common interest realty association

This Subtopic governs how common interest realty associations (CIRAs)—condominium and homeowners associations and cooperatives—present their financial statements, emphasizing fund reporting that segregates the operating fund from the fund for future major repairs and replacements. A full GAAP presentation requires a balance sheet, statement of revenues and expenses, statement of changes in fund balances (or members' equity under nonfund reporting), statement of cash flows, and notes; cooperatives instead present a statement of operations and statement of changes in shareholders' equity.

This Subtopic sets the note disclosure requirements unique to common interest realty associations (CIRAs) — condominiums, homeowners associations, cooperative housing corporations, and time-share associations. Beyond ordinary GAAP disclosures, a CIRA must describe its legal form and the entity it serves, developer services/subsidies and developer-owned units, the proposed use of special assessment funds, and any assessments used for undesignated purposes (235-972-50-1). It must also disclose its funding for future major repairs and replacements (235-972-50-2) and present cost estimates for those repairs and replacements as unaudited supplementary information (235-972-50-3).

This Subtopic tells common interest realty associations (CIRAs) — cooperatives, condominium associations, and homeowners associations — when to recognize common real and personal property as assets, how to measure it, and what to disclose. Cooperatives recognize all common real property because they hold title and can dispose of it and keep the proceeds; other CIRAs generally do not recognize real property directly associated with the units, and recognize property not directly associated with the units only if they have title or other evidence of ownership plus disposal discretion or significant cash-flow generation. Recognized property is measured at cost (or fair value if acquired in a nonmonetary transaction such as a developer transfer) and depreciated over estimated useful lives.

ASC 430-972 was the deferred revenue guidance for common interest realty associations (CIRAs) — e.g., condominium and homeowners' associations — addressing when assessments and similar member charges collected in advance had to be deferred rather than recognized. All of its substantive paragraphs (05-1, 15-1, 25-1) were superseded by ASU 2014-09, so the subtopic is now an empty shell. CIRA revenue and deferral questions are instead resolved under ASC 606 and the related contract liability guidance.

ASC 605-972 formerly provided revenue recognition guidance for common interest realty associations (CIRAs), such as condominium and homeowners' associations, addressing assessments from members. Every paragraph in the subtopic — scope, recognition, presentation, and disclosure — was superseded by ASU 2014-09 (Revenue from Contracts with Customers). CIRA revenue transactions are now evaluated under ASC 606, with any surviving industry guidance located in ASC 606-10 or ASC 972.

This Subtopic tells common interest realty associations (CIRAs) — such as condominium and homeowners' associations — how to account for expenditures on major repairs or replacements of common property. Under 720-972-25-1, a CIRA that uses fund accounting charges such expenditures to the fund(s) established for major repairs and replacements; if the expenditure relates to common property that has been recognized as an asset, the amount is instead reported as a transfer to the operating fund (or property fund, if one exists).

This Subtopic applies Topic 740's income tax guidance to common interest realty associations (CIRAs), such as homeowners' and condominium associations. Because a CIRA's income taxes generally do not relate to an excess of revenues over expenses, the tax provision may be presented among other operating expenses in the statement of revenues and expenses rather than as a separate below-the-line item. It also imposes CIRA-specific note disclosures about filing status, tax liability, and expiring credits.

ASC 972-10 is the Overall subtopic that sets the scope and background for accounting by common interest realty associations (CIRAs) — associations of owners such as homeowners associations, condominium associations, time-share associations, planned-unit developments, and cooperative housing corporations. It provides only incremental, industry-specific guidance; CIRAs must also follow all other applicable GAAP. Topic 972 is one of several real estate topics, each addressing a different real estate subindustry.