphs [815-10-15-8 through 15-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-8) on whether separate transactions should be viewed as a unit for purposes of evaluating the characteristic of net settlement: 1. a Two forward contracts viewed as a unit (Case A) 2. b Borrowing and lending transactions viewed as a unit (Case B). ##### [815-10-55-176](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-176) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:d93107261de2c0b8d06797554850e22d0213bf34f25f47923d8b6f8dfd378a12 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In Cases A and B, the transactions were entered into with the same counterparty, were executed simultaneously, and relate to the same risk. ##### [815-10-55-177](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-177) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a7a60ce8dd9bf6bd783d8942c7b35a873863ca3821b2b9cc36d637fb54a67534 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A enters into a forward contract to purchase 1,500,000 units of a particular commodity in 3 months for $10 per unit. Simultaneously, Entity A enters into a forward contract to sell 1,400,000 units of the same commodity in 3 months for $10 per unit. The purchase and sale contracts are with the same counterparty. There is no market mechanism to facilitate net settlement of the contracts, and both contracts require physical delivery of the commodity at the same location in exchange for the forward price. On a gross basis, neither contract is readily convertible to cash because the market cannot rapidly absorb the specified quantities without significantly affecting the price. However, on a net basis, Entity A has a forward purchase contract for 100,000 units of the commodity, a quantity that can be rapidly absorbed by the market and thus is readily convertible to cash. ##### [815-10-55-178](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-178) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:e58922193ff48dac82a2db688e2c6abbef10f4759508d7e38dda7b14e5091fc4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, it appears that there is no clear business purpose for structuring the transactions separately. Therefore, the facts point to the conclusion that the purchase and sale were done as a structured transaction with one counterparty to circumvent the definition of a derivative instrument under this Subtopic. However, if the facts indicated that both contracts required physical delivery of the commodity at different locations that are significantly distant from one another and each counterparty is expected to deliver the gross amount of the commodity to the other, those facts may reflect a valid substantive business purpose for the transaction. ##### [815-10-55-179](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-179) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:6cf4243e1f5701619aec8014fdaca03373a0090c22366f6e4baf30f73a921051 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity C loans $100 to Entity B. The loan has a 5-year bullet maturity and an 8 percent fixed interest rate, payable semiannually. Entity B simultaneously loans $100 to Entity C. The loan has a five-year bullet maturity and a variable interest of LIBOR, payable semiannually and reset semiannually. Entity B and Entity C enter into a netting arrangement that permits each party to offset its rights and obligations under the agreements. The netting arrangement meets the criteria for offsetting in Subtopic 210-20. The net effect of offsetting the contracts for both Entity B and Entity C is the economic equivalent of an interest rate swap arrangement, that is, one party receives a fixed interest rate from, and pays a variable interest rate to, the other. ##### [815-10-55-180](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-180) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:a93617f20761570ffd07a0d5ecccb080114f591c6c75232dca5ac67962544d13 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, based on the facts presented, there is no clear business purpose for the separate transactions, and they should be accounted for as an interest rate swap under this Subtopic. However, in other instances, a clear substantive business purpose for entering into two separate loan transactions may exist (for example, as a means to overcome foreign currency expatriation restrictions). ##### [815-10-55-181](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-181) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:083eb73435f372ba6cc84170997ff9dc7f0b41c9ca2339ddf012a14c459123da Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the disclosure of objectives and strategies for using derivative instruments by underlying risk, including volume of activity (see paragraph [815-10-50-1A(d)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-1A)). It also illustrates the hedge basis adjustment disclosures in paragraphs [815-10-50-4EE through 50-4EEE](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4EE). - The Entity is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. The primary risks managed by using derivative instruments are commodity price risk and interest rate risk. Forward contracts on various commodities are entered into to manage the price risk associated with forecasted purchases of materials used in the Entity's manufacturing process. Interest rate swaps are entered into to manage interest rate risk associated with fixed-rate loans issued by the Entity's financing subsidiary. - FASB ASC 815-10 requires that an entity recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the statement of financial position. In accordance with that Subtopic, the Entity designates commodity forward contracts as cash flow hedges of forecasted purchases of commodities and interest rate swaps as fair value hedges of fixed-rate receivables. - _Cash flow hedges_ - For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings and is presented in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. Gains and losses on the derivative instrument representing hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized currently in earnings and are presented in the same line of the income statement expected for the hedged item. - As of December 31, 20X2, the Entity had the following outstanding commodity forward contracts that were entered into to hedge forecasted purchases: - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-EEE9FD09-A733-456A-898A-226498DA0BC2-low.gif) Commodity Number of Bushels (000s) Wheat "10,000" Corn "20,000" Oats "15,000" - _Fair value hedges_ - For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. The Entity includes the gain or loss on the hedged items (that is, fixed-rate receivables) in the same line item—interest income—as the offsetting loss or gain on the related interest rate swaps. - As of December 31, 20X2, and 20X1, the following amounts were recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-26646A8D-5F02-438D-AE54-D762BDA24A61-low.svg) "Line Item in the Statement of Financial Position in Which the Hedged Item Is Included" "Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)" "Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)" 20X2 20X1 20X2 20X1 Loans receivable (a) $115 $124 $10 (b) $20 (a) "These amounts include the amortized cost basis of closed portfolios of loans receivable used to designate hedging relationships in which the hedged item is the stated amount of assets in the closed portfolios anticipated to be outstanding for the designated hedge period . At December 31, 20X2, and 20X1, the amortized cost basis of the closed portfolios used in these hedging relationships was $52 and $60, respectively, the cumulative basis adjustments associated with these hedging relationships was $5 and $7, respectively, and the amounts of the designated hedged items were $16 and $18, respectively." (b) The balance includes $2 of hedging adjustment on a discontinued hedging relationship. - As of December 31, 20X2, and 20X1, the total notional amount of the Entity's pay-fixed/receive-variable interest rate swaps was $79 and $82, respectively. ##### [815-10-55-182](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-182) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:8aa309ed93692667f2df14dbdb4a06e916222a5a920fca9f8e833345438ebdfc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the disclosure in tabular format of fair value amounts of derivative instruments and gains and losses on derivative instruments as required by paragraphs [815-10-50-4A through 50-4E](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4A) : - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-07D92B0B-4473-4DE3-98A7-65897846D739-low.gif) Fair Values of Derivative Instruments In millions of dollars Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities As of December 31 2010 2009 2010 2009 Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 Interest rate contracts Other assets " $XX,XXX " Other assets " $XX,XXX " Other liabilities " $XX,XXX " Other liabilities " $XX,XXX " Foreign exchange contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Commodity contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Credit contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 (a) Interest rate contracts Other assets " $XX,XXX " Other assets " $XX,XXX " Other liabilities " $XX,XXX " Other liabilities " $XX,XXX " Foreign exchange contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Equity contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Commodity contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Credit contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " Total derivatives " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " (a) See note XX for additional information on the ABC Entity's purpose for entering into derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments and its overall risk management strategies. ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-605A4567-3334-4066-9389-B7B6F370022E-low.gif) "The Effect of Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009" "Derivatives in Subtopic 815-20 Hedging Relationships" "Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on Derivative" "Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income (a)" Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income 2010 2009 2010 2009 Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships Interest rate contracts " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " Interest income/(expense) " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " Foreign exchange contracts " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Sales/Revenue " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Commodity contracts " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Cost of sales " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Credit derivatives " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Other income/(expense) " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Other contracts " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Other income/(expense) " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Total " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships(b) Interest rate contracts " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " Foreign exchange contracts " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Commodity contracts " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Credit derivatives " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Other contracts " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Total " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " (a) "If gains and losses associated with a type of contract (for example, interest rate contracts) are displayed in multiple line items in the income statement of financial performance, the entity is required to disclose the amount included in each line item." (b) Represents amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness for which the difference between changes in fair value and periodic amortization is recorded in other comprehensive income. ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-396B84E4-408E-448C-964D-08CC9F3638B8-low.gif) "The Effect of Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on the Statement of Financial Performance for the Years Ended December 31, 20X1 and 20X0" Location and Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships (a) 20X1 20X0 Revenue Cost of Goods Sold Interest Income (Expense) Other Income (Expense) Revenue Cost of Goods Sold Interest Income (Expense) Other Income (Expense) Total amounts of income and expense line items presented in the statement of financial performance in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " The effects of fair value and cash flow hedging: Gain or (loss) on fair value hedging relationships in Subtopic 815-20: Interest contracts: Hedged items " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Derivatives designated as hedging instruments " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Commodity contracts: Hedged items " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Derivatives designated as hedging instruments " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on an amortization approach " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Foreign exchange contracts: Hedged items " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Derivatives designated as hedging instruments " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on an amortization approach " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Credit contracts: Hedged items " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Derivatives designated as hedging instruments " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on an amortization approach " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships in Subtopic 815-20: Interest contracts: Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income as a result that a forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Commodity contracts: Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on changes in fair value " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Foreign exchange contracts: Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on changes in fair value " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Credit contracts: Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on changes in fair value " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " " XX,XXX " (a) "If gains and losses associated with a type of contract (for example, interest rate contracts) are displayed in multiple line items in the income statement of financial performance, the entity is required to disclose the amount included in each line item." ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-21BA6904-1841-4D47-8F4A-4AD15CE7D5D9-low.gif) Fair Values of Derivative Instruments In millions of dollars Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities As of December 31 2010 2009 2010 2009 Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 Interest rate contracts Other assets " $XX,XXX " Other assets " $XX,XXX " Other liabilities " $XX,XXX " Other liabilities " $XX,XXX " Foreign exchange contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Commodity contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Credit contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 (a) Interest rate contracts Other assets " $XX,XXX " Other assets " $XX,XXX " Other liabilities " $XX,XXX " Other liabilities " $XX,XXX " Foreign exchange contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Equity contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Commodity contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Credit contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other contracts Other assets " XX,XXX " Other assets " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Other liabilities " XX,XXX " Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under Subtopic 815-20 " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " Total derivatives " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " " $XX,XXX " (a) See note XX for additional information on the ABC Entity's purpose for entering into derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments and its overall risk management strategies. ##### [815-10-55-183](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-183) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:207601f38b83729b8885a96cd07d87aef2d9949dfa50b17d7e81d79856c1527f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The illustrative disclosure tables in the preceding paragraph provide quantitative information about derivative instruments. However, in many instances, the use of derivative instruments in an entity's risk management strategies represents only a portion of the instruments used for that purpose. As permitted in paragraph [815-10-50-4F](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4F), an entity can elect to disclose information about certain derivatives included in an entity's trading activities in separate disclosures outside the required tabular format. That paragraph states that, if that disclosure option is elected, the entity shall include a footnote in the required tables referencing the use of alternative disclosures for trading activities. ##### [815-10-55-184](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-184) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:f9dd5243b5a27bc8af3f3489d903e0459de5c0ca71977575654a75ac282f642d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates one approach for presenting the quantitative information required under paragraph [815-10-50-4F](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4F) when an entity elects the alternative disclosure for gains and losses on derivative instruments included in its trading activities. The Example does not address all possible ways of complying with the alternative disclosure requirements under that paragraph. Many entities already include the required information about their trading activities in other disclosures within the financial statements. Paragraph [815-10-50-4I](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4I) states that, if information on derivative instruments (or nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to paragraphs [815-20-25-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-58) and [815-20-25-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-66)) is disclosed in more than a single note to financial statements, an entity shall cross-reference from the derivative instruments (or nonderivative instruments) note to other notes in which derivative-instrument-related information is disclosed. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-72732259-D7C7-457F-838B-DFF6AC58A1BF-low.gif) "The Effect of Trading Activities on the Statement of Financial Performance for the Years Ended December 31, 2010, and 2009 " Trading Revenue Type of Instrument 2010 2009 Fixed income/Interest rate "$XX,XXX" "$XX,XXX" Foreign exchange " XX,XXX" "XX,XXX" Equity " XX,XXX" "XX,XXX" Commodity "XX,XXX" "XX,XXX" Credit "XX,XXX" "XX,XXX" Other "XX,XXX" "XX,XXX" Total "$XX,XXX" "$XX,XXX" Line Item in Statement Trading Revenue " of Financial Performance" 2010 2009 Principal/Proprietary transactions "$XX,XXX" "$XX,XXX" Asset management income "XX,XXX" "XX,XXX" Other income "XX,XXX" "XX,XXX" Total "$XX,XXX" "$XX,XXX" The revenue related to each category includes realized and unrealized gains and losses on both derivative instruments and nonderivative instruments. ##### [815-10-55-185](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-55-185) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:18.840Z Record version: sha256:7ebff30c6fd8ccfac92ab661a36c29316d6f9e9453f36f2292bc94e9674ea6a9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the disclosure of credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative instruments as required by paragraph [815-10-50-4H](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-50-4H). - _Contingent Features_ - Certain of the Entity's derivative instruments contain provisions that require the Entity's debt to maintain an investment grade credit rating from each of the major credit rating agencies. If the Entity's debt were to fall below investment grade, it would be in violation of these provisions, and the counterparties to the derivative instruments could request immediate payment or demand immediate and ongoing full overnight collateralization on derivative instruments in net liability positions. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features that are in a liability position on December 31, 2009, is $XX million for which the Entity has posted collateral of $X million in the normal course of business. If the credit-risk-related contingent features underlying these agreements were triggered on December 31, 2009, the Entity would be required to post an additional $XX million of collateral to its counterparties. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:21.910Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:21.910Z Record version: sha256:0652d0a69f5026012bf2d91742decc1e4d821ab9fe5431b3f2d7ef82c8df66c2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-60: 60 Relationships [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#60-relationships) SEC content: no #### Statement of Cash Flows ##### [815-10-60-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-60-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:21.910Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:21.910Z Record version: sha256:13573789a0cf54d69286096ab1962921f9795d9ee18f1612751dcc5803861ba2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For circumstances in which cash receipts and payments include more than one class of cash flows, see paragraphs [230-10-45-22 through 45-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/230/10/#230-10-45-22) . #### Compensation—Stock Compensation ##### [815-10-60-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-60-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:21.910Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:21.910Z Record version: sha256:aa846bfcb1ad6a88c8f0aa708cb63365f5720270f81362377495031147f22ecd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For circumstances in which an instrument ceases to be subject to the requirements of Topic 718 and may become subject to the scope of this Subtopic, see paragraphs [718-10-35-9 through 35-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/718/10/#718-10-35-9) . #### Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ##### [815-10-60-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-60-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:21.910Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:21.910Z Record version: sha256:f755baff30a01e892323e49238da362b085999c0a8d326d30781be2e2696f2be Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For an illustration of situations in which the price in a [transaction](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#transaction "An external event involving transfer of something of value (future economic benefit) between two (or more) entities. (See FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements.)(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025105-10-65-9An external event involving transfer of something of value (future economic benefit) between two (or more) entities.") involving a [derivative instrument](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#derivative-instrument "Paragraphs 815-10-15-83815-10-15-84815-10-15-85815-10-15-86815-10-15-87815-10-15-88815-10-15-89815-10-15-90815-10-15-91815-10-15-92815-10-15-93815-10-15-94815-10-15-95815-10-15-96815-10-15-97815-10-15-98815-10-15-99815-10-15-100815-10-15-101815-10-15-102815-10-15-103815-10-15-104815-10-15-105815-10-15-106815-10-15-107815-10-15-108815-10-15-109815-10-15-110815-10-15-111815-10-15-112815-10-15-113815-10-15-114815-10-15-115815-10-15-116815-10-15-117815-10-15-118815-10-15-119815-10-15-120815-10-15-121815-10-15-122815-10-15-123815-10-15-124815-10-15-125815-10-15-126815-10-15-127815-10-15-128815-10-15-129815-10-15-130815-10-15-131815-10-15-132815-10-15-133815-10-15-134815-10-15-135815-10-15-136815-10-15-137815-10-15-138815-10-15-139 define the term derivative instrument.") might (and might not) represent the [fair value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.") of the derivative instrument, see Example 5 (paragraph [820-10-55-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/820/10/#820-10-55-46)). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z Record version: sha256:810f878ef6eef7324c2a550e142f55ef3c403523cc1f3717123d85c96b3f0051 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-65: 65 Transition and Open Effective Date Information [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#65-transition-and-open-effective-date-information) SEC content: no ##### [815-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z Record version: sha256:b057bb65facb9c392155424fd243ff2b3c7193f1aef023c14292c522b6c6e35c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 04/13/2010 after the end of the transition period stated in FASB Statement No. 161, _Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133_. ##### [815-10-65-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z Record version: sha256:b914f6a1ada793a7be57369c9188f5fc406fa1b644a539ca350c7b7c261f8d0d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 03/23/2010 after the end of the transition period stated in FASB Staff Position No. FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4, _Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and FASB Interpretation No. 45; and Clarification of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 161_. ##### [815-10-65-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z Record version: sha256:11e77d057d330b62f4db80af89e4f52fd8c14537dc18184851703fc960cab4b5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 07/01/2010 after the end of the transition period stated in EITF Issue No. 07-5, "Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entity's Own Stock." ##### [815-10-65-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z Record version: sha256:8f2791f41139ca951aef6e8da13c60e2cdc1fcc76b86df8262d4193553bcde55 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 07/01/2010 after the end of the transition period stated in EITF Issue No. 08-8, "Accounting for an Instrument (or an Embedded Feature) with a Settlement Amount That Is Based on the Stock of an Entity's Consolidated Subsidiary." ##### [815-10-65-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z Record version: sha256:88c6c9cec375dfc1bb5d154660967326f98e9c104111c12695a00c368d52add7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 03/15/2011 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-11, _Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Scope Exception Related to Embedded Credit Derivatives_. #### Transition Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-03, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Accounting for Certain Receive-Variable, Pay-Fixed Interest Rate Swaps—Simplified Hedge Accounting Approach ##### [815-10-65-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z Record version: sha256:d3b6848ed1366178a03f9ad451d3a802334030fb379bc907759b9900d6419b17 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following represents the transition information related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-03, _Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Accounting for Certain Receive-Variable, Pay-Fixed Interest Rate Swaps—Simplified Hedge Accounting Approach,_ referenced in paragraph [815-20-25-131AA](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-131AA): 1. a [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-03](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2016-03/). 2. b Upon adoption of the simplified hedge accounting approach in this Subtopic and adoption of the guidance in paragraphs [825-10-50-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/825/10/#825-10-50-3) and [825-10-50-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/825/10/#825-10-50-8), that guidance shall be applied as of the beginning of the first fiscal year in which the approach is elected and in either of the following ways: 1. 1 Using a modified retrospective approach in which corresponding adjustments shall be made to the assets, liabilities, and opening balance of accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings (or other appropriate components of equity) of the current period presented to reflect application of hedge accounting under this Topic from the date the receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap was entered into (or acquired) by the entity. 2. 2 Using a full retrospective approach in which: 1. i The financial statements for each individual prior period presented shall be adjusted to reflect the period-specific effects of applying hedge accounting under this Topic from the date the receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap was entered into (or acquired) by the entity. 2. ii Corresponding adjustments shall be made to the assets, liabilities, and opening balance of accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings (or other appropriate components of equity) of the earliest period presented to reflect application of hedge accounting under this Topic from the date the receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap was entered into (or acquired) by the entity. 3. c The simplified hedge accounting approach may be elected for any qualifying receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap, whether existing at the date of its adoption or entered into after that date. The election to apply the simplified hedge accounting approach to an existing swap shall be made upon its adoption and can be applied only to existing swaps the first time the election is made. After the initial election is made to apply the simplified hedge accounting approach to existing swaps, no further retrospective applications to existing swaps (full or modified) are permitted. In determining whether an existing swap meets all of the conditions in paragraph [815-20-25-131D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-131D) to qualify for applying the simplified hedge accounting approach, the condition that the swap's fair value at the time of application of this approach is at or near zero need not be considered. Instead, as long as the swap's fair value was at or near zero at the time the swap was entered into (or acquired) by the entity, the entity may apply the simplified hedge accounting approach. For an existing swap, the documentation required by paragraph [815-20-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/20/#815-20-25-3) to qualify for hedge accounting must be completed in the period of adoption by the date on which the first annual [financial statements are available to be issued](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#financial-statements-are-available-to-be-issued "Financial statements are considered available to be issued when they are complete in a form and format that complies with GAAP and all approvals necessary for issuance have been obtained, for example, from management, the board of directors, and/or significant shareholders. The process involved in creating and distributing the financial statements will vary depending on an entity's management and corporate governance structure as well as statutory and regulatory requirements.") rather than concurrently at hedge inception. 4. d [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-03](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2016-03/). 5. e An entity shall provide the required disclosures in paragraphs [250-10-50-1 through 50-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/250/10/#250-10-50-1) in the period that the entity adopts the simplified hedge accounting approach in this Subtopic. 6. f A private company that makes an accounting policy election to apply the simplified hedge accounting approach for the first time need not justify that the use of that approach is preferable as described in paragraph [250-10-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/250/10/#250-10-45-2). ##### [815-10-65-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z Record version: sha256:e68b23ce40c0008010c01f40a81291837c46d885f3c66c56d1a478ae60e73dc1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 07/05/2017 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-13, _Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Application of the Normal Purchases and Normal Sales Scope Exception to Certain Electricity Contracts within Nodal Energy Markets_. #### Transition Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-07, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Derivatives Scope Refinements and Scope Clarification for Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer in a Revenue Contract ##### [815-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-65-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:25.118Z Record version: sha256:1cbd194658bdf9e67874ca0a87bf16460963cc8a40be476847f6ef720a9e67f1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Accounting Standards Update 2025-07](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2025-07/) 2028-6-13 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 2026-12-16 The following represents the transition and effective date information related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-07, _Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Derivatives Scope Refinements and Scope Clarification for Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer in a Revenue Contract_: **Effective date and early adoption** 1. a All entities shall apply the pending content that links to this paragraph for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. 2. b Early adoption of the pending content that links to this paragraph is permitted in both interim and annual reporting periods in which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. If an entity early adopts the pending content that links to this paragraph in an interim reporting period, it shall apply the pending content as of the beginning of the annual reporting period that includes that interim reporting period. If an entity early adopts the pending content that links to this paragraph, it also shall early adopt the pending content that links to paragraph [606-10-65-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/606/10/#606-10-65-3) simultaneously. **Transition method** 1. c An entity shall apply the pending content that links to this paragraph using one of the following transition methods: 1. 1 Prospectively to new contracts entered into on or after the date of adoption. 2. 2 On a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings (or other appropriate components of equity or net assets in the statement of financial position) as of the beginning of the annual reporting period of adoption for contracts existing as of the beginning of the annual reporting period of adoption. 2. d If an entity applies the transition method in (c)(2) and the entity had contracts or embedded features that were accounted for as derivatives but are no longer accounted for as derivatives as a result of applying the pending content that links to this paragraph, the entity has an option as of the beginning of the annual reporting period for which the pending content is adopted to elect to apply the fair value option on an instrument-by-instrument basis and measure the contract in its entirety at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings if that instrument is within the scope of paragraph [825-10-15-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/825/10/#825-10-15-4). For financial liabilities, an entity shall present separately in accumulated other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of the liability that results from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk. If an entity had previously elected the fair value option for contracts that contained embedded derivatives that otherwise would have been bifurcated but are no longer required to be bifurcated as a result of applying the pending content that links to this paragraph upon adoption, the entity has an option on an instrument-by-instrument basis to revoke the fair value option as of the beginning of the annual reporting period for which the pending content is adopted and measure the contract in accordance with other generally accepted accounting principles. For those instruments for which the entity elects or revokes its election of the fair value option, the effects of initially complying with the pending content that links to this paragraph shall be reported as a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to the opening balance of retained earnings (or other appropriate components of equity or net assets in the statement of financial position) as of the beginning of the annual reporting period in which the pending content is adopted. **Transition disclosures** 1. e An entity that applies the transition method in (c)(1) shall disclose the nature of and reason for the change in accounting principle in both the interim reporting period and the annual reporting period in which the entity adopts the pending content that links to this paragraph. 2. f An entity that applies the transition method in (c)(2) shall disclose the following in both the interim reporting period and the annual reporting period in which the entity adopts the pending content that links to this paragraph: 1. 1 The nature of and reason for the change in accounting principle 2. 2 The cumulative effect of the change on retained earnings or other components of equity or net assets in the statement of financial position as of the beginning of the annual reporting period of adoption and a description of the financial statement line items affected by the adjustment. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:31.799Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:31.799Z Record version: sha256:f20840aebceddb2aa772d3da210d70b9eb663362812e440f675400afbc0fe67f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-S00: SEC 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#sec-00-status) SEC content: yes ##### [815-10-S00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:31.799Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:31.799Z Record version: sha256:af30d53c3540813c3b3057f8d3e828ca45c3d1b0d9827065107fc763502daec1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
815-10-S45-1SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0401/15/2010
815-10-S55-1SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1105/02/2016
815-10-S99-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0308/27/2012
815-10-S99-2SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0401/15/2010
815-10-S99-3SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1105/02/2016
815-10-S99-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0401/15/2010
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:34.961Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:34.961Z Record version: sha256:d4f13d99bfb777ee25b26fd3c1507a1a55c3054652a45da1d030ae5a20bacf9a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-S30: SEC 30 Initial Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#sec-30-initial-measurement) SEC content: yes #### Written Loan Commitments Recorded at Fair Value through Earnings ##### [815-10-S30-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S30-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:34.961Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:34.961Z Record version: sha256:6c9050c231527dce904dc433543f21106e37134e22ad3d14f88fb9ef032befba Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [815-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S99-1), SAB Topic 5.DD, for SEC Staff views regarding written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. #### Accounting for Written Options ##### [815-10-S30-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S30-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:34.961Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:34.961Z Record version: sha256:c8e8c32f6908d92c331064691da2194c83754beb874e906b2189b2d22fa7046c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [815-10-S99-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S99-4), SEC Observer Comment: Accounting for Written Options Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:38.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:38.590Z Record version: sha256:07683a067b4efce553ce8599dbe32e3588e09787c4dddbac08e0740dc1d3b0b8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-S35: SEC 35 Subsequent Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#sec-35-subsequent-measurement) SEC content: yes #### Accounting for Written Options ##### [815-10-S35-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S35-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:38.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:38.590Z Record version: sha256:fc840ffb825df5c1868e721507af057d146d53bcac9ce0f5deac44cca3db3d7b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [815-10-S99-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S99-4), SEC Observer Comment: Accounting for Written Options. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:42.458Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:42.458Z Record version: sha256:9a50cab132db157667a04345b4a0ffd20f0d547ac5de1839098e255fb7a3e963 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-S45: SEC 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#sec-45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: yes ##### [815-10-S45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:42.458Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:42.458Z Record version: sha256:c8e8d5098ba08b9ef5a899f0be8ce301aad0cc5ef07d7667fe4e860a0d9b6652 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-04](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2010-04/). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:46.474Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:46.474Z Record version: sha256:3ba0277ac3e3b13b11b3d067ba209ebc9993dee256876b3017bdaf9eae8acc4a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-S50: SEC 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#sec-50-disclosure) SEC content: yes #### Accounting Policies for Certain Derivative Instruments ##### [815-10-S50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:46.474Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:46.474Z Record version: sha256:370aacabd66c5f0fc895314a5d6013c7c32c8f8caa11c7cdb9c03c9fd44aa221 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [235-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/235/10/#235-10-S99-1), Regulation S-X Rule 4-08(n), for disclosure requirements for accounting policies for certain derivative instruments, which also must be applied by smaller reporting companies. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:49.264Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:49.264Z Record version: sha256:258c8b2ac3789c137d5f19eb235fa6708de05bd14e651a7c0b22b8d6e9f86f4c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-S55: SEC 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#sec-55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: yes ##### [815-10-S55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:49.264Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:49.264Z Record version: sha256:2f7dc650dfe44b5aa5e7db1fe1b0b037695fc958c5192162b6e957e1e3c7ae19 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2016-11/). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z Record version: sha256:d2d57cd1a05ddc7b94135427773ed6b67f4e3572451617e85c2ca9d69d03a738 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 815-10-S99: SEC 99 SEC Materials [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#sec-99-sec-materials) SEC content: yes #### SEC Staff Guidance ##### [815-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S99-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z Record version: sha256:fa1c2fd157030a3aa7620dd40ecedef77b3d539795e744bc7a6169dac798f084 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following is the text of SAB Topic 5.DD, Written Loan Commitments Recorded at Fair Value through Earnings. - Facts: Bank A enters into a loan commitment with a customer to originate a mortgage loan at a specified rate. As part of this written loan commitment, Bank A expects to receive future net cash flows related to servicing rights from servicing fees (included in the loan's interest rate or otherwise), late charges, and other ancillary sources, or from selling the servicing rights to a third party. If Bank A intends to sell the mortgage loan after it is funded, pursuant to FASB ASC paragraph [815-10-15-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-15-83) (Derivatives and Hedging Topic), the written loan commitment is accounted for as a derivative instrument and recorded at fair value through earnings (referred to hereafter as a "derivative loan commitment"). If Bank A does not intend to sell the mortgage loan after it is funded, the written loan commitment is not accounted for as a derivative under FASB ASC Subtopic 815-10, Derivatives and Hedging—Overall. However, FASB ASC subparagraph [825-10-15-4(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/825/10/#825-10-15-4) (Financial Instruments Topic), permits Bank A to record the written loan commitment at fair value through earnings (referred to hereafter as a "written loan commitment"). Pursuant to FASB ASC Subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments—Overall, the fair value measurement for a written loan commitment would include the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan. - Question 1: In measuring the fair value of a derivative loan commitment accounted for under FASB ASC Subtopic 815-10, should Bank A include the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan? - Interpretive Response: Yes. The staff believes that, consistent with FASB ASC Subtopic 860-50, Transfers and Servicing—Servicing Assets and Liabilities, FN60, and FASB ASC Subtopic 825-10, the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan should be included in the fair value measurement of a derivative loan commitment. The expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan that are included in the fair value measurement of a derivative loan commitment or a written loan commitment should be determined in the same manner that the fair value of a recognized servicing asset or liability is measured under FASB ASC Subtopic 860-50. However, as discussed in FASB ASC paragraph [860-50-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/860/50/#860-50-25-1), a separate and distinct servicing asset or liability is not recognized for accounting purposes until the servicing rights have been contractually separated from the underlying loan by sale or securitization of the loan with servicing retained. - FN60 FASB ASC Subtopic 860-50 permits an entity to subsequently measure recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities (which are nonfinancial instruments) at fair value through earnings. - The views in Question 1 apply to all loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. However, for purposes of electing fair value accounting pursuant to FASB ASC Subtopic 825-10, the views in Question 1 are not intended to be applied by analogy to any other instrument that contains a nonfinancial element. - Question 2: In measuring the fair value of a derivative loan commitment accounted for under FASB ASC Subtopic 815-10 or a written loan commitment accounted for under FASB ASC Subtopic 825-10, should Bank A include the expected net future cash flows related to internally-developed intangible assets? - Interpretive Response: No. The staff does not believe that internally-developed intangible assets (such as customer relationship intangible assets) should be recorded as part of the fair value of a derivative loan commitment or a written loan commitment. Such nonfinancial elements of value should not be considered a component of the related instrument. Recognition of such assets would only be appropriate in a third-party transaction. For example, in the purchase of a portfolio of derivative loan commitments in a business combination, a customer relationship intangible asset is recorded separately from the fair value of such loan commitments. Similarly, when an entity purchases a credit card portfolio, FASB ASC paragraph [310-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/310/10/#310-10-25-7) (Receivables Topic) requires an allocation of the purchase price to a separately recorded cardholder relationship intangible asset. - The view in Question 2 applies to all loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. ##### [815-10-S99-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S99-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z Record version: sha256:53f9ec855e9125fffe369254a364e36c4d0ebc6fa9899ded634a1919de04ca28 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-04](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2010-04/). ##### [815-10-S99-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S99-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z Record version: sha256:cf8f42166f6de3daf37c4373aa2c6e5879cfda4377961104f31c3483748a71b8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2016-11/). ##### [815-10-S99-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/815/10/#815-10-S99-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:35:54.090Z Record version: sha256:cea5c8627acc36dc65efa646c56dc4d3d3b9ecddd31ac7079e63d1bc59149a38 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following is the text of the SEC Observer Comment: Accounting for Written Options - SEC staff's longstanding position is that written options that do not qualify for equity classification initially should be reported at fair value and subsequently marked to fair value through earnings.