# ASC Topic 740: Income Taxes Source: FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Basic View [Read online](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/) Study and research edition. Verify current requirements with the official source. Summaries, enrichment, and tags are machine-generated study aids. Paragraph html preserves source markup; snippet is abbreviated. Pending content is not necessarily effective. Tables and mathematical or amendment markup are retained as HTML where Markdown would lose structure. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:12.781Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:12.560Z Record version: sha256:d6d40d611e1dce184d0b6d3e409832640bbc9525bd7d9b6a2ca78fdb808ec841 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## Machine-generated topic summary ASC 740 sets out the asset-and-liability model for income taxes: recognize current taxes payable or refundable plus deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of all temporary differences and operating loss/tax credit carryforwards, measured at enacted rates without discounting, with deferred tax assets reduced by a valuation allowance when realization is not more likely than not (740-10-10-1; 740-10-25-2; 740-10-30-5, 30-8), and recognize uncertain tax positions under the two-step more-likely-than-not recognition and largest-benefit-greater-than-50-percent measurement model (740-10-25-6; 740-10-30-7). The remaining subtopics build on that core: 740-20 allocates the period's total tax among continuing operations (computed first, "with-and-without"), discontinued operations, OCI, and equity; 740-30 houses the outside-basis exceptions and the indefinite reversal criteria for foreign subsidiaries and joint ventures; 740-805 supplies the business combination rules; and 740-830 addresses foreign currency and price-level basis differences. A long tail of industry subtopics (casinos, oil and gas, insurance, thrifts, investment companies, health care, CIRAs, regulated utilities, bankruptcy/quasi-reorganization, and the now-superseded steamship guidance) adds narrow exceptions, presentation options, and disclosures. The unifying idea is comprehensive interperiod tax allocation subject to a short, closed list of exceptions in 740-10-25-3 and its industry counterparts. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:12.781Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z Record version: sha256:8df659d52638582db4010e61c327ddd5c574a43e5e34d90536dc176859a2a636 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10: Income Taxes — Overall ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "ASC 740-10 is the Overall subtopic for income taxes and contains the core asset-and-liability model: recognize (1) current taxes payable or refundable for the year and (2) deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of temporary differences and operating loss/tax credit carryforwards (740-10-10-1; 740-10-25-2). Deferred taxes are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply when the item reverses, are not discounted, and deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all will not be realized (740-10-30-5, 740-10-30-8). It also houses the two-step uncertain tax position model — more-likely-than-not recognition on technical merits, then measurement at the largest benefit greater than 50 percent likely of being realized on settlement (740-10-25-6; 740-10-30-7).", "key_points": [ "Two basic recognition requirements: recognize a tax liability/asset for estimated taxes payable or refundable on current and prior year returns, and a deferred tax liability/asset for the future tax effects of all temporary differences and carryforwards (740-10-25-2; 740-10-25-29), subject only to the limited exceptions in 740-10-25-3 (foreign subsidiary outside basis, pre-1993 domestic undistributed earnings, thrift bad debt reserves, policyholders' surplus, leveraged leases, nondeductible goodwill, intra-entity inventory transfers, and 830-10 historical-rate remeasurement differences).", "A temporary difference is a difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount that will result in taxable or deductible amounts when the asset is recovered or the liability settled; the inherent balance sheet assumption means the only question is when, not whether, reversal occurs (740-10-05-7; 740-10-25-20; 740-10-25-28).", "Deferred taxes are computed separately for each tax-paying component in each tax jurisdiction using the enacted rate expected to apply in the period of settlement or realization, are never discounted, and reflect enacted law only — future changes in law or rates are not anticipated (740-10-30-2; 740-10-30-5; 740-10-30-8); the effect of a change in tax law or rate is recognized at the enactment date (740-10-25-47; 740-10-35-4).", "A valuation allowance is required to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount more likely than not to be realized, weighing all positive and negative evidence; the four sources of taxable income are reversals of taxable temporary differences, future taxable income, carryback to prior years, and prudent and feasible tax-planning strategies (740-10-30-5(e); 740-10-30-18 through 30-19; 740-10-30-21 through 30-23) — cumulative losses in recent years are significant negative evidence that is difficult to overcome.", "Uncertain tax positions: recognize the benefit only if, based on technical merits, it is more likely than not (greater than 50 percent) the position will be sustained on examination, presuming the taxing authority has full knowledge and evaluating each position without offset or aggregation (740-10-25-6 through 25-7); the recognized amount is the largest benefit greater than 50 percent likely of being realized on settlement (740-10-30-7); the difference is an unrecognized tax benefit (740-10-25-16).", "A benefit not initially recognized is recognized in the first interim period in which the MLTN threshold is met, the position is effectively settled, or the statute of limitations expires (740-10-25-8 through 25-10); derecognition occurs in the first period it is no longer MLTN, and a valuation allowance may not substitute for derecognition (740-10-40-2). Changes in judgment on prior annual periods are discrete items in the period of change (740-10-25-15).", "Presentation: all deferred tax liabilities and assets are classified as noncurrent and offset to a single net noncurrent amount per tax-paying component per jurisdiction, with no offset across components or jurisdictions (740-10-45-4; 740-10-45-6); an unrecognized tax benefit is presented as a reduction of an available NOL or credit carryforward DTA, otherwise as a liability (740-10-45-10A through 45-10B)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Recognition", "Subsequent measurement", "Presentation" ], "audience_level": "intermediate", "student_note": "This is the backbone of income tax accounting and is heavily tested: know the asset-and-liability model, the enacted-rate rule, and the valuation allowance evidence analysis cold. The most common misunderstanding is conflating the two separate MLTN judgments — one governs whether an uncertain tax position may be recognized at all (740-10-25-6), the other governs whether a deferred tax asset needs a valuation allowance (740-10-30-5(e)) — and assuming a valuation allowance can be used instead of derecognizing a tax position, which 740-10-40-2 expressly prohibits.", "related_topics": [ "740-20", "740-30", "740-270", "805-740", "830-740", "718-740" ], "key_concepts": [ "temporary difference", "deferred tax asset", "deferred tax liability", "valuation allowance", "uncertain tax position", "more-likely-than-not threshold", "enacted tax rate", "tax-planning strategy" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:12.781Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:12.781Z Record version: sha256:af0c19591b1caddfc6931fe20665fa300cc92e3595e98a592270732dae895898 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:12.781Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:12.781Z Record version: sha256:1fc8cd69dfc06a6101cdc078d0eaa7b5f66540efcede7bdd471ac30aa5f3259d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
AcquirerAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0305/12/2025
Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit EntityAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
BusinessAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-0101/05/2017
Commencement Date of the Lease (Commencement Date)AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
Conduit Debt SecuritiesSupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
ContractAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0905/28/2014
Contract AssetAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0905/28/2014
Corporate Joint VentureAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0802/02/2010
CustomerAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0905/28/2014
Deferred Tax Expense (or Benefit)AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
Formation DateAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0508/23/2023
InventoryAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
Joint VentureAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0508/23/2023
LeaseAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
LesseeAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
LessorAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
Leveraged LeaseAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
Nonpublic Entity (5th def.)SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
Merger of Not-for-Profit EntitiesAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
Not-for-Profit EntityAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
Public Business EntityAmendedMaintenance Update 2017-06 (PDF)04/07/2017
Public Business EntityAmendedMaintenance Update 2016-11 (PDF)06/27/2016
Public Business EntityAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
Public Entity (2nd def.)SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
RevenueAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0905/28/2014
Tax PositionAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
Temporary DifferenceAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
Underlying AssetAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
Variable Interest EntitySupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0305/12/2025
740-10-05-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
740-10-05-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0508/23/2023
740-10-15-2AAAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1006/12/2015
740-10-15-2AAAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-15-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-10-25-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
740-10-25-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
740-10-25-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
740-10-25-20 through 25-23
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
740-10-25-20AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
740-10-25-25AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0905/28/2014
740-10-25-46AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0203/29/2023
740-10-25-53AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0907/16/2018
740-10-25-54AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-10-25-55SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0907/16/2018
740-10-25-55AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
740-10-30-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0508/23/2023
740-10-30-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
740-10-30-16AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
740-10-30-22AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-10-30-26AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-10-30-27AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-10-45-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0202/14/2018
740-10-45-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-45-5SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-45-6AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-45-7 through 45-10
SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-45-10AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2013-1107/18/2013
740-10-45-10BAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2013-1107/18/2013
740-10-45-11 through 45-13
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2013-1107/18/2013
740-10-45-29AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0202/14/2018
740-10-50-1AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-50-5 through 50-8
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-50-10AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-50-10BAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-50-11 through 50-16
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-50-11AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-50-12A through 50-12C
AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-50-15AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-50-15AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-50-17AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-10-50-18AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1006/12/2015
740-10-50-22AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-50-23AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-55-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-55-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-55-9AmendedMaintenance Update 2015-11 (PDF)06/19/2015
740-10-55-15AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-55-26AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-10-55-35AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0903/30/2016
740-10-55-38AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1212/17/2025
740-10-55-38AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-10-55-51SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0608/05/2020
740-10-55-63AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-55-66AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-1010/29/2020
740-10-55-77SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-55-78SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-55-78AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0905/28/2014
740-10-55-139 through 55-144
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-10-55-156AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
740-10-55-158AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
740-10-55-168AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0907/16/2018
740-10-55-203AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0907/16/2018
740-10-55-203AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
740-10-55-205 through 55-211
SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-55-217AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-55-223AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-55-224AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-55-225AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-55-226AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-55-227AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-55-228AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-55-229AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-55-230 through 55-233
AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-10-60-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
740-10-65-2AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0609/02/2009
740-10-65-3AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2013-1107/18/2013
740-10-65-4AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1711/20/2015
740-10-65-5AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
740-10-65-6AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
740-10-65-7AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0907/16/2018
740-10-65-8AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-10-65-9AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:3b8240374965263bd08f5603e966be42ff80453a7ed4683fd01d5f28c3c935d9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:a9fc5d5bcafe9787e9d07dd5813ca78e71ace1c363ba2043fd35e7b4bd8207b1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The [Income Taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") Topic addresses financial accounting and reporting for the effects of income taxes that result from an entity's activities during the current and preceding years. Specifically, this Topic establishes standards of financial accounting and reporting for income taxes that are currently payable and for the [tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-consequences "The effects on income taxes—current or deferred—of an event.") of all of the following: 1. a Revenues, expenses, gains, or losses that are included in [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") of an earlier or later year than the year in which they are recognized in financial income 2. b Other events that create differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their amounts for financial reporting 3. c Operating loss or tax credit [carrybacks](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carrybacks "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried back to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a prior year. An operating loss carryback is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryback is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried back and the length of the carryback period.") for refunds of taxes paid in prior years and [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") to reduce taxes payable in future years. ##### [740-10-05-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:791fc59648b6069967c94e1fc1535d9f92459b48011446eff0d86b6599faf00d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Topic includes the following Subtopics: 1. a Overall 2. b Intraperiod Tax Allocation 3. c Other Considerations or Special Areas 4. d Interim Reporting. ##### [740-10-05-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:7c414dc71d3225909bc063f47847adde25923fb73b5f40cc51890c382eb0b0f0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The Overall Subtopic provides the majority of the accounting and reporting guidance related to income taxes. The other Subtopics in this Topic provide more detailed guidance on narrower elements of accounting and reporting for income taxes. ##### [740-10-05-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:766d4d88a59087bd11e082e496b59866585ce8a94ff4338d1597b4780c77fc89 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Other Topics, including industry-specific Topics, may also have Income Taxes Subtopics that address the Topic-specific requirements for income taxes. Guidance in those Subtopics is intended to be incremental to the guidance otherwise established in the Income Taxes Topic. Topics with incremental Income Taxes Subtopics are: 1. a Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures, Subtopic 323-740 2. b Compensation—Stock Compensation, Subtopic 718-740 3. c Business Combinations, Subtopic 805-740 4. d Foreign Currency Matters, Subtopic 830-740 5. e Reorganizations, Subtopic 852-740 6. f Entertainment—Casinos, Subtopic 924-740 7. g Extractive Activities—Oil and Gas, Subtopic 932-740 8. h Financial Services—Depository and Lending, Subtopic 942-740 9. i Financial Services—Insurance, Subtopic 944-740 10. j Health Care Entities, Subtopic 954-740 11. k Real Estate—Common Interest Realty Associations, Subtopic 972-740 12. l Regulated Operations, Subtopic 980-740 13. m [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-15/). ##### [740-10-05-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:5d07a6d99f568abee99bdecb219d141aa5c5d468af148e68f62546c2e7ccf9be Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. There are two basic principles related to accounting for income taxes, each of which considers uncertainty through the application of recognition and measurement criteria: 1. a To recognize the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the current year as a tax liability or asset 2. b To recognize a [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") or [asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") for the estimated future tax effects attributable to [temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") and carryforwards. ##### [740-10-05-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:95c249782428b79658d780b147e1d05f958c54671ac93e148313b7a792302806 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides guidance for recognizing and measuring tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return that directly or indirectly affect amounts reported in financial statements. This Subtopic also provides accounting guidance for the related income tax effects of individual tax positions that do not meet the recognition thresholds required in order for any part of the benefit of that [tax position](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity.") to be recognized in an entity's financial statements. Under this Subtopic, a tax position is first evaluated for recognition based on its technical merits. Tax positions that meet a recognition criterion are then measured to determine an amount to recognize in the financial statements. That measurement incorporates information about potential settlements with taxing authorities. ##### [740-10-05-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:3a62ce21e79162a2e0e170c24376cb07a7c4db95d2d935908cd05958a2d64108 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A temporary difference refers to a difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability, determined based on recognition and measurement requirements for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the future effects on income taxes that result from temporary differences and carryforwards that exist at the end of a period. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates and provisions of the enacted tax law and are not discounted to reflect the time-value of money. ##### [740-10-05-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:213f4787c85dbcb89efa5848e33cf349ab63c38d12cb2107a75e8bdc786480b3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As indicated in paragraph [740-10-25-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-23), temporary differences that will result in taxable amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled are often referred to as taxable temporary differences. Likewise, temporary differences that will result in deductible amounts in future years are often referred to as deductible temporary differences. Business combinations and [joint venture](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/j/#joint-venture "An entity owned and operated by a small group of businesses (the joint venturers) as a separate and specific business or project for the mutual benefit of the members of the group. A government may also be a member of the group. The purpose of a joint venture frequently is to share risks and rewards in developing a new market, product, or technology; to combine complementary technological knowledge; or to pool resources in developing production or other facilities. A joint venture also usually provides an arrangement under which each joint venturer may participate, directly or indirectly, in the overall management of the joint venture. Joint venturers thus have an interest or relationship other than as passive investors. An entity that is a subsidiary of one of the joint venturers is not a joint venture. The ownership of a joint venture seldom changes, and its equity interests usually are not traded publicly. A minority public ownership, however, does not preclude an entity from being a joint venture. As distinguished from a corporate joint venture, a joint venture is not limited to corporate entities.") formations may give rise to both taxable and deductible temporary differences. ##### [740-10-05-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:e85f739030392dc421de68f09f6c7590b4b195103162c8248e63502b15c30052 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As indicated in paragraph [740-10-25-30](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-30), certain basis differences may not result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability for financial reporting is recovered or settled and, therefore, may not be temporary differences for which a deferred tax liability or asset is recognized. ##### [740-10-05-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-05-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:15.857Z Record version: sha256:e91ba87d300f8b5a3e48436e45ab97bc38d5898c45793aafd982282b3f83d54f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As indicated in paragraph [740-10-25-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-24), some temporary differences are deferred taxable income or tax deductions and have balances only on the income tax balance sheet and therefore cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting. In such instances, there is no related, identifiable asset or liability for financial reporting, but there is a temporary difference that results from an [event](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#event "A happening of consequence to an entity. The term encompasses both transactions and other events affecting an entity.") that has been recognized in the financial statements and, based on provisions in the tax law, the temporary difference will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:18.271Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:18.271Z Record version: sha256:e5ecd26cfd8d761536b6bd8cac4091074ba0d774afe9c2a0532167c591f78215 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-10: 10 Objectives [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#10-objectives) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-10-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-10-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:18.271Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:18.271Z Record version: sha256:132f0c321a0a1d99af10f8406cda16348614197051bd253d5847ee811eab4004 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. There are two primary objectives related to accounting for [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income."): 1. a To recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year 2. b To recognize deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future [tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-consequences "The effects on income taxes—current or deferred—of an event.") of events that have been recognized in an entity's financial statements or tax returns. As it relates to the second objective, some events do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. In some tax jurisdictions, for example, interest earned on certain municipal obligations is not taxable and fines are not deductible. ##### [740-10-10-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-10-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:18.271Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:18.271Z Record version: sha256:973145cb265d0744e39c373caa5f9f26856e4c186143ae8ccb3ee067a667107e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Ideally, the second objective might be stated more specifically to recognize the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or tax returns. However, that objective is realistically constrained because: 1. a The tax payment or refund that results from a particular tax return is a joint result of all the items included in that return. 2. b Taxes that will be paid or refunded in future years are the joint result of events of the current or prior years and events of future years. 3. c Information available about the future is limited. As a result, attribution of taxes to individual items and events is arbitrary and, except in the simplest situations, requires estimates and approximations. ##### [740-10-10-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-10-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:18.271Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:18.271Z Record version: sha256:8a28b4d6cac4e1d8e685b6772299715c05df82a21db4967487e3e7b0b0e5fd5e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Conceptually, a [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") or [asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") represents the increase or decrease in taxes payable or refundable in future years as a result of [temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") and [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") at the end of the current year. That concept is an incremental concept. A literal application of that concept would result in measurement of the incremental tax effect as the difference between the following two measurements: 1. a The amount of taxes that will be payable or refundable in future years inclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards 2. b The amount of taxes that would be payable or refundable in future years exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards. However, in light of the constraints identified in the preceding paragraph, in computing the amount of deferred tax liabilities and assets, the objective is to measure a deferred tax liability or asset using the enacted tax rate(s) expected to apply to [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") in the periods in which the deferred tax liability or asset is expected to be settled or realized. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z Record version: sha256:a8e80f389c43c04d648b8c31b2fd347721f320ae4ad651e0395d267ad8099975 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-10-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z Record version: sha256:537020186b80da69aa818106b10800508278672196494d1b86758cfd44d153d0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The Scope Section of the Overall Subtopic establishes the pervasive scope for all Subtopics of the [Income Taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") Topic. Unless explicitly addressed within specific Subtopics, the following scope guidance applies to all Subtopics of the Income Taxes Topic. #### Entities ##### [740-10-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-15-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z Record version: sha256:8271942053a004cbc9b852331ab351d609a4e7867027fe9ca9c92de4c0b4137b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The principles and requirements of the Income Taxes Topic are applicable to domestic and foreign entities in preparing financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), including not-for-profit entities (NFP) with activities that are subject to income taxes. ##### [740-10-15-2A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-15-2A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z Record version: sha256:1b488753158cc6c8070c7a84d76d8ac1574e6724feb6341f3ccf904b5fc32e32 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [740-10-15-2AA](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-15-2AA) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z Record version: sha256:6b6b64a8e92b49c843d19dd214a358bb146338da22df72f37603c2976c1050be Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic relating to accounting for uncertainty in income taxes applies to all entities, including tax-exempt not-for-profit entities, pass-through entities, and entities that are taxed in a manner similar to pass-through entities such as real estate investment trusts and registered investment companies. ##### [740-10-15-2B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-15-2B) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z Record version: sha256:3d714e340e5c6d19b4ec3b476317b47211d80519ad9dc1f577c74ea94665b807 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). #### Transactions ##### [740-10-15-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-15-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z Record version: sha256:7851325880525d3522bb60aeb03b669dfbc597e741a7e95b4f51950b80927a3f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in the Income Taxes Topic applies to: 1. a Domestic federal (national) income taxes (U.S. federal income taxes for U.S. entities) and foreign, state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income 2. b An entity's domestic and foreign operations that are consolidated, combined, or accounted for by the equity method. ##### [740-10-15-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-15-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:20.073Z Record version: sha256:6eaff84510c27aa06b85304fb5bf1b04bd1d513032b19fb6902efc70ee2e4c8e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Topic does not apply to the following transactions and activities: 1. a A franchise tax (or similar tax) to the extent it is based on capital or a non-income-based amount and there is no portion of the tax based on income. If a franchise tax (or similar tax) is partially based on income (for example, an entity pays the greater of an income-based tax and a non-income-based tax), deferred tax assets and liabilities shall be recognized and accounted for in accordance with this Topic. Deferred tax assets and liabilities shall be measured using the applicable statutory income tax rate. An entity shall not consider the effect of potentially paying a non-income-based tax in future years when evaluating the realizability of its deferred tax assets. The amount of current tax expense equal to the amount that is based on income shall be accounted for in accordance with this Topic, with any incremental amount incurred accounted for as a non-income-based tax. See Example 17 (paragraph [740-10-55-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-139)) for an example of how to apply this guidance. 2. b A withholding tax for the benefit of the recipients of a dividend. A tax that is assessed on an entity based on dividends distributed is, in effect, a withholding tax for the benefit of recipients of the dividend and is not an income tax if both of the following conditions are met: 1. 1 The tax is payable by the entity if and only if a dividend is distributed to shareholders. The tax does not reduce future income taxes the entity would otherwise pay. 2. 2 Shareholders receiving the dividend are entitled to a tax credit at least equal to the tax paid by the entity and that credit is realizable either as a refund or as a reduction of taxes otherwise due, regardless of the tax status of the shareholders. See the guidance in paragraphs [740-10-55-72 through 55-74](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-72) dealing with determining whether a payment made to a taxing authority based on dividends distributed is an income tax. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:c3cc0f7470c81cdd78e9081b9c03363d7e04be088d88117bfd3f7d33b665ae68 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#25-recognition) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:d6b44901078339b1cc5103c743c45d192fa32f4711d5ae99fe0d246de31f03d2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section establishes the recognition requirements necessary to implement the objectives of accounting for [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") identified in Section 740-10-10. The following paragraph sets forth the basic recognition requirements while paragraph [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3) identifies specific, limited exceptions to the basic requirements. ##### [740-10-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:5fd1ada170f63a09608ea1e6b7ceb1739b78b52c611c40ebde6cb14c046cd45a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Other than the exceptions identified in the following paragraph, the following basic requirements are applied in accounting for income taxes at the date of the financial statements: 1. a A tax liability or asset shall be recognized based on the provisions of this Subtopic applicable to tax positions, in paragraphs [740-10-25-5 through 25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-5) , for the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the current and prior years. 2. b A [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") or [asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") shall be recognized for the estimated future tax effects attributable to [temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") and [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year."). ##### [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:99ea020f159c41b0d822913de3f509f9d6e431737822cdf5cf22b83139a29e47 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The only exceptions in applying those basic requirements are: 1. a Certain exceptions to the requirements for recognition of deferred taxes whereby a deferred tax liability is not recognized for the following types of temporary differences unless it becomes apparent that those temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future: 1. 1 An excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of an investment in a foreign subsidiary or a foreign [corporate joint venture](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#corporate-joint-venture "A corporation owned and operated by a small group of entities (the joint venturers) as a separate and specific business or project for the mutual benefit of the members of the group. A government may also be a member of the group. The purpose of a corporate joint venture frequently is to share risks and rewards in developing a new market, product or technology; to combine complementary technological knowledge; or to pool resources in developing production or other facilities. A corporate joint venture also usually provides an arrangement under which each joint venturer may participate, directly or indirectly, in the overall management of the joint venture. Joint venturers thus have an interest or relationship other than as passive investors. An entity that is a subsidiary of one of the joint venturers is not a corporate joint venture. The ownership of a corporate joint venture seldom changes, and its stock is usually not traded publicly. A noncontrolling interest held by public ownership, however, does not preclude a corporation from being a corporate joint venture.") that is essentially permanent in duration. See paragraphs [740-30-25-18 through 25-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18) for the specific requirements related to this exception. 2. 2 Undistributed earnings of a domestic subsidiary or a domestic corporate joint venture that is essentially permanent in duration that arose in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992. A last-in, first-out (LIFO) pattern determines whether reversals pertain to differences that arose in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992. See paragraphs [740-30-25-18 through 25-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18) for the specific requirements related to this exception. 3. 3 Bad debt reserves for tax purposes of U.S. savings and loan associations (and other qualified thrift lenders) that arose in tax years beginning before December 31, 1987. See paragraphs [942-740-25-1 through 25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-25-1) for the specific requirements related to this exception. 4. 4 Policyholders' surplus of stock life insurance entities that arose in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992. See paragraph [944-740-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#740-944-25-2) for the specific requirements related to this exception. 2. b [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-15/). 3. c The pattern of recognition of after-tax income for [leveraged leases](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#leveraged-lease "From the perspective of a lessor, a lease that was classified as a leveraged lease in accordance with the leases guidance in effect before the effective date and for which the commencement date is before the effective date.") or the allocation of the purchase price in a purchase business combination to acquired leveraged leases as required by Subtopic 842-50 4. d A prohibition on recognition of a deferred tax liability related to goodwill (or the portion thereof) for which amortization is not deductible for tax purposes (see paragraph [805-740-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-3)) 5. e A prohibition on recognition of a deferred tax asset for the difference between the tax basis of [inventory](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#inventory "The aggregate of those items of tangible personal property that have any of the following characteristics: Held for sale in the ordinary course of business In process of production for such sale To be currently consumed in the production of goods or services to be available for sale. The term inventory embraces goods awaiting sale (the merchandise of a trading concern and the finished goods of a manufacturer), goods in the course of production (work in process), and goods to be consumed directly or indirectly in production (raw materials and supplies). This definition of inventories excludes long-term assets subject to depreciation accounting, or goods which, when put into use, will be so classified. The fact that a depreciable asset is retired from regular use and held for sale does not indicate that the item should be classified as part of the inventory. Raw materials and supplies purchased for production may be used or consumed for the construction of long-term assets or other purposes not related to production, but the fact that inventory items representing a small portion of the total may not be absorbed ultimately in the production process does not require separate classification. By trade practice, operating materials and supplies of certain types of entities such as oil producers are usually treated as inventory.") in the buyer's tax jurisdiction and the carrying value as reported in the consolidated financial statements as a result of an intra-entity transfer of inventory from one tax-paying component to another tax-paying component of the same consolidated group. Income taxes paid on intra-entity profits on inventory remaining within the consolidated group are accounted for under the requirements of Subtopic 810-10. 6. f A prohibition on recognition of a deferred tax liability or asset for differences related to assets and liabilities that, under Subtopic 830-10, are remeasured from the local currency into the functional currency using historical exchange rates and that result from changes in exchange rates or indexing for tax purposes. See Subtopic 830-740 for guidance on foreign currency related income taxes matters. ##### [740-10-25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:36e36ad1e8239554168b731897463630e926d3c99ff7518b0531164f1b56f132 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. References in this Subtopic to [income taxes currently payable](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes-currently-payable-refundable "See Current Tax Expense (or Benefit).") and (total) income tax expense are intended to also include income taxes currently refundable and (total) income tax benefit, respectively. #### Basic Recognition Threshold ##### [740-10-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:46a0f87cd8e3fd34afd35bdbd981854d43ca4f46076897aa52ccb5223a7c74a4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic requires the application of a more-likely-than-not recognition criterion to a [tax position](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity.") before and separate from the measurement of a tax position. See paragraph [740-10-55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-3) for guidance related to this two-step process. ##### [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:c10c6050070c1081cfd1f9aa5ddbbab54d5d4cf6a1d411e0d7ec162357e7a336 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall initially recognize the financial statement effects of a tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. The term _more likely than not_ means a likelihood of more than 50 percent; the terms _examined_ and _upon examination_ also include resolution of the related appeals or litigation processes, if any. For example, if an entity determines that it is certain that the entire cost of an acquired asset is fully deductible, the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold has been met. The more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is a positive assertion that an entity believes it is entitled to the economic benefits associated with a tax position. The determination of whether or not a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold shall consider the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. The level of evidence that is necessary and appropriate to support an entity's assessment of the technical merits of a tax position is a matter of judgment that depends on all available information. ##### [740-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:291de9514a6983374151a6eb99222a35c73867699e114e7b8c597098c3ddd224 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In making the required assessment of the more-likely-than-not criterion: 1. a It shall be presumed that the tax position will be examined by the relevant taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. 2. b Technical merits of a tax position derive from sources of authorities in the tax law (legislation and statutes, legislative intent, regulations, rulings, and case law) and their applicability to the facts and circumstances of the tax position. When the past administrative practices and precedents of the taxing authority in its dealings with the entity or similar entities are widely understood, for example, by preparers, tax practitioners and auditors, those practices and precedents shall be taken into account. 3. c Each tax position shall be evaluated without consideration of the possibility of offset or aggregation with other positions. ##### [740-10-25-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:0c0c8c9c0c60483633424306c15d61f6567840ed000886e0120fab88b5b50b6b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is not met in the period for which a tax position is taken or expected to be taken, an entity shall recognize the benefit of the tax position in the first interim period that meets any one of the following conditions: 1. a The more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is met by the reporting date. 2. b The tax position is effectively settled through examination, negotiation or litigation. 3. c The statute of limitations for the relevant taxing authority to examine and challenge the tax position has expired. Accordingly, a change in facts after the reporting date but before the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (as discussed in Section 855-10-25) shall be recognized in the period in which the change in facts occurs. ##### [740-10-25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:dc9602c037b5403e37892e3d0f53de8dd6370234efbad1560358a5a1802219c5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A tax position could be effectively settled upon examination by a taxing authority. Assessing whether a tax position is effectively settled is a matter of judgment because examinations occur in a variety of ways. In determining whether a tax position is effectively settled, an entity shall make the assessment on a position-by-position basis, but an entity could conclude that all positions in a particular tax year are effectively settled. ##### [740-10-25-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:d0b47ad3999d4d0330ba24cff00c8848cd5ceeb61e3fd45d24da4d32231f99b4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As required by paragraph [740-10-25-8(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-8) an entity shall recognize the benefit of a tax position when it is effectively settled. An entity shall evaluate all of the following conditions when determining effective settlement: 1. a The taxing authority has completed its examination procedures including all appeals and administrative reviews that the taxing authority is required and expected to perform for the tax position. 2. b The entity does not intend to appeal or litigate any aspect of the tax position included in the completed examination. 3. c It is remote that the taxing authority would examine or reexamine any aspect of the tax position. In making this assessment management shall consider the taxing authority's policy on reopening closed examinations and the specific facts and circumstances of the tax position. Management shall presume the relevant taxing authority has full knowledge of all relevant information in making the assessment on whether the taxing authority would reopen a previously closed examination. ##### [740-10-25-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:6aee4d25b7fb965ad65133924f8bb46668eba33c066494ffcb82a2bddcf5546b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In the tax years under examination, a tax position does not need to be specifically reviewed or examined by the taxing authority to be considered effectively settled through examination. Effective settlement of a position subject to an examination does not result in effective settlement of similar or identical tax positions in periods that have not been examined. ##### [740-10-25-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:7818f7968581009d3eb67675a4aa0117ebd357a4cd3f2ee80bbb3f7070eec901 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity may obtain information during the examination process that enables that entity to change its assessment of the technical merits of a tax position or of similar tax positions taken in other periods. However, the effectively settled conditions in paragraph [740-10-25-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-10) do not provide any basis for the entity to change its assessment of the technical merits of any tax position in other periods. ##### [740-10-25-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:af6d34a664894bdfc82162ca88a7f37016e850d50fd70d32c965e1d23a6f69b7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The appropriate unit of account for determining what constitutes an individual tax position, and whether the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is met for a tax position, is a matter of judgment based on the individual facts and circumstances of that position evaluated in light of all available evidence. The determination of the unit of account to be used shall consider the manner in which the entity prepares and supports its income tax return and the approach the entity anticipates the taxing authority will take during an examination. Because the individual facts and circumstances of a tax position and of an entity taking that position will determine the appropriate unit of account, a single defined unit of account would not be applicable to all situations. ##### [740-10-25-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:95aca6d389085bdc608403ec888d1c0b9ca24312a1d85b4b51bb1d7c2b226343 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Subsequent recognition shall be based on management's best judgment given the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. A tax position need not be legally extinguished and its resolution need not be certain to subsequently recognize the position. Subsequent changes in judgment that lead to changes in recognition shall result from the evaluation of new information and not from a new evaluation or new interpretation by management of information that was available in a previous financial reporting period. See Sections 740-10-35 and 740-10-40 for guidance on changes in judgment leading to derecognition of and measurement changes for a tax position. ##### [740-10-25-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:6a1b0c70c322f4d094da90e9cb0f895aebd92f0a70ff66e471a1f27cc8384b2e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A change in judgment that results in subsequent recognition, derecognition, or change in measurement of a tax position taken in a prior annual period (including any related interest and penalties) shall be recognized as a discrete item in the period in which the change occurs. Paragraph [740-270-35-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/740/#270-740-35-6) addresses the different accounting required for such changes in a prior interim period within the same fiscal year. ##### [740-10-25-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:4b5534235d53191c0225936fe4b4a0ccc2e394ed5ce03be17a401a89aa425da6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The amount of benefit recognized in the statement of financial position may differ from the amount taken or expected to be taken in a tax return for the current year. These differences represent unrecognized tax benefits. A liability is created (or the amount of a net operating loss carryforward or amount refundable is reduced) for an [unrecognized tax benefit](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/u/#unrecognized-tax-benefit "The difference between a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefit recognized and measured pursuant to Subtopic 740-10.") because it represents an entity's potential future obligation to the taxing authority for a tax position that was not recognized under the requirements of this Subtopic. ##### [740-10-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:91494cb577de37c4f461c14c88947c202d2de406f47838558af87dd86a8baeeb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A tax position recognized in the financial statements may also affect the tax bases of assets or liabilities and thereby change or create [temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences."). A [taxable](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in taxable amounts in future years when the related asset is recovered or the related liability is settled. See Temporary Difference.") and [deductible temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deductible-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. See Temporary Difference.") is a difference between the reported amount of an item in the financial statements and the tax basis of an item as determined by applying this Subtopic's recognition threshold and measurement provisions for tax positions. See paragraph [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) for measurement requirements. #### Temporary Differences ##### [740-10-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:dcf24d704c4fcab229921afd201b1421dd6f606f06ac4fa576fa5c2155419650 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Income taxes currently payable for a particular year usually include the [tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-consequences "The effects on income taxes—current or deferred—of an event.") of most events that are recognized in the financial statements for that year. ##### [740-10-25-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-19) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:a4ed28147782abd568acae9f7fbe46fab128be8fa041e1e155bf54bfa8e9ab04 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. However, because tax laws and financial accounting standards differ in their recognition and measurement of assets, liabilities, equity, revenues, expenses, gains, and losses, differences arise between: 1. a The amount of [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") and pretax financial income for a year 2. b The tax bases of assets or liabilities and their reported amounts in financial statements. Guidance for computing the tax bases of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes is provided in this Subtopic. ##### [740-10-25-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-20) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:e14253f26892e036499e13006bc243c0a0b7bedf665c3d267afbf668421babce Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An assumption inherent in an entity's statement of financial position prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) is that the reported amounts of assets and liabilities will be recovered and settled, respectively. Based on that assumption, a difference between the tax basis of an asset or a liability and its reported amount in the statement of financial position will result in taxable or deductible amounts in some future year(s) when the reported amounts of assets are recovered and the reported amounts of liabilities are settled. Examples include the following: 1. a Revenues or gains that are taxable after they are recognized in financial income. An asset (for example, a receivable from an installment sale) may be recognized for revenues or gains that will result in future taxable amounts when the asset is recovered. 2. b Expenses or losses that are deductible after they are recognized in financial income. A liability (for example, a product warranty liability) may be recognized for expenses or losses that will result in future tax deductible amounts when the liability is settled. 3. c Revenues or gains that are taxable before they are recognized in financial income. A liability (for example, subscriptions received in advance) may be recognized for an advance payment for goods or services to be provided in future years. For tax purposes, the advance payment is included in taxable income upon the receipt of cash. Future sacrifices to provide goods or services (or future refunds to those who cancel their orders) will result in future tax deductible amounts when the liability is settled. 4. d Expenses or losses that are deductible before they are recognized in financial income. The cost of an asset (for example, depreciable personal property) may have been deducted for tax purposes faster than it was depreciated for financial reporting. Amounts received upon future recovery of the amount of the asset for financial reporting will exceed the remaining tax basis of the asset, and the excess will be taxable when the asset is recovered. 5. e A reduction in the tax basis of depreciable assets because of tax credits. Amounts received upon future recovery of the amount of the asset for financial reporting will exceed the remaining tax basis of the asset, and the excess will be taxable when the asset is recovered. For example, a tax law may provide taxpayers with the choice of either taking the full amount of depreciation deductions and a reduced tax credit (that is, investment tax credit and certain other tax credits) or taking the full tax credit and a reduced amount of depreciation deductions. 6. f Investment tax credits accounted for by the deferral method. Under the deferral method as established in paragraph [740-10-25-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-46), investment tax credits are viewed and accounted for as a reduction of the cost of the related asset (even though, for financial statement presentation, deferred investment tax credits may be reported as deferred income). Amounts received upon future recovery of the reduced cost of the asset for financial reporting will be less than the tax basis of the asset, and the difference will be tax deductible when the asset is recovered. 7. g An increase in the tax basis of assets because of indexing whenever the local currency is the functional currency. The tax law for a particular tax jurisdiction might require adjustment of the tax basis of a depreciable (or other) asset for the effects of inflation. The inflation-adjusted tax basis of the asset would be used to compute future tax deductions for depreciation or to compute gain or loss on sale of the asset. Amounts received upon future recovery of the local currency historical cost of the asset will be less than the remaining tax basis of the asset, and the difference will be tax deductible when the asset is recovered. 8. h Business combinations and combinations accounted for by [not-for-profit entities](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/n/#not-for-profit-entity "An entity that possesses the following characteristics, in varying degrees, that distinguish it from a business entity: Contributions of significant amounts of resources from resource providers who do not expect commensurate or proportionate pecuniary return Operating purposes other than to provide goods or services at a profit Absence of ownership interests like those of business entities. Entities that clearly fall outside this definition include the following: All investor-owned entities Entities that provide dividends, lower costs, or other economic benefits directly and proportionately to their owners, members, or participants, such as mutual insurance entities, credit unions, farm and rural electric cooperatives, and employee benefit plans.") (NFPs). There may be differences between the tax bases and the recognized values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. There also may be differences between the tax bases and the recognized values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in an [acquisition by a not-for-profit entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-by-a-not-for-profit-entity "A transaction or other event in which a not-for-profit acquirer obtains control of one or more nonprofit activities or businesses and initially recognizes their assets and liabilities in the acquirer's financial statements. When applicable guidance in Topic 805 is applied by a not-for-profit entity, the term business combination has the same meaning as this term has for a for-profit entity. Likewise, a reference to business combinations in guidance that links to Topic 805 has the same meaning as a reference to acquisitions by not-for-profit entities.") or between the tax bases and the recognized values of the assets and liabilities carried over to the records of a new entity formed by a [merger of not-for-profit entities](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/m/#merger-of-not-for-profit-entities "A transaction or other event in which the governing bodies of two or more not-for-profit entities cede control of those entities to create a new not-for-profit entity."). Those differences will result in taxable or deductible amounts when the reported amounts of the assets or liabilities are recovered or settled, respectively. 9. i Intra-entity transfers of an asset other than [inventory](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#inventory "The aggregate of those items of tangible personal property that have any of the following characteristics: Held for sale in the ordinary course of business In process of production for such sale To be currently consumed in the production of goods or services to be available for sale. The term inventory embraces goods awaiting sale (the merchandise of a trading concern and the finished goods of a manufacturer), goods in the course of production (work in process), and goods to be consumed directly or indirectly in production (raw materials and supplies). This definition of inventories excludes long-term assets subject to depreciation accounting, or goods which, when put into use, will be so classified. The fact that a depreciable asset is retired from regular use and held for sale does not indicate that the item should be classified as part of the inventory. Raw materials and supplies purchased for production may be used or consumed for the construction of long-term assets or other purposes not related to production, but the fact that inventory items representing a small portion of the total may not be absorbed ultimately in the production process does not require separate classification. By trade practice, operating materials and supplies of certain types of entities such as oil producers are usually treated as inventory."). There may be a difference between the tax basis of an asset in the buyer's tax jurisdiction and the carrying value of the asset reported in the consolidated financial statements as the result of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory from one tax-paying component to another tax-paying component of the same consolidated group. That difference will result in taxable or deductible amounts when the asset is recovered. ##### [740-10-25-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-21) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:e0498d168795fd5e5ffe44ecf4572419f258bb073c9f000bf4ff107b747de288 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The examples in (a) through (d) in paragraph [740-10-25-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-20) illustrate revenues, expenses, gains, or losses that are included in taxable income of an earlier or later year than the year in which they are recognized in pretax financial income. Those differences between taxable income and pretax financial income also create differences (sometimes accumulating over more than one year) between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in the financial statements. The examples in (e) through (i) in paragraph [740-10-25-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-20) illustrate other events that create differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in the financial statements. For all of the examples, the differences result in taxable or deductible amounts when the reported amount of an asset or liability in the financial statements is recovered or settled, respectively. ##### [740-10-25-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-22) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:ece63b013eeba544eb09e7bed6db0f564d43dd6e47a48c23210af4117de2bfd7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Topic refers collectively to the types of differences illustrated by the examples in paragraph [740-10-25-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-20) and to the ones described in paragraph [740-10-25-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-24) as temporary differences. ##### [740-10-25-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-23) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:18f0305111d78510c565dc3a99c9ec63d0a5866ad7764b6a08185123683081a6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Temporary differences that will result in taxable amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled are often referred to as taxable temporary differences (the examples in paragraph [740-10-25-20(a), (d), and (e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-20) are taxable temporary differences). Likewise, temporary differences that will result in deductible amounts in future years are often referred to as deductible temporary differences (the examples in paragraph [740-10-25-20(b), (c), (f), and (g)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-20) are deductible temporary differences). Business combinations and intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory (the examples in paragraph [740-10-25-20(h) through (i)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-20)) may give rise to both taxable and deductible temporary differences. ##### [740-10-25-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-24) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:3906ef928115dfbda76c344cb4cd0a9b4c43e91e9957b427d6a6d99202f11b23 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Some temporary differences are deferred taxable income or tax deductions and have balances only on the income tax balance sheet and therefore cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting. ##### [740-10-25-25](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-25) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:207ca2ecd0ee568867b2a189d6dba1211921cec7c88ff8660c0d14cb353785a1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. That occurs, for example, when [revenue](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#revenue "Inflows or other enhancements of assets of an entity or settlements of its liabilities (or a combination of both) from delivering or producing goods, rendering services, or other activities that constitute the entity's ongoing major or central operations.") on a long-term [contract](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#contract "An agreement between two or more parties that creates enforceable rights and obligations.")with a [customer](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#customer "A party that has contracted with an entity to obtain goods or services that are an output of the entity's ordinary activities in exchange for consideration.") is recognized over time using a measure of progress to depict performance over time in accordance with the guidance in Subtopic 606-10, for financial reporting that is different from the recognition pattern used for tax purposes (for example, when the contract is completed). The temporary difference (income on the contract) is deferred income for tax purposes that becomes taxable when the contract is completed. Another example is organizational costs that are recognized as expenses when incurred for financial reporting and are deferred and deducted in a later year for tax purposes. ##### [740-10-25-26](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-26) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:ea98971bc156fe454401c06d2dcf992311023db7e587fc9f011b989cde2c646d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In both instances, there is no related, identifiable asset or liability for financial reporting, but there is a temporary difference that results from an [event](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#event "A happening of consequence to an entity. The term encompasses both transactions and other events affecting an entity.") that has been recognized in the financial statements and, based on provisions in the tax law, the temporary difference will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years. ##### [740-10-25-27](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-27) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:480683f79fb98ab2fc1d84f375819cd35deac683b517c8742c152227f5130285 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity might be able to delay the future reversal of taxable temporary differences by delaying the events that give rise to those reversals, for example, by delaying the recovery of related assets or the settlement of related liabilities. ##### [740-10-25-28](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-28) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:da5b394c911374eda0d22e5f641875f74398c0cff07d1fb75eb20aea416432b6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A contention that those temporary differences will never result in taxable amounts, however, would contradict the accounting assumption inherent in the statement of financial position that the reported amounts of assets and liabilities will be recovered and settled, respectively; thereby making that statement internally inconsistent. Because of that inherent accounting assumption, the only question is when, not whether, temporary differences will result in taxable amounts in future years. ##### [740-10-25-29](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-29) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:2879ec46a7b5598ca2994a889a793fa3a09c884271b688dbeab3083b9f358ecd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Except for the temporary differences addressed in paragraph [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3), which shall be accounted for as provided in that paragraph, an entity shall recognize a deferred tax liability or asset for all temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards in accordance with the measurement provisions of paragraph [740-10-30-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-5). #### Basis Differences that Are Not Temporary Differences ##### [740-10-25-30](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-30) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:6753f2ffac54813c7ec0f6587e07bbc79f58fcaea834d3e1d61759634b8bbc10 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Certain basis differences may not result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability for financial reporting is recovered or settled and, therefore, may not be temporary differences for which a deferred tax liability or asset is recognized. One example, depending on the provisions of the tax law, could be the excess of cash surrender value of life insurance over premiums paid. That excess is a temporary difference if the cash surrender value is expected to be recovered by surrendering the policy, but is not a temporary difference if the asset is expected to be recovered without tax consequence upon the death of the insured (if under provisions of the tax law there will be no taxable amount if the insurance policy is held until the death of the insured). ##### [740-10-25-31](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-31) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:14863f73d937709c7e9ffa7c3d8cb1b0461e5938ba42c6dff09d6aad8385416f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Tax-to-tax differences are not temporary differences. Recognition of a deferred tax asset for tax-to-tax differences is prohibited as tax-to-tax differences are not one of the exceptions identified in paragraph [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3). An example of a tax-to-tax difference is an excess of the parent entity's tax basis of the stock of an acquired entity over the tax basis of the net assets of the acquired entity. #### Change in Tax Status ##### [740-10-25-32](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-32) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:8fd9e7ffbb4c8cc304806968c60bb4c90d65fa6e64672cb2aea647c8c2998e7d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity's tax status may change from nontaxable to taxable or from taxable to nontaxable. An example is a change from a partnership to a corporation and vice versa. A deferred tax liability or asset shall be recognized for temporary differences in accordance with the requirements of this Subtopic at the date that a nontaxable entity becomes a taxable entity. A decision to classify an entity as tax exempt is a tax position. ##### [740-10-25-33](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-33) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:a108bcbe49af84940128f242e6e8267d93d82e90f61c1b8dd0010633cb543289 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The effect of an election for a voluntary change in tax status is recognized on the approval date or on the filing date if approval is not necessary and a change in tax status that results from a change in tax law is recognized on the enactment date. ##### [740-10-25-34](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-34) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:ae3180f8248bdca893598c1b3bba251f4ec043c292604b946e8d76e112c684b9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For example, if an election to change an entity's tax status is approved by the taxing authority (or filed, if approval is not necessary) early in Year 2 and before the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (as discussed in Section 855-10-25) for Year 1, the effect of that change in tax status shall not be recognized in the financial statements for Year 1. #### Tax Holidays ##### [740-10-25-35](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-35) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:f669a19caf25c5fa98214b5e1e310af19a0decb16f3dd4b33d6be27718398b9c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. There are tax jurisdictions that may grant an entity a holiday from income taxes for a specified period. These are commonly referred to as tax holidays. An entity may have an expected future reduction in taxes payable during a tax holiday. ##### [740-10-25-36](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-36) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:0e37a22452f9df6405acba3f67a45faa0f814f31b8e55a42de6319e46a90db1a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Recognition of a deferred tax asset for any tax holiday is prohibited because of the practical problems in distinguishing unique tax holidays (if any exist) for which recognition of a deferred tax asset might be appropriate from generally available tax holidays and measuring the deferred tax asset. #### Effect of Anticipated Future Special Deductions, Losses, and Tax Credits ##### [740-10-25-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-37) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:1b8a80203655aa60a413ea9b8d40077820d29f0f02d7819af171f3cb6fdcc0e7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax benefit of statutory depletion and other types of special deductions such as those that may be available for certain health benefit entities and small life insurance entities in future years shall not be anticipated for purposes of offsetting a deferred tax liability for taxable temporary differences at the end of the current year. The tax benefit of special deductions ordinarily is recognized no earlier than the year in which those special deductions are deductible on the tax return. However, some portion of the future tax effects of special deductions are implicitly recognized in determining the average graduated tax rate to be used for measuring deferred taxes when graduated tax rates are a significant factor and the need for a [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") for deferred tax assets. In those circumstances, implicit recognition is unavoidable because those special deductions are one of the determinants of future taxable income and future taxable income determines the average graduated tax rate and sometimes determines the need for a valuation allowance. See Section 740-10-30 for measurement requirements related to determining tax rates and a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. ##### [740-10-25-38](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-38) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:5b1da10b854cca5ad9c14595e14eef5704e866a07f51b57d067109736f48640c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Conceptually, under an incremental approach as discussed in paragraph [740-10-10-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-10-3), the tax consequences of tax losses expected in future years would be anticipated for purposes of: 1. a Nonrecognition of a deferred tax liability for taxable temporary differences if there will be no future sacrifice because of future tax losses that otherwise would expire unused 2. b Recognition of a deferred tax asset for the carryback refund of taxes paid for the current or a prior year because of future tax losses that otherwise would expire unused. However, the anticipation of the tax consequences of future tax losses is prohibited. ##### [740-10-25-39](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-39) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:f9487f54afec7e35cf7d7eb006109668ae0095a85f3a0d33f9fa41f3792bad5d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Certain foreign jurisdictions tax corporate income at different rates depending on whether that income is distributed to shareholders. For example, while undistributed profits in a foreign jurisdiction may be subject to a corporate tax rate of 45 percent, distributed income may be taxed at 30 percent. Entities that pay dividends from previously undistributed income may receive a tax credit (or tax refund) equal to the difference between the tax computed at the undistributed rate in effect the year the income is earned (for tax purposes) and the tax computed at the distributed rate in effect the year the dividend is distributed. ##### [740-10-25-40](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-40) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:f9689cd3d0c0983c8b95496f3271ec9f01e252d8c84dc3df6389a6d685f706ee Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In the separate financial statements of an entity that pays dividends subject to the tax credit to its shareholders, a deferred tax asset shall not be recognized for the tax benefits of future tax credits that will be realized when the previously taxed income is distributed; rather, those tax benefits shall be recognized as a reduction of income tax expense in the period that the tax credits are included in the entity's tax return. ##### [740-10-25-41](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-41) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:3688a9a9a4eca7f24d278ebcfa607e7e5b83acb94dcbe0968107f29cdd9a15b4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The accounting required in the preceding paragraph may differ in the consolidated financial statements of a parent that includes a foreign subsidiary that receives a tax credit for dividends paid, if the parent expects to remit the subsidiary's earnings. Assume that the parent has not availed itself of the exception for foreign unremitted earnings that may be available under paragraph [740-30-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-17). In that case, in the consolidated financial statements of a parent, the future tax credit that will be received when dividends are paid and the deferred tax effects related to the operations of the foreign subsidiary shall be recognized based on the distributed rate because, as assumed in that case, the parent is not applying the indefinite reversal criteria exception that may be available under that paragraph. However, the undistributed rate shall be used in the consolidated financial statements to the extent that the parent has not provided for deferred taxes on the unremitted earnings of the foreign subsidiary as a result of applying the indefinite reversal criteria recognition exception. #### Alternative Minimum Tax ##### [740-10-25-42](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-42) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:f0e6bf14794cca7d29f9f7cbf9939b2b8ae625b498da3bd18b194ecdbf0096f7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance refers to provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1986; however, it shall not be considered a definitive interpretation of the Act for any purpose. ##### [740-10-25-43](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-43) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:512b1f92175c6e8092e930858d12348d5d4efe42c3bc51bc61313deb2522bd00 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 established an [alternative minimum tax](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#alternative-minimum-tax "A tax that results from the use of an alternate determination of a corporation's federal income tax liability under provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code.") system in the United States. Under the Act, an entity's federal income tax liability is the greater of the tax computed using the regular tax system (regular tax) or the tax under the alternative minimum tax system. A credit (alternative minimum tax credit) may be earned for tax paid on an alternative minimum tax basis that is in excess of the amount of regular tax that would have otherwise been paid. With certain exceptions, the alternative minimum tax credit can be carried forward indefinitely and used to reduce regular tax, but not below the alternative minimum tax for that future year. The alternative minimum tax system shall be viewed as a separate but parallel tax system that may generate a credit carryforward. Alternative minimum tax in excess of regular tax shall not be viewed as a prepayment of future regular tax to the extent that it results in alternative minimum tax credits. ##### [740-10-25-44](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-44) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:1233ef7a02a8fa297b8100498b42fa578888257af347afa124564315751cd3ae Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A deferred tax asset is recognized for alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs [740-10-30-5(d) through (e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-5). #### Investment Tax Credits ##### [740-10-25-45](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-45) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:edc5da54f38d659098e82997e1969a4b2c5389da83f792a246336561fbb80c12 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An investment credit shall be reflected in the financial statements to the extent it has been used as an offset against income taxes otherwise currently payable or to the extent its benefit is recognizable under the provisions of this Topic. ##### [740-10-25-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-46) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:feaaca0f4dd5d8888ee9801b2f5bdbafb42d1ca6549989e3fffbba8a2d758b9a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. While it shall be considered preferable for the allowable investment credit to be reflected in net income over the productive life of acquired property (the deferral method), treating the credit as a reduction of federal income taxes of the year in which the credit arises (the flow-through method) is also acceptable. For investments that meet the conditions in paragraph [323-740-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/323/740/#323-740-25-1) for which an entity has elected to apply the proportional amortization method, the flow-through method shall be used. #### Changes in Laws or Rates ##### [740-10-25-47](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-47) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:df8be1f928e5728a5ce1d26ebd867495df75e136861a5a58004a38591eeb648a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The effect of a change in tax laws or rates shall be recognized at the date of enactment. ##### [740-10-25-48](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-48) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:e1ab0e4dd7f39001e58c6c828e0f290f5dc5075561a0d8407b03fa5f29ce526e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax effect of a retroactive change in enacted tax rates on current and deferred tax assets and liabilities shall be determined at the date of enactment using temporary differences and currently taxable income existing as of the date of enactment. #### Acquired Temporary Differences in Certain Purchase Transactions That Are Not Accounted for as Business Combinations ##### [740-10-25-49](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-49) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:207cce3352daa50bf80826e57acaa0a0a0a154ba7f2f04f6d171f29ce6f780be Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance addresses the accounting when an asset is acquired outside of a business combination and the tax basis of the asset differs from the amount paid. ##### [740-10-25-50](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-50) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:88ba8668a979ebf9b74f18a45e88bfd87199ca82a825b741179e47f0ecb38837 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax basis of an asset is the amount used for tax purposes and is a question of fact under the tax law. An asset's tax basis is not determined simply by the amount that is depreciable for tax purposes. For example, in certain circumstances, an asset's tax basis may not be fully depreciable for tax purposes but would nevertheless be deductible upon sale or liquidation of the asset. In other cases, an asset may be depreciated at amounts in excess of tax basis; however, such excess deductions are subject to recapture in the event of sale. ##### [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:5ae948fb9c795f491d6e9771b991cd3e090fa5743554ee88d911b728eaa1f76f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax effect of asset purchases that are not business combinations in which the amount paid differs from the tax basis of the asset shall not result in immediate income statement recognition. The simultaneous equations method shall be used to record the assigned value of the asset and the related deferred tax asset or liability. (See Example 25, Cases A and B \[paragraphs [740-10-55-171 through 55-182](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-171) \] for illustrations of the simultaneous equations method.) For purposes of applying this requirement, the following applies: 1. a An acquired financial asset shall be recorded at fair value, an acquired asset held for disposal shall be recorded at fair value less cost to sell, and deferred tax assets shall be recorded at the amount required by this Topic. 2. b An excess of the amounts assigned to the acquired assets over the consideration paid shall be allocated pro rata to reduce the values assigned to noncurrent assets acquired (except financial assets, assets held for disposal, and deferred tax assets). If the allocation reduces the noncurrent assets to zero, the remainder shall be classified as a deferred credit. (See Example 25, Cases C and D \[paragraphs [740-10-55-183 through 55-193](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-183) \] for illustrations of transactions that result in a deferred credit.) The deferred credit is not a temporary difference under this Subtopic. 3. c A reduction in the valuation allowance of the acquiring entity that is directly attributable to the asset acquisition shall be accounted for in accordance with paragraph [805-740-30-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-30-3). Subsequent accounting for an acquired valuation allowance (for example, the subsequent recognition of an acquired deferred tax asset by elimination of a valuation allowance established at the date of acquisition of the asset) would be in accordance with paragraphs [805-740-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-3) and [805-740-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-2). ##### [740-10-25-52](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-52) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:4dd5ad8a5b2743fde889f83b863dda6a700457a3e8c419ea124e3326c894c406 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The net tax benefit (that is, the difference between the amount paid and the deferred tax asset recognized) resulting from the purchase of future tax benefits from a third party which is not a government acting in its capacity as a taxing authority shall be recorded using the same model described in the preceding paragraph. (See Example 25, Case F \[paragraph [740-10-55-199](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-199)\] for an illustration of a purchase of future tax benefits.) #### Transactions Directly between a Taxpayer and a Government ##### [740-10-25-53](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-53) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:8e1bc4c88c00fb781cf35a4dfd449df4b1b7c0238d2dd565d16595e1f0708df6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transactions directly between a taxpayer and a government (in its capacity as a taxing authority) shall be recorded directly in income (in a manner similar to the way in which an entity accounts for changes in tax laws, rates, or other tax elections under this Subtopic). (See Example 26 \[paragraph [740-10-55-202](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-202)\] for an illustration of a transaction directly with a governmental taxing authority.) ##### [740-10-25-54](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-54) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:20096d36c0b3297a672943e5206a82d94d910b9782ffc69c09a5261e9866b65e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall determine whether a step up in the tax basis of goodwill relates to the business combination in which the book goodwill was originally recognized or whether it relates to a separate transaction. In situations in which the tax basis step up relates to the business combination in which the book goodwill was originally recognized, no deferred tax asset would be recorded for the increase in basis except to the extent that the newly deductible goodwill amount exceeds the remaining balance of book goodwill. In situations in which the tax basis step up relates to a separate transaction, a deferred tax asset would be recorded for the entire amount of the newly created tax goodwill in accordance with this Subtopic. Factors that may indicate that the step up in tax basis relates to a separate transaction include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. a A significant lapse in time between the transactions has occurred. 2. b The tax basis in the newly created goodwill is not the direct result of settlement of liabilities recorded in connection with the acquisition. 3. c The step up in tax basis is based on a valuation of the goodwill or the business that was performed as of a date after the business combination. 4. d The transaction resulting in the step up in tax basis requires more than a simple tax election. 5. e The entity incurs a cash tax cost or sacrifices existing tax attributes to achieve the step up in tax basis. 6. f The transaction resulting in the step up in tax basis was not contemplated at the time of the business combination. ##### [740-10-25-55](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-55) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:6c4103fff3f71b402c40a5dba4504215c10f1f570c01031d91af88fd43018253 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-09/). #### Interest and Penalties ##### [740-10-25-56](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-56) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:64933a3ab43fa20d870c6fac406df1ae7d02e7c1505c44593d8561b596ec9cb2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. When the tax law requires interest to be paid on an underpayment of income taxes, an entity shall begin recognizing interest expense in the first period the interest would begin accruing according to the provisions of the relevant tax law. ##### [740-10-25-57](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-57) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:23.888Z Record version: sha256:cda0bdeeb34335d781ef1141ba7635d873e98b08c01bc75e633fb974c84ef1db Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a tax position does not meet the minimum statutory threshold to avoid payment of penalties (considering the factors in paragraph [740-10-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-7)), an entity shall recognize an expense for the amount of the statutory penalty in the period in which the entity claims or expects to claim the position in the tax return. If penalties were not recognized when the position was initially taken, the expense shall be recognized in the period in which the entity's judgment about meeting the minimum statutory threshold changes. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:6235af4ec37db8131f3a979da29cf01b8b4c6bdb64317aafc1122f2b6b6eddf0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-30: 30 Initial Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#30-initial-measurement) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-30-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:aadd1f3a258ea8c4d901dfe6c8d59f4a462260add1a9e831ee8eaa685a3e3a4b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section provides guidance on the measurement of total income tax expense. While most of this guidance focuses on the initial measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities, including determining the appropriate tax rate to be used, the requirements for measuring current taxes payable or refundable are also established. This guidance also addresses the consideration and establishment of a [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") for deferred tax assets. Requirements for entities that issue separate financial statements and are part of a group that files a consolidated tax return are also established in this Section. #### Basic Requirements ##### [740-10-30-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:3b422aa4637dd0b51f6a21fa179acb313cf7038882df29124c35d3fbb62a1f08 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following basic requirements are applied to the measurement of current and deferred [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") at the date of the financial statements: 1. a The measurement of current and deferred tax liabilities and assets is based on provisions of the enacted tax law; the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated. 2. b The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by the amount of any tax benefits that, based on available evidence, are not expected to be realized. ##### [740-10-30-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:a704bec119cdf7534feb874ccf9b939326cd801abd92b35c8cc10b292c532ae0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Total income tax expense (or benefit) for the year is the sum of [deferred tax expense (or benefit)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-expense-or-benefit "The change during the year in an entity's deferred tax liabilities and assets. For deferred tax liabilities and assets acquired in a purchase business combination during the year, it is the change since the combination date. Income tax expense (or benefit) for the year is allocated among continuing operations, discontinued operations, and items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity.") and [income taxes currently payable or refundable](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes-currently-payable-refundable "See Current Tax Expense (or Benefit)."). ##### [740-10-30-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:03f997ceaecd1d38d6b1318e455b2f9ea6ad23bc8923fe010824cbf0c0effcac Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Deferred tax expense (or benefit) is the change during the year in an entity's deferred tax liabilities and assets. For deferred tax liabilities and assets recognized in a business combination or in an [acquisition by a not-for-profit entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-by-a-not-for-profit-entity "A transaction or other event in which a not-for-profit acquirer obtains control of one or more nonprofit activities or businesses and initially recognizes their assets and liabilities in the acquirer's financial statements. When applicable guidance in Topic 805 is applied by a not-for-profit entity, the term business combination has the same meaning as this term has for a for-profit entity. Likewise, a reference to business combinations in guidance that links to Topic 805 has the same meaning as a reference to acquisitions by not-for-profit entities.") during the year, it is the change since the [acquisition date](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-date "The date on which the acquirer obtains control of the acquiree."). For deferred tax liabilities and assets recognized by a [corporate joint venture](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#corporate-joint-venture "A corporation owned and operated by a small group of entities (the joint venturers) as a separate and specific business or project for the mutual benefit of the members of the group. A government may also be a member of the group. The purpose of a corporate joint venture frequently is to share risks and rewards in developing a new market, product or technology; to combine complementary technological knowledge; or to pool resources in developing production or other facilities. A corporate joint venture also usually provides an arrangement under which each joint venturer may participate, directly or indirectly, in the overall management of the joint venture. Joint venturers thus have an interest or relationship other than as passive investors. An entity that is a subsidiary of one of the joint venturers is not a corporate joint venture. The ownership of a corporate joint venture seldom changes, and its stock is usually not traded publicly. A noncontrolling interest held by public ownership, however, does not preclude a corporation from being a corporate joint venture.") upon formation, during the year that includes the [formation date](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#formation-date "The formation date of a joint venture is the date on which an entity initially meets the definition of a joint venture, which is not necessarily the legal entity formation date. The formation date is the measurement date for the formation transaction. If multiple arrangements are accounted for as a single transaction that establishes the formation of a joint venture, the formation date is the measurement date for all arrangements that form part of the single formation transaction."), it is the change since the formation date. Paragraph [830-740-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-45-1) addresses the manner of reporting the transaction gain or loss that is included in the net change in a deferred foreign tax liability or asset when the reporting currency is the functional currency. ##### [740-10-30-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:65f46863e02a089cb2bf19d78830e8c37b0f8e0df4b1c29ad65ec34acb71352d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Deferred taxes shall be determined separately for each tax-paying component (an individual entity or group of entities that is consolidated for tax purposes) in each tax jurisdiction. That determination includes the following procedures: 1. a Identify the types and amounts of existing temporary differences and the nature and amount of each type of operating loss and tax credit carryforward and the remaining length of the carryforward period. 2. b Measure the total [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") for taxable temporary differences using the applicable tax rate (see paragraph [740-10-30-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-8)). 3. c Measure the total [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") for deductible temporary differences and operating loss [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") using the applicable tax rate. 4. d Measure deferred tax assets for each type of tax credit carryforward. 5. e Reduce deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50 percent) that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance shall be sufficient to reduce the deferred tax asset to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. ##### [740-10-30-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:7f3fd620d03b74246e53b6ede8372b55899ed93a02d99885398a48c3bc120b32 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Income taxes payable or refundable (current tax expense \[or benefit\]) are determined under the recognition and measurement requirements for tax positions established in paragraph [740-10-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-2) for recognition and in this Section for measurement. ##### [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:91b2575a6de29fb0a59c8587f2c0a16b4eeadd8a7809011ca738382d5b85e3da Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A [tax position](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity.") that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold shall initially and subsequently be measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. Measurement of a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold shall consider the amounts and probabilities of the outcomes that could be realized upon settlement using the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. As used in this Subtopic, the term _reporting date_ refers to the date of the entity's most recent statement of financial position. For further explanation and illustration, see Examples 5 through 10 (paragraphs [740-10-55-99 through 55-116](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-99) ). #### Applicable Tax Rate Used to Measure Deferred Taxes ##### [740-10-30-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:1edc2b06b598f231a28d408403a7b9076aa4e89a850d2c8c275c91d04c18ab24 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-10-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-10-3) establishes that the objective is to measure a deferred tax liability or asset using the enacted tax rate(s) expected to apply to [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") in the periods in which the deferred tax liability or asset is expected to be settled or realized. Deferred taxes shall not be accounted for on a discounted basis. ##### [740-10-30-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:d9758f79fac933f7b7f54d928d9fdf9d07a1d471241dc3844a296f4890f91682 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Under tax law with a graduated tax rate structure, if taxable income exceeds a specified amount, all taxable income is taxed, in substance, at a single flat tax rate. That tax rate shall be used for measurement of a deferred tax liability or asset by entities for which graduated tax rates are not a significant factor. Entities for which graduated tax rates are a significant factor shall measure a deferred tax liability or asset using the average graduated tax rate applicable to the amount of estimated annual taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax liability or asset is estimated to be settled or realized. See Example 16 (paragraph [740-10-55-136](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-136)) for an illustration of the determination of the average graduated tax rate. Other provisions of enacted tax laws shall be considered when determining the tax rate to apply to certain types of temporary differences and carryforwards (for example, the tax law may provide for different tax rates on ordinary income and capital gains). If there is a phased-in change in tax rates, determination of the applicable tax rate requires knowledge about when deferred tax liabilities and assets will be settled and realized. ##### [740-10-30-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:e314654437ae579365977314c21a87d0f3ffd53a219e992cb1edd1b168b78905 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In the U.S. federal tax jurisdiction, the applicable tax rate is the regular tax rate, and a deferred tax asset is recognized for [alternative minimum tax](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#alternative-minimum-tax "A tax that results from the use of an alternate determination of a corporation's federal income tax liability under provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code.") credit carryforwards in accordance with the provisions of paragraph [740-10-30-5(d) through (e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-5). ##### [740-10-30-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:bf892134fe5db635dd1a4d5dc0ff1545a5abdeea339636e74f37d32df714fbc6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The objective established in paragraph [740-10-10-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-10-3) relating to enacted tax rate(s) expected to apply is not achieved through measurement of deferred taxes using the lower alternative minimum tax rate if an entity currently is an alternative minimum tax taxpayer and expects to always be an alternative minimum tax taxpayer. No one can predict whether an entity will always be an alternative minimum tax taxpayer. Furthermore, it would be counterintuitive if the addition of alternative minimum tax provisions to the tax law were to have the effect of reducing the amount of an entity's income tax expense for financial reporting, given that the provisions of alternative minimum tax may be either neutral or adverse but never beneficial to an entity. It also would be counterintuitive to assume that an entity would permit its alternative minimum tax credit carryforward to expire unused at the end of the life of the entity, which would have to occur if that entity was always an alternative minimum tax taxpayer. Use of the lower alternative minimum tax rate to measure an entity's deferred tax liability could result in understatement for either of the following reasons: 1. a It could be understated if the entity currently is an alternative minimum tax taxpayer because of temporary differences. Temporary differences reverse and, over the entire life of the entity, cumulative income will be taxed at regular tax rates. 2. b It could be understated if the entity currently is an alternative minimum tax taxpayer because of preference items but does not have enough alternative minimum tax credit carryforward to reduce its deferred tax liability from the amount of regular tax on regular tax temporary differences to the amount of [tentative minimum tax](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tentative-minimum-tax "An intermediate calculation used in the determination of a corporation's federal income tax liability under the alternative minimum tax system in the United States. See Alternative Minimum Tax.") on alternative minimum tax temporary differences. In those circumstances, measurement of the deferred tax liability using alternative minimum tax rates would anticipate the tax benefit of future special deductions, such as statutory depletion, which have not yet been earned. ##### [740-10-30-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:65d002c4db290b5277b018e316f9ff149d42c872da8c03835b5c60d000c9f6f7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If alternative tax systems exist in jurisdictions other than the U.S. federal jurisdiction, the applicable tax rate is determined in a manner consistent with the tax law after giving consideration to any interaction (that is, a mechanism similar to the U.S. alternative minimum tax credit) between the two systems. ##### [740-10-30-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:832b54e6b26fd240678f74d6637d96c09eccd4c2f61eeaf339b1e9f4aeb3515d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As required by paragraph [740-10-25-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-37), the tax benefit of special deductions ordinarily is recognized no earlier than the year in which those special deductions are deductible on the tax return. However, some portion of the future tax effects of special deductions are implicitly recognized in determining the average graduated tax rate to be used for measuring deferred taxes when graduated tax rates are a significant factor and the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. In those circumstances, implicit recognition is unavoidable because those special deductions are one of the determinants of future taxable income and future taxable income determines the average graduated tax rate and sometimes determines the need for a valuation allowance. ##### [740-10-30-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:e218c77cdd2e98ec1f0fd1623c4c3019d4a8cf2035b1fb59ac6dba98bd2832ea Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-39](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-39) notes that certain foreign jurisdictions may tax corporate income at different rates depending on whether that income is distributed to shareholders. Paragraph [740-10-25-40](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-40) addresses recognition of future tax credits that will be realized when the previously taxed income is distributed. Under these circumstances, the entity shall measure the tax effects of temporary differences using the undistributed rate. ##### [740-10-30-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:ed39b6ab1121d2204509278fcee3c2951ba436deda855dbd5e26a934ca241e9d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As noted in paragraph [740-10-25-41](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-41), the accounting required in the consolidated financial statements of a parent that includes a foreign subsidiary that receives a tax credit for dividends paid may differ from the accounting required for the subsidiary. See that paragraph for the rates required to be used to measure deferred income taxes in such consolidated financial statements. #### Establishment of a Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets ##### [740-10-30-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:f11ba271d23d239ebda8522643bc5fba6ff9c8761f5eedd2f103e9eb6cb01b1b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As established in paragraph [740-10-30-2(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-2), there is a basic requirement to reduce the measurement of deferred tax assets not expected to be realized. An entity shall evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale debt securities in combination with the entity's other deferred tax assets. ##### [740-10-30-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:d82b45d0dc142c2428c714ac3335fdae44e0776332aa2e4caa94f98c98c4c67a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. All available evidence, both positive and negative, shall be considered to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is needed. Information about an entity's current financial position and its results of operations for the current and preceding years ordinarily is readily available. That historical information is supplemented by all currently available information about future years. Sometimes, however, historical information may not be available (for example, start-up operations) or it may not be as relevant (for example, if there has been a significant, recent change in circumstances) and special attention is required. ##### [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:ea1530934263e573fc44cef5caa6531d1df4837a14b7c6a84d4bc76b93039a14 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Future realization of the tax benefit of an existing [deductible temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deductible-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. See Temporary Difference.") or carryforward ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character (for example, ordinary income or capital gain) within the carryback, carryforward period available under the tax law. The following four possible sources of taxable income may be available under the tax law to realize a tax benefit for deductible temporary differences and carryforwards: 1. a Future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences 2. b Future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards 3. c Taxable income in prior carryback year(s) if carryback is permitted under the tax law 4. d Tax-planning strategies (see paragraph [740-10-30-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-19)) that would, if necessary, be implemented to, for example: 1. 1 Accelerate taxable amounts to utilize expiring carryforwards 2. 2 Change the character of taxable or deductible amounts from ordinary income or loss to capital gain or loss 3. 3 Switch from tax-exempt to taxable investments. Evidence available about each of those possible sources of taxable income will vary for different tax jurisdictions and, possibly, from year to year. To the extent evidence about one or more sources of taxable income is sufficient to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not necessary, other sources need not be considered. Consideration of each source is required, however, to determine the amount of the valuation allowance that is recognized for deferred tax assets. ##### [740-10-30-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-19) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:6e1750954746b7a14e94831c19c78f256a0c2786294f53d335128882785167c7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In some circumstances, there are actions (including elections for tax purposes) that: 1. a Are prudent and feasible 2. b An entity ordinarily might not take, but would take to prevent an operating loss or tax credit carryforward from expiring unused 3. c Would result in realization of deferred tax assets. This Subtopic refers to those actions as tax-planning strategies. An entity shall consider tax-planning strategies in determining the amount of valuation allowance required. Significant expenses to implement a [tax-planning strategy](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-planning-strategy "An action (including elections for tax purposes) that meets certain criteria (see paragraph 740-10-30-19) and that would be implemented to realize a tax benefit for an operating loss or tax credit carryforward before it expires. Tax-planning strategies are considered when assessing the need for and amount of a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.") or any significant losses that would be recognized if that strategy were implemented (net of any recognizable tax benefits associated with those expenses or losses) shall be included in the valuation allowance. See paragraphs [740-10-55-39 through 55-48](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-39) for additional guidance. Implementation of the tax-planning strategy shall be primarily within the control of management but need not be within the unilateral control of management. ##### [740-10-30-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-20) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:1134b1440e3975b86c515f6fe5cecac3fbf448d00969c39e6a1fff8133a75fb1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. When a tax-planning strategy is contemplated as a source of future taxable income to support the realizability of a deferred tax asset, the recognition and measurement requirements for tax positions in paragraphs [740-10-25-6 through 25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) ; [740-10-25-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-13); and [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) shall be applied in determining the amount of available future taxable income. ##### [740-10-30-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-21) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:cfed79f235adfd9011634e03d9249047bf5f8449324f542e5f3153e84d9601f6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Forming a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed is difficult when there is negative evidence such as cumulative losses in recent years. Other examples of negative evidence include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. a A history of operating loss or tax credit carryforwards expiring unused 2. b Losses expected in early future years (by a presently profitable entity) 3. c Unsettled circumstances that, if unfavorably resolved, would adversely affect future operations and profit levels on a continuing basis in future years 4. d A carryback, carryforward period that is so brief it would limit realization of tax benefits if a significant deductible temporary difference is expected to reverse in a single year or the entity operates in a traditionally cyclical business. ##### [740-10-30-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-22) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:3fd9e001be32c32bba3f870376fd66584358e667ef7346e0e538400b0bae0c65 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Examples (not prerequisites) of positive evidence that might support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed when there is negative evidence include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. a Existing contracts or firm sales backlog that will produce more than enough taxable income to realize the deferred tax asset based on existing sales prices and cost structures 2. b An excess of appreciated asset value over the tax basis of the entity's net assets in an amount sufficient to realize the deferred tax asset 3. c A strong earnings history exclusive of the loss that created the future deductible amount (tax loss carryforward or deductible temporary difference) coupled with evidence indicating that the loss (for example, an unusual or infrequent item) is an aberration rather than a continuing condition. ##### [740-10-30-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-23) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:3da825b4a995aa696761caad1293ceb71e084a4aea69940252e67d147fa13b86 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall use judgment in considering the relative impact of negative and positive evidence. The weight given to the potential effect of negative and positive evidence shall be commensurate with the extent to which it can be objectively verified. The more negative evidence that exists, the more positive evidence is necessary and the more difficult it is to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed for some portion or all of the deferred tax asset. A cumulative loss in recent years is a significant piece of negative evidence that is difficult to overcome. ##### [740-10-30-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-24) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:7ea581d91008022c8f4dcefd52b758db0300a99a0dffb6d28fc34b20ed8b83fb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Future realization of a tax benefit sometimes will be expected for a portion but not all of a deferred tax asset, and the dividing line between the two portions may be unclear. In those circumstances, application of judgment based on a careful assessment of all available evidence is required to determine the portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not a tax benefit will not be realized. ##### [740-10-30-25](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-25) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:345e055f205b66141263944a759fc144543d2ee9f8aba27bb203c7e4e5306169 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraphs [740-10-55-34 through 55-38](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-34) for additional guidance related to [carrybacks](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carrybacks "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried back to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a prior year. An operating loss carryback is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryback is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried back and the length of the carryback period.") and carryforwards. #### Tax Rates Applicable to Items Not Included in Income from Continuing Operations ##### [740-10-30-26](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-26) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:9c8e5106b08758ba15c1b30dfa99717e906ca300a10cfdce7dcd7ae02f295b0c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The reported tax effect of items not included in income from continuing operations (for example, discontinued operations, cumulative effects of changes in accounting principles, and items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity) that arose during the current fiscal year and before the date of enactment of tax legislation shall be measured based on the enacted rate at the time the transaction was recognized for financial reporting purposes. #### Allocation of Consolidated Tax Expense to Separate Financial Statements of Members ##### [740-10-30-27](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-27) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:7f763edcee98eca51f3b9b090271c5a3c80ea2e4dc2151577aa4045f42e7c4bb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The consolidated amount of current and deferred tax expense for a group that files a consolidated tax return shall be allocated among the members of the group when those members issue separate financial statements. This Subtopic does not require a single allocation method. The method adopted, however, shall be systematic, rational, and consistent with the broad principles established by this Subtopic. A method that allocates current and deferred taxes to members of the group by applying this Topic to each member as if it were a separate taxpayer meets those criteria. In that situation, the sum of the amounts allocated to individual members of the group may not equal the consolidated amount. That may also be the result when there are intra-entity transactions between members of the group. The criteria are satisfied, nevertheless, after giving effect to the type of adjustments (including eliminations) normally present in preparing consolidated financial statements. ##### [740-10-30-27A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-27A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:9e2fef2bd9d7e971c9c647983eb086437ddd39a14d95340f96cd96ab162c3082 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity is not required to allocate the consolidated amount of current and deferred tax expense to legal entities that are not subject to tax. However, an entity may elect to allocate the consolidated amount of current and deferred tax expense to legal entities that are both not subject to tax and disregarded by the taxing authority (for example, disregarded entities such as single-member limited liability companies). The election is not required for all members of a group that files a consolidated tax return; that is, the election may be made for individual members of the group that files a consolidated tax return. An entity shall not make the election to allocate the consolidated amount of current and deferred tax expense for legal entities that are partnerships or are other pass-through entities that are not wholly owned. ##### [740-10-30-28](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-28) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:68bb3941982ecc042f9f510fa8505357c39bedd3446e3684afa13a689e07ee68 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Examples of methods that are not consistent with the broad principles established by this Subtopic include the following: 1. a A method that allocates only current taxes payable to a member of the group that has taxable temporary differences 2. b A method that allocates deferred taxes to a member of the group using a method fundamentally different from the asset and liability method described in this Subtopic (for example, the deferred method that was used before 1989) 3. c A method that allocates no current or deferred tax expense to a member of the group that has taxable income because the consolidated group has no current or deferred tax expense. #### Interest and Penalties on Unrecognized Tax Benefits ##### [740-10-30-29](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-29) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:7e1a417bdb7a06449aa6e7a1d898f1ab3a63433555504a1e65b76b88bcae261b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-56](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-56) establishes the requirements under which an entity shall accrue interest on an underpayment of income taxes. The amount of interest expense to be recognized shall be computed by applying the applicable statutory rate of interest to the difference between the tax position recognized in accordance with the requirements of this Subtopic for tax positions and the amount previously taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ##### [740-10-30-30](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-30) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:27.833Z Record version: sha256:266215de7b10e648d4526dfcf5305646231c467b5ca27a061c47cea0d5dcee32 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-57](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-57) establishes both when an entity shall record an expense for penalties attributable to certain tax positions as well as the amount. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z Record version: sha256:b5c08236ca177d51fdac885c00621d05c4dee7f13081b0da9d81e3ab6aeba374 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-35: 35 Subsequent Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#35-subsequent-measurement) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-35-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z Record version: sha256:94cb44c2bb15f595ee214840933c20e546fbf411e421f8c247aba12c58883f8b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Section 740-10-30 addresses initial measurement of current and deferred income tax accounts. This Section addresses the accounting for certain changes subsequent to initial measurement. The guidance in this Section is incremental to the guidance for initial measurement. #### New Information Affecting Measurement of Tax Positions ##### [740-10-35-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z Record version: sha256:79b7b2e02dd8f156a354e1e169600f987682bcbf9be22fe719ede0ab9d7ac3e0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Subsequent measurement of a [tax position](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity.") meeting the recognition requirements of paragraph [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) shall be based on management's best judgment given the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. Paragraph [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) explains that the reporting date is the date of the entity's most recent statement of financial position. A tax position need not be legally extinguished and its resolution need not be certain to subsequently measure the position. Subsequent changes in judgment that lead to changes in measurement shall result from the evaluation of new information and not from a new evaluation or new interpretation by management of information that was available in a previous financial reporting period. ##### [740-10-35-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z Record version: sha256:af888944170d5ff8641f5960982aa67162b3a57c67b43af835e568ebe2b349d8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-15) requires that a change in judgment that results in a change in measurement of a tax position taken in a prior annual period (including any related interest and penalties) shall be recognized as a discrete item in the period in which the change occurs. Paragraph [740-270-35-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/740/#270-740-35-6) addresses the different accounting required for such changes in a prior interim period within the same fiscal year. #### Changes in Tax Laws or Rates ##### [740-10-35-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z Record version: sha256:98866829f2ee42d570cfe32c8640a3f8f82ec291708bcd2380918dd0f5d1bbb0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Deferred tax liabilities and assets shall be adjusted for the effect of a change in tax laws or rates. A change in tax laws or rates may also require a reevaluation of a [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") for deferred tax assets. #### Deferred Credit Arising from Asset Acquisitions that Are Not Business Combinations ##### [740-10-35-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:31.672Z Record version: sha256:674fcc9b09fcfdf650c5a77af91cb8114316d4536e069f14ff4aefcc10744b25 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A deferred credit may arise under the accounting required by paragraph [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51) when an asset is acquired outside of a business combination. Any deferred credit arising from the application of such accounting requirements shall be amortized to income tax expense in proportion to the realization of the tax benefits that gave rise to the deferred credit. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z Record version: sha256:452bc1fbac61209049cedd37bc2907e67b6b5f0f828fb45eec97930642cd76f5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-40: 40 Derecognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#40-derecognition) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-40-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z Record version: sha256:ef6540ef9191515f058e90b6aefb3b5066d002209d6b0d889d3e048b183b7cd0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Section 740-10-25 addresses recognition of current and deferred income tax accounts, including accrued interest and penalties. The guidance in this Section addresses certain subsequent events that result in derecognizing previously recognized amounts and is incremental to the guidance for recognition. #### Tax Position No Longer Meets Recognition Criterion ##### [740-10-40-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z Record version: sha256:667fb0c32e900c00c1a3c7e46ff0768bb37fcae5af9692de9781d29b0837cd86 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall derecognize a previously recognized [tax position](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity.") in the first period in which it is no longer more likely than not that the tax position would be sustained upon examination. Use of a [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") is not a permitted substitute for derecognizing the benefit of a tax position when the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is no longer met. Derecognition shall be based on management's best judgment given the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. Paragraph [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) explains that the reporting date is the date of the entity's most recent statement of financial position. Subsequent changes in judgment that lead to derecognition shall result from the evaluation of new information and not from a new evaluation or new interpretation by management of information that was available in a previous financial reporting period. ##### [740-10-40-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z Record version: sha256:d9680943d38eba1c70aceca52f8b863f281d551e4305b4cef7a8c3f1bc008a72 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If an entity that had previously considered a tax position effectively settled becomes aware that the taxing authority may examine or reexamine the tax position or intends to appeal or litigate any aspect of the tax position, the tax position is no longer considered effectively settled and the entity shall reevaluate the tax position in accordance with the requirements of this Subtopic for tax positions. ##### [740-10-40-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z Record version: sha256:57ea5274608937f3f76d51d6320496ad9431500bb580cfc40a9ff4d1a9448cf6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-15) requires that a change in judgment that results in derecognition of a tax position taken in a prior annual period (including any related interest and penalties) shall be recognized as a discrete item in the period in which the change occurs. Paragraph [740-270-35-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/270/740/#270-740-35-6) addresses the different accounting required for such changes in a prior interim period within the same fiscal year. #### Accrued Interest and Penalties Related to Tax Positions Subsequently Meeting the Recognition Criteria ##### [740-10-40-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z Record version: sha256:074a715b9aa562e997ccfd9f6cf1ac38b74f2526c2b63b3813aef5410e1181a0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A tax position that did not meet the recognition requirements of paragraph [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) may have resulted in the accrual of interest and penalties under the requirements of paragraphs [740-10-25-56 through 25-57](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-56) . Previously recognized interest and penalties associated with tax positions that subsequently meet one of the conditions in paragraph [740-10-25-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-8) shall be derecognized in the period that condition is met. #### Cessation of an Entity's Taxable Status ##### [740-10-40-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:35.663Z Record version: sha256:d054d20adec2e77fe796090596d14c07c9c9749b2274abd2222974b1105c731c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") or [asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") shall be eliminated at the date an entity ceases to be a taxable entity. As indicated in paragraph [740-10-25-33](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-33), the effect of an election for a voluntary change in tax status is recognized on the approval date or on the filing date if approval is not necessary and a change in tax status that results from a change in tax law is recognized on the enactment date. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:78a7d8d3f171c2a931caaafdd6be7e6cadd042d41de006031587a63260e74847 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:4070dd1c0af19d0a965dae4c16116e7a7cfcee00545067aac30cf418e5a12671 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section provides guidance on statement of financial position, income statement and statement of shareholder equity classification, and presentation matters applicable to all the following: 1. a Statement of financial position classification of income tax accounts 2. b Income statement presentation of certain measurement changes to income tax accounts 3. c Income statement classification of interest and penalties 4. d Presentation matters related to investment tax credits under the deferral method. 5. e Statement of shareholder equity reclassification of certain income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income. ##### [740-10-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:fedb1de50b0c3daf7dcb576ecfa5f4fe09045443e5a085613d151b68c7299aab Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Subtopic 740-20 for guidance on the intraperiod allocation of total income tax expense (or benefit). #### Statement of Financial Position Classification of Income Tax Accounts ##### [740-10-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:185223eef542c94750463df8c9d362f7609de8f1a51cc4842668f7212eced054 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Topic 210 provides general guidance for classification of accounts in statements of financial position. The following guidance addresses classification matters applicable to income tax accounts and is incremental to the general guidance. ##### [740-10-45-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:0251b74ca920d0d5e8741fffddf013b4c711f88a9e4613247624e3b130d87a69 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In a classified statement of financial position, an entity shall classify deferred tax liabilities and assets as noncurrent amounts. ##### [740-10-45-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:b7e60fc7bc38fc84ba284fc366ee9b05a71bf65b05299e1a5903c1c46cb79ae9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-45-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:3ca8704c31086459a2e2c1ed8f4c018a2b56c674c69c8d9b6f0b992966151390 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For a particular tax-paying component of an entity and within a particular tax jurisdiction, all deferred tax liabilities and assets, as well as any related [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized."), shall be offset and presented as a single noncurrent amount. However, an entity shall not offset deferred tax liabilities and assets attributable to different tax-paying components of the entity or to different tax jurisdictions. ##### [740-10-45-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:c0166785856544b374b68d7a44234a026536f4b65bf5f620873f25b6d822d191 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-45-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:bf1704138d0ff2889b469145886d19a38bc2b73386b683819296715fd5d73f86 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-45-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:27d3da4950318d2357665deb231477a526f681379d4591fc258b05993437d29f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-45-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:7701701f36fb493ffc0fffcb9870535cba5d31610f7f2571248389fdf173e978 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-45-10A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-10A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:730c6ab86dc62d6faa84b244c1f8fece3aaf667b471fbb08727856ae2d5f6209 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Except as indicated in paragraphs [740-10-45-10B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-10B) and [740-10-45-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-12), an [unrecognized tax benefit](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/u/#unrecognized-tax-benefit "The difference between a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefit recognized and measured pursuant to Subtopic 740-10."), or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, shall be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward. ##### [740-10-45-10B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-10B) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:ca7445fb7f04416aade46e0547b73f70acf4dc4324c5ddfc69149fce3935909a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. To the extent a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction to settle any additional income taxes that would result from the disallowance of a tax position or the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction does not require the entity to use, and the entity does not intend to use, the deferred tax asset for such purpose, the unrecognized tax benefit shall be presented in the financial statements as a liability and shall not be combined with deferred tax assets. The assessment of whether a deferred tax asset is available is based on the unrecognized tax benefit and deferred tax asset that exist at the reporting date and shall be made presuming disallowance of the tax position at the reporting date. ##### [740-10-45-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:e7ef935d230763c9ca5f1c62f12e487dead8007ff12e4fb982b8d45f8c375da0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that presents a classified statement of financial position shall classify an unrecognized tax benefit that is presented as a liability in accordance with paragraphs [740-10-45-10A through 45-10B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-10A) as a current liability to the extent the entity anticipates payment (or receipt) of cash within one year or the operating cycle, if longer. ##### [740-10-45-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:3feed40aa80807e10ce773e084fd73080416ec568b0f63d6c4242810b08eed26 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An unrecognized tax benefit presented as a liability shall not be classified as a deferred tax liability unless it arises from a [taxable temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in taxable amounts in future years when the related asset is recovered or the related liability is settled. See Temporary Difference."). Paragraph [740-10-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-17) explains how the recognition and measurement of a [tax position](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity.") may affect the calculation of a temporary difference. ##### [740-10-45-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:a780f56361f2f3247c54debb59647902af683f4d6c7f546d35b8ab9d0a5cb06a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The offset of cash or other assets against the tax liability or other amounts owing to governmental bodies is not acceptable except as noted in paragraphs [210-20-45-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/210/20/#210-20-45-6) and [740-10-45-10A through 45-10B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-10A) . #### Income Statement Presentation of Certain Measurement Changes to Income Tax Accounts ##### [740-10-45-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:9d6ac6464a508a074044e68f39a5c37b97b88a7238412261b2de00c82440f6fc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance addresses the presentation on the income statement of the effect of changes in deferred tax accounts caused by the following types of changes: 1. a Changes in tax laws or rates 2. b Changes in the tax status of an entity 3. c Changes that impact the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets 4. d Changes related to assets acquired outside of a business combination. ##### [740-10-45-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:be1087132aaf8f96b9e097000595bc2cd3dd22620ce5b7f7424b33f1775cc5b7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. When deferred tax accounts are adjusted as required by paragraph [740-10-35-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-4) for the effect of a change in tax laws or rates, the effect shall be included in income from continuing operations for the period that includes the enactment date. ##### [740-10-45-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:d8d7feb8034d383fdeee0e0d1a865ae64f02285852e552d36c06252f15624536 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-48](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-48) provides the recognition guidance when a tax law retroactively changes tax rates. In such cases, the cumulative tax effect is included in income from continuing operations. ##### [740-10-45-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:87568ee7e0d1523257e070a6ff0092e2ef6cba0728ffbda222a2294648644df3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-30-26](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-26) provides the measurement guidance for a change in tax rates on items not included in income from continuing operations that arose during the current fiscal year and prior to the date of enactment. In such cases, the tax effect of a retroactive change in enacted tax rates on current or deferred tax assets and liabilities related to those items is included in income from continuing operations in the period of enactment. ##### [740-10-45-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:b03f0f41b99d5ede4a5d6c807f896bd0798d21fcdba0a86bb0c33f1e420ed053 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-47](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-47) requires that the effect of a change in tax laws or rates be recognized at the date of enactment. Accordingly, if an entity were adopting a new accounting standard as of a date prior to the enactment date, the effect of the change in tax laws or rates would not be recognized in the cumulative effect of adopting the standard, but would be recognized in income from continuing operations for the period that includes the enactment date. This would be true regardless of whether the change was retroactive to the earlier date. ##### [740-10-45-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-19) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:f42cc5269c18dd9a730203c1b3572aacecad73b6b536637c3155a858c768fae0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. When deferred tax accounts are recognized or derecognized as required by paragraphs [740-10-25-32](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-32) and [740-10-40-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-6) due to a change in tax status, the effect of recognizing or derecognizing the deferred tax liability or asset shall be included in income from continuing operations. ##### [740-10-45-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-20) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:e0ef1a6687bd784b8faef94748a3fd430fa1bb1e684ade946ee54d3d6136de27 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The effect of a change in the beginning-of-the-year balance of a valuation allowance that results from a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") in future years ordinarily shall be included in income from continuing operations. The only exceptions are changes to valuation allowances of certain tax benefits that are adjusted within the measurement period as required by paragraph [805-740-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-2) related to business combinations and the initial recognition (that is, by elimination of the valuation allowances) of tax benefits related to the items specified in paragraph [740-20-45-11(c) through (f)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-11). The effect of other changes in the balance of a valuation allowance are allocated among continuing operations and items other than continuing operations as required by paragraphs [740-20-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-2) and [740-20-45-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-8). ##### [740-10-45-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-21) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:54c008f7d46e3a5f0ce785dc3b1f17705d56f5dc0106677270d38a7c692f7eb3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Changes in valuation allowances due to changed expectations about the realization of deferred tax assets caused by transactions among or with shareholders shall be included in the income statement. A write-off of a preexisting deferred tax asset that an entity can no longer realize as a result of a transaction among or with its shareholders shall similarly be charged to the income statement. The same net effect results from eliminating a deferred tax asset and increasing a valuation allowance to 100 percent of the amount of the related deferred tax asset. ##### [740-10-45-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-22) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:ed85a920c7d6aa73b94d4ae2fb7d980466a55ef1b940baeaf461ffcf55151246 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51) addresses the accounting when an asset is acquired outside of a business combination and the tax basis of the asset differs from the amount paid and identifies related examples. In the [event](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#event "A happening of consequence to an entity. The term encompasses both transactions and other events affecting an entity.") that the accounting results in the recognition of a deferred tax asset and if, subsequent to the acquisition, it becomes more likely than not that some or all of the acquired deferred tax asset will not be realized, the effect of such adjustment shall be recognized in continuing operations as part of income tax expense. A proportionate share of any remaining unamortized deferred credit balance arising from the accounting required in that paragraph shall be recognized as an offset to income tax expense. The deferred credit shall not be classified as part of deferred tax liabilities or as an offset to deferred tax assets. ##### [740-10-45-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-23) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:e538ed785090576e7951457802985725a9996474aa21d85ec6deeda0d6548e0f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Income tax uncertainties that exist at the date of acquisition of the asset shall be accounted for in accordance with this Subtopic. ##### [740-10-45-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-24) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:630fa3d94e862e018f9ca283bd374d63104777bf5d173adc6bd21f0c24b26d51 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As indicated in paragraph [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51), subsequent accounting for an acquired valuation allowance (for example, the subsequent recognition of an acquired deferred tax asset by elimination of a valuation allowance established at the date of acquisition of the asset) would be in accordance with paragraphs [805-740-25-3 through 25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-3) and [805-740-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-2). #### Income Statement Classification of Interest and Penalties ##### [740-10-45-25](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-25) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:7df4228c6f69d1d8e65d1a7e7a7391b32e158027210be382d69a7955c2b114d0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Interest recognized in accordance with paragraph [740-10-25-56](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-56) may be classified in the financial statements as either [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") or interest expense, based on the accounting policy election of the entity. Penalties recognized in accordance with paragraph [740-10-25-57](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-57) may be classified in the financial statements as either income taxes or another expense classification, based on the accounting policy election of the entity. Those elections shall be consistently applied. #### Investment Tax Credits Under the Deferral Method ##### [740-10-45-26](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-26) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:8a6c0c6cecb48edad137faf4c0cafd4b7fe451b2215bd611c640c6e976ddc154 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-46) describes two acceptable methods for recognizing the benefit of investment tax credits. The following guidance addresses presentation matters related to one of those methods, the deferral method. ##### [740-10-45-27](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-27) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:ebcb344779a39f154d2c6a38a7351e47cfa68b324d030c4412bb58d029bf9341 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The reflection of the allowable credit as a reduction in the net amount at which the acquired property is stated (either directly or by inclusion in an offsetting account) may be preferable in many cases. However, it is equally appropriate to treat the credit as deferred income, provided it is amortized over the productive life of the acquired property. ##### [740-10-45-28](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-28) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:32ad43e0b93ff669c088398ea9d71b6967aea47dae0792e5805e348a46eb1701 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. It is preferable that the statement of income in the year in which the allowable investment credit arises should be affected only by the results which flow from the accounting for the credit set forth in paragraph [740-10-25-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-46). Nevertheless, reflection of income tax provisions, in the income statement, in the amount payable (that is, after deduction of the allowable investment credit) is appropriate provided that a corresponding charge is made to an appropriate cost or expense (for example, to the provision for depreciation) and the treatment is adequately disclosed in the financial statements of the first year of its adoption. #### Statement of Shareholder Equity Reclassification of Certain Income Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ##### [740-10-45-29](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-29) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:37.434Z Record version: sha256:285116225f6840553255587209c147e4e9521e4ea8a61ef51db23f36a149ad3e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [220-10-45-12A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/220/10/#220-10-45-12A) provides guidance on the reclassification of certain income tax effects of items within accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. That guidance results from H.R.1, An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Titles II and V of the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2018 (Tax Cuts and Jobs Act). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:52d0f01c55b5f1b11e9ef99c4bdc419c607ee2f5a47d1000d8093da89c991851 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:4e35367a99def8ef862959892b6bde01a912a7d691c1f371ba7cdb303107f7d2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section provides guidance on the financial statement disclosure requirements relating to [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") applicable to all entities. ##### [740-10-50-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-1A) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:cc780719e13cabff74c42e7095501216c0f2b67213a5d3df5727fbaa937770a2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) Nothing in this Subtopic is intended to discourage an entity from reporting additional information specific to its income tax rate reconciliation or income taxes paid to further an understanding of the entity and the related disclosures. #### Statement of Financial Position Related Disclosures ##### [740-10-50-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:28867819531fbe3d10e5aa45f240094e52456ed713ba24c5a5e9493c852de255 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The components of the net [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") or [asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") recognized in an entity's statement of financial position shall be disclosed as follows: 1. a The total of all deferred tax liabilities measured in paragraph [740-10-30-5(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-5) 2. b The total of all deferred tax assets measured in paragraph [740-10-30-5(c) through (d)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-5) 3. c The total [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") recognized for deferred tax assets determined in paragraph [740-10-30-5(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-5). The net change during the year in the total valuation allowance also shall be disclosed. ##### [740-10-50-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:7a065fa37e10c8085b16f97d11f5a39dda8ee75c6cc2dfb512555df26a638564 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall disclose both of the following: 1. a The amounts and expiration dates of operating loss and tax credit [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") for tax purposes 2. b Any portion of the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets for which subsequently recognized tax benefits will be credited directly to contributed capital (see paragraph [740-20-45-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-11)). ##### [740-10-50-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:00e0527ed3558c08999afb480b571a1aa9b436ca4cfc3558acc6354a9f0570a4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In the [event](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#event "A happening of consequence to an entity. The term encompasses both transactions and other events affecting an entity.") that a change in an entity's tax status becomes effective after year-end in Year 2 but before the financial statements for Year 1 are issued or are available to be issued (as discussed in Section 855-10-25), the entity's financial statements for Year 1 shall disclose the change in the entity's tax status for Year 2 and the effects of that change, if material. ##### [740-10-50-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-5) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:0c172a22329ddbe2dcc51db00ae691ea2570ec50997c2e2b9ca5efc95fb579f8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity's [temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") and carryforward information requires additional disclosure. The additional disclosure differs for public and nonpublic entities. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) An entity's [temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") and carryforward information requires additional disclosure. The additional disclosure differs for [public business entities](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#public-entity "A business entity or a not-for-profit entity that meets any of the following conditions: It has issued debt or equity securities or is a conduit bond obligor for conduit debt securities that are traded in a public market (a domestic or foreign stock exchange or an over-the-counter market, including local or regional markets). It is required to file financial statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). It provides financial statements for the purpose of issuing any class of securities in a public market.") and entities other than public business entities. ##### [740-10-50-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-6) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:68c411d28fdff1794b703dba0bd59fb9ec1ba8c32c8d0d7d2a7f8ba09d783ff5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A [public entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#public-entity "An entity that meets any of the following criteria: Its debt or equity securities are traded in a public market, including those traded on a stock exchange or in the over-the-counter market (including securities quoted only locally or regionally). It is a conduit bond obligor for conduit debt securities that are traded in a public market (a domestic or foreign stock exchange or an over-the-counter market, including local or regional markets). Its financial statements are filed with a regulatory agency in preparation for the sale of any class of securities.") shall disclose the approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets (before allocation of valuation allowances). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)
Editor's Note: The content of paragraph 740-10-50-6 will be amended upon transition, together with a change in the heading noted below.
∙ > Public Business Entities
A [public business entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#public-business-entity "A public business entity is a business entity meeting any one of the criteria below. Neither a not-for-profit entity nor an employee benefit plan is a business entity. It is required by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to file or furnish financial statements, or does file or furnish financial statements (including voluntary filers), with the SEC (including other entities whose financial statements or financial information are required to be or are included in a filing). It is required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Act), as amended, or rules or regulations promulgated under the Act, to file or furnish financial statements with a regulatory agency other than the SEC. It is required to file or furnish financial statements with a foreign or domestic regulatory agency in preparation for the sale of or for purposes of issuing securities that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer. It has issued, or is a conduit bond obligor for, securities that are traded, listed, or quoted on an exchange or an over-the-counter market. It has one or more securities that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer, and it is required by law, contract, or regulation to prepare U.S. GAAP financial statements (including notes) and make them publicly available on a periodic basis (for example, interim or annual periods). An entity must meet both of these conditions to meet this criterion. An entity may meet the definition of a public business entity solely because its financial statements or financial information is included in another entity's filing with the SEC. In that case, the entity is only a public business entity for purposes of financial statements that are filed or furnished with the SEC.") shall disclose the approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets (before allocation of valuation allowances). ##### [740-10-50-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-7) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:d9ee942bd6e5d85ed4b17e7fff2deaf1d931ce2efa0f6f71aae26c40bba39a22 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-50-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-16) for disclosure requirements applicable to a public entity that is not subject to income taxes. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) See paragraph [740-10-50-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-16) for disclosure requirements applicable to a public business entity that is not subject to income taxes. ##### [740-10-50-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-8) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:5a7092710a73cd97f5413fb1324df24bf5f49a9ccadcab3a2b40144cd69129d2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A [nonpublic entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/n/#nonpublic-entity "An entity that does not meet any of the following criteria: Its debt or equity securities are traded in a public market, including those traded on a stock exchange or in the over-the-counter market (including securities quoted only locally or regionally). It is a conduit bond obligor for conduit debt securities that are traded in a public market (a domestic or foreign stock exchange or an over-the-counter market, including local or regional markets). Its financial statements are filed with a regulatory agency in preparation for the sale of any class of securities.") shall disclose the types of significant temporary differences and carryforwards but may omit disclosure of the tax effects of each type. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)
Editor's Note: The content of paragraph 740-10-50-8 will be amended upon transition, together with a change in the heading noted below.
∙ > Entities Other Than Public Business Entities
An entity other than a public business entity shall disclose the types of significant temporary differences and carryforwards but may omit disclosure of the tax effects of each type. #### Income Statement Related Disclosures ##### [740-10-50-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:2ffe798bfbb5df7a494846489c9ff575c2bc72735a72ea484b6785b396f826a0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The significant components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented shall be disclosed in the financial statements or notes thereto. Those components would include, for example: 1. a [Current tax expense (or benefit)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#current-tax-expense-or-benefit "The amount of income taxes paid or payable (or refundable) for a year as determined by applying the provisions of the enacted tax law to the taxable income or excess of deductions over revenues for that year.") 2. b [Deferred tax expense (or benefit)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-expense-or-benefit "The change during the year in an entity's deferred tax liabilities and assets. For deferred tax liabilities and assets acquired in a purchase business combination during the year, it is the change since the combination date. Income tax expense (or benefit) for the year is allocated among continuing operations, discontinued operations, and items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity.") (exclusive of the effects of other components listed below) 3. c Investment tax credits 4. d Government grants (to the extent recognized as a reduction of income tax expense) 5. e The benefits of operating loss carryforwards 6. f Tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits directly to contributed capital 7. g Adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity 8. h Adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balance of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") in future years. For example, any acquisition-date income tax benefits or expenses recognized from changes in the acquirer's valuation allowance for its previously existing deferred tax assets as a result of a business combination (see paragraph [805-740-30-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-30-3)). ##### [740-10-50-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:89a3b30cc5d7335136d9c032764bcee9cae51c1fce4d6468a11b52095effc366 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The amount of [income tax expense (or benefit)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-tax-expense-or-benefit "The sum of current tax expense (or benefit) and deferred tax expense (or benefit).") allocated to continuing operations and the amounts separately allocated to other items (in accordance with the intraperiod tax allocation provisions of paragraphs [740-20-45-2 through 45-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-2) and [852-740-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-45-3)) shall be disclosed for each year for which those items are presented. ##### [740-10-50-10A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-10A) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:250153c0c5e4d676c13ad13481bea5b64f3afa86d91829175ee1d513ae503efa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) Income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign shall be disclosed for each annual reporting period. ##### [740-10-50-10B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-10B) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:91c70054dba9e1a0410efbba99f4f544a67f8dafae4e05eb551a370ebea3c38a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) Income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign shall be disclosed for each annual reporting period. Income taxes on foreign earnings that are imposed by the jurisdiction of domicile shall be included in the amount for that jurisdiction of domicile (that is, the jurisdiction imposing the tax). #### Income Tax Expense Compared to Statutory Expectations ##### [740-10-50-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-11) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:717d1c3f988951cd9775b1a06ea67660ce909626b19cd0ecf087f57c6b1ab738 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The reported amount of income tax expense may differ from an expected amount based on statutory rates. The following guidance establishes the disclosure requirements for such situations and differs for public and nonpublic entities. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)
Editor's Note: The content of paragraph 740-10-50-11 will be amended upon transition, together with a change in the heading noted below.
> Rate Reconciliation between Income Tax Expense (or Benefit) and Statutory Expectations
The reported amount of income tax expense (or benefit) may differ from an expected amount based on statutory tax rates. The following guidance establishes the disclosure requirements for such situations and differs for public business entities and entities other than public business entities. ##### [740-10-50-11A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-11A) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:d608d4275b14f3d7cb9d48e9f942afa146dacf9f9c2c38e40266ad2dcfdef7f5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) The objective of these disclosure requirements is for an entity, particularly an entity operating in multiple jurisdictions, to disclose sufficient information to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature and magnitude of factors contributing to the difference between the effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate. ##### [740-10-50-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-12) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:91e8d1e45962d5d6df69980905ffffe2068fc83387a831d758eac4601e4002fc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A public entity shall disclose a reconciliation using percentages or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations. The statutory tax rates shall be the regular tax rates if there are alternative tax systems. The estimated amount and the nature of each significant reconciling item shall be disclosed. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)
Editor's Note: The content of paragraph 740-10-50-12 will be amended upon transition, together with a change in the heading noted below.
∙ > Public Business Entities
A public business entity shall disclose a reconciliation for each annual reporting period, in accordance with paragraphs [740-10-50-12A through 50-12C](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-12A) , between the amount of reported income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations and the amount computed by multiplying the income (or loss) from continuing operations before income taxes by the applicable statutory federal (national) income tax rate of the jurisdiction (country) of domicile. In circumstances in which a public business entity, as the parent entity, is not domiciled in the United States, the federal (national) income tax rate in that entity’s jurisdiction (country) of domicile shall normally be used in the reconciliation, and different rates shall not be used for subsidiaries or segments of the public business entity. When the rate used by a public business entity is other than the United States federal corporate income tax rate, the public business entity shall disclose the rate used and the basis for using that rate. The statutory tax rates shall be the regular tax rates if there are alternative tax systems. ##### [740-10-50-12A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-12A) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:0102211604fd24ac8df571ab893973aaa8b854e21b55a5c1bf5a068cd633b643 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) For each annual reporting period, a public business entity shall disclose a tabular reconciliation, using both percentages and reporting currency amounts, according to the following requirements: 1. a The following specific categories shall be disclosed: 1. 1 State and local income tax, net of federal (national) income tax effect 2. 2 Foreign tax effects 3. 3 Effect of changes in tax laws or rates enacted in the current period 4. 4 Effect of cross-border tax laws 5. 5 Tax credits 6. 6 Changes in valuation allowances 7. 7 Nontaxable or nondeductible items 8. 8 Changes in unrecognized tax benefits. 2. b Separate disclosure shall be required for any reconciling item listed below in which the effect of the reconciling item is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying the income (or loss) from continuing operations before income taxes by the applicable statutory federal (national) income tax rate of the jurisdiction (country) of domicile. When disaggregating the following reconciling items by nature, an entity should consider the reconciling item’s fundamental or essential characteristics, such as the event that caused the reconciling item and the activity with which the reconciling item is associated. Reconciling items shall be presented on a gross basis unless specific guidance in (c) permits net presentation with a related reconciling item. 1. 1 If the reconciling item is within the effect of cross-border tax laws, tax credits, or nontaxable or nondeductible items categories, it shall be disaggregated by nature. 2. 2 If the reconciling item is within the foreign tax effects category, it shall be disaggregated by jurisdiction (country) and by nature, except for reconciling items related to changes in unrecognized tax benefits discussed in (c). If a foreign jurisdiction meets the 5 percent threshold, it shall be separately disclosed as a reconciling item. Within any foreign jurisdiction (regardless of whether it meets the 5 percent threshold), the reconciling item shall be separately disclosed by nature if its gross amount (positive or negative) meets the 5 percent threshold. 3. 3 If the reconciling item is not within any of the categories listed in (a), it shall be disaggregated by nature. 3. c For the purpose of categorizing and presenting reconciling items: 1. 1 Except for reconciling items related to changes in unrecognized tax benefits discussed in (c)(2), the state and local income tax category reflects income taxes imposed at the state or local level within the jurisdiction (country) of domicile, the foreign tax effects category reflects income taxes imposed by foreign jurisdictions, and the remaining categories listed in (a) reflect federal (national) income taxes imposed by the jurisdiction (country) of domicile. 2. 2 For reconciling items related to changes in unrecognized tax benefits: 1. i Reconciling items resulting from changes in judgment related to tax positions taken in prior annual reporting periods (such as subsequent recognition, derecognition, and change in measurement of unrecognized tax benefits) are reflected in the changes in unrecognized tax benefits category. 2. ii When an unrecognized tax benefit is recorded in the current annual reporting period for a tax position taken or expected to be taken in the same reporting period, the unrecognized tax benefit and its related tax position may be presented on a net basis in the category where the tax position is presented. 3. iii Reconciling items presented in the changes in unrecognized tax benefits category may be disclosed on an aggregated basis for all jurisdictions. 3. 3 The effect of cross-border tax laws category reflects the effect of incremental income taxes imposed by the jurisdiction (country) of domicile on income earned in foreign jurisdictions. When the jurisdiction (country) of domicile taxes cross-border income but also provides a tax credit on the same income during the same reporting period, the tax effect of both the cross-border tax and its related tax credit may be presented on a net basis in the effect of cross-border tax laws category. For example, the tax effect related to the global intangible low-taxed income and its related foreign tax credits may be presented on a net basis as one reconciling item in the effect of cross-border tax laws category. 4. 4 The effect of changes in tax laws or rates enacted in the current period category reflects the cumulative tax effects of a change in enacted tax laws or rates on current or deferred tax assets and liabilities at the date of enactment. See paragraph [740-10-55-231](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-231) for an illustration of a tabular rate reconciliation disclosure. ##### [740-10-50-12B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-12B) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:5965d65e5ab25aa3dab32495fe37c5fc0f0c218390f8ee007e2b328b57ee6df5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) A public business entity shall provide a qualitative description of the states and local jurisdictions that make up the majority (greater than 50 percent) of the effect of the state and local income tax category. For the purpose of identifying the states and local jurisdictions that make up the majority of the effect, a public business entity shall begin with the state or local jurisdiction that has the largest effect and in descending order add states or local jurisdictions with the next largest effect until the aggregated effect is greater than 50 percent. ##### [740-10-50-12C](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-12C) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:d7e7abe26ea98a5391e514d63d0b05d090d48eb974d7f25bd78b4e65575e257f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) A public business entity shall provide an explanation, if not otherwise evident, of individual reconciling items required by paragraph [740-10-50-12A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-12A), such as the nature, effect, and underlying causes of the reconciling items and the judgment used in categorizing the reconciling items. ##### [740-10-50-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-13) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:cf906c226675d929f84ec58a0c696694019d9e2a7cc881140e2f1326a0e27b4b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A nonpublic entity shall disclose the nature of significant reconciling items but may omit a numerical reconciliation. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)
Editor's Note: The content of paragraph 740-10-50-13 will be amended upon transition, together with a change in the heading noted below.
∙ > Entities Other Than Public Business Entities
An entity other than a public business entity shall qualitatively disclose the nature and effect of specific categories of reconciling items listed in paragraph [740-10-50-12A(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-12A) and individual jurisdictions that result in a significant difference between the statutory tax rate and the effective tax rate, but a numerical reconciliation is not required. See paragraphs [740-10-55-232 through 55-233](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-232) for an illustration of a qualitative disclosure of rate reconciling items. ##### [740-10-50-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-14) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:851cedc36913e9288281fa6eb8881185421aed801eeabb6e6557a3edcfbefb84 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If not otherwise evident from the disclosures required by this Section, all entities shall disclose the nature and effect of any other significant matters affecting comparability of information for all periods presented. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) If not otherwise evident from the disclosures required by this Section, an entity shall disclose the nature and effect of any other significant matters affecting comparability of information for all periods presented. #### Unrecognized Tax Benefit Related Disclosures ##### [740-10-50-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-15) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:2c4fc2cf34d7382ef2e57d1b014bb04dd7d811893f81c89f88b75d51c2635209 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. All entities shall disclose all of the following at the end of each annual reporting period presented: 1. a [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-06](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2009-06/). 2. b [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-06](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2009-06/). 3. c The total amounts of interest and penalties recognized in the statement of operations and the total amounts of interest and penalties recognized in the statement of financial position 4. d For positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within 12 months of the reporting date: 1. 1 The nature of the uncertainty 2. 2 The nature of the event that could occur in the next 12 months that would cause the change 3. 3 An estimate of the range of the reasonably possible change or a statement that an estimate of the range cannot be made. 5. e A description of tax years that remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) An entity shall disclose the following at the end of each annual reporting period presented: 1. a [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-06](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2009-06/). 2. b [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-06](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2009-06/). 3. c The total amounts of interest and penalties recognized in the statement of operations and the total amounts of interest and penalties recognized in the statement of financial position 4. d [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2023-09/). 5. e A description of tax years that remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions. ##### [740-10-50-15A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-15A) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:07ebcfcaf749f808aeb4d0e1fbb17f32c9569b18f0fc5cddf2a728c1d74fb1bd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Public entities shall disclose both of the following at the end of each annual reporting period presented: 1. a A tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning and end of the period, which shall include at a minimum: 1. 1 The gross amounts of the increases and decreases in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during a prior period 2. 2 The gross amounts of increases and decreases in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during the current period 3. 3 The amounts of decreases in the unrecognized tax benefits relating to settlements with taxing authorities 4. 4 Reductions to unrecognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations. 2. b The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. See Example 30 (paragraph [740-10-55-217](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-217)) for an illustration of disclosures about uncertainty in income taxes. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) A public business entity shall disclose both of the following at the end of each annual reporting period presented: 1. a A tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning and end of the period, which shall include at a minimum: 1. 1 The gross amounts of the increases and decreases in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during a prior period 2. 2 The gross amounts of increases and decreases in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during the current period 3. 3 The amounts of decreases in the unrecognized tax benefits relating to settlements with taxing authorities 4. 4 Reductions to unrecognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations. 2. b The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. See Example 30 (paragraph [740-10-55-217](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-217)) for an illustration of disclosures about uncertainty in income taxes. #### Public Entities Not Subject to Income Taxes ##### [740-10-50-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-16) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:c82a1400440ad40af2bbab31fbc914903543f6c9132f3ed285ecdb02b82a5810 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A public entity that is not subject to income taxes because its income is taxed directly to its owners shall disclose that fact and the net difference between the tax bases and the reported amounts of the entity's assets and liabilities. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)
Editor's Note: The content of paragraph 740-10-50-16 will be amended upon transition, together with the change in the heading noted below.
> Public Business Entities Not Subject to Income Taxes
A public business entity that is not subject to income taxes because its income is taxed directly to its owners shall disclose that fact and the net difference between the tax bases and the reported amounts of the entity's assets and liabilities. #### Entities with Separately Issued Financial Statements That Are Members of a Consolidated Tax Return ##### [740-10-50-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:8ec8ea6b1d55890f8706d21d0b948c2f46f8c09e5bd433181519920a60d8737d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that is a member of a group that files a consolidated tax return shall disclose in its separately issued financial statements: 1. a The aggregate amount of current and deferred tax expense for each statement of earnings presented and the amount of any tax-related balances due to or from affiliates as of the date of each statement of financial position presented 2. b The principal provisions of the method by which the consolidated amount of current and deferred tax expense is allocated to members of the group and the nature and effect of any changes in that method (and in determining related balances to or from affiliates) during the years for which the above disclosures are presented. ##### [740-10-50-17A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-17A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:133b032b79f856a97e9cc6849728a24d566f56a3a5af2cad0867430988051d80 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that is both not subject to tax and disregarded by the taxing authority that elects to include the allocated amount of current and deferred tax expense in its separately issued financial statements in accordance with paragraph [740-10-30-27A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-27A) shall disclose that fact and provide the disclosures required by paragraph [740-10-50-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-17). #### Policy Related Disclosures ##### [740-10-50-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:bcc827b9d9bfed830d1edc0b95b3cd40f6b74810266504c7655e5fdb42b76d3f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Acceptable alternative policy choices available to an entity require disclosure as follows in paragraphs [740-10-50-19 through 50-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-19) . ##### [740-10-50-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-19) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:3441e165148d5facbd0d07c6885968914b7f36f42197e602eabd5ca907dd742b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity shall disclose its policy on classification of interest and penalties in accordance with the alternatives permitted in paragraph [740-10-45-25](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-25) in the notes to the financial statements. ##### [740-10-50-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-20) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:e6d7e2c52c24c9c3441ca6987c69c64874e6366fd892d1ccde656473d7795b23 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-46) identifies the deferral method and the flow-through method as acceptable methods of accounting for investment tax credits. Whichever method of accounting for the investment credit is adopted, it is essential that full disclosure be made of the method followed and amounts involved, when material. #### Other Disclosures ##### [740-10-50-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-21) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:6659248c2c7a73de6eededabe4302d7864361ec3dd94653056e2033f820b6d7d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In addition to disclosures required by this Subtopic, disclosures regarding estimates meeting certain criteria are established in paragraph [275-10-50-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/275/10/#275-10-50-8) for nongovernmental entities. See Example 31 (paragraph [740-10-55-218](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-218)) for an illustration of disclosure relating to the realizability of a deferred tax asset under the requirements of Topic 275. #### Statement of Cash Flows Related Disclosures ##### [740-10-50-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-22) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:a6998a926a0afcff983f1ffb23e5ddc2df879740163ef7f4a74cb0a3ac542e08 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) For each annual reporting period, all entities shall disclose the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign. ##### [740-10-50-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-23) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:39.724Z Record version: sha256:937fda9e6acbf4fa97277f692eb4d56fef615bb09b21aa9eac8b04a465cf0db9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) For each annual reporting period, all entities shall disclose the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) to each individual jurisdiction in which income taxes paid (net of refunds received) is equal to or greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:aed1495752b37f33d76b8f959ef4ec7df9c71ce0e55a8555370157290da77a89 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-55: 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:14f438ead95ac633ebdd4ded7e0d0b48f7d5916fb25588760e388a28e993d61e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section is an integral part of the requirements of this Subtopic. This Section provides additional guidance and illustrations that address the application of accounting requirements to specific aspects of accounting for [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income."), including disclosures. The guidance and illustrations that follow, unless stated otherwise, assume that the tax law requires offsetting net deductions in a particular year against net taxable amounts in the 3 preceding years and then in the 15 succeeding years. These assumptions about the tax law are for illustrative purposes only. This Subtopic requires that the enacted tax law for a particular tax jurisdiction be used for recognition and measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets. #### Implementation Guidance ##### [740-10-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:05166722d5af5a9dd1b4e4434d59e5996ee7d1f8ef79319c1586b71893b0c11f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance is organized as follows: 1. a Application of accounting requirements for income taxes to specific situations 2. b [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). 3. c Income tax related disclosures. ##### [740-10-55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f81b6a267018314642f06fc355410f33c54e01cc57e536a975095c722651b50e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The application of the requirements of this Subtopic related to tax positions requires a two-step process that separates recognition from measurement. The first step is determining whether a [tax position](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity.") has met the recognition threshold; the second step is measuring a tax position that meets the recognition threshold. The recognition threshold is met when the taxpayer (the reporting entity) concludes that, consistent with paragraphs [740-10-25-6 through 25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) and [740-10-25-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-13), it is more likely than not that the taxpayer will sustain the benefit taken or expected to be taken in the tax return in a dispute with taxing authorities if the taxpayer takes the dispute to the court of last resort. ##### [740-10-55-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:cfcc50eee86ad66b9ef4901af3c003181e727f43f57c9c9ebb3cc626b643706c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Relatively few disputes are resolved through litigation, and very few are taken to the court of last resort. Generally, the taxpayer and the taxing authority negotiate a settlement to avoid the costs and hazards of litigation. As a result, the measurement of the tax position is based on management's best judgment of the amount the taxpayer would ultimately accept in a settlement with taxing authorities. ##### [740-10-55-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:cdb55b6aee7fc5373f8e21b5da41b9fe6cab791f9ff86d306011ee1cbb2bdc87 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The recognition and measurement requirements of this Subtopic related to tax positions require that the entity recognize the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement. ##### [740-10-55-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e1438bbe4113f0c59f1ca73e039a05de8f3685b6f0f46d81b2e8effb8fcac145 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Examples 1 through 12 (paragraphs [740-10-55-81 through 55-123](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-81) ) for illustrations of this guidance. ##### [740-10-55-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:4dff267f2d13883a73272042abd4fa391e7d296512eb90d68f822801aec280db Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Subject to certain specific exceptions identified in paragraph [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3), a [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") is recognized for all taxable temporary differences, and a [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") is recognized for all deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year."). A [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") is recognized if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. See Example 12 (paragraph [740-10-55-120](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-120)) for an illustration of this guidance. ##### [740-10-55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f21952d4d20d1c39fb4517294a37f03b14d61e05ac205e7564a3e3d170fa0fcd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. To the extent that evidence about one or more sources of [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") is sufficient to eliminate any need for a valuation allowance, other sources need not be considered. Detailed forecasts, projections, or other types of analyses are unnecessary if expected future taxable income is more than sufficient to realize a tax benefit. ##### [740-10-55-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:26ecc69383d7830b2c9e7f9270d31eb50043af31d0bc8d87889ac32d6f89ece0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The terms _forecast_ and _projection_ refer to any process by which available evidence is accumulated and evaluated for purposes of estimating whether future taxable income will be sufficient to realize a deferred tax asset. Judgment is necessary to determine how detailed or formalized that evaluation process should be. Furthermore, information about expected future taxable income is necessary only to the extent positive evidence available from other sources (see paragraph [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18)) is not sufficient to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed. The requirements of this Subtopic do not require either a financial forecast or a financial projection within the meaning of those terms in the Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements and Related Attest Engagements Interpretations \[AT\], AT section 301, _Financial Forecasts and Projections_ issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. ##### [740-10-55-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:67cf0bff28ce21bf9f0becabd71f831cb0769b6b628f2184510bfa329c2989ab Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Example 12 (paragraph [740-10-55-120](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-120)) for an illustration of a situation where detailed analyses are not necessary. ##### [740-10-55-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2650927945fdc283aecdbe05b4fce0e88dead51364b884f9e74ec647a9485db2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Example 13 (paragraph [740-10-55-124](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-124)) for an illustration of determining a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. ##### [740-10-55-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e6c9b332250977d9f5859c9089039384f18bff787953945032cfcb8fdb396a23 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax law determines whether future reversals of temporary differences will result in taxable and deductible amounts that offset each other in future years. The tax law also determines the extent to which deductible temporary differences and carryforwards will offset the [tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-consequences "The effects on income taxes—current or deferred—of an event.") of income that is expected to be earned in future years. For example, the tax law may provide that capital losses are deductible only to the extent of capital gains. In that case, a tax benefit is not recognized for temporary differences that will result in future deductions in the form of capital losses unless those deductions will offset any of the following: 1. a Other existing temporary differences that will result in future capital gains 2. b Capital gains that are expected to occur in future years 3. c Capital gains of the current year or prior years if carryback (of those capital loss deductions from the future reversal years) is expected. ##### [740-10-55-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:25d3731c9a7b9c73739360b2bb288f821bfa65303482f87064b4053a82901c68 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The particular years in which temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts generally are determined by the timing of the recovery of the related asset or settlement of the related liability. However, there are exceptions to that general rule. For example, a [temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") between the tax basis and the reported amount of inventory for which cost is determined on a last-in, first-out (LIFO) basis does not reverse when present inventory is sold in future years if it is replaced by purchases or production of inventory in those same future years. A LIFO inventory temporary difference becomes taxable or deductible in the future year that inventory is liquidated and not replaced. ##### [740-10-55-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:cf8443ab09f7cb342c5be6bc10b697ab6d778e70aa56a50d77318daf95feff56 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For some assets or liabilities, temporary differences may accumulate over several years and then reverse over several years. That pattern is common for depreciable assets. Future originating differences for existing depreciable assets and their subsequent reversals are a factor to be considered when assessing the likelihood of future taxable income (see paragraph [740-10-30-18(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18)) for realization of a tax benefit for existing deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. ##### [740-10-55-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1635d17e7840278866f877620cea2ae3679a17b23b9774140604962e80c6bbc7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Reversal patterns of existing temporary differences may need to be scheduled under the requirements of this Subtopic as follows: 1. a [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). 2. b Deferred tax assets are recognized without reference to offsetting, and then an assessment is made about the need for a valuation allowance. Paragraph [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18) lists four possible sources of taxable income that may be available to realize such deferred tax assets. In many cases it may be possible to determine without scheduling that expected future taxable income (see paragraph [740-10-30-18(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18)) will be adequate to eliminate the need for a valuation allowance. Disclosure of the amounts and expiration dates (or a reasonable aggregation of expiration dates) of operating loss and tax credit carryforwards is required only on a tax basis and does not require scheduling. 3. c The adoption of a tax rate convention for measuring deferred taxes when graduated tax rates are a significant factor will, in many cases, eliminate the need for the scheduling. In addition, [alternative minimum tax](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#alternative-minimum-tax "A tax that results from the use of an alternate determination of a corporation's federal income tax liability under provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code.") rates and laws are a factor only in considering the need for a valuation allowance for a deferred tax asset for alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards. When there is a phased-in change in tax rates, however, scheduling will often be necessary. See paragraphs [740-10-55-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-24); [740-10-55-31 through 55-33](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-31) ; and Examples 14 through 16 (paragraphs [740-10-55-129 through 55-138](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-129) ). ##### [740-10-55-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1b1fa7b85e3a6b71f7102f40e65615b6818a6683b0edef4ea7f94a6398c39085 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18) lists four possible sources of taxable income that may be available to realize a future tax benefit for deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. One source is future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards. Future originating temporary differences and their subsequent reversal are implicit in estimates of future taxable income. Where it can be easily demonstrated that future taxable income will more likely than not be adequate to realize future tax benefits of existing deferred tax assets, scheduling of reversals of existing taxable temporary differences would be unnecessary. ##### [740-10-55-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:bebea88739a7278f929c9fee11e12086042244fd577440296a3f14a43e7464e6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In other cases it may be easier to demonstrate that no valuation allowance is needed by considering the reversal of existing taxable temporary differences. Even in that case, the extent of scheduling will depend on the relative magnitudes involved. For example, if existing taxable temporary differences that will reverse over a long number of future years greatly exceed deductible differences that are expected to reverse over a short number of future years, it may be appropriate to conclude, in view of a long (for example, 15 years) carryforward period for net operating losses, that realization of future tax benefits for the deductible differences is thereby more likely than not without the need for scheduling. ##### [740-10-55-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:eda9f1f6cc33de3ab1984452bac70e26c49dad5472156e3aa9d5d64c7574c644 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A general understanding of reversal patterns is, in many cases, relevant in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. Judgment is crucial in making that assessment. The amount of scheduling, if any, that will be required will depend on the facts and circumstances of each situation. ##### [740-10-55-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-19) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:3145988ab4d41fad928a9473e542226c77716c119202cf6976333a746dd98dc9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following concepts however, underlie the determination of reversal patterns for existing temporary differences: 1. a The particular years in which temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts generally are determined by the timing of the recovery of the related asset or settlement of the related liability (see paragraph [740-10-55-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-13)). 2. b The tax law determines whether future reversals of temporary differences will result in taxable and deductible amounts that offset each other in future years (see paragraph [740-10-55-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-14)). ##### [740-10-55-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-20) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:75059bda9dfd0d197e5a34e38a83f71ad410cbe2f80ee57c7d2617b8e7ba70a8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. State income taxes are deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes and therefore a deferred state income tax liability or asset gives rise to a temporary difference for purposes of determining a deferred U.S. federal income tax asset or liability, respectively. The pattern of deductible or taxable amounts in future years for temporary differences related to deferred state income tax liabilities or assets should be determined by estimates of the amount of those state income taxes that are expected to become payable or recoverable for particular future years and, therefore, deductible or taxable for U.S. federal tax purposes in those particular future years. ##### [740-10-55-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-21) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e86b50aca58910b0ec86cfa5ca10763bab2f1d85863c03097eea1a2651e9bc6c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity may have claimed certain deductions, such as repair expenses, on its income tax returns. However, the entity may have recognized a liability (including interest) for the [unrecognized tax benefit](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/u/#unrecognized-tax-benefit "The difference between a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefit recognized and measured pursuant to Subtopic 740-10.") of those tax positions. If scheduling of future taxable or deductible differences is necessary, liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits should be considered. Accrual of a liability for unrecognized tax benefits of expenses, such as repairs, has the effect of capitalizing those expenses for tax purposes. Those capitalized expenses are considered to result in deductible amounts in the later years, for example, as depreciation expense. If the liability for unrecognized tax benefits is based on an overall evaluation of the technical merits of the tax position, scheduling should reflect the evaluations made in determining the liability for unrecognized tax benefits that was recognized. The effect of those evaluations may indicate a source of taxable income (see paragraph [740-10-30-18(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18)) for purposes of assessing the need for a valuation allowance for deductible temporary differences. Those evaluations may also indicate lower amounts of taxable income in other years. A deductible amount for any accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits would be scheduled for the future year in which that interest is expected to become deductible. ##### [740-10-55-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-22) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:59e02ae9cf190a67d2329a9df39dba9a67c99553e092d3ef352df828b10558b1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Minimizing complexity is an appropriate consideration in selecting a method for determining reversal patterns. The methods used for determining reversal patterns should be systematic and logical. The same method should be used for all temporary differences within a particular category of temporary differences for a particular tax jurisdiction. Different methods may be used for different categories of temporary differences. If the same temporary difference exists in two tax jurisdictions (for example, U.S. federal and a state tax jurisdiction), the same method should be used for that temporary difference in both tax jurisdictions. The same method for a particular category in a particular tax jurisdiction should be used consistently from year to year. A change in method is a change in accounting principle under the requirements of Topic 250. Two examples of a category of temporary differences are those related to liabilities for deferred compensation and investments in direct financing and sales-type leases. ##### [740-10-55-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-23) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:79bee913067e96c10dc47163f17a1bf5f5e98343e643d1a195bee8135fada6c4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax rate or rates that are used to measure deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets are the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years that the liability is expected to be settled or the asset recovered. Measurements are based on elections (for example, an election for loss carryforward instead of carryback) that are expected to be made for tax purposes in future years. Presently enacted changes in tax laws and rates that become effective for a particular future year or years must be considered when determining the tax rate to apply to temporary differences reversing in that year or years. Tax laws and rates for the current year are used if no changes have been enacted for future years. An asset for deductible temporary differences that are expected to be realized in future years through carryback of a future loss to the current or a prior year (or a liability for taxable temporary differences that are expected to reduce the refund claimed for the carryback of a future loss to the current or a prior year) is measured using tax laws and rates for the current or a prior year, that is, the year for which a refund is expected to be realized based on loss carryback provisions of the tax law. See Examples 14 through 16 (paragraphs [740-10-55-129 through 55-138](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-129) ) for illustrations of this guidance. ##### [740-10-55-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-24) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:866c557c092d3b36ed3c84163e7d70fab9865abeb7bc155112b7a30a61279ccb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured using enacted tax rates applicable to capital gains, ordinary income, and so forth, based on the expected type of taxable or deductible amounts in future years. For example, evidence based on all facts and circumstances should determine whether an investor's liability for the tax consequences of temporary differences related to its equity in the earnings of an investee should be measured using enacted tax rates applicable to a capital gain or a dividend. Computation of a deferred tax liability for undistributed earnings based on dividends should also reflect any related dividends received deductions or foreign tax credits, and taxes that would be withheld from the dividend. ##### [740-10-55-25](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-25) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:644f1d1ba821e15ef0ab383f1b2435c71595043626618fee61ee6e6915ef1472 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If deferred tax assets or liabilities for a state or local tax jurisdiction are significant, this Subtopic requires a separate deferred tax computation when there are significant differences between the tax laws of that and other tax jurisdictions that apply to the entity. In the United States, however, many state or local income taxes are based on U.S. federal taxable income, and aggregate computations of deferred tax assets and liabilities for at least some of those state or local tax jurisdictions might be acceptable. In assessing whether an aggregate calculation is appropriate, matters such as differences in tax rates or the loss carryback and carryforward periods in those state or local tax jurisdictions should be considered. Also, the provisions of paragraph [740-10-45-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-6) about offset of deferred tax liabilities and assets of different tax jurisdictions should be considered. In assessing the significance of deferred tax expense for a state or local tax jurisdiction, it is appropriate to consider the [deferred tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-consequences "The future effects on income taxes as measured by the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law resulting from temporary differences and carryforwards at the end of the current year.") that those deferred state or local tax assets or liabilities have on other tax jurisdictions, for example, on deferred federal income taxes. ##### [740-10-55-26](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-26) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:53e172d66557800a970e044ba20c03c44dfdd2e8e4e091de6266f17bb7406350 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Local (including franchise) taxes based on income are within the scope of this Topic. A tax, to the extent it is based on capital, is a non-income-based tax. As indicated in paragraph [740-10-15-4(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-15-4), if there is an amount of a franchise tax based on income, that amount is considered an income tax. Any additional amount incurred is considered a non-income-based tax. An example that illustrates this guidance is presented in Example 17 (see paragraph [740-10-55-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-139)). ##### [740-10-55-27](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-27) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:d4e44540978c1137fb6b8016aadad29504eca914c0491d6422544df7e7d17c04 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following discussion and Example 18 (see paragraph [740-10-55-145](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-145)) refer to and describe a provision within the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004; however, they shall not be considered a definitive interpretation of any provision of the Act for any purpose. ##### [740-10-55-28](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-28) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2e856021c090202a2ccb6a69700c150363121fe425d9472d844350791cbd680b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. On October 22, 2004, the Act was signed into law by the president. This Act includes a tax deduction of up to 9 percent (when fully phased-in) of the lesser of qualified production activities income, as defined in the Act, or taxable income (after the deduction for the utilization of any net operating loss carryforwards). This tax deduction is limited to 50 percent of W-2 wages paid by the taxpayer. ##### [740-10-55-29](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-29) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:261c62cc89c2db900b24d1f6a10dbe227d098a2fca01ee6d02d678acb21962c2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The qualified production activities deduction's characteristics are similar to special deductions discussed in paragraph [740-10-25-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-37) because the qualified production activities deduction is contingent upon the future performance of specific activities, including the level of wages. Accordingly, the deduction should be accounted for as a special deduction in accordance with that paragraph. ##### [740-10-55-30](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-30) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:108e79c7bd657e7750ab7f7c329163a4607a5cb1da08e12133c1e75c1e394a81 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The special deduction should be considered by an entity in measuring deferred taxes when graduated tax rates are a significant factor and assessing whether a valuation allowance is necessary as required by paragraph [740-10-25-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-37). Example 18 (see paragraph [740-10-55-145](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-145)) illustrates the application of the requirements of this Subtopic for the impact of the qualified production activities deduction upon enactment of the Act in 2004. ##### [740-10-55-31](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-31) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:cf41838ea1c499ff4f2c260550112925e95137fccef177bc868549a3dbda52d1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Temporary differences such as depreciation differences are one reason why [tentative minimum tax](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tentative-minimum-tax "An intermediate calculation used in the determination of a corporation's federal income tax liability under the alternative minimum tax system in the United States. See Alternative Minimum Tax.") may exceed regular tax. Temporary differences, however, ultimately reverse and, absent a significant amount of preference items, total taxes paid over the entire life of the entity will be based on the regular tax system. Preference items are another reason why tentative minimum tax may exceed regular tax. If preference items are large enough, an entity could be subject, over its lifetime, to the alternative minimum tax system; and the cumulative amount of alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards would expire unused. No one can know beforehand which scenario will prevail because that determination can only be made after the fact. In the meantime, this Subtopic requires procedures that provide a practical solution to that problem. ##### [740-10-55-32](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-32) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1b2e3047ed034f479c3812e18958e1ddf209d4b8ae4ad6d3ca13b640cc375869 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Under the requirements of this Subtopic, an entity shall: 1. a Measure the total deferred tax liability and asset for regular tax temporary differences and carryforwards using the regular tax rate 2. b Measure the total deferred tax asset for all alternative minimum tax credit carryforward 3. c Reduce the deferred tax asset for alternative minimum tax credit carryforward by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of that deferred tax asset will not be realized. ##### [740-10-55-33](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-33) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2ec1e31add56e59ba96f0db89523715e2bd0a0e3614aae3fb796072b87cb49a8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18) identifies four sources of taxable income that shall be considered in determining the need for and amount of a valuation allowance. No valuation allowance is necessary if the deferred tax asset for alternative minimum tax credit carryforward can be realized in any of the following ways: 1. a Under paragraph [740-10-30-18(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18), by reducing a deferred tax liability from the amount of regular tax on regular tax temporary differences to not less than the amount of tentative minimum tax on alternative minimum taxable temporary differences 2. b Under paragraph [740-10-30-18(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18), by reducing taxes on future income from the amount of regular tax on regular taxable income to not less than the amount of tentative minimum tax on alternative minimum taxable income 3. c Under paragraph [740-10-30-18(c)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18), by loss carryback 4. d Under paragraph [740-10-30-18(d)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18), by a [tax-planning strategy](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-planning-strategy "An action (including elections for tax purposes) that meets certain criteria (see paragraph 740-10-30-19) and that would be implemented to realize a tax benefit for an operating loss or tax credit carryforward before it expires. Tax-planning strategies are considered when assessing the need for and amount of a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.") such as switching from tax-exempt to taxable interest income. ##### [740-10-55-34](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-34) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:779f59746bcfe0085cb95c734b45c3e393c25482c44b2b2abf21fd3911f1d299 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An operating loss, certain deductible items that are subject to limitations, and some tax credits arising but not utilized in the current year may be carried back for refund of taxes paid in prior years or carried forward to reduce taxes payable in future years. A receivable, to the extent it meets the recognition requirements of this Subtopic for tax positions, is recognized for the amount of taxes paid in prior years that is refundable by carryback of an operating loss or unused tax credits of the current year. ##### [740-10-55-35](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-35) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a267154440870a39083a0747aab165519f5f6ddbac22f6ed17f7cb4108f18953 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A deferred tax asset, to the extent it meets the recognition requirements of this Subtopic for tax positions, is recognized for an operating loss or tax credit carryforward. This requirement pertains to all investment tax credit carryforwards regardless of whether the flow-through or deferral method is used to account for investment tax credits. ##### [740-10-55-36](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-36) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:b75df02ab8db431ccf0be44d0e52cdac2217ee3a172db1ec85287685e970c605 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, provisions in the tax law that limit utilization of an operating loss or tax credit carryforward are applied in determining whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized by reduction of taxes payable on taxable income during the carryforward period. Example 19 (see paragraph [740-10-55-149](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-149)) illustrates recognition of the tax benefit of an operating loss in the loss year and in subsequent carryforward years when a valuation allowance is necessary in the loss year. ##### [740-10-55-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-37) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:631766b8fa24264eef80e3f1be0138b78740bd698921f34aa60c4dfa6cb752c4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An operating loss or tax credit carryforward from a prior year (for which the deferred tax asset was offset by a valuation allowance) may sometimes reduce taxable income and taxes payable that are attributable to certain revenues or gains that the tax law requires be included in taxable income for the year that cash is received. For financial reporting, however, there may have been no revenue or gain and a liability is recognized for the cash received. Future sacrifices to settle the liability will result in deductible amounts in future years. Under those circumstances, the reduction in taxable income and taxes payable from utilization of the operating loss or tax credit carryforward gives no cause for recognition of a tax benefit because, in effect, the operating loss or tax credit carryforward has been replaced by temporary differences that will result in deductible amounts when a nontax liability is settled in future years. The requirements for recognition of a tax benefit for deductible temporary differences and for operating loss carryforwards are the same, and the manner of reporting the eventual tax benefit recognized (that is, in income or as required by paragraph [740-20-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-3)) is not affected by the intervening transaction reported for tax purposes. Example 20 (see paragraph [740-10-55-156](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-156)) illustrates recognition of the tax benefit of an operating loss in the loss year and in subsequent carryforward years when a valuation allowance is necessary in the loss year. ##### [740-10-55-38](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-38) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:09e4c442d539a6524222bb523b5d493bd5e3cbc54e90ec8e1f24ba3a4c4dcb57 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Except as noted in paragraph [740-20-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-3), the manner of reporting the tax benefit of an operating loss carryforward or carryback is determined by the source of the income or loss in the current year and not by the source of the operating loss carryforward or taxes paid in a prior year or the source of expected future income that will result in realization of a deferred tax asset for an operating loss carryforward from the current year. [Deferred tax expense (or benefit)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-expense-or-benefit "The change during the year in an entity's deferred tax liabilities and assets. For deferred tax liabilities and assets acquired in a purchase business combination during the year, it is the change since the combination date. Income tax expense (or benefit) for the year is allocated among continuing operations, discontinued operations, and items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity.") that results because a change in circumstances causes a change in judgment about the future realization of the tax benefit of an operating loss carryforward is allocated to continuing operations (see paragraph [740-10-45-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-20)). Thus, for example: 1. a The tax benefit of an operating loss carryforward that resulted from a loss on discontinued operations in a prior year and that is first recognized in the financial statements for the current year: 1. 1 Is allocated to continuing operations if it offsets the current or deferred tax consequences of income from continuing operations 2. 2 Is allocated to a gain on discontinued operations if it offsets the current or deferred tax consequences of that gain 3. 3 Is allocated to continuing operations if it results from a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about future realization of a tax benefit. 2. b The current or deferred tax benefit of a loss from continuing operations in the current year is allocated to continuing operations regardless of whether that loss offsets the current or deferred tax consequences of a gain on discontinued operations that: 1. 1 Occurred in the current year 2. 2 Occurred in a prior year (that is, if realization of the tax benefit will be by carryback refund) 3. 3 Is expected to occur in a future year. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance: [105-10-65-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/105/10/#105-10-65-10)Except as noted in paragraph [740-20-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-3), the manner of reporting the tax benefit of an operating loss carryforward or carryback is determined by the source of the income or loss in the current year and not by the source of the operating loss carryforward or taxes paid in a prior year or the source of expected future income that will result in realization of a deferred tax asset for an operating loss carryforward from the current year. [Deferred tax expense (or benefit)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-expense-or-benefit "The change during the year in an entity's deferred tax liabilities and assets. For deferred tax liabilities and assets acquired in a purchase business combination during the year, it is the change since the combination date. Income tax expense (or benefit) for the year is allocated among continuing operations, discontinued operations, and items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity.") that results because a change in circumstances causes a change in judgment about the future realization of the tax benefit of an operating loss carryforward is allocated to continuing operations (see paragraph [740-10-45-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-20)). Thus, for example: 1. a The tax benefit of an operating loss carryforward that resulted from a loss on discontinued operations in a prior year and that is first recognized in the financial statements for the current year: 1. 1 Is allocated to continuing operations if it offsets the current or deferred tax consequences of income from continuing operations 2. 2 Is allocated to a gain on discontinued operations if it offsets the current or deferred tax consequences of that gain 3. 3 Is allocated to continuing operations if it results from a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about future realization of a tax benefit. 2. b The current or deferred tax benefit of a loss from continuing operations in the current year is allocated to continuing operations regardless of whether that loss offsets the current or deferred tax consequences of a gain on discontinued operations that: 1. 1 Occurred in the current year, provided that any tax benefit related to the continuing operations loss would have been realizable absent the gain on discontinued operations 2. 2 Occurred in a prior year (that is, if realization of the tax benefit will be by carryback refund) 3. 3 Is expected to occur in a future year. ##### [740-10-55-39](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-39) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c801570689725ecef105bf6df97d83b7e154db77d96af5a080885ff98869e880 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Expectations about future taxable income incorporate numerous assumptions about actions, elections, and strategies to minimize income taxes in future years. For example, an entity may have a practice of deferring taxable income whenever possible by structuring sales to qualify as installment sales for tax purposes. Actions such as that are not tax-planning strategies, as that term is used in this Topic because they are actions that management takes in the normal course of business. For purposes of applying the requirements of this Subtopic, a tax-planning strategy is an action that management ordinarily might not take but would take, if necessary, to realize a tax benefit for a carryforward before it expires. For example, a strategy to sell property and lease it back for the expressed purpose of generating taxable income to utilize a carryforward before it expires is not an action that management takes in the normal course of business. A qualifying tax-planning strategy is an action that: 1. a Is prudent and feasible. Management must have the ability to implement the strategy and expect to do so unless the need is eliminated in future years. For example, management would not have to apply the strategy if income earned in a later year uses the entire amount of carryforward from the current year. 2. b An entity ordinarily might not take, but would take to prevent an operating loss or tax credit carryforward from expiring unused. All of the various strategies that are expected to be employed for business or tax purposes other than utilization of carryforwards that would otherwise expire unused are, for purposes of this Subtopic, implicit in management's estimate of future taxable income and, therefore, are not tax-planning strategies as that term is used in this Topic. 3. c Would result in realization of deferred tax assets. The effect of qualifying tax-planning strategies must be recognized in the determination of the amount of a valuation allowance. Tax-planning strategies need not be considered, however, if positive evidence available from other sources (see paragraph [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18)) is sufficient to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not necessary. ##### [740-10-55-40](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-40) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e6cbf7d5a3882a6f7362ea61c7a468b8121a8e66e4c5c7f092112c8996c4e5e2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-30-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-19) indicates that tax-planning strategies include elections for tax purposes. The following are some examples of elections under current U.S. federal tax law that, if they meet the criteria for tax-planning strategies, should be considered in determining the amount, if any, of valuation allowance required for deferred tax assets: 1. a The election to file a consolidated tax return 2. b The election to claim either a deduction or a tax credit for foreign taxes paid 3. c The election to forgo carryback and only carry forward a net operating loss. ##### [740-10-55-41](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-41) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1dccc4ad11035a77d7aa2e9a78e6140f8177e60242fd5bcbac7a2c45ee0e0911 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Because the effects of known qualifying tax-planning strategies must be recognized (see Example 22 \[paragraph [740-10-55-163](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-163)\]), management should make a reasonable effort to identify those qualifying tax-planning strategies that are significant. Management's obligation to apply qualifying tax-planning strategies in determining the amount of valuation allowance required is the same as its obligation to apply the requirements of other Topics for financial accounting and reporting. However, if there is sufficient evidence that taxable income from one of the other sources of taxable income listed in paragraph [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18) will be adequate to eliminate the need for any valuation allowance, a search for tax-planning strategies is not necessary. ##### [740-10-55-42](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-42) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f3dbc5168b338f6c6ac6ec405e1f634450a42116832a52a64e983b2c7e86c459 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Tax-planning strategies may shift estimated future taxable income between future years. For example, assume that an entity has a $1,500 operating loss carryforward that expires at the end of next year and that its estimate of taxable income exclusive of the future reversal of existing temporary differences and carryforwards is approximately $1,000 per year for each of the next several years. That estimate is based, in part, on the entity's present practice of making sales on the installment basis and on provisions in the tax law that result in temporary deferral of gains on installment sales. A tax-planning strategy to increase taxable income next year and realize the full tax benefit of that operating loss carryforward might be to structure next year's sales in a manner that does not meet the tax rules to qualify as installment sales. Another strategy might be to change next year's depreciation procedures for tax purposes. ##### [740-10-55-43](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-43) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:ea8ebd218d3e34264e8092e173ecb36393073941a5651aff37017a033a3fd37c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Tax-planning strategies also may shift the estimated pattern and timing of future reversals of temporary differences. For example, if an operating loss carryforward otherwise would expire unused at the end of next year, a tax-planning strategy to sell the entity's installment sale receivables next year would accelerate the future reversal of taxable temporary differences for the gains on those installment sales. In other circumstances, a tax-planning strategy to accelerate the future reversal of deductible temporary differences in time to offset taxable income that is expected in an early future year might be the only means to realize a tax benefit for those deductible temporary differences if they otherwise would reverse and provide no tax benefit in some later future year(s). Examples of actions that would accelerate the future reversal of deductible temporary differences include the following: 1. a An annual payment that is larger than an entity's usual annual payment to reduce a long-term pension obligation (recognized as a liability in the financial statements) might accelerate a tax deduction for pension expense to an earlier year than would otherwise have occurred. 2. b Disposal of obsolete inventory that is reported at net realizable value in the financial statements would accelerate a tax deduction for the amount by which the tax basis exceeds the net realizable value of the inventory. 3. c Sale of loans at their reported amount (that is, net of an allowance for bad debts) would accelerate a tax deduction for the allowance for bad debts. ##### [740-10-55-44](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-44) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:639e3a2514d2a8a0442497e0d73d954039b846ecad044d4284105f9ce872c9b5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A significant expense might need to be incurred to implement a particular tax-planning strategy, or a significant loss might need to be recognized as a result of implementing a particular tax-planning strategy. In either case, that expense or loss (net of any future tax benefit that would result from that expense or loss) reduces the amount of tax benefit that is recognized for the expected effect of a qualifying tax-planning strategy. For that purpose, the future effect of a differential in interest rates (for example, between the rate that would be earned on installment sale receivables and the rate that could be earned on an alternative investment if the tax-planning strategy is to sell those receivables to accelerate the future reversal of related taxable temporary differences) is not considered. ##### [740-10-55-45](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-45) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:35a8ebd5b57b5a4b22697178018a872bc588e387d7986a32a90a36055dbdee81 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Example 21 (see paragraph [740-10-55-159](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-159)) illustrates recognition of a deferred tax asset based on the expected effect of a qualifying tax-planning strategy when a significant expense would be incurred to implement the strategy. ##### [740-10-55-46](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-46) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2edecfbfa4eecf58d185e2e8caf66179d80e25371721513267114b14fdbe22da Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Under this Subtopic, the requirements for consideration of tax-planning strategies pertain only to the determination of a valuation allowance for a deferred tax asset. A deferred tax liability ordinarily is recognized for all taxable temporary differences. The only exceptions are identified in paragraph [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3). Certain seemingly taxable temporary differences, however, may or may not result in taxable amounts when those differences reverse in future years. One example is an excess of cash surrender value of life insurance over premiums paid (see paragraph [740-10-25-30](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-30)). Another example is an excess of the book over the tax basis of an investment in a domestic subsidiary (see paragraph [740-30-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-7)). The determination of whether those differences are taxable temporary differences does not involve a tax-planning strategy as that term is used in this Topic. ##### [740-10-55-47](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-47) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:b30d456ad1f0f4399044e9ad35c6eec4facd6e717caab32e06fecc0f98e728eb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Example 22 (see paragraph [740-10-55-163](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-163)) provides an example where an entity has identified multiple tax-planning strategies. ##### [740-10-55-48](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-48) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e1e009d8c1aa250ec192c434177a571c008d90cef92a12e2efc38df645232913 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Under current U.S. federal tax law, approval of an entity's change from taxable C corporation status to nontaxable S corporation status is automatic if the criteria for S corporation status are met. If an entity meets those criteria but has not changed to S corporation status, a strategy to change to nontaxable S corporation status would not permit an entity to not recognize deferred taxes because a change in tax status is a discrete [event](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#event "A happening of consequence to an entity. The term encompasses both transactions and other events affecting an entity."). Paragraph [740-10-25-32](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-32) requires that the effect of a change in tax status be recognized at the date that the change in tax status occurs, that is, at the date that the change is approved by the taxing authority (or on the date of filing the change if approval is not necessary). For example, as required by paragraph [740-10-25-34](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-34), if an election to change an entity's tax status is approved by the taxing authority (or filed, if approval is not necessary) early in Year 2 and before the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (as discussed in Section 855-10-25) for Year 1, the effect of that change in tax status shall not be recognized in the financial statements for Year 1. ##### [740-10-55-49](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-49) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:3a9fa992993e5e26b9ac590eadb476235c1561174fc948a8bce69809778fa0b4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance presents examples of temporary differences. These examples are intended to be illustrative and not all-inclusive. Any references to various tax laws shall not be considered definitive interpretations of such laws for any purpose. ##### [740-10-55-50](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-50) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e33890cfe259e6db2f4a929ee89d55d78e91703e5c436a0ac1c1202c09d5d8d6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Differences between the recognition for financial accounting purposes and income tax purposes of discount or premium resulting from determination of the present value of a note should be treated as temporary differences in accordance with this Topic. ##### [740-10-55-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-51) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2ae498fecd33258eb1c9bacddd28e25f1fabce9b42ef5936cf8359edd9cab0fb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2020-06](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2020-06/). ##### [740-10-55-52](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-52) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f0c5dd3c98a9b62510148fc04fb56080ce4b5a89e49697063f4bf8dc5a7da3af Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity may use the LIFO method to value inventories for tax purposes which may result in LIFO inventory temporary differences, that is, for the excess of the amount of LIFO inventory for financial reporting over its tax basis. ##### [740-10-55-53](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-53) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f177bf0e5752da6a3cd4d227b6f04b3c42e04297bc0e3ad2e3556f50c538da22 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Even though a deferred tax liability for the LIFO inventory of a subsidiary will not be settled if that subsidiary is sold before the LIFO inventory temporary difference reverses, recognition of a deferred tax liability is required regardless of whether the LIFO inventory happens to belong to the parent entity or one of its subsidiaries. ##### [740-10-55-54](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-54) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:651ce19422ac9cfc820a62603f426a563443e0233a6b43e5908e55815d5154a3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance and Example 23 (see paragraph [740-10-55-165](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-165)) refer to provisions of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003; however, they shall not be considered definitive interpretations of the Act for any purpose. That Example provides a simple illustration of this guidance. ##### [740-10-55-55](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-55) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2e67bafc88c914ac3a3e0ab16aa98798d267c6ed0ed682fc423fb6f2e338cedc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As indicated in paragraph [715-60-05-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-05-9), on December 8, 2003, the president signed the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 into law. The Act introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare (Medicare Part D) as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. An employer's eligibility for the 28 percent subsidy depends on whether the prescription drug benefit available under its plan is at least actuarially equivalent to the Medicare Part D benefit. ##### [740-10-55-56](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-56) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2acf788227b425e28035573b47fe6f3f2c4cbe08cc62a100cf12c05670ac42e1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The Act excludes receipt of the subsidy from the taxable income of the employer for federal income tax purposes. That provision affects the accounting for the temporary difference related to the employer's accrued postretirement benefit cost under the requirements of this Topic. ##### [740-10-55-57](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-57) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:10526015af0413912b3be372a4aa6b65ea40864ae982515626ca35aa450f26ed Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In the periods in which the subsidy affects the employer's accounting for the plan, it shall have no effect on any plan-related temporary difference accounted for under this Topic because the subsidy is exempt from federal taxation. That is, the measure of any temporary difference shall continue to be determined as if the subsidy did not exist. Example 23 (see paragraph [740-10-55-165](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-165)) provides a simple illustration of this guidance. ##### [740-10-55-58](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-58) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:97dc440ca48bedd754d8e4b6928919faf1a58d201af5d9e02f168e1476502df1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance refers to provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 and the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987; however, it shall not be considered a definitive interpretation of the Acts for any purpose. ##### [740-10-55-59](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-59) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:b4dd14f579ddc3b43534f8b41b369c1ea14be7952aaddd9514c9a3ddf6912ac9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A change in tax law may require a change in accounting method for tax purposes, for example, the uniform cost capitalization rules required by the Tax Reform Act of 1986. For calendar-year taxpayers, inventories on hand at the beginning of 1987 are revalued as though the new rules had been in effect in prior years. That initial catch-up adjustment is deferred and taken into taxable income over not more than four years. This deferral of the initial catch-up adjustment for a change in accounting method for tax purposes gives rise to two temporary differences. ##### [740-10-55-60](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-60) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:19221b057e5ef858f47c1a6cec4327ba157e2e9ede880302d1cb7f874b142278 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. One temporary difference is related to the additional amounts initially capitalized into inventory for tax purposes. As a result of those additional amounts, the tax basis of the inventory exceeds the amount of the inventory for financial reporting. That temporary difference is considered to result in a deductible amount when the inventory is expected to be sold. Therefore, the excess of the tax basis of the inventory over the amount of the inventory for financial reporting as of December 31, 1986, is considered to result in a deductible amount in 1987 when the inventory turns over. As of subsequent year-ends, the [deductible temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deductible-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. See Temporary Difference.") to be considered would be the amount capitalized for tax purposes and not for financial reporting as of those year-ends. The expected timing of the deduction for the additional amounts capitalized in this example assumes that the inventory is not measured on a LIFO basis; temporary differences related to LIFO inventories reverse when the inventory is sold and not replaced as provided in paragraph [740-10-55-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-13). ##### [740-10-55-61](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-61) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:6271330a4624cbf5371046cca3f04c11f57c80e7c0a72c12fef383683b8a00e1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The other temporary difference is related to the deferred income for tax purposes that results from the initial catch-up adjustment. As stated above, that deferred income likely will be included in taxable income over four years. Ordinarily, the reversal pattern for this temporary difference should be considered to follow the tax pattern and would also be four years. This assumes that it is expected that inventory sold will be replaced. However, under the tax law, if there is a one-third reduction in the amount of inventory for two years running, any remaining balance of that deferred income is included in taxable income for the second year. If such inventory reductions are expected, then the reversal pattern will be less than four years. ##### [740-10-55-62](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-62) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:8fa3e93236d055f95cfe329bc550c9153ea3f4a2d23c04c9d3e03cf6965b175d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-35-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-4) requires recognition of the effect of a change in tax law or rate in the period that includes the enactment date. For example, the Tax Reform Act of 1986 was enacted in 1986. Therefore, the effects are recognized in a calendar-year entity's 1986 financial statements. ##### [740-10-55-63](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-63) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:dac74756284f2aa1817a9a2312579d9ab3e62f1758fbe76f032b0a5d17b1950a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 requires family-owned farming businesses to use the accrual method of accounting for tax purposes. The initial catch-up adjustment to change from the cash to the accrual method of accounting is deferred. It is included in taxable income if the business ceases to be family-owned (for example, it goes public). It also is included in taxable income if gross receipts from farming activities in future years drop below certain 1987 levels as set forth in the tax law. The deferral of the initial catch-up adjustment for that change in accounting method for tax purposes gives rise to a temporary difference because an assumption inherent in an entity's statement of financial position is that the reported amounts of assets and liabilities will be recovered and settled. Under the requirements of this Topic, deferred tax liabilities may not be eliminated or reduced because an entity may be able to delay the settlement of those liabilities by delaying the events that would cause taxable temporary differences to reverse. Accordingly, the deferred tax liability is recognized. If the events that trigger the payment of the tax are not expected in the foreseeable future, the reversal pattern of the related temporary difference is indefinite. ##### [740-10-55-64](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-64) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e172aeb49265554dd8c1ce781afdca1a7089faf7579401ca56793b1b2982c5d3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity may change from taxable C corporation status to nontaxable S corporation status. An entity that makes that status change shall continue to recognize a deferred tax liability to the extent that the entity would be subject to a corporate-level tax on net unrecognized built-in gains. ##### [740-10-55-65](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-65) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:8cec3d3e57e0f72adafa49e8b9fadec3e1971cc8929f78a492e928f96ea5cbeb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A C corporation that has temporary differences as of the date of change to S corporation status shall determine its deferred tax liability in accordance with the tax law. Since the timing of realization of a built-in gain can determine whether it is taxable, and therefore significantly affect the deferred tax liability to be recognized, actions and elections that are expected to be implemented shall be considered. For purposes of determining that deferred tax liability, the lesser of an unrecognized built-in gain (as defined by the tax law) or an existing temporary difference is used in the computations described in the tax law to determine the amount of the tax on built-in gains. Example 24 (see paragraph [740-10-55-168](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-168)) illustrates this guidance. ##### [740-10-55-66](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-66) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:eb7c9b3456b574deb486c08853164894159eacf0f526129a9e64eb648f2fd481 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Gain or loss resulting from an involuntary conversion of a nonmonetary asset to monetary assets that is not recognized for income tax reporting purposes in the same period in which the gain or loss is recognized for financial reporting purposes is a temporary difference for which a deferred tax liability or deferred tax asset should be recognized as required by this Subtopic. ##### [740-10-55-67](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-67) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:44956f8f538fcc78b7bffb6caae80ef7109cd33893b6134876f93f5bd972e1fc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity may make payments to taxing authorities for different reasons. The following guidance addresses certain of these payments. ##### [740-10-55-68](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-68) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c78acce5439783b211064cb269276d265afe626cbce0540e1ee59d650f9c9b88 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance refers to provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 and the Revenue Act of 1987; however, it shall not be considered a definitive interpretation of the Acts for any purpose. ##### [740-10-55-69](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-69) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:4871857b21047ce50174c8b3638d2bd81abfbf4e20452d03990ec3393ef79463 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance addresses how a payment should be recorded in the financial statements of an entity for a payment to a taxing authority to retain their fiscal year. ##### [740-10-55-70](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-70) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:ceb0894f41c263cda9a1a9cf66a50b304a284cd9652f5a3d0d69d1b86e803156 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. On December 22, 1987, the Revenue Act of 1987 was enacted, which allowed partnerships and S corporations to elect to retain their fiscal year rather than adopt a calendar year for tax purposes as previously required by the Tax Reform Act of 1986. Entities that elected to retain a fiscal year are required to make an annual payment in a single installment each year that approximates the income tax that the partners-owners would have paid on the short-period income had the entity switched to a calendar year. The payment is made by the entity and is not identified with individual partners-owners. Additionally the amount is not adjusted if a partner-owner leaves the entity. ##### [740-10-55-71](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-71) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c4fc13034360181226deb5f20cdcbf3c395f13ba82c508e4ac7b1c9df60c0e90 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this fact pattern, partnerships and S corporations should account for the payment as an asset since the payment is viewed as a deposit that is adjusted annually and will be realized when the entity liquidates, its income declines to zero, or it converts to a calendar year-end. ##### [740-10-55-72](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-72) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a8e712fd3ff8e6d01a6959594619a320627b2ddfe5593dd64b840803c4b3ac9a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following guidance refers to provisions which may be present in the French tax structure; however, it shall not be considered a definitive interpretation of the historical or current French tax structure for any purpose. ##### [740-10-55-73](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-73) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:6732546f0915762f0c83b6dbdf4cb14a25d75bc63adcbf6d9f5f10ac292a7bd7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The French income tax structure is based on the concept of an integrated tax system. The system utilizes a tax credit at the shareholder level to eliminate or mitigate the double taxation that would otherwise apply to a dividend. The tax credit is automatically available to a French shareholder receiving a dividend from a French corporation. The precompte mobilier (or precompte) is a mechanism that provides for the integration of the tax credit to the shareholder with the taxes paid by the corporation. The precompte is a tax paid by the corporation at the time of a dividend distribution that is equal to the difference between a tax based on the regular corporation tax rate applied to the amount of the declared dividend and taxes previously paid by the corporation on the income being distributed. In addition, if a corporation pays a dividend from earnings that have been retained for more than five years, the corporation loses the benefit of any taxes previously paid in the computation of the precompte. ##### [740-10-55-74](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-74) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c96db67ce2777c710e4729cd0930da5809cb0f0c8a4cded033b755d2ffd2df4a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-15-4(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-15-4) sets forth criteria for determining whether a tax that is assessed on an entity based on dividends distributed is, in effect, a withholding tax for the benefit of recipients of the dividend to be recorded in equity as part of the dividend distribution in that entity's separate financial statements. A tax that is assessed on a corporation based on dividends distributed that meets the criteria in that paragraph, such as the French precompte tax, should be considered to be in effect a withholding of tax for the recipient of the dividend and recorded in equity as part of the dividend paid to shareholders. ##### [740-10-55-75](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-75) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:af5a31303b311c7aa83ba6a46b4b33f3c9a93699f44f2bc1eb214839b02c3491 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An employer that withdraws excess plan assets from its pension plan may be subject to an excise tax. If the excise tax is independent of taxable income, that is, it is a tax due on a specific transaction regardless of whether there is any taxable income for the period in which the transaction occurs, it is not an income tax and the employer should recognize it as an expense (not classified as income taxes) in the period of the withdrawal. ##### [740-10-55-76](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-76) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:80f5927ba51fdcb26049cdce7e895019f49f28e56db0c7de86bc014547827ac2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Example 26 (see paragraph [740-10-55-202](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-202)) illustrates a transaction directly with a governmental taxing authority. ##### [740-10-55-77](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-77) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c7c92cbe68810d5484a9999004582a146c9e613d618e5a0dff934543da03d032 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-55-78](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-78) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a99a6015a885d976a07ef5a9a5c3cc6183409a31dd4f2d35d7dc29efb225966e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-55-79](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-79) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:b804cb397e2f0d897d6d99c0acbecf8f08a6e4f98ba386df81cbe841cddaf4e0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-50-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-9) requires disclosure of the significant components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations. The sum of the amounts disclosed for the components of tax expense should equal the amount of tax expense that is reported in the statement of earnings for continuing operations. Insignificant components that are not separately disclosed should be combined and disclosed as a single amount so that the sum of the amounts disclosed will equal total income tax expense attributable to continuing operations. Separate disclosure of the tax benefit of operating loss carryforwards and tax credits and tax credit carryforwards that have been recognized as a reduction of current tax expense and deferred tax expense is required. There are a number of ways to satisfy that disclosure requirement. Three acceptable approaches, referred to as the gross method, the net method, and the statutory tax rate reconciliation method, are illustrated in Example 29 (see paragraph [740-10-55-212](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-212)). ##### [740-10-55-80](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-80) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2631f5d897db7286c05291cc950964c139bdaa15f5d4f7ff830ed22e1ec45059 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Income tax expense is defined as the sum of current and deferred tax expense, and the amount to be disclosed under any of the above approaches is only the amount by which total income tax expense from continuing operations has been reduced by tax credits or an operating loss carryforward. For example, assume that a tax benefit is recognized for an operating loss or tax credit carryforward by recognizing a deferred tax asset in Year 1, with no valuation allowance required because of an existing deferred tax liability. Further, assume that the carryforward is realized on the tax return in Year 2. For financial reporting in Year 2: 1. a Current tax expense will be reduced for the tax benefit of the operating loss or tax credit carryforward realized on the tax return. 2. b Deferred tax expense will be larger (or a deferred tax benefit will be smaller) by the same amount. In those circumstances, the operating loss or tax credit carryforward affects only income tax expense (the sum of current and deferred tax expense) in Year 1 when a tax asset (with no valuation allowance) is recognized. There is no effect on income tax expense in Year 2 because the separate effects on current and deferred tax expense offset each other. Accordingly, the requirement for separate disclosure of the effects of tax credits or an operating loss carryforward is not applicable for Year 2. However, that disclosure requirement applies to financial statements for Year 1 that are presented for comparative purposes. #### Illustrations ##### [740-10-55-81](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-81) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:b74fe0912dac67e8981d97c852c341440d3204541cdad966a0161a7e18be22b5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the initial and subsequent determination by an entity of the unit of account for a tax position. Paragraph [740-10-25-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-13) requires an entity to determine an appropriate unit of account for an individual tax position. The following Cases illustrate: 1. a The determination of the unit of account (Case A) 2. b A change in the unit of account (Case B). ##### [740-10-55-82](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-82) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2c83cbddae0219e0d86a689723f511fb0d6f1def1cacec57501e2eae86d3d42b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Cases A and B share all of the following assumptions. ##### [740-10-55-83](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-83) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:223dbff248e27c3dddba0e2c3d60ac8af854423204c51e5ec3a9e198025e430a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity anticipates claiming a $1 million research and experimentation credit on its tax return for the current fiscal year. The credit comprises equal spending on 4 separate projects (that is, $250,000 of tax credit per project). The entity expects to have sufficient taxable income in the current year to fully utilize the $1 million credit. Upon review of the supporting documentation, management believes it is more likely than not that the entity will ultimately sustain a benefit of approximately $650,000. The anticipated benefit consists of approximately $200,000 per project for the first 3 projects and $50,000 for the fourth project. ##### [740-10-55-84](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-84) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:82e9fdee9745d0c977e7d6b2c68e8ebfa0d7e3c40f8bd53b5885552008b87017 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case illustrates an entity's initial determination of the unit of account for a tax position. ##### [740-10-55-85](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-85) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1783f7e682a2938134020111e4948e511aee2611b14aff857d7798f385afee46 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In its evaluation of the appropriate amount to recognize, management first determines the appropriate unit of account for the tax position. Because of the magnitude of expenditures in each project, management concludes that the appropriate unit of account is each individual research project. In reaching this conclusion, management considers both the level at which it accumulates information to support the tax return and the level at which it anticipates addressing the issue with taxing authorities. In this Case, upon review of the four projects including the magnitude of expenditures, management determines that it accumulates information at the project level. Management also anticipates the taxing authority will address the issues during an examination at the level of individual projects. ##### [740-10-55-86](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-86) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:77849b7312bfa3d5a0106d6a52eaff40bf7e57d2a039ac93dd33295410ca352f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In evaluating the projects for recognition, management determines that three projects meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold. However, due to the nature of the activities that constitute the fourth project, it is uncertain that the tax benefit related to this project will be allowed. Because the tax benefit related to that fourth project does not meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, it should not be recognized in the financial statements, even though tax positions associated with that project will be included in the tax return. The entity would recognize a $600,000 financial statement benefit related to the first 3 projects but would not recognize a financial statement benefit related to the fourth project. ##### [740-10-55-87](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-87) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c68d59de198cffeafbc24f46e9b4edb0b30932cbd93be87c8cdc4ee9d1cd043b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case illustrates a change in an entity's initial determination of the unit of account for a tax position. ##### [740-10-55-88](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-88) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:7d5cf232b75209f0d15272dc060f196f81f305ac9f49a749cfa19315c77d57a7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In Year 2, the entity increases its spending on research and experimentation projects and anticipates claiming significantly larger research credits in its Year 2 tax return. In light of the significant increase in expenditures, management reconsiders the appropriateness of the unit of account and concludes that the project level is no longer the appropriate unit of account for research credits. This conclusion is based on the magnitude of spending and anticipated claimed credits and on previous experience and is consistent with the advice of external tax advisors. Management anticipates the taxing authority will focus the examination on functional expenditures when examining the Year 2 return and thus needs to evaluate whether it can change the unit of account in subsequent years' tax returns. ##### [740-10-55-89](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-89) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1697086524898f39f66630342a5710f7d08972e8a792ab27a7cb1999ddd58190 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Determining the unit of account requires evaluation of the entity's facts and circumstances. In making that determination, management evaluates the manner in which it prepares and supports its income tax return and the manner in which it anticipates addressing issues with taxing authorities during an examination. The unit of account should be consistently applied to similar positions from period to period unless a change in facts and circumstances indicates that a different unit of account is more appropriate. Because of the significant change in the tax position in Year 2, management's conclusion that the taxing authority will likely examine tax credits in the Year 2 tax return at a more detailed level than the individual project is reasonable and appropriate. Accordingly, the entity should reevaluate the unit of account for the Year 2 financial statements based on the new facts and circumstances. ##### [740-10-55-90](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-90) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a6a4f19d9b8a08f59598dbedadf2240fbadb6b57e4c144937389842cb71f4823 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in paragraph [740-10-25-7(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-7) on evaluating a taxing authority's widely understood administrative practices and precedents shall be taken into account when assessing the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold established in paragraph [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6). This Example illustrates such consideration. ##### [740-10-55-91](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-91) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:958106759dce692c9a926fab1bf41cee3a831a4b6d91bf94c7f0945e83bb6f09 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity has established a capitalization threshold of $2,000 for its tax return for routine property and equipment purchases. Assets purchased for less than $2,000 are claimed as expenses on the tax return in the period they are purchased. The tax law does not prescribe a capitalization threshold for individual assets, and there is no materiality provision in the tax law. The entity has not been previously examined. Management believes that based on previous experience at a similar entity and current discussions with its external tax advisors, the taxing authority will not disallow tax positions based on that capitalization policy and the taxing authority's historical administrative practices and precedents. ##### [740-10-55-92](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-92) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:890c8dff2d5146abc35091bebb57f410671e36153007a49dcd075defbe6b6bd5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Some might deem the entity's capitalization policy a technical violation of the tax law, since that law does not prescribe capitalization thresholds. However, in this situation the entity has concluded that the capitalization policy is consistent with the demonstrated administrative practices and precedents of the taxing authority and the practices of other entities that are regularly examined by the taxing authority. Based on its previous experience with other entities and consultation with its external tax advisors, management believes the administrative practice is widely understood. Accordingly, because management expects the taxing authority to allow this position when and if examined, the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold has been met. ##### [740-10-55-93](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-93) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:db47f180fa1eb15cb4ec9a608836d745e0bf793a96213936bcd0c152e7e71b63 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in paragraph [740-10-25-7(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-7) on evaluating a taxing authority's widely understood administrative practices and precedents shall be taken into account when assessing the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold established in paragraph [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6). This Example illustrates such consideration. ##### [740-10-55-94](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-94) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:16b8b1edf798ed216f449004eafeaa46435cc8757f3c47119462f225514b39a3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity has been incorporated in Jurisdiction A for 50 years; it has filed a tax return in Jurisdiction A in each of those 50 years. The entity has been doing business in Jurisdiction B for approximately 20 years and has filed a tax return in Jurisdiction B for each of those 20 years. However, the entity is not certain of the exact date it began doing business, or the date it first had nexus, in Jurisdiction B. ##### [740-10-55-95](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-95) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:ab61db3dae492e438ce037003a185fccf90755c7c8d0fc8e4ce2121d4b085b1f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The entity understands that if a tax return is not filed, the statute of limitations never begins to run; accordingly, failure to file a tax return effectively means there is no statute of limitations. The entity has become familiar with the administrative practices and precedents of Jurisdiction B and understands that Jurisdiction B will look back only six years in determining if there is a tax return due and a deficiency owed. Because of the administrative practices of the taxing authority and the facts and circumstances, the entity believes it is more likely than not that a tax return is not required to be filed in Jurisdiction B at an earlier date and that a liability for tax exposures for those periods is not required. ##### [740-10-55-96](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-96) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2589e579ca52131de24550c478f207693580232ed6d43c2761e5a65dc0c6e0d2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-30-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-20) requires that entities determine the amount of available future taxable income from a tax-planning strategy based on the application of the recognition and measurement requirements of this Subtopic for tax positions. This Example illustrates the recognition aspect of that requirement. ##### [740-10-55-97](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-97) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:8b0b9389944b5b7c293f98be296214525f42421d4f9016ceaf2fd0808ef6d369 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity has a wholly owned subsidiary with certain deferred tax assets as a result of several years of losses from operations. Management has determined that it is more likely than not that sufficient future taxable income will not be available to realize those deferred tax assets. Therefore, management recognizes a full valuation allowance for those deferred tax assets both in the separate financial statements of the subsidiary and in the consolidated financial statements of the entity. ##### [740-10-55-98](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-98) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:621fa614493392dc41a27e63f69d481cef7c447ff119ba33b2c1b306870bdeff Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Management has identified certain tax-planning strategies that might enable the realization of those deferred tax assets. Management has determined that the strategies will meet the minimum statutory threshold to avoid penalties and that it is not more likely than not that the strategies would be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits. Accordingly, those strategies may not be used to reduce the valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets. Only a tax-planning strategy that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold would be considered in evaluating the sufficiency of future taxable income for realization of deferred tax assets. ##### [740-10-55-99](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-99) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:354ea6cc6ad065063e6340cb06a62fcd611a25b0d77688587b10c47bd13fbaae Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the recognition and measurement criteria of this Subtopic to tax positions where the tax law is unambiguous. The recognition and measurement criteria of this Subtopic applicable to tax positions begin in paragraph [740-10-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-5) for recognition and paragraph [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) for measurement. ##### [740-10-55-100](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-100) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:8023d5673f98de514bb3dba2f3ca27db62eae4c4e38de1a7d76dd24a819804bd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity has taken a tax position that it believes is based on clear and unambiguous tax law for the payment of salaries and benefits to employees. The class of salaries being evaluated in this tax position is not subject to any limitations on deductibility (for example, executive salaries are not included), and none of the expenditures are required to be capitalized (for example, the expenditures do not pertain to the production of inventories); all amounts accrued at year-end were paid within the statutorily required time frame subsequent to the reporting date. Management concludes that the salaries are fully deductible. ##### [740-10-55-101](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-101) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:fa38b5e76b921bdaf780adc6516586d8d62117f4bac48ddbb6aaaeb0bb7bc1d4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. All tax positions are subject to the requirements of this Subtopic. However, because the deduction is based on clear and unambiguous tax law, management has a high confidence level in the technical merits of this position. Accordingly, the tax position clearly meets the recognition criterion and should be evaluated for measurement. In determining the amount to measure, management is highly confident that the full amount of the deduction will be allowed and it is clear that it is greater than 50 percent likely that the full amount of the tax position will be ultimately realized. Accordingly, the entity would recognize the full amount of the tax position in the financial statements. ##### [740-10-55-102](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-102) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c675c3a1dc39c173abadae8d780364a0950d4d225bb278881e84e42be819dcc4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example demonstrates an application of the measurement requirements of paragraph [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) for a tax position that meets the paragraph [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) requirements for recognition. Measurement in this Example is based on identified information about settlement. ##### [740-10-55-103](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-103) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:12bc89f7bfe84a28d52f9b31cdf652e6518f8e0c11fd1869f5fad65040877beb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In applying the recognition criterion of this Subtopic for tax positions, an entity has determined that a tax position resulting in a benefit of $100 qualifies for recognition and should be measured. The entity has considered the amounts and probabilities of the possible estimated outcomes as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-579FEE11-52DC-4FDF-B7B9-D62BD9268C3F-low.gif) Possible Estimated Outcome Individual Probability of Occurring (%) Cumulative Probability of Occurring (%) $100 5 5 80 25 30 60 25 55 50 20 75 40 10 85 20 10 95 - 5 100 ##### [740-10-55-104](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-104) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:36b14961e035db8b7c11d490b352a180a5b32e17b006077970c409c696f902f9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Because $60 is the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement, the entity would recognize a tax benefit of $60 in the financial statements. ##### [740-10-55-105](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-105) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:7396672dc25706b8e8db965ae1aefba6ac8612929daff4a35e6faca12d628767 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As in the preceding Example, this Example also demonstrates an application of the measurement requirements of paragraph [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) for a tax position determined to meet recognition requirements. While measurement in this Example is also based on identified information about settlement, the information is more limited than in the preceding Example. ##### [740-10-55-106](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-106) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:415e0a4a791234c07be6f2e7864f53d0cfc7675ba620b1425d8db7d4136a8222 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In applying the recognition criterion of this Subtopic for tax positions an entity has determined that a tax position resulting in a benefit of $100 qualifies for recognition and should be measured. There is limited information about how a taxing authority will view the position. After considering all relevant information, management's confidence in the technical merits of the tax position exceeds the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, but management also believes it is likely it would settle for less than the full amount of the entire position when examined. Management has considered the amounts and the probabilities of the possible estimated outcomes. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-196C25BA-AA73-472D-81AF-6EAF4B072871-low.gif) Possible Estimated Outcome Individual Probability of Occurring (%) Cumulative Probability of Occurring (%) $100 25 25 75 50 75 50 25 100 ##### [740-10-55-107](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-107) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f5eb2cb5a492622b21128b7df3421e4b00d7907049515be35307829a76ccdecf Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Because $75 is the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement, the entity would recognize a tax benefit of $75 in the financial statements. ##### [740-10-55-108](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-108) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:62136b419578283a5d47cefec7dd7f94dbe92aeb97b0b21f4638b5f9761b6a4b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example demonstrates an application of the measurement requirements of paragraph [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) for a tax position that meets the paragraph [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) requirements for recognition. Measurement in this Example is based on settlement of a similar tax position with the taxing authority. ##### [740-10-55-109](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-109) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:146f9621cf6a7a9398c8a9537025e97f0bc4f20ba068c9f43aa3a4f7a393c4b3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In applying the recognition criterion of this Subtopic for tax positions, an entity has determined that a tax position resulting in a benefit of $100 qualifies for recognition and should be measured. In a recent settlement with the taxing authority, the entity has agreed to the treatment for that position for current and future years. There are no recently issued relevant sources of tax law that would affect the entity's assessment. The entity has not changed any assumptions or computations, and the current tax position is consistent with the position that was recently settled. In this case, the entity would have a very high confidence level about the amount that will be ultimately realized and little information about other possible outcomes. Management will not need to evaluate other possible outcomes because it can be confident of the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement without that evaluation. ##### [740-10-55-110](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-110) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c806d0f10f47fa4b72f2f22fcbe374a625cb63adc8009002fd1414d601bd641a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example demonstrates an application of the measurement requirements of paragraph [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) for a tax position that meets the paragraph [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) requirements for recognition. Measurement in this Example is based on the timing of the deduction. ##### [740-10-55-111](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-111) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:bf22bf93616a801487286b095ab9e4f6b916c6704362d2d7e1e54bfdb9aad5c3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In Year 1, an entity acquired a separately identifiable intangible asset for $15 million that has an indefinite life for financial statement purposes and is, therefore, not subject to amortization. Based on some uncertainty in the tax code, the entity decides for tax purposes to deduct the entire cost of the asset in Year 1. While the entity is certain that the full amount of the intangible is ultimately deductible for tax purposes, the timing of deductibility is uncertain under the tax code. In applying the recognition criterion of this Subtopic for tax positions, the entity has determined that the tax position qualifies for recognition and should be measured. The entity believes it is 25 percent likely it would be able to realize immediate deduction upon settlement, and it is certain it could sustain a 15-year amortization for tax purposes. Thus, the largest Year 1 benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement is the tax effect of $1 million (the Year 1 deduction from straight-line amortization of the asset over 15 years). ##### [740-10-55-112](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-112) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:8dff0b8a768c13a8a4a20984c62e19ee3cf6bf82d5ea7f0590e4bb96bb4cc926 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. At the end of Year 1, the entity should reflect a deferred tax liability for the tax effect of the temporary difference created by the difference between the financial statement basis of the asset ($15 million) and the tax basis of the asset computed in accordance with the guidance in this Subtopic for tax positions ($14 million, the cost of the asset reduced by $1 million of amortization). The entity also should reflect a tax liability for the tax-effected difference between the as-filed tax position ($15 million deduction) and the amount of the deduction that is considered more likely than not of being sustained ($1 million). The entity should evaluate the tax position for accrual of statutory penalties as well as interest expense on the difference between the amounts reported in the financial statements and the tax position taken in the tax return. ##### [740-10-55-113](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-113) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:4151eec4bbb9463e41eabf2f5ca54aa92a9030b6cbfa976d06dcc0da54cddd3f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example demonstrates an application of the measurement requirements of paragraph [740-10-30-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-7) for a tax position that meets the paragraph [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) requirements for recognition. Measurement in this Example is based on a change in timing of deductibility. ##### [740-10-55-114](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-114) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:bd3556065310d5e580622e1a441de25e51854dc89539e95270e0cdc4601f30a6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In 20X1 an entity took a tax position in which it amortizes the cost of an acquired asset on a straight-line basis over three years, while the amortization period for financial reporting purposes is seven years. After one year, the entity has deducted one-third of the cost of the asset in its income tax return and one-seventh of the cost in the financial statements and, consequently, has a deferred tax liability for the difference between the financial reporting and tax bases of the asset. ##### [740-10-55-115](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-115) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:36f99363dba659aa3e22e39d01caf359345fed39c1d1b0acec494d389db22cb4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In accordance with the requirements of this Subtopic, the entity evaluates the tax position as of the reporting date of the financial statements. In 20X2, the entity determines that it is still certain that the entire cost of the acquired asset is fully deductible, so the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold has been met according to paragraph [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6). However, in 20X2, the entity now believes based on new information that the largest benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement is straight-line amortization over 7 years. ##### [740-10-55-116](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-116) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:7481b43ff0bc05ea355f2b97142397a28459849b9c85caa82522c396a5d744a2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Example, the entity would recognize a liability for unrecognized tax benefits based on the difference between the three- and seven-year amortization. In 20X2, no deferred tax liability should be recognized, as there is no longer a temporary difference between the financial statement carrying value of the asset and the tax basis of the asset based on this Subtopic's measurement requirements for tax positions. Additionally, the entity should evaluate the need to accrue interest and penalties, if applicable under the tax law. ##### [740-10-55-117](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-117) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:b8dc21f8a2fbe5a16df28386f097048c636a1db48ba9d3db683c97ae055ab360 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraphs [740-10-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-6) and [740-10-25-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-8) require that tax positions be recognized and measured based on information available at the reporting date. This Example demonstrates the effect of information becoming available after the reporting date but before the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (as discussed in Section 855-10-25). ##### [740-10-55-118](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-118) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:4a9e9f92a8bfd6728916fbacbfdbf4e810e56c1868504e3d71bd05d201060029 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A has evaluated a tax position at its most recent reporting date and has concluded that the position meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold. In evaluating the tax position for recognition, Entity A considered all relevant sources of tax law, including a court case in which the taxing authority has fully disallowed a similar tax position with an unrelated entity (Entity B). The taxing authority and Entity B are aggressively litigating the matter. Although Entity A was aware of that court case at the recent reporting date, management determined that the more-likely-than not recognition threshold had been met. After the reporting date, but before the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (as discussed in Section 855-10-25), the taxing authority prevailed in its litigation with Entity B, and Entity A concludes that it is no longer more likely than not that it will sustain the position. ##### [740-10-55-119](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-119) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:436dd9baaace9b51ec69040b97256c46c08e2104746b7be29c2422bfd4d73bac Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-40-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-2) provides the guidance that an entity shall derecognize a previously recognized tax position in the first period in which it is no longer more likely than not that the tax position would be sustained upon examination, and paragraphs [740-10-25-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-14); [740-10-35-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-2); and[740-10-40-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-2) establish that subsequent recognition, derecognition, and measurement shall be based on management's best judgment given the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. Because the resolution of Entity B's litigation with the taxing authority is the information that caused Entity A to change its judgment about the sustainability of the position and that information was not available at the reporting date, the change in judgment would be recognized in the first quarter of the current fiscal year. ##### [740-10-55-120](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-120) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:d08483f0022ca5aa97c4adae486bbed1ce6f8939e063421caac5abcf08eb5269 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [740-10-55-7 through 55-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-7) relating to recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities, including when a detailed analysis of sources of taxable income may not be necessary in considering the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. In this Example, an entity has $2,400 of deductible temporary differences and $1,500 of taxable temporary differences at the end of Year 3 (the current year). ##### [740-10-55-121](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-121) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1f44e23f66c0d08769d9a1278501d36c1f42c1158a2baa7d151673d0409912c7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A deferred tax liability is recognized at the end of Year 3 for the $1,500 of taxable temporary differences, and deferred tax asset is recognized for the $2,400 of deductible temporary differences. All available evidence, both positive and negative, is considered to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance is needed for some portion or all of the deferred tax asset. If evidence about one or more sources of taxable income (see paragraph [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18)) is sufficient to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed, other sources of taxable income need not be considered. For example, if the weight of available evidence indicates that taxable income will exceed $2,400 in each future year, a conclusion that no valuation allowance is needed can be reached without considering the pattern and timing of the reversal of the temporary differences, the existence of qualifying tax-planning strategies, and so forth. ##### [740-10-55-122](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-122) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:99aee8bd52a0be2191cacb56e4c0c569b2fc478d4de7134dbc2666923b2a8801 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Similarly, if the deductible temporary differences will reverse within the next 3 years and taxable income in the current year exceeds $2,400, nothing needs to be known about future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences because the deferred tax asset could be realized by carryback to the current year. A valuation allowance is needed, however, if the weight of available evidence indicates that some portion or all of the $2,400 of tax deductions from future reversals of the deductible temporary differences will not be realized by offsetting any of the following: 1. a The $1,500 of taxable temporary differences and $900 of future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences 2. b $2,400 of future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences 3. c $2,400 of taxable income in the current or prior years by loss carryback to those years 4. d $2,400 of taxable income in one or more of the circumstances described above and as a result of a qualifying tax-planning strategy (see paragraphs [740-10-55-39 through 55-48](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-39) ). Paragraph [740-10-55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-8) provides guidance on when a detailed analysis of sources of taxable income may not be necessary in considering the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. ##### [740-10-55-123](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-123) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:fc781855702e50dd502f2a23dec75fd3c3e1144fc0696e33a994d07ae5715eca Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Detailed analyses are not necessary, for example, if the entity earned $500 of taxable income in each of Years 1-3 and there is no evidence to suggest it will not continue to earn that level of taxable income in future years. That level of future taxable income is more than sufficient to realize the tax benefit of $2,400 of tax deductions over a period of at least 19 years (the year(s) of the deductions, 3 carryback years, and 15 carryforward years) in the U.S. federal tax jurisdiction. ##### [740-10-55-124](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-124) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1eb7125e09ac69a571026899b68bceb4abd4a102d063f3d32d1b60028c257564 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [740-10-55-7 through 55-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-7) relating to recognition of a valuation allowance for a portion of a deferred tax asset in one year and a subsequent change in circumstances that requires adjustment of the valuation allowance at the end of the following year. This Example has the following assumptions: 1. a At the end of the current year (Year 3), an entity's only temporary differences are deductible temporary differences in the amount of $900. 2. b Pretax financial income, taxable income, and taxes paid for each of Years 1-3 are all positive, but relatively negligible, amounts. 3. c The enacted tax rate is 40 percent for all years. ##### [740-10-55-125](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-125) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:79cf7f29dc4346612cc7aaf251b6b5e075a30e8cd5305048e7c5492634b86213 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A deferred tax asset in the amount of $360 ($900 at 40 percent) is recognized at the end of Year 3. If management concludes, based on an assessment of all available evidence (see guidance in paragraphs [740-10-30-17 through 30-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-17) ), that it is more likely than not that future taxable income will not be sufficient to realize a tax benefit for $400 of the $900 of deductible temporary differences at the end of the current year, a $160 valuation allowance ($400 at 40 percent) is recognized at the end of Year 3. ##### [740-10-55-126](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-126) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e286f221053e8ea4091f9d6aedc29a7bbd57e4c1ba1315ba0f78cd81d937a757 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Assume that pretax financial income and taxable income for Year 4 turn out to be as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-F53D0D64-3003-4904-A9DD-90B8A1086111-low.gif) Pretax financial loss $(50) Reversing deductible temporary differences (300) Loss carryforward for tax purposes $(350) ##### [740-10-55-127](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-127) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:9de165c0eb99394c4ed62e4b87acfeec4e136076d97813841da2d39b4a1b955c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The $50 pretax loss in Year 4 is additional negative evidence that must be weighed against available positive evidence to determine the amount of valuation allowance necessary at the end of Year 4. Deductible temporary differences and carryforwards at the end of Year 4 are as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-3997F3D9-6A79-48F3-AF72-FD86E930F108-low.gif) Loss carryforward from Year 4 for tax purposes (see above) $350 Unreversed deductible temporary differences ($900 - $300) 600 $950 ##### [740-10-55-128](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-128) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a7cba621da593e05eef9b62aea1d134ea8bec7811d70b8f734def542f5693dac Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The $360 deferred tax asset recognized at the end of Year 3 is increased to $380 ($950 at 40 percent) at the end of Year 4. Based on an assessment of all evidence available at the end of Year 4, management concludes that it is more likely than not that $240 of the deferred tax asset will not be realized and, therefore, that a $240 valuation allowance is necessary. The $160 valuation allowance recognized at the end of Year 3 is increased to $240 at the end of Year 4. The $60 net effect of those 2 adjustments (the $80 increase in the valuation allowance less the $20 increase in the deferred tax asset) results in $60 of deferred tax expense that is recognized in Year 4. ##### [740-10-55-129](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-129) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:6585e9bbde5e11ba6d033bcc1126c5b4336eb4a4dce2e2914d8c869caf9d4941 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [740-10-55-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-23) for determination of the tax rate for measurement of a deferred tax liability for taxable temporary differences when there is a phased-in change in tax rates. At the end of Year 3 (the current year), an entity has $2,400 of taxable temporary differences, which are expected to result in taxable amounts of approximately $800 on the future tax returns for each of Years 4-6. Enacted tax rates are 35 percent for Years 1-3, 40 percent for Years 4-6, and 45 percent for Year 7 and thereafter. ##### [740-10-55-130](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-130) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:6a3f48d8f0c822e11a4659a9ef88842d122654e2ceaccd5ecaad4a00d272b0e0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax rate that is used to measure the deferred tax liability for the $2,400 of taxable temporary differences differs depending on whether the tax effect of future reversals of those temporary differences is on taxes payable for Years 1-3, Years 4-6, or Year 7 and thereafter. The tax rate for measurement of the deferred tax liability is 40 percent whenever taxable income is expected in Years 4-6. If tax losses are expected in Years 4-6, however, the tax rate is: 1. a 35 percent if realization of a tax benefit for those tax losses in Years 4-6 will be by loss carryback to Years 1-3 2. b 45 percent if realization of a tax benefit for those tax losses in Years 4-6 will be by loss carryforward to Year 7 and thereafter. ##### [740-10-55-131](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-131) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:6cd3f9695c9041148d3171437055ea1b971f7a0a1dd0c7af3db9042347fe0bfc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [740-10-55-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-23) for determination of the tax rate for measurement of a deferred tax asset for deductible temporary differences when there is a change in tax rates. This Example has the following assumptions: 1. a Enacted tax rates are 30 percent for Years 1-3 and 40 percent for Year 4 and thereafter. 2. b At the end of Year 3 (the current year), an entity has $900 of deductible temporary differences, which are expected to result in tax deductions of approximately $300 on the future tax returns for each of Years 4-6. ##### [740-10-55-132](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-132) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:5cdd2afc3f1e067c6762d52c58b992475c101606b23c0ef6259db3391485174d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax rate is 40 percent if the entity expects to realize a tax benefit for the deductible temporary differences by offsetting taxable income earned in future years. Alternatively, the tax rate is 30 percent if the entity expects to realize a tax benefit for the deductible temporary differences by loss carryback refund. ##### [740-10-55-133](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-133) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2fa973c27ccc2dac39202d2987eefbf36d75e872a372ae5455a22b0dd8738d44 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Further assume for this Example both of the following: 1. a The entity recognizes a $360 ($900 at 40 percent) deferred tax asset to be realized by offsetting taxable income in future years. 2. b Taxable income and taxes payable in each of Years 1-3 were $300 and $90, respectively. ##### [740-10-55-134](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-134) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:0f1a17a3976bd5b64190eaba34f62f3e81bab7b21cf456604c25552e31c5d7fc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Realization of a tax benefit of at least $270 ($900 at 30 percent) is assured because carryback refunds totaling $270 may be realized even if no taxable income is earned in future years. Recognition of a valuation allowance for the other $90 ($360 - $270) of the deferred tax asset depends on management's assessment of whether, based on the weight of available evidence, a portion or all of the tax benefit of the $900 of deductible temporary differences will not be realized at 40 percent tax rates in future years. ##### [740-10-55-135](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-135) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:147d149f9381c480f34fa21f57824eee1ba8d9d275670ddfa3234796d9a0e8ef Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Alternatively, if enacted tax rates are 40 percent for Years 1-3 and 30 percent for Year 4 and thereafter, measurement of the deferred tax asset at a 40 percent tax rate could only occur if tax losses are expected in future Years 4-6. ##### [740-10-55-136](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-136) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:7dd647d033e1ba9d7203f8f51a617eddbc82599c2a44173e11737ffed60b19dc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [740-10-55-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-23) for determination of the average graduated tax rate for measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets by an entity for which graduated tax rates ordinarily are a significant factor. At the end of Year 3 (the current year), an entity has $1,500 of taxable temporary differences and $900 of deductible temporary differences, which are expected to result in net taxable amounts of approximately $200 on the future tax returns for each of Years 4-6. Enacted tax rates are 15 percent for the first $500 of taxable income, 25 percent for the next $500, and 40 percent for taxable income over $1,000. This Example assumes that there is no income (for example, capital gains) subject to special tax rates. ##### [740-10-55-137](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-137) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1012363d5762006d095466f421ebd98e530adc0eebb327e98308ccd336ffd385 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The deferred tax liability and asset for those reversing taxable and deductible temporary differences in Years 4-6 are measured using the average graduated tax rate for the estimated amount of annual taxable income in future years. Thus, the average graduated tax rate will differ depending on the expected level of annual taxable income (including reversing temporary differences) in Years 4-6. The average tax rate will be: 1. a 15 percent if the estimated annual level of taxable income in Years 4-6 is $500 or less 2. b 20 percent if the estimated annual level of taxable income in Years 4-6 is $1,000 3. c 30 percent if the estimated annual level of taxable income in Years 4-6 is $2,000. ##### [740-10-55-138](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-138) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:923dde99206582ddf9c6da5d461a682512247b82021a0d312400992089946e6b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Temporary differences usually do not reverse in equal annual amounts as in the Example above, and a different average graduated tax rate might apply to reversals in different future years. However, a detailed analysis to determine the net reversals of temporary differences in each future year usually is not warranted. It is not warranted because the other variable (that is, taxable income or losses exclusive of reversing temporary differences in each of those future years) for determination of the average graduated tax rate in each future year is no more than an estimate. For that reason, an aggregate calculation using a single estimated average graduated tax rate based on estimated average annual taxable income in future years is sufficient. Judgment is permitted, however, to deal with unusual situations, for example, an abnormally large temporary difference that will reverse in a single future year, or an abnormal level of taxable income that is expected for a single future year. The lowest graduated tax rate should be used whenever the estimated average graduated tax rate otherwise would be zero. ##### [740-10-55-139](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-139) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a1524f80f14ae50db775673d846a01ba31700d8251982ef3809e8bcb03bf4639 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in paragraph [740-10-55-26](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-26) addressing when a tax is an income tax is illustrated using the following example. ##### [740-10-55-140](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-140) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:0310c111e82e41aa2fce4520e4bfc8c69e59096ee7f6f08a98ce6da6837a58e7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A state's franchise tax on each corporation is set at the greater of 0.25 percent of the corporation's net taxable capital and 4.5 percent of the corporation's net taxable earned surplus. Net taxable earned surplus is a term defined by the tax statute for federal taxable income. ##### [740-10-55-141](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-141) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:635f28e6cee8f143e17fa44bc083d0aecf6e4f5fca74c6af5bf04ad37197d8ad Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Example, the amount of franchise tax equal to the tax on the corporation's net taxable earned surplus is an income tax. ##### [740-10-55-142](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-142) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a39a447f88b69e6128e7de954126298d0bfc7766396b064e2c0c72a398e04f48 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are required to be recognized under this Subtopic for the temporary differences that exist as of the date of the statement of financial position using the tax rate to be applied to the corporation's net taxable earned surplus (4.5 percent). ##### [740-10-55-143](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-143) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1c12eb24cba8b03bad173fbd22459637f6cd9a5793d52da6597d7986cccbacb1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The portion of the total computed franchise tax that exceeds the amount equal to the tax on the corporation's net taxable earned surplus should not be presented as a component of income tax expense during any period in which the total computed franchise tax exceeds the amount equal to the tax on the corporation's net taxable earned surplus. ##### [740-10-55-144](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-144) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:5aa1d17336725e210a3044ac100c4346cec58e65e45482c6ee17a75b50647309 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. While the tax statutes of states or other jurisdictions differ, the accounting described in paragraphs [740-10-55-140 through 55-143](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-140) would be appropriate if the tax structure of another state or jurisdiction was essentially the same as in this Example. ##### [740-10-55-145](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-145) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:ecb8c9614c86bbb410e7cd2f16a1f47d89872c010b7ae058d1948d485b0d12fb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-55-27](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-27) introduces guidance relating to a special deduction for qualified production activities that may be available to an entity under the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004. ##### [740-10-55-146](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-146) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c16dd64050bdfe89f4ba166e9cb737049d438ebf9e32838db46b6feb62183d14 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates how an entity with a calendar year-end would apply paragraphs [740-10-25-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-37) and [740-10-35-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-4) to the qualified production activities deduction at December 31, 2004. In particular, this Example illustrates the methodology used to evaluate the qualified production activities deduction's effect on determining the need for a valuation allowance on an entity's existing net deferred tax assets. This Example intentionally is not comprehensive (for example, it excludes state and local taxes). ##### [740-10-55-147](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-147) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e5211edb43c879ced24f719fb7411810fb7bf732f5611090fada173af3920efa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example has the following assumptions: 1. a Expected taxable income (excluding the qualified production activities deduction and net operating loss carryforwards) for 2005: $21,000 2. b Expected qualified production activities income for 2005: $50,000 3. c Net operating loss carryforwards at December 31, 2004, which expire in 2005: $20,000 4. d Expected W-2 wages for 2005: $10,000 5. e Assumed statutory income tax rate: 35% 6. f Qualified production activities deduction: 3% of the lesser of qualified production activities income or taxable income (after deducting the net operating loss carryforwards); limited to 50% of W-2 wages: $30. ##### [740-10-55-148](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-148) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:7f9d3cb10ac47f28cedd3dc65b8ba45b271bbf0eea79d9dd344909cb12f19737 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Based on these assumptions, the entity would not recognize a valuation allowance for the net operating loss carryforwards at December 31, 2004, because expected taxable income in 2005 (after deducting the qualified production activities deduction) exceeds the net operating loss carryforwards, as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-FF169BBD-5E46-49F2-AB27-351FF563B898-low.gif) Analysis to compute the qualified production activities deduction Expected taxable income (excluding the qualified production activities deduction and net operating loss carryforwards) for the year 2005 " $21,000 " Less net operating loss carryforwards (a) " 20,000 " Expected taxable income (after deducting the net operating loss carryforwards) " $1,000 " Qualified production activities deduction $30 (a) "The Act requires that net operating loss carryforwards be deducted from the taxable income in determining the qualified production activities deduction. Therefore, the qualified production activities deduction will not result in a need for a valuation allowance for an entity's deferred tax asset for net operating loss carryforwards. However, certain types of tax credit carryforwards are not deducted in determining the qualified production activities deduction and, therefore, could require a valuation allowance." - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-822D1D46-FDD1-4CEC-83CB-72978CF5FE90-low.gif) Analysis to determine the effect of the qualified production activities deduction on the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets for the net operating loss carryforwards Expected taxable income after deducting the qualified production activities deduction " $20,970 " Net operating loss carryforwards " 20,000 " Expected taxable income exceeds the net operating loss carryforwards $970 ##### [740-10-55-149](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-149) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:d06598757f37fe74531f002bca00a2b6d512d1939f4738e7bf02f01ce280b6e7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [740-10-55-35 through 55-36](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-35) for recognition of the tax benefit of an operating loss in the loss year and in subsequent carryforward years when a valuation allowance is necessary in the loss year. This Example has the following assumptions: 1. a The enacted tax rate is 40 percent for all years. 2. b An operating loss occurs in Year 5. 3. c The only difference between financial and taxable income results from use of accelerated depreciation for tax purposes. Differences that arise between the reported amount and the tax basis of depreciable assets in Years 1-7 will result in taxable amounts before the end of the loss carryforward period from Year 5. 4. d Financial income, taxable income, and [taxes currently payable or refundable](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes-currently-payable-refundable "See Current Tax Expense (or Benefit).") are as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-18E66C28-8B40-4DD6-86C1-48FDDE0EF49F-low.gif) Year 1 Years 2-4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Pretax financial income (loss) " $2,000 " " $5,000 " " $(8,000)" " $2,200 " " $7,000 " Depreciation differences (800) " (2,200)" (800) (700) (600) Loss carryback - - " 2,800 " - - Loss carryforward - - - " (6,000)" " (4,500)" Taxable income (loss) " $1,200 " " $2,800 " " $(6,000)" " $(4,500)" " $1,900 " Taxes payable (refundable) $480 " $1,120 " " $(1,120)" $- $760 5. e At the end of Year 5, profits are not expected in Years 6 and 7 and later years, and it is concluded that a valuation allowance is necessary to the extent realization of the deferred tax asset for the operating loss carryforward depends on taxable income (exclusive of reversing temporary differences) in future years. ##### [740-10-55-150](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-150) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:140dade66eb1b96c5582b6d5b47198f97842c48084a39e116fb94f0cb1eb712e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The deferred tax liability for the taxable temporary differences is calculated at the end of each year as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-59539EA7-84A3-4263-82DF-DA1C8687BC57-low.gif) Year 1 Years 2-4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Unreversed differences: Beginning amount $- $800 " $3,000 " " $3,800 " " $4,500 " Additional amount 800 " 2,200 " 800 700 600 Total $800 " $3,000 " " $3,800 " " $4,500 " " $5,100 " Deferred tax liability (40 percent) $320 " $1,200 " " $1,520 " " $1,800 " " $2,040 " ##### [740-10-55-151](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-151) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:73466c406420df2d5baba59b33daca16169b7af412d0415330c942c128c588e3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The deferred tax asset and related valuation allowance for the loss carryforward are calculated at the end of each year as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-9A00BD42-3F11-411D-8561-79E3D9C344E7-low.gif) Year 1 Years 2-4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Loss carryforward for tax purposes $- $- " $6,000 " " $4,500 " $- Deferred tax asset (40 percent) $- $- " $2,400 " " $1,800 " $- Valuation allowance equal to the amount by which the deferred tax asset exceeds the deferred tax liability - - (880) - - Net deferred tax asset $- $- " $1,520 " " $1,800 " $- ##### [740-10-55-152](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-152) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:900f2d7b1c8d5de55d6515654dff29ee03625d165e94aa64661768ffbd949946 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Total tax expense for each period is as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-D8D4F479-4A5F-4FF6-923B-F3A5387A4658-low.gif) Year 1 Years 2-4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Deferred tax expense (benefit): Increase in deferred tax liability $320 $880 $320 $280 $240 (Increase) decrease in net deferred tax asset - - " (1,520)" (280) " 1,800 " 320 880 " (1,200)" - " 2,040 " Currently payable (refundable) 480 " 1,120 " " (1,120)" - 760 Total tax expense (benefit) $800 " $2,000 " " $(2,320)" $- " $2,800 " ##### [740-10-55-153](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-153) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:720abde4b67d794c161b7128dd834144280c3debe92292c0eddfbaf5e58d4846 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In Year 5, $2,800 of the loss is carried back to reduce taxable income in Years 2-4, and $1,120 of taxes paid for those years is refunded. In addition, a $1,520 deferred tax liability is recognized for $3,800 of taxable temporary differences, and a $2,400 deferred tax asset is recognized for the $6,000 loss carryforward. However, based on the conclusion described in paragraph [740-10-55-149(e)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-149), a valuation allowance is recognized for the amount by which that deferred tax asset exceeds the deferred tax liability. ##### [740-10-55-154](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-154) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:006bef1956431d48054094c1a534197c4b6a17e3a62e715b36fd4d114d5be799 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In Year 6, a portion of the deferred tax asset for the loss carryforward is realized because taxable income is earned in that year. The remaining balance of the deferred tax asset for the loss carryforward at the end of Year 6 equals the deferred tax liability for the taxable temporary differences. A valuation allowance is not needed. ##### [740-10-55-155](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-155) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:bfcdf97588222b14cff7d44fc991569dcf827d2ed1f570190ca4a1deae68e752 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In Year 7, the remaining balance of the loss carryforward is realized, and $760 of taxes are payable on net taxable income of $1,900. A $2,040 deferred tax liability is recognized for the $5,100 of taxable temporary differences. ##### [740-10-55-156](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-156) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f2f52198537b557c0fcffb73ccad15e3934717c0ea2cee351dcbeddfe82050d3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [740-10-55-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-37) for the interaction of loss carryforwards and temporary differences that will result in net deductible amounts in future years. This Example has the following assumptions: 1. a The financial loss and the loss reported on the tax return for an entity's first year of operations are the same. 2. b In Year 2, a gain of $2,500 from a transaction that is a sale for tax purposes but does not meet the sale recognition criteria for financial reporting purposes is the only difference between pretax financial income and taxable income. ##### [740-10-55-157](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-157) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:60adb5352bda6b520e7e7aa0bea92c7456ebe26de5b6a4a12df65ed591e8efc2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Financial and taxable income in this Example are as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-1F0CFBE1-CAFA-41E2-9BB8-8FE6E608DEBB-low.gif) Financial Income Taxable Income Year 1: Income (loss) from operations " $(4,000)" " $(4,000)" Year 2: Income (loss) from operations $- $- Taxable gain on sale " 2,500 " Taxable income before loss carryforward " 2,500 " Loss carryforward from Year 1 " (4,000)" Taxable income $- ##### [740-10-55-158](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-158) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:357f364a08ff9ded1c9ad3a0b6d7c870475a9e59904734d14b3142778b1ca06b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The $4,000 operating loss carryforward at the end of Year 1 is reduced to $1,500 at the end of Year 2 because $2,500 of it is used to reduce taxable income. The $2,500 reduction in the loss carryforward becomes $2,500 of deductible temporary differences that will reverse and result in future tax deductions when the sale occurs (that is, control of the asset transfers to the buyer-lessor). The entity has no deferred tax liability to be offset by those future tax deductions, the future tax deductions cannot be realized by loss carryback because no taxes have been paid, and the entity has had pretax losses for financial reporting since inception. Unless positive evidence exists that is sufficient to overcome the negative evidence associated with those losses, a valuation allowance is recognized at the end of Year 2 for the full amount of the deferred tax asset related to the $2,500 of deductible temporary differences and the remaining $1,500 of operating loss carryforward. ##### [740-10-55-159](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-159) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:8e2c35ba4b6fca54229a8d5cb01bdc4a10c70b74dd6a4bf4de64b2dab2d49973 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [740-10-55-44](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-44) for recognition of a deferred tax asset based on the expected effect of a qualifying tax-planning strategy when a significant expense would be incurred to implement the strategy. This Example has the following assumptions: 1. a A $900 operating loss carryforward expires at the end of next year. 2. b Based on historical results and the weight of other available evidence, the estimated level of taxable income exclusive of the future reversal of existing temporary differences and the operating loss carryforward next year is $100. 3. c Taxable temporary differences in the amount of $1,200 ordinarily would result in taxable amounts of approximately $400 in each of the next 3 years. 4. d There is a qualifying tax-planning strategy to accelerate the future reversal of all $1,200 of taxable temporary differences to next year. 5. e Estimated legal and other expenses to implement that tax-planning strategy are $150. 6. f The enacted tax rate is 40 percent for all years. ##### [740-10-55-160](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-160) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1414e00e138c9711699d6f3293bd049e93823aab3432a06c97471dc62a5693a1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Without the tax-planning strategy, only $500 of the $900 operating loss carryforward could be realized next year by offsetting $100 of taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and $400 of reversing taxable temporary differences. The other $400 of operating loss carryforward would expire unused at the end of next year. Therefore, the $360 deferred tax asset ($900 at 40 percent) would be offset by a $160 valuation allowance ($400 at 40 percent), and a $200 net deferred tax asset would be recognized for the operating loss carryforward. ##### [740-10-55-161](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-161) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:236be6af9006bdbc1dce41d3b9433f671be6d383c21923066046afb9c5e122c3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. With the tax-planning strategy, the $900 operating loss carryforward could be applied against $1,300 of taxable income next year ($100 of taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and $1,200 of reversing taxable temporary differences). The $360 deferred tax asset is reduced by a $90 valuation allowance recognized for the net-of-tax expenses necessary to implement the tax-planning strategy. The amount of that valuation allowance is determined as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-4BD3DB6E-12A6-45DF-A7AB-A02B7C6CE7CF-low.gif) Legal and other expenses to implement the tax-planning strategy $150 Future tax benefit of those legal and other expenses—$150 at 40 percent 60 $90 ##### [740-10-55-162](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-162) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:dd9828bbd000407409a79345d3774b8299571d429d48ad37a3f9dd56fe3691c4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In summary, a $480 deferred tax liability is recognized for the $1,200 of taxable temporary differences, a $360 deferred tax asset is recognized for the $900 operating loss carryforward, and a $90 valuation allowance is recognized for the net-of-tax expenses of implementing the tax-planning strategy. ##### [740-10-55-163](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-163) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f8f1706664df4acc100eea21f28e2631d65ed4c980b59674b1380540cd2a5e77 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [740-10-55-39 through 55-48](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-39) relating to tax-planning strategies. An entity might identify several qualifying tax-planning strategies that would either reduce or eliminate the need for a valuation allowance for a deferred tax asset. For example, assume that an entity's required valuation allowance would be reduced $5,000 based on Strategy A, $7,000 based on Strategy B, and $12,000 based on both strategies. The entity may not recognize the effect of one of those strategies in the current year and postpone recognition of the effect of the other strategy to a later year. ##### [740-10-55-164](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-164) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:ef65f1184fda26626e39beed5adbff2ee91098503a5bba7f3449ba14b5febdc6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The entity should recognize the effect of both tax-planning strategies and reduce the valuation allowance by $12,000 at the end of the current year. Paragraph [740-10-30-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-19) provides guidance on tax-planning strategies and establishes the requirement that strategies meeting the criteria set forth in that paragraph shall be considered in determining the required valuation allowance. ##### [740-10-55-165](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-165) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:bf152281835f65100c6c10d55b17fcb39fa0e8805ddbedcb87cdb5d8a97d3bba Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-55-54](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-54) introduces guidance relating to a nontaxable subsidy that may be available to an entity under the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003. This Example illustrates that guidance. ##### [740-10-55-166](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-166) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:179b90eb946e91bea75e2f14bc9d1f5a3b3cfe702ee1497b91c557046b62becb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Before the accounting for the effects of the Act, an employer's carrying amount of accrued postretirement benefit cost (the amount recognized in the statement of financial position) is $100 for a noncontributory, unfunded prescription drug benefit plan with only inactive participants who are not yet eligible to collect benefits. Assuming a tax rate of 35 percent and no corresponding tax basis for the accrued postretirement benefit cost, the employer would report a $35 deferred tax asset related to that $100 deductible temporary difference. Because the employer has a policy of amortizing gains and losses under paragraph [715-60-35-29](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-35-29), upon recognition of a $28 actuarial gain resulting from the estimate of the expected subsidy, neither the carrying amount of accrued postretirement benefit cost nor the deferred tax asset would change. Subsequently, ignoring interest on the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation (which includes interest on the subsidy), as the actuarial gain related to the subsidy is amortized as a component of net periodic postretirement benefit cost, the carrying amount of accrued postretirement cost would be reduced. However, the associated temporary difference and deferred tax asset would remain unchanged. That is, after the gain related to the subsidy is amortized in its entirety, the carrying amount of accrued postretirement benefit cost would be $72, and the deferred tax asset would remain at $35. ##### [740-10-55-167](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-167) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:073ea7431634a985086e9f0d8d00779c061577446466600f14b3cc96f66d10fb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For purposes of simplicity, this Example ignores complexities regarding the amount and timing of the subsidies reflected in the carrying amount of accrued postretirement benefit cost arising from any of the following: 1. a Netting gains and losses and application of the corridor amortization approach described in paragraph [715-60-35-29](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/715/60/#715-60-35-29) 2. b Recognition of additional subsidies through amortization of prior service costs that include effects of the subsidy 3. c Reduction in future service and interest costs. Those complexities must be considered in determining the temporary difference on which the deferred tax effects under this Topic will be based. ##### [740-10-55-168](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-168) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:8eceda4a14066ce2c7c1faf8dc9e2cad2733b572536039190aa1405fe69b0dfd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates an entity's change from taxable C corporation status to nontaxable S corporation status, in accordance with the guidance provided in paragraph [740-10-55-65](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-65). This Example has the following assumptions: 1. a An entity's S corporation election is effective for calendar-year 1990 and that at the conversion date its assets comprise marketable securities, finished goods inventory, and depreciable assets as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-0B8C641B-9870-4C95-83A3-525F975DBB69-low.gif) Fair Market Value Tax Basis Reported Amount Temporary Differences Topic 740 Built-in Gain (Loss) Marketable securities $90 $100 $80 $(20) $(10) "Inventory, (first-in first-out \[FIFO\])" 100 50 100 50 50 Depreciable assets 95 80 90 10 10 $285 $230 $270 $40 $50 2. b The entity has no tax loss or credit carryforwards available to offset the built-in gains. 3. c The depreciable assets will be recovered by use in operations (and, therefore, will not result in a taxable amount pursuant to the tax law applied to built-in gains). 4. d The marketable securities will be sold in the same year that the [inventory](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#inventory "The aggregate of those items of tangible personal property that have any of the following characteristics: Held for sale in the ordinary course of business In process of production for such sale To be currently consumed in the production of goods or services to be available for sale. The term inventory embraces goods awaiting sale (the merchandise of a trading concern and the finished goods of a manufacturer), goods in the course of production (work in process), and goods to be consumed directly or indirectly in production (raw materials and supplies). This definition of inventories excludes long-term assets subject to depreciation accounting, or goods which, when put into use, will be so classified. The fact that a depreciable asset is retired from regular use and held for sale does not indicate that the item should be classified as part of the inventory. Raw materials and supplies purchased for production may be used or consumed for the construction of long-term assets or other purposes not related to production, but the fact that inventory items representing a small portion of the total may not be absorbed ultimately in the production process does not require separate classification. By trade practice, operating materials and supplies of certain types of entities such as oil producers are usually treated as inventory.") is sold, the $50 built-in gain on the inventory is reduced by the $10 built-in loss on the marketable securities, and $40 would be taxed in the year that the inventory turns over and the securities are sold. Accordingly, the entity should continue to display in its statement of financial position a deferred tax liability for that $40 net taxable amount. ##### [740-10-55-169](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-169) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a56a0361f01bba107c268eadeadcd7d1a4c59bf944c6ff96f0bf3acd31f28e6d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. At subsequent financial statement dates until the end of the 10 years following the conversion date, the entity should remeasure the deferred tax liability for net built-in gains based on the provisions of the tax law. Deferred tax expense (or benefit) should be recognized for any change in that deferred tax liability. ##### [740-10-55-170](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-170) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1778aea75090a029f2f94dfd522f7489aa2c4c5db9ba140bd7474d390a880f67 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51) addresses the accounting when an asset is acquired outside of a business combination and the tax basis of the asset differs from the amount paid. The following Cases illustrate the required accounting for purchase transactions that are not accounted for as business combinations in the following circumstances: 1. a The amount paid is less than the tax basis of the asset (Case A). 2. b The amount paid is more than the tax basis of the asset (Case B). 3. c The transaction results in a deferred credit (Case C). 4. d A deferred credit is created by a financial asset (Case D). 5. e [Subparagraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). 6. f The result is a purchase of future tax benefits (Case F). ##### [740-10-55-171](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-171) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a9c1b6742312715c898d28592da74124c13630e1a3e20f55fe4d9b9898d1ba28 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case illustrates an asset purchase that is not a business combination in which the amount paid differs from the tax basis of the asset (tax basis is greater). ##### [740-10-55-172](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-172) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e3ea73b44f7794214ec1280f040e5b52b7b7fb28ad8a5706fe69e3660b919914 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As an incentive for acquiring specific types of equipment in certain sectors, a foreign jurisdiction permits a deduction, for tax purposes, of an amount in excess of the cost of the acquired asset. To illustrate, assume that Entity A purchases a machine for $100 and its tax basis is automatically increased to $150. Upon sale of the asset, there is no recapture of the extra tax deduction. The tax rate is 35 percent. ##### [740-10-55-173](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-173) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:ac8f2cd176114fe0fe4c62b133575b53f4affbad33b578cd8f8e1b84f927c031 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In accordance with paragraph [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51), the amounts assigned to the equipment and the related deferred tax asset should be determined using the simultaneous equations method as follows (where FBB is Final Book Basis; CPP is Cash Purchase Price; and DTA is Deferred Tax Asset): - Equation A (determine the final book basis of the equipment): - FBB - \[Tax Rate × (FBB - Tax Basis)\] = CPP - Equation B (determine the amount assigned to the deferred tax asset): - (Tax Basis - FBB) × Tax Rate = DTA. ##### [740-10-55-174](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-174) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:ef54abad2e661a118a1d5694e9b82fa8cebffe7ae6548b6331209647951e6196 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, the following variables are known: 1. a Tax Basis = $150 2. b Tax Rate = 35 percent 3. c CPP = $100. ##### [740-10-55-175](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-175) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:5b23da6deac2d03d9efc64e203052e1962ed0218182fbe5b368ba75e9184a7e3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The unknown variables (FBB and DTA) are solved as follows: - Equation A: FBB = $73 - Equation B: DTA = $27. ##### [740-10-55-176](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-176) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:74dd5f1d2f7cdfaa3cbe2c04c81941902709a0721884e51d48434a9b83bc935b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Accordingly, the entity would record the following journal entry. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-A8A2528D-9BD1-4AB6-AE0D-06087B4B51B0-low.gif) Equipment $73 Deferred tax asset 27 Cash $100 ##### [740-10-55-177](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-177) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:21cf55e08353ebaa924cdd29ebeda1cb10d33fdea4b1426d944391b03058c910 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case illustrates an asset purchase that is not a business combination in which the amount paid differs from the tax basis of the asset (tax basis is less). ##### [740-10-55-178](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-178) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:81363824efbc73314d6d6acedb9f717e3660de0f787e3cb41296babbceb672ba Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Assume that an entity pays $1,000,000 for the stock of an entity in a nontaxable acquisition (that is, carryover basis for tax purposes). The acquired entity's sole asset is a Federal Communications Commission (FCC) license that has a tax basis of zero. Since the acquisition of the entity is in substance the acquisition of an FCC license, no goodwill is recognized. A deferred tax liability would need to be recorded for the temporary difference (in this Case, the entire $1,000,000 plus the tax-on-tax effect from increasing the carrying amount of the FCC license acquired) related to the FCC license. The tax rate is 35 percent. ##### [740-10-55-179](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-179) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e0258fa0a1ded990e2424f81e29245f0c9aaa0edf0b1481cc54a52b20aee99dc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In accordance with paragraph [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51), the amounts assigned to the FCC license and the related deferred tax liability should be determined using the simultaneous equations method as follows (where FBB is Final Book Basis; CPP is Cash Purchase Price; and DTL is Deferred Tax Liability): - Equation A (determine the FBB of the FCC license): - FBB - \[Tax Rate × (FBB - Tax Basis)\] = CPP - Equation B (determine the amount assigned to the DTL): - (FBB - Tax Basis) × Tax Rate = DTL. ##### [740-10-55-180](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-180) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:2561227c247b273931aeb507146c30c08179b9226ab02b3145b96b7bfd7ccf9f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, the following variables are known: 1. a Tax Basis = $0 2. b Tax Rate = 35 percent 3. c CPP = $1,000,000. ##### [740-10-55-181](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-181) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:4cccdf7c638865e7a3756a5dbf2ee546e10c97309e4f64698460415e95b749f6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The unknown variables (FBB and DTL) are solved as follows: - Equation A: FBB = $1,538,462 - Equation B: DTL = $538,462. ##### [740-10-55-182](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-182) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:150579b08a9d0e5ce1f1864d1c854f05a9aef2891828345d167fcbd8b7c87001 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Accordingly, the entity would record the following journal entry. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-D4F37AD4-2DE2-4CBC-BB5F-BCA9E31FC4D3-low.gif) FCC license " $1,538,462 " Deferred tax liability " $538,462 " Cash " $1,000,000 " ##### [740-10-55-183](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-183) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:edfd45d90bb35c359718cf9e5d79a60d07f2f17adcb57fbcaf821aa2f95d3c58 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case provides an illustration of a transaction that results in a deferred credit. ##### [740-10-55-184](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-184) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:9d439c40cc5cc2da3a6d966027b02adc88d247ec726459609f09bf3cda5d7c8d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A buys a machine for $50 with a tax basis of $200. The tax rate is 35 percent. ##### [740-10-55-185](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-185) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:db0318f504d263bd44f07d6f2ab19945f43776dd59db586ff1b1ad69921e42f1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In accordance with paragraph [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51), the amounts assigned to the machine and the deferred tax asset should be determined using the simultaneous equations method as follows (where FBB is Final Book Basis; CPP is Cash Purchase Price; and DTA is Deferred Tax Asset): - Equation A (determine the FBB of the machine): - FBB - \[Tax Rate × (FBB - Tax Basis)\] = CPP - Equation B (determine the amount assigned to the DTA): - (Tax Basis - FBB) × Tax Rate = DTA. ##### [740-10-55-186](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-186) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:7d5b6783d7c7f2d706dcd3ac1504eb24b09fbcd6c34646dcd84c3f53125542be Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, the following variables are known: 1. a Tax Basis = $200 2. b Tax Rate = 35 percent 3. c CPP = $50. ##### [740-10-55-187](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-187) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:fcda7b0728e8c8591d49f0443c8eb079ddb88b5c4e3ba196e7a16622b4fcb098 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The unknown variables (FBB and DTA) are solved as follows: - Equation A: FBB = $(31). However, because the FBB cannot be less than zero, the FBB is recorded at zero. - Equation B: DTA = $70. ##### [740-10-55-188](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-188) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:25b37560b75bff97267de3d55f8c8baf56c5fc8ac017901c14ac9cc6a8069dae Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The excess of the amount assigned to the deferred tax asset over the cash purchase price paid for the machine is recorded as a deferred credit. Accordingly, the entity would record the following journal entry. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-88038B08-475D-4C36-A991-32E83DB904BC-low.gif) Machine $- Deferred tax asset 70 Deferred credit $20 Cash $50 ##### [740-10-55-189](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-189) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e61c93258f6a3d5248dc7703cd9a43d28d26907dad1ba11a94622c975df472e4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case provides an illustration of a deferred credit created by the acquisition of a financial asset. ##### [740-10-55-190](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-190) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:312fe2003c74e620d8cbc5d2c8d172d8b4798331537a1127aa211b44a1d6b944 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A acquires the stock of another corporation for $250. The principal asset of the corporation is a marketable equity security with a readily determinable fair value of $200 and a tax basis of $500. The tax rate is 35 percent. The acquired entity has no operations and so the acquisition is accounted for as an asset purchase and not as a business combination. ##### [740-10-55-191](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-191) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:ff55a15380243344a6edc146256c403024be487a215d1c1c2df2ea49607430ed Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In accordance with paragraph [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51), the acquired financial asset should be recognized at fair value, and a deferred tax asset should be recorded at the amount required by this Subtopic. The excess of the fair value of the financial asset and the deferred tax asset recorded over the cash purchase price should be recorded as a deferred credit. Accordingly, the entity would record the following journal entry. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-E3F14D63-A1E8-440C-8846-5517E2AFAA6B-low.gif) Marketable equity security $200 Deferred tax asset (300 x .35) 105 Deferred credit $55 Cash $250 ##### [740-10-55-192](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-192) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:71475369475e35e88424789ea3283dbdbad76a8cd30a52c2686dff8bf9095da3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [740-10-55-193](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-193) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:10f5acbfb563090f362e4d2255cfc5063b9572584a95e4ac74a93f0fc88118aa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [740-10-55-194](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-194) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:322b5a97d8bdd2351371d174bc802fb5d5effca4ede23181ac9ab26559e2a731 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [740-10-55-195](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-195) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:92cbe656e76aedb72e306990ef36c01690a28c3433cd4d304ebcf6887e9d39f1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [740-10-55-196](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-196) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:393c11e9c2ef53f278bac4810acd28a6007b48f5e7aaa28548fdb13cbb8f1d5f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [740-10-55-197](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-197) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c540a70cac568f794d72868880ca69ab56175521b1369b787657944e0c4b3d4a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [740-10-55-198](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-198) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:95b8ff4ce3e269f4b26563c5441a5cade4df43dd688bb2ce2d2492d025ecf1ab Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [740-10-55-199](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-199) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e25bc96b0ae8ad968d1f218ef1ef1ed13879b6486e3650117fb39b0d034162ea Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case provides an illustration of the purchase of future tax benefits. ##### [740-10-55-200](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-200) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:5589ce4cacb612439d5dec67f16b8cb5ecba2c0e58c0c12ed19453897aa91ab8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A foreign entity that has nominal assets other than its net operating loss carryforwards is acquired by a foreign subsidiary of a U.S. entity for the specific purpose of utilizing the net operating loss carryforwards (this type of transaction is often referred to as a tax loss acquisition). It is presumed that this transaction does not constitute a business combination, since the acquired entity has no operations and is merely a shell entity. As a result of the time value of money and because the target entity is in financial difficulty and has ceased operations, the foreign subsidiary is able to acquire the shell entity at a discount from the amount corresponding to the gross deferred tax asset for the net operating loss carryforwards. Assume, for example, that $2,000,000 is paid for net operating loss carryforwards having a deferred tax benefit of $5,000,000 for which it is more likely than not that the full benefit will be realized. The tax rate is 35 percent. ##### [740-10-55-201](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-201) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:484304497103cdb73fd158c5e4eee17302e92fe138450577821933351f69de1d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In accordance with paragraph [740-10-25-51](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-51), the amount assigned to the deferred tax asset should be recorded at its gross amount (in accordance with this Subtopic) and the excess of the amount assigned to the deferred tax asset over the purchase price should be recorded as a deferred credit as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-65BB39D8-FF92-43AD-B364-A367D52C5414-low.gif) Deferred tax asset " $5,000,000 " Deferred credit " $3,000,000 " Cash " $2,000,000 " ##### [740-10-55-202](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-202) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f957c55ce054c7a2ac167abac41e596c7ae2cbdba76ebe33290f9d2a69636207 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Guidance is provided on various types of payments made to taxing authorities in paragraphs [740-10-55-67 through 55-75](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-67) . This Example illustrates one possible payment situation. ##### [740-10-55-203](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-203) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:376f61f62229ea651824d57125f761fcb7646060999fef761eb5f8bbd825bfbb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Example, tax laws in a foreign country enable corporate taxpayers to elect to step up the tax basis for certain fixed assets ($1,000,000) to fair value ($2,000,000) in exchange for a current payment to the government of 3 percent of the step-up ($30,000). An entity would be expected to avail itself of this election (and make the upfront payment) as long as it believed that it was likely that it would be able to utilize the additional deductions (at a tax rate of 35 percent) that were created as a result of the step-up to reduce future taxable income and that the timing and amount of the resulting future tax savings justified the current payment. (For purposes of this Example, it is assumed that the transaction that accomplishes this step-up for tax purposes does not create a taxable temporary difference. A taxable temporary difference would exist, for example, if the tax benefit associated with the transaction with the governmental taxing authority becomes taxable in certain situations, such as those described in paragraph [830-740-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-7).) ##### [740-10-55-204](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-204) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:8704a55bfc9d6ef421d0175bcdc60585ea95fa1982751c15691f0280320bed30 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Example, the tax effects of transactions directly with a taxing authority are recorded directly in income as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-6678CF00-8D6F-491F-80B7-D355BAEC321D-low.gif) Deferred tax asset " $350,000 " Deferred income tax benefit " $320,000 " Cash " $30,000 " ##### [740-10-55-205](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-205) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:d13aec448a56e3ecb29ab202d675bf4e4954dbb912b2eae7d232c80145ebbccf Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-55-206](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-206) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:7927d77a92f4c1bbff94fc6a708beaec57c68c9a9da24fdb667bad0b671ea50b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-55-207](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-207) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:09a74ef8a897de59eba87bc89fda7f4fc66e5fc7d339d852cf7524b41ae459ec Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-55-208](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-208) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:a22eafa6835017777b815f4cecbb267af77242db706879b3e4f3f12fcd1e8d1f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-55-209](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-209) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:743121d1ea2e03a67c8014a1d22e5cfbe8282bfbee3a4f0666cb7d32aea59223 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-55-210](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-210) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:826b15708d82f74c22fef2f69bdb6512637d9bed148f537952cd7e8032b029bb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-55-211](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-211) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:ea87cae750e57797e5245ad31cf116c26b69b3fa463f05c55f033ad727d6e45b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-17/). ##### [740-10-55-212](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-212) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:d14d24699e26ddfcce150667db6cbf59daf1c0ec34f321be5e77e443578c201e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-55-79](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-79) provides guidance on satisfying the required disclosure of the significant components of income taxes and identifies three acceptable approaches illustrated in this Example: 1. a The gross method (Case A) 2. b The net method (Case B) 3. c The statutory tax rate reconciliation method (Case C). ##### [740-10-55-213](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-213) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:df49bae831e09662d5c67b2d76181ee82d38a2a3e63b9a8d9269d110d532f14e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Cases A, B, and C share the following assumptions: 1. a An entity has $1,588 of taxable income and $100 of investment tax credits for the current year. The $100 deferred tax asset for $295 of operating loss carryforwards was fully reserved at the beginning of the current year. 2. b Pretax financial income from continuing operations is $5,000. 3. c Income tax expense from continuing operations is $1,500. 4. d Effective tax rate is 30%. 5. e Statutory tax rate is 34%. ##### [740-10-55-214](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-214) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:b54176fcf53c7a5ff791eb7630bfb999290ea466a37a968738b2fb87f6d3e7e5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The first acceptable approach, illustrated as follows, to disclosure of components of income tax expense from continuing operations is referred to as the gross method. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-BA45BD2F-F8FE-4AFE-89CF-8079EAE449BC-low.gif) Current Deferred Tax expense before application of investment tax credits and operating loss carryforwards $540 " $1,160 " Investment tax credits (100) - Tax benefit of operating loss carryforwards (100) - Tax expense from continuing operations $340 " $1,160 " ##### [740-10-55-215](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-215) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e80e257f4894b69d7a12d0aa7207297ff992ec6eaef4398047a03352912668aa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The second acceptable approach, illustrated as follows, to disclosure of components of income tax expense from continuing operations is referred to as the net method. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-DDEB0BF6-D4A8-4AB0-AD1D-F2A49355B4F3-low.gif) Current tax expense (net of $100 investment tax credits and $100 tax benefit of operating loss carryforwards) $340 Deferred tax expense " 1,160 " Tax expense from continuing operations " $1,500 " ##### [740-10-55-216](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-216) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:65c71a9d7c6de5af755457b4a9f0839adc17acce2a74810701bad6f4d338a2ec Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The third acceptable approach, illustrated as follows, to disclosure of components of income tax expense from continuing operations is referred to as the statutory tax rate reconciliation method. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-439E5487-E59C-487B-A990-CF6A69395D20-low.gif) Current tax expense $340 Deferred tax expense " 1,160 " Tax expense from continuing operations " $1,500 " Tax expense at statutory rate " $1,700 " Benefit of investment tax credits (100) Benefit of operating loss carryforwards (100) Tax expense from continuing operations " $1,500 " ##### [740-10-55-217](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-217) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:727280715a5e573ae1a0b53cde8f80abed27da4c50ad2baece745525be860393 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [740-10-50-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-15) for disclosures about uncertainty in income taxes. - The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 20X1. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) commenced an examination of the Company's U.S. income tax returns for 20X2 through 20X4 in the first quarter of 20X7 that is anticipated to be completed by the end of 20X8. As of December 31, 20X7, the IRS has proposed certain significant adjustments to the Company's transfer pricing and research credits tax positions. Management is currently evaluating those proposed adjustments to determine if it agrees, but if accepted, the Company does not anticipate the adjustments would result in a material change to its financial position. However, the Company anticipates that it is reasonably possible that an additional payment in the range of $80 to $100 million will be made by the end of 20X8. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-E5D200DE-EF36-414C-B1B8-ACB8C2891915-low.gif) 20X7 20X6 20X5 (in thousands) Balance at January 1 " $370,000 " " 380,000 " " 415,000 " Additions based on tax positions related to the current year " 10,000 " " 5,000 " " 10,000 " Additions/Reductions for tax positions of prior years " 30,000 " " 10,000 " " 5,000 " Reductions for tax positions of prior years " (60,000)" " (20,000)" " (30,000)" Settlements " (40,000)" " (5,000)" " (20,000)" Balance at December 31 " $310,000 " " 370,000 " " 380,000 " - At December 31, 20X7, 20X6, and 20X5, there are $60, $55, and $40 million of unrecognized tax benefits that if recognized would affect the annual effective tax rate. - The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in operating expenses. During the years ended December 31, 20X7, 20X6, and 20X5, the Company recognized approximately $10, $11, and $12 million in interest and penalties. The Company had approximately $60 and $50 million for the payment of interest and penalties accrued at December 31, 20X7, and 20X6, respectively. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [740-10-50-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-15) for disclosures about uncertainty in income taxes. - The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 20X1. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) commenced an examination of the Company's U.S. income tax returns for 20X2 through 20X4 in the first quarter of 20X7 that is anticipated to be completed by the end of 20X8. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-E5D200DE-EF36-414C-B1B8-ACB8C2891915-low.gif) 20X7 20X6 20X5 (in thousands) Balance at January 1 " $370,000 " " 380,000 " " 415,000 " Additions based on tax positions related to the current year " 10,000 " " 5,000 " " 10,000 " Additions/Reductions for tax positions of prior years " 30,000 " " 10,000 " " 5,000 " Reductions for tax positions of prior years " (60,000)" " (20,000)" " (30,000)" Settlements " (40,000)" " (5,000)" " (20,000)" Balance at December 31 " $310,000 " " 370,000 " " 380,000 " - At December 31, 20X7, 20X6, and 20X5, there are $60, $55, and $40 million of unrecognized tax benefits that if recognized would affect the annual effective tax rate. - The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in operating expenses. During the years ended December 31, 20X7, 20X6, and 20X5, the Company recognized approximately $10, $11, and $12 million in interest and penalties. The Company had approximately $60 and $50 million for the payment of interest and penalties accrued at December 31, 20X7, and 20X6, respectively. ##### [740-10-55-218](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-218) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:455b95784406cd0daaf8adfe9aa3baaaf7c7d82c459cc43b060090d10bb5f72a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [275-10-50-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/275/10/#275-10-50-8) for disclosure relating to the realizability estimates of a deferred tax asset. ##### [740-10-55-219](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-219) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f65e22e8709da38a715c85834053f108d442cc6e4c9b721694ee3c7216e8c35b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Example, Entity A develops, manufactures, and markets limited-use vaccines. The entity has a dominant share of the narrow market it serves. As of December 31, 19X4, the entity has no temporary differences and has aggregate loss carryforwards of $12 million that originated in prior years and that expire in varying amounts between 19X5 and 19X7. As of December 31, 19X4, the entity has a deferred tax asset of $4.8 million that represents the benefit of the remaining $12 million in loss carryforwards, and it has concluded at that date that a valuation allowance is unnecessary. The loss carryforwards arose during the entity's development stage when it incurred high levels of research and development expenses prior to commencing sales. While the entity has earned, on average, $6 million income before tax (taxable income before carryforwards) in each of the last 5 years, future profitability in this competitive industry depends on continually developing new products. The entity has a number of promising new vaccines under development, but it is aware that other entities recently began testing vaccines that would compete with the vaccines being developed by the entity as well as products that will compete with the vaccines that are currently generating the entity's profits. Rapid introduction of competing products or failure of the entity's development efforts could reduce estimates of future profitability in the near term, which could affect the entity's ability to fully utilize its loss carryforward. ##### [740-10-55-220](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-220) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:47561004c4dbc5412623f5157a052e0f0e9bfe3729e75cfb34696dc6c9ceb843 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Illustrative disclosure for the entity follows. - The entity has recorded a deferred tax asset of $4.8 million reflecting the benefit of $12 million in loss carryforwards, which expire in varying amounts between 19X5 and 19X7. Realization is dependent on generating sufficient taxable income prior to expiration of the loss carryforwards. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax asset will be realized. The amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period are reduced. ##### [740-10-55-221](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-221) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:637e2b00dd393613a30b6b822fc1d2e53ff449344cd0be5009744a3df11734d5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In addition to other disclosures, information as to the amount of loss carryforwards and their expiration dates and the amount of any valuation allowance with respect to the recorded deferred tax asset is required under this Subtopic. ##### [740-10-55-222](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-222) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:d74868c192559117993298d96db6c5165c37752f9f6037597ecc269330c62445 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The disclosure in this Example informs users that: 1. a Realization of the deferred tax asset depends on achieving a certain minimum level of future taxable income within the next three years. 2. b Although management currently believes that achievement of the required future taxable income is more likely than not, it is at least reasonably possible that this belief could change in the near term, resulting in establishment of a valuation allowance. ##### [740-10-55-223](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-223) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:1b90beee6a6f70175b5d4d5c79baf4f4431b86c55fe11e1a95e47bb5cdc27827 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A has sales in Jurisdiction S but no physical presence. Management has reviewed the nexus rules for filing a return in Jurisdiction S and must determine whether filing a tax return in Jurisdiction S is required. In evaluating the tax position to file a tax return, management should consider all relevant sources of tax law. The evaluation of nexus has to be made for all jurisdictions where Entity A might be subject to income taxes. Each of these evaluations is a separate tax position that is subject to the recognition, measurement, and disclosure requirements of this Subtopic. ##### [740-10-55-224](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-224) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:d8f59633d946488148d2d9d707557ed19fe42fa6444ca6e9a7a9b589e18d1934 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity S converted to an S Corporation from a C Corporation effective January 1, 20X0. In 20X7, Entity S disposed of assets subject to built-in gains and reported a tax liability on its 20X7 tax returns. Tax positions to consider related to the built-in gains tax include, but are not limited to: 1. a Whether other assets were sold subject to the built-in gains tax 2. b Whether the income associated with the calculation of the taxable amount of the built-in gains is correct 3. c Whether the basis associated with the built-in gains calculation is correct. It should be noted that whether or not Entity S is subject to the built-in gains tax also is a tax position subject to the provisions of this Subtopic. ##### [740-10-55-225](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-225) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:0490846d12759d10d91af2839118e27908c50d32591e7dcda91d3fe7431c30fd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity N, a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity, enters into transactions that may be subject to income tax on unrelated business income. Tax positions to consider include but are not limited to: 1. a Entity N's characterization of its activities as related or unrelated to its exempt purpose 2. b Entity N's allocation of revenue between activities that relate to its exempt purpose and those that are allocated to unrelated business income 3. c The allocation of Entity N's expenses between activities that relate to its exempt purpose and those that are allocated to unrelated business activities. Even if Entity N were not subject to income taxes on unrelated business income, it still has a tax position of whether it qualifies as a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity. ##### [740-10-55-226](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-226) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:db6e75ac711e683ce527255e06d381de1e56b6d002a2d04d44d14ca103d7f77d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A, a partnership with two partners—Partner 1 and Partner 2—has nexus in Jurisdiction J. Jurisdiction J assesses an income tax on Entity A and allows Partners 1 and 2 to file a tax return and use their pro rata share of Entity A's income tax payment as a credit (that is, payment against the tax liability of the owners). Because the owners may file a tax return and utilize Entity A's payment as a payment against their personal income tax, the income tax would be attributed to the owners by Jurisdiction J's laws whether or not the owners file an income tax return. Because the income tax has been attributed to the owners, payments to Jurisdiction J for income taxes should be treated as a transaction with the owners. The result would not change even if there were an agreement between Entity A and its two partners requiring Entity A to reimburse Partners 1 and 2 for any taxes the partners may owe to Jurisdiction J. This is because attribution is based on the laws and regulations of the taxing authority rather than on obligations imposed by agreements between an entity and its owners. ##### [740-10-55-227](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-227) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f3bb39fcb5b78d35a0004a7c9143f706d669bd747d882e933ae4c1c07fc47fbd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If the fact pattern in paragraph [740-10-55-226](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-226) changed such that Jurisdiction J has no provision for the owners to file tax returns and the laws and regulations of Jurisdiction J do not indicate that the payments are made on behalf of Partners 1 and 2, income taxes are attributed to Entity A on the basis of Jurisdiction J's laws and are accounted for based on the guidance in this Subtopic. ##### [740-10-55-228](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-228) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:f5249b121490468410f42042e2998272d19c7c0b1706393ea6643f85cc23b18a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity S, an S Corporation, files a tax return in Jurisdiction J. An analysis of the laws and regulations of Jurisdiction J indicates that Jurisdiction J can hold Entity S and its owners jointly and severally liable for payment of income taxes. The laws and regulations also indicate that if payment is made by Entity S, the payments are made on behalf of the owners. Because the laws and regulations attribute the income tax to the owners regardless of who pays the tax, any payments to Jurisdiction J for income taxes should be treated as a transaction with its owners. ##### [740-10-55-229](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-229) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:d6bdfcd9488775527c873197bd0b63a2c7d13edb99e78085082fea2c2922c204 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entity A, a partnership with 2 partners, owns a 100 percent interest in Entity B and is required to issue consolidated financial statements. Entity B is a taxable entity that has unrecognized tax positions and a related liability for unrecognized tax benefits. Because entities within a consolidated or combined group should consider the tax positions of all entities within the group regardless of the tax status of the reporting entity, Entity A should include in its financial statements the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of both Entity A and Entity B, including those relating to the implementation of this Subtopic to Entity B. This is required even though Entity A is a pass-through entity. ##### [740-10-55-230](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-230) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:657886e2905ca551adfaabca407c92612c4165533530a543ecd3091476cf98e6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)The following Cases illustrate the rate reconciliation disclosure for a public business entity (Case A) and for an entity other than a public business entity (Case B). ##### [740-10-55-231](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-231) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:e8647834bf31391160dcd505020b63079f9af0e09b2ee78f0a009c48aa01ebd0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)The following illustrates the specific categories and the reconciling items disclosed by a public business entity in its tabular rate reconciliation in accordance with paragraphs [740-10-50-12A through 50-12B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-12A) . The entity is domiciled in the United States and presents comparative financial statements. For the disclosure of foreign tax effects in accordance with paragraph [740-10-50-12A(b)(2)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-12A), it is assumed that the 5 percent threshold, computed by multiplying the income (or loss) from continuing operations before income taxes by the applicable statutory federal (national) income tax rate of the United States, is met: 1. a For Ireland, both at the jurisdiction level and for certain individual reconciling items of the same nature within Ireland 2. b For the United Kingdom, for certain individual reconciling items of the same nature within the United Kingdom, but not at the jurisdiction level 3. c For Switzerland and Mexico, at the jurisdiction level, but not for any individual reconciling items of the same nature within each jurisdiction. ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-5BA4CA54-8C10-494F-9636-09ECA13B44F4-low.gif) "Year Ended December 31, 20X2" "Year Ended December 31, 20X1" "Year Ended December 31, 20X0" Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent U.S. Federal Statutory Tax Rate $ AA aa % $ BB bb % $ CC cc % "State and Local Income Taxes, Net of Federal Income Tax Effect (a)" AA aa BB bb CC cc Foreign Tax Effects United Kingdom Statutory tax rate difference between United Kingdom and United States (AA) (aa) (BB) (bb) (CC) (cc) Share-based payment awards AA aa BB bb CC cc Research and development tax credits (AA) (aa) (BB) (bb) CC cc Other (AA) (aa) BB bb (CC) (cc) Ireland Statutory tax rate difference between Ireland and United States (AA) (aa) (BB) (bb) (CC) (cc) Changes in valuation allowances (AA) (aa) (BB) (bb) CC cc Enacted changes in tax laws or rates - - BB bb - - Other AA aa (BB) (bb) (CC) (cc) Switzerland (AA) (aa) (BB) (bb) (CC) (cc) Mexico AA aa BB bb CC cc Other foreign jurisdictions (AA) (aa) (BB) (bb) CC cc Effect of Changes in Tax Laws or Rates Enacted in the Current Period - - - - (CC) (cc) Effect of Cross-Border Tax Laws Global intangible low-taxed income AA aa BB bb CC cc Foreign-derived intangible income (AA) (aa) (BB) (bb) (CC) (cc) Base erosion and anti-abuse tax AA aa BB bb CC cc Other AA aa - - - - Tax Credits Research and development tax credits - - (BB) (bb) (CC) (cc) Energy-related tax credits (AA) (aa) - - - - Other - - (BB) (bb) - - Changes in Valuation Allowances AA aa (BB) (bb) (CC) (cc) Nontaxable or Nondeductible Items Share-based payment awards AA aa BB bb CC cc Goodwill impairment AA aa BB bb - - Other AA aa (BB) (bb) CC cc Changes in Unrecognized Tax Benefits (AA) (aa) BB bb (CC) (cc) Other Adjustments AA aa (BB) (bb) (CC) (cc) Effective Tax Rate $ AA aa % $ BB bb % $ CC cc % (a) State taxes in California and New York made up the majority (greater than 50 percent) of the tax effect in this category. ##### [740-10-55-232](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-232) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:c801adc252322b433d2a6860ed64279d28250383971bdf870fec2c68b6e4001e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)The following illustrates significant reconciling items disclosed by an entity other than a public business entity in accordance with paragraph [740-10-50-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-13). ##### [740-10-55-233](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-233) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:43.682Z Record version: sha256:8b0eb8fbeec769b075bad86902affada1e7d96e3033ec8b8cbd33cb475bb6a5c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9)The difference between Entity W’s effective tax rate and its statutory tax rate is primarily attributed to tax credits, state taxes, and foreign taxes. More specifically, the foreign tax effects of Entity W’s operations in Ireland had a decreasing effect on its effective tax rate, while the foreign tax effects of Entity W’s operations in France had an increasing effect on its effective tax rate. Entity W received federal research and development tax credits, which decreased its effective tax rate, while state taxes in California increased its effective tax rate. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z Record version: sha256:1bd31ee196f2e7041ea76fc840a1fc9774a339286499ad4ea72763effcfb7fc7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-60: 60 Relationships [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#60-relationships) SEC content: no #### Compensation—Retirement Benefits ##### [740-10-60-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-60-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z Record version: sha256:bec5fe1cd5b82bbd71def08e926126c172356d665dbaeeec8e8551d95a0669a8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For treatment of the difference between net periodic pension income and the amount deductible for tax purposes, see Subtopic 715-30. #### Stock Compensation ##### [740-10-60-1A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-60-1A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z Record version: sha256:5985c786b34f24bb1837a7757efd5cbebaed663deb05fa833d6b76f3448faef3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For the required accounting for income taxes in connection with stock compensation, see Subtopic 718-740. #### Business Combinations ##### [740-10-60-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-60-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z Record version: sha256:82099328b2eb1c847a019f8c7ea3beaeb2419362a93eb918774dac0645debcc6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For the required accounting for [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") in connection with business combinations, see Subtopic 805-740. #### Reorganizations ##### [740-10-60-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-60-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z Record version: sha256:768fa01a0c5d892a222d7ba3b0d8e9dbe4c2d7a975de61f2404661f8dfbdb071 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For the required accounting for income taxes in connection with reorganizations, see Topic 852. #### Leases ##### [740-10-60-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-60-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:47.659Z Record version: sha256:d9910deed405bc8f1b168859fa86855e7e61cdeba225bab11511e2185bf6efac Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For the specific requirements for accounting for income taxes related to [leveraged leases](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#leveraged-lease "From the perspective of a lessor, a lease that was classified as a leveraged lease in accordance with the leases guidance in effect before the effective date and for which the commencement date is before the effective date."), see Subtopic 842-50. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:b5084c2cf35eb56b7f3888181496bb8a28b4630a57212f45b6ce51468d4b641a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-65: 65 Transition and Open Effective Date Information [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#65-transition-and-open-effective-date-information) SEC content: no ##### [740-10-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:b63d3670a5f9ec1d9024acb915b0c94050ac9403d2ea7bbd5707944f077f25ad Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 07/01/2010 after the end of the transition period stated in FASB Staff Position FIN 48-3, _Effective Date of FASB Interpretation No. 48 for Certain Nonpublic Enterprises_. ##### [740-10-65-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:6ce63e863cf8c8a8f3c290065e268c5ab8a6786c9542e97d8264d422ee218d14 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 07/01/2010 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-06, _Income Taxes (Topic 740): Implementation Guidance on Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes and Disclosure Amendments for Nonpublic Entities_. ##### [740-10-65-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:6873d9eefecd085c4200de3037e143e085cb33dac71802b944f23f4a349cfccb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 06/23/2016 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-11, _Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists_. ##### [740-10-65-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:3eed764ba640ac3cf5d1ad56f1cf0ded84df3b90aa80f2ca53434b68eae20d83 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 07/17/2019 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17, _Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes_. ##### [740-10-65-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:bc2a33ba5b6d166452c827d9b49230cb78d1f25ffc3f0ff106f7a25fa4c58cb2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 08/19/2021 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-16, _Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory_. ##### [740-10-65-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:f748d62dd5c50d9ce74540875fbe16cb3e45b7e69cd2ac4b6ac17d2ca1053a93 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 07/20/2020 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15, _Codification Improvements to Topic 995, U.S. Steamship Entities: Elimination of Topic 995_. ##### [740-10-65-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:90cd8a644b40e986c48deb43de7bf0bb7cefe24a4458877196a21b7d485f3bb3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 08/19/2021 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-09, _Codification Improvements_. ##### [740-10-65-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:7d4290b8417080e3183f559e04c2b5e9c408e17657a9463f8112c0bc843508c4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 07/10/2023 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-12, _Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes_. #### Transition Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures ##### [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:50.279Z Record version: sha256:7339e87f2b10b7b871ec22e5d5d3a05805dfa4c675c09938fa5ff1ea8f79eeed Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Accounting Standards Update 2023-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2023-09/) 2025-12-16 2024-12-16 2024-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 2025-12-16 The following represents the transition and effective date information related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09, _Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures:_ 1. a The pending content that links to this paragraph shall be effective for [public business entities](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#public-business-entity "A public business entity is a business entity meeting any one of the criteria below. Neither a not-for-profit entity nor an employee benefit plan is a business entity. It is required by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to file or furnish financial statements, or does file or furnish financial statements (including voluntary filers), with the SEC (including other entities whose financial statements or financial information are required to be or are included in a filing). It is required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Act), as amended, or rules or regulations promulgated under the Act, to file or furnish financial statements with a regulatory agency other than the SEC. It is required to file or furnish financial statements with a foreign or domestic regulatory agency in preparation for the sale of or for purposes of issuing securities that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer. It has issued, or is a conduit bond obligor for, securities that are traded, listed, or quoted on an exchange or an over-the-counter market. It has one or more securities that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer, and it is required by law, contract, or regulation to prepare U.S. GAAP financial statements (including notes) and make them publicly available on a periodic basis (for example, interim or annual periods). An entity must meet both of these conditions to meet this criterion. An entity may meet the definition of a public business entity solely because its financial statements or financial information is included in another entity's filing with the SEC. In that case, the entity is only a public business entity for purposes of financial statements that are filed or furnished with the SEC.") for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. 2. b For entities other than public business entities, the pending content that links to this paragraph shall be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. 3. c Early adoption of the pending content that links to this paragraph is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued (or made available for issuance). 4. d An entity shall apply the pending content that links to this paragraph on a prospective basis to financial statements for annual periods beginning after the effective date. Retrospective application to each period presented in the financial statements is permitted. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:55.834Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:55.834Z Record version: sha256:3da01834efbd5b166fbe5fdc5ff0688e3ff5a57a8a21c21533d72b1fa2c35696 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-S00: SEC 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#sec-00-status) SEC content: yes ##### [740-10-S00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:16:55.834Z to 2026-09-10T01:16:55.834Z Record version: sha256:b9b85e99d6f27d870ccd0a8a5fb10a70683836c4bf90e0be1e9d1993a9e6299d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
740-10-S25-2AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0503/13/2018
740-10-S30-1AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0503/13/2018
740-10-S35-1AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0503/13/2018
740-10-S45-1AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0503/13/2018
740-10-S50-3AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0503/13/2018
740-10-S55-8AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0503/13/2018
740-10-S99-2AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0503/13/2018
740-10-S99-4AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-1204/14/2010
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:00.632Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:00.632Z Record version: sha256:c663bb921bb871a00a29229786c4d9fdad9b0b0d90ffdab839852d914d060598 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-S25: SEC 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#sec-25-recognition) SEC content: yes #### Acquired Temporary Differences in Certain Purchase Transactions that Are Not Accounted for as Business Combinations ##### [740-10-S25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:00.632Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:00.632Z Record version: sha256:0a8ed736f9af96e99a49be461d896de556294b81094307e36e8b529411265324 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-3), SEC Observer Comment: Accounting for Acquired Temporary Difference in Certain Purchase Transactions that Are Not Accounted for as Business Combinations, for SEC Staff views on accounting for such transactions. #### Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ##### [740-10-S25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:00.632Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:00.632Z Record version: sha256:274719f8d1f5a223f55c1b05f6a918cf8961318f7bd69363186209b568f2f8f2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-2A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-2A), SAB Topic 5.EE, for SEC Staff views on income tax accounting implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:02.264Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:02.264Z Record version: sha256:b82127bf060327e542129241491e9ad182ced1b9e65de10ae41f05e39ba4ce35 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-S30: SEC 30 Initial Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#sec-30-initial-measurement) SEC content: yes #### Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ##### [740-10-S30-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S30-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:02.264Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:02.264Z Record version: sha256:f96229eb43055bf7dca4f6bcef172329c172f8b4dc9ddb247b3267e79ff3110c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-2A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-2A), SAB Topic 5.EE, for SEC Staff views on income tax accounting implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:03.894Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:03.894Z Record version: sha256:c0ee079dfc9f78b9d82bd5b2d90944442bd6dcc5fcbdc944926cc89c53a908a9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-S35: SEC 35 Subsequent Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#sec-35-subsequent-measurement) SEC content: yes #### Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ##### [740-10-S35-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S35-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:03.894Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:03.894Z Record version: sha256:713e415ed47c59a0537b5b4d1a48ffa9d81e54d809117c40e5133e9029d38a1f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-2A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-2A), SAB Topic 5.EE, for SEC Staff views on income tax accounting implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:06.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:06.590Z Record version: sha256:ba6697f305bc4b45ae0b43f016f6533f061db31d251ac786ea6cae291b1ce9fc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-S45: SEC 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#sec-45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: yes #### Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ##### [740-10-S45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:06.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:06.590Z Record version: sha256:e4c3743d2ba2c8d3aec40f8036ef0451f8003b4d87dadbb2e6dfa0ecf9622b07 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-2A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-2A), SAB Topic 5.EE, for SEC Staff views on income tax accounting implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:09.407Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:09.407Z Record version: sha256:c690d7a99ef73a175880aa607a3d4dff5c860c41c29ef84086e679229f96416a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-S50: SEC 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#sec-50-disclosure) SEC content: yes #### Income Tax Disclosures ##### [740-10-S50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:09.407Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:09.407Z Record version: sha256:50bd5ecf810fc7f17f9856e2aaf572efb4fdea0e2ab47650d1c59f5a602b7a70 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [235-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/235/10/#235-10-S99-1), Regulation S-X Rule 4-08(h), for required disclosures related to income taxes. ##### [740-10-S50-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S50-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:09.407Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:09.407Z Record version: sha256:d78d0b1610c47e754a02acb39523a0507e7acfadac085889c56179680addc903 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-2), SAB Topic 11.C, for SEC Staff views on disclosures related to income tax holidays. #### Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ##### [740-10-S50-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S50-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:09.407Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:09.407Z Record version: sha256:da4a335c344bceb433d6eae44f9e7c2d601a4c0a81b141306a5a3bdec7d0ce0c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-2A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-2A), SAB Topic 5.EE, for SEC Staff views on income tax accounting implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z Record version: sha256:c730b17bb49fd48067ea2b3bc939172ebea1ceb3092bb9a70e7b6a43ede32bad Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-S55: SEC 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#sec-55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: yes #### Statutory to Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation ##### [740-10-S55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z Record version: sha256:9c7bcc20cf272f96b03d53b54507356353eb606d95cd2e4ec70714d7b814c834 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-1), SAB Topic 6.I.1, for SEC Staff views on the rate used in the federal income tax rate to effective tax rate reconciliation. #### Equity Method Investee Income Taxes ##### [740-10-S55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S55-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z Record version: sha256:c52a4aec8e63d7cd76105b91b0f4646156d45da680aae85efef11019b50b4c98 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-1), SAB Topic 6.I.2, for SEC Staff views concerning required disclosures pertaining to the income taxes of an equity method investee. #### Disclosures When an Item Is Presented on a Net of Tax Basis ##### [740-10-S55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S55-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z Record version: sha256:c3cb0b91e90778ca086d3456e940bf5d88fed769b532d13f13f071c9b1e1b810 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-1), SAB Topic 6.I.3, for SEC Staff views on disclosures when certain items are presented net of tax on the income statement. #### Reconciliation of Tax Recovery in a Loss Year ##### [740-10-S55-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S55-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z Record version: sha256:d7b4a6082bd07fb8d95c8cbda36385f828ad041879f90f41c7b826584c54aa74 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-1), SAB Topic 6.I.4, for SEC Staff views on whether a reconciliation of a tax recovery is required in a loss year. #### Foreign Registrants ##### [740-10-S55-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S55-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z Record version: sha256:24f3f43069bd37e55a3c0612aa436b96d334fb7f012d81aa44452b8b6447247d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-1), SAB Topic 6.I.5, for SEC Staff views on required disclosures for foreign registrants. #### Reconciliation of Certain Securities Gains and Losses to the Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate ##### [740-10-S55-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S55-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z Record version: sha256:272849d5797ff200d4f5f695261468900493661b21815c0de8c2435a569dcd70 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-1), SAB Topic 6.I.6, for SEC Staff views on the necessity of a reconciliation of certain securities gains and losses to the statutory federal income tax rate. #### Disclosure When Income Tax Expense Is Allocated to More than One Financial Statement Caption ##### [740-10-S55-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S55-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z Record version: sha256:cab3a16fa7970936ce9796f3b910ada788b0fbcad0dbad19ba08b76bc5e9c9ba Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-1), SAB Topic 6.I.7, for SEC Staff views on whether an overall presentation is acceptable when income tax expense is allocated to more than one caption in the financial statements. #### Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ##### [740-10-S55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S55-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:13.421Z Record version: sha256:f4fd9847ad4a72752b0cd2f67d113388a11b0319f359b46f76724b7079daf363 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [740-10-S99-2A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-2A), SAB Topic 5.EE, for SEC Staff views on income tax accounting implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z Record version: sha256:8759b31fecf8a6dc1086af0bb746d510ad873347bfd1f8789cf51a146b9c5a1e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-10-S99: SEC 99 SEC Materials [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#sec-99-sec-materials) SEC content: yes #### SEC Staff Guidance ##### [740-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z Record version: sha256:e92cbad481b4ff54b20da0c7450e5a78411fed52f240cc0f36023113044bf774 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following is the text of SAB Topic 6.I, Accounting Series Release 149—Improved Disclosure of Income Tax Expense (Adopted November 28, 1973 and Modified by ASR 280 Adopted on September 2, 1980). - Facts: ASR 149 and 280 amend Regulation S-X to include: - 1\. Disclosure of tax effect of timing differences comprising deferred income tax expense. - 2\. Disclosure of the components of income tax expense, including currently payable and the net tax effects of timing differences. - 3\. Disclosure of the components of income \[loss\] before income tax expense \[benefit\] as either domestic or foreign. - 4\. Reconciliation between the statutory Federal income tax rate and the effective tax rate. - 1\. Tax Rate - Question 1: In reconciling to the effective tax rate should the rate used be a combination of state and Federal income tax rates? - Interpretive Response: No, the reconciliation should be made to the Federal income tax rate only. - Question 2: What is the "[applicable statutory Federal income tax rate](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#applicable-statutory-federal-income-tax-rate "See paragraph 740-10-S99-1, SAB Topic 6.I.1, Question 2, for the definition of applicable statutory Federal income tax rate.")"? - Interpretive Response: The applicable statutory Federal income tax rate is the normal rate applicable to the reporting entity. Hence, the statutory rate for a U.S. partnership is zero. If, for example, the statutory rate for U.S. corporations is 22% on the first $25,000 of taxable income and 46% on the excess over $25,000, the "normalized rate" for corporations would fluctuate in the range between 22% and 46% depending on the amount of pretax accounting income a corporation has. - 2\. Taxes of Investee Company - Question: If a registrant records its share of earnings or losses of a 50% or less owned person on the equity basis and such person has an effective tax rate which differs by more than 5% from the applicable statutory Federal income tax rate, is a reconciliation as required by Rule 4-08(g) necessary? - Interpretive Response: Whenever the tax components are known and material to the investor's (registrant's) financial position or results of operations, appropriate disclosure should be made. In some instances where 50% or less owned persons are accounted for by the equity method of accounting in the financial statements of the registrant, the registrant may not know the rate at which the various components of income are taxed and it may not be practicable to provide disclosure concerning such components. - It should also be noted that it is generally necessary to disclose the aggregate dollar and per-share effect of situations where temporary tax exemptions or "tax holidays" exist, and that such disclosures are also applicable to 50% or less owned persons. Such disclosures should include a brief description of the factual circumstances and give the date on which the special tax status will terminate. See Topic 11.C. - 3\. Net of Tax Presentation - Question: What disclosure is required when an item is reported on a net of tax basis (e. g., extraordinary items, discontinued operations, or cumulative adjustment related to accounting change)? - Interpretive Response: When an item is reported on a net of tax basis, additional disclosure of the nature of the tax component should be provided by reconciling the tax component associated with the item to the applicable statutory Federal income tax rate or rates. - 4\. Loss Years - Question: Is a reconciliation of a tax recovery in a loss year required? - Interpretive Response: Yes, in loss years the actual book tax benefit of the loss should be reconciled to expected normal book tax benefit based on the applicable statutory Federal income tax rate. - 5\. Foreign Registrants - Question 1: Occasionally, reporting foreign persons may not operate under a normal income tax base rate such as the current U.S. Federal corporate income tax rate. What form of disclosure is acceptable in these circumstances? - Interpretive Response: In such instances, reconciliations between year-to-year effective rates or between a weighted average effective rate and the current effective rate of total tax expense may be appropriate in meeting the requirements of Rule 4-08(h)(2). A brief description of how such a rate was determined would be required in addition to other required disclosures. Such an approach would not be acceptable for a U.S. registrant with foreign operations. Foreign registrants with unusual tax situations may find that these guidelines are not fully responsive to their needs. In such instances, registrants should discuss the matter with the staff. - Question 2: Where there are significant reconciling items that relate in significant part to foreign operations as well as domestic operations, is it necessary to disclose the separate amounts of the tax component by geographical area, e.g., statutory depletion allowances provided for by U.S. and by other foreign jurisdictions? - Interpretive Response: It is not practicable to give an all-encompassing answer to this question. However, in many cases such disclosure would seem appropriate. - 6\. Securities Gains and Losses - Question: If the tax on the securities gains and losses of banks and insurance companies varies by more than 5% from the applicable statutory Federal income tax rate, should a reconciliation to the statutory rate be provided? - Interpretive Response: Yes. - 7\. Tax Expense Components v. "Overall" Presentation - Facts: Rule 4-08(h) requires that the various components of income tax expense be disclosed, e.g., currently payable domestic taxes, deferred foreign taxes, etc. Frequently income tax expense will be included in more than one caption in the financial statements. For example, income taxes may be allocated to continuing operations, discontinued operations, extraordinary items, cumulative effects of an accounting change and direct charges and credits to shareholders' equity. - Question: In instances where income tax expense is allocated to more than one caption in the financial statements, must the components of income tax expense included in each caption be disclosed or will an "overall" presentation such as the following be acceptable? - The components of income tax expense are: - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-F323072E-D562-4DC8-AE06-1D9D3FD683B9-low.gif) Currently payable (per tax return): Federal " $350,000 " Foreign " 150,000 " State " 50,000 " Deferred: Federal " 125,000 " Foreign " 75,000 " State " 50,000 " " $800,000 " - Income tax expense is included in the financial statements as follows: - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-55FC18A3-F422-4E41-AB46-AB3C0C24B415-low.gif) Continuing operations " $600,000 " Discontinued operations " (200,000)" Extraordinary income " 300,000 " Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle " 100,000 " " $800,000 " - Interpretive Response: An overall presentation of the nature described will be acceptable. ##### [740-10-S99-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z Record version: sha256:4c1ade480a9ceda87696d3437f878f3e6c7cb4fef2cb549529761f54dc5a5dc2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following is the text of SAB Topic 11.C, Tax Holidays. - Facts: Company C conducts business in a foreign jurisdiction which attracts industry by granting a "holiday" from income taxes for a specified period. - Question: Does the staff generally request disclosure of this fact? - Interpretive Response: Yes. In such event, a note must (1) disclose the aggregate dollar and per share effects of the tax holiday and (2) briefly describe the factual circumstances including the date on which the special tax status will terminate. ##### [740-10-S99-2A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-2A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z Record version: sha256:286c6b44400a6219cffec63fb0d75f7728a2e9df95144f3ec19d49aca9ea21c8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following is the text of SAB Topic 5.EE, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act \[H.R.1, An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Titles II and V of the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2018\]. - The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act") changes existing United States tax law and includes numerous provisions that will affect businesses. The Act, for instance, introduces changes that impact U.S. corporate tax rates, business-related exclusions, and deductions and credits. The Act will also have international tax consequences for many companies that operate internationally. The Act has widespread applicability to registrants. - ASC Topic 740 provides accounting and disclosure guidance on accounting for income taxes under generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP"). This guidance addresses the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in an entity's financial statements or tax returns. FN1 ASC Topic 740 also addresses the accounting for income taxes upon a change in tax laws or tax rates. FN2 The income tax accounting effect of a change in tax laws or tax rates includes, for example, adjusting (or re-measuring) deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, as well as evaluating whether a valuation allowance is needed for deferred tax assets. FN3 - FN1 See ASC paragraph [740-10-10-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-10-1). - FN2 See ASC paragraph [740-10-25-47](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-47). - FN3 See ASC paragraph [740-10-35-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-4). - The guidance in ASC Topic 740 does not, however, address certain circumstances that may arise for registrants in accounting for the income tax effects of the Act. The staff understands from outreach that registrants will potentially encounter a situation in which the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Act will be incomplete by the time financial statements are issued for the reporting period that includes the enactment date of December 22, 2017. Questions have arisen regarding different approaches to the application of the accounting and disclosure guidance in ASC Topic 740 to such a situation. Accordingly, the SEC staff believes clarification is appropriate to address any uncertainty or diversity of views in practice regarding the application of ASC Topic 740 in situations where a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting under ASC Topic 740 for certain income tax effects of the Act for the reporting period in which the Act was enacted. - The staff's views have been informed by guidance issued after enactment of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004. FN4 The staff's views also have been informed by the guidance in ASC Topic 805, _Business Combinations_, which addresses the accounting for certain items in a business combination for which the accounting is incomplete upon issuance of the financial statements that include the reporting period in which the business combination occurred. - FN4 In 2004, the FASB issued limited guidance to address the income tax accounting effects of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004. See FASB Staff Position ("FSP") FAS 109-2, _Accounting and Disclosure Guidance for the Foreign Earnings Repatriation Provision within the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004_. - The staff believes the guidance in this staff accounting bulletin ("SAB") will assist registrants and address any uncertainty or diversity of views in applying ASC Topic 740 in the reporting period in which the Act was enacted. Specifically, the staff is issuing this SAB to address situations where the accounting under ASC Topic 740 is incomplete for certain income tax effects of the Act upon issuance of an entity's financial statements for the reporting period in which the Act was enacted. - **Facts**: The Act was signed into law prior to the end of Company A's reporting period and will affect Company A's current and deferred taxes. Company A determined that the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Act under ASC Topic 740 will be completed by the time it issues its financial statements that will include the reporting period in which the Act was enacted. However, there are other income tax effects of the Act for which Company A may not be able to complete the accounting under ASC Topic 740 by the time it issues its financial statements that include the reporting period in which the Act was enacted. - **Question 1**: If the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Act is not completed by the time Company A issues its financial statements that include the reporting period in which the Act was enacted, what amounts should Company A include in its financial statements for those income tax effects for which the accounting under ASC Topic 740 is incomplete? - **Interpretive Response**: To the extent that Company A's accounting for certain income tax effects of the Act is incomplete, but Company A can determine a reasonable estimate for those effects, the staff would not object to Company A including in its financial statements the reasonable estimate that it had determined. Conversely, the staff does not believe it would be appropriate for Company A to exclude a reasonable estimate from its financial statements to the extent a reasonable estimate had been determined. The reasonable estimate should be included in Company A's financial statements in the first reporting period in which Company A was able to determine the reasonable estimate. The reasonable estimate would be reported as a provisional amount FN5 in Company A's financial statements FN6 during a "measurement period." FN7 The measurement period is described in further detail below. - FN5 Provisional amounts would include, for example, reasonable estimates that give rise to new current or deferred taxes based on certain provisions within the Act, as well as adjustments to existing current or deferred taxes that existed prior to the Act's enactment date. - FN6 The staff would also not object to a Foreign Private Issuer reporting under International Financial Reporting Standards applying a measurement period solely for purposes of completing the accounting requirements for the income tax effects of the Act under International Accounting Standard 12, _Income Taxes_. - FN7 The staff was informed, in part, by the measurement period guidance applied in certain situations when accounting for business combinations under ASC Topic 805, _Business Combinations_. The measurement period guidance in ASC paragraph [805-10-25-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/805/10/#805-10-25-13) addresses situations where the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete upon issuance of the financial statements that include the reporting period the business combination occurred. - The staff believes reporting provisional amounts for certain income tax effects of the Act will address circumstances in which an entity does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting under ASC Topic 740. - An entity may not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) for certain income tax effects of the Act in order to determine a reasonable estimate to be included as provisional amounts. The staff would expect no related provisional amounts would be included in an entity's financial statements for those specific income tax effects for which a reasonable estimate cannot be determined. In circumstances in which provisional amounts cannot be prepared, the staff believes an entity should continue to apply ASC Topic 740 (e.g., when recognizing and measuring current and deferred taxes) based on the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately prior to the Act being enacted. That is, the staff does not believe an entity should adjust its current or deferred taxes for those tax effects of the Act until a reasonable estimate can be determined. - Therefore, to summarize the above and for the avoidance of doubt, in Company A's financial statements that include the reporting period in which the Act was enacted, Company A must first reflect the income tax effects of the Act in which the accounting under ASC Topic 740 is complete. These completed amounts would not be provisional amounts. Company A would then also report provisional amounts for those specific income tax effects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC Topic 740 will be incomplete but a reasonable estimate can be determined. For any specific income tax effects of the Act for which a reasonable estimate cannot be determined, Company A would not report provisional amounts and would continue to apply ASC Topic 740 based on the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately prior to the Act being enacted. For those income tax effects for which Company A was not able to determine a reasonable estimate (such that no related provisional amount was reported for the reporting period in which the Act was enacted), Company A would report provisional amounts in the first reporting period in which a reasonable estimate can be determined. - _Measurement period timeframe_ - The measurement period begins in the reporting period that includes the Act's enactment date and ends when an entity has obtained, prepared, and analyzed the information that was needed in order to complete the accounting requirements under ASC Topic 740. During the measurement period, the staff expects that entities will be acting in good faith to complete the accounting under ASC Topic 740. The staff believes that in no circumstances should the measurement period extend beyond one year from the enactment date. - _Changes in subsequent reporting periods_ - During the measurement period, an entity may need to reflect adjustments to its provisional amounts upon obtaining, preparing, or analyzing additional information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the enactment date that, if known, would have affected the income tax effects initially reported as provisional amounts. Further, an entity may also need to report additional tax effects during the measurement period, based on obtaining, preparing, or analyzing additional information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the enactment date that was not initially reported as provisional amounts. Any income tax effects of events unrelated to the Act should not be reported as measurement period adjustments. - _Reporting_ - Any provisional amounts or adjustments to provisional amounts included in an entity's financial statements during the measurement period should be included in income from continuing operations as an adjustment to tax expense or benefit in the reporting period the amounts are determined. - _Applicability_ - This staff guidance is only applicable to the application of ASC Topic 740 in connection with the Act and should not be relied upon for purposes of applying ASC Topic 740 to other changes in tax laws. - _Examples_ - _Example 1_\- Prior to the reporting period in which the Act was enacted, Company X did not recognize a deferred tax liability related to unremitted foreign earnings because it overcame the presumption of the repatriation of foreign earnings. FN8 Upon enactment, the Act imposes a tax on certain foreign earnings and profits at various tax rates. Based on Company X's facts and circumstances, it was not able to determine a reasonable estimate of the tax liability for this item for the reporting period in which the Act was enacted by the time that it issues its financial statements for that reporting period; that is, Company X did not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed to develop a reasonable estimate of the tax liability for this item (or evaluate how the Act will impact Company X's existing accounting position to indefinitely reinvest unremitted foreign earnings). As a result, Company X would not include a provisional amount for this item in its financial statements that include the reporting period in which the Act was enacted, but would do so in its financial statements issued for subsequent reporting periods that fall within the measurement period, beginning with the first reporting period falling within the measurement period by which the necessary information became available, prepared, or analyzed in order to develop the reasonable estimate, and ending with the first reporting period within the measurement period in which Company X was able to obtain, prepare, and analyze the necessary information to complete the accounting under ASC Topic 740. - FN8 See ASC paragraph [740-30-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-17). - _Example 1a_\- Assume a similar fact pattern as Example 1; however, Company Y was able to determine a reasonable estimate of the income tax effects of the Act on its unremitted foreign earnings for the reporting period in which the Act was enacted. Company Y, therefore, reported a provisional amount for the income tax effects related to its unremitted foreign earnings in its financial statements that included the reporting period the Act was enacted. In a subsequent reporting period within the measurement period, Company Y was able to obtain, prepare, and analyze the necessary information to complete the accounting under ASC Topic 740, which resulted in an adjustment to Company Y's initial provisional amount to recognize its tax liability. - _Example 2_\- Company Z has deferred tax assets (assume Company Z was able to comply with ASC Topic 740 and re-measure its deferred tax assets based on the Act's new tax rates) for which a valuation allowance may need to be recognized (or released) based on application of certain provisions in the Act. If Company Z determines that a reasonable estimate cannot be made for the reporting period the Act was enacted, no amount for the recognition (or release) of a valuation allowance would be reported. In the next reporting period (following the reporting period in which the Act was enacted), Company Z was able to obtain, prepare, and analyze the necessary information in order to determine that no valuation allowance needed to be recognized (or released) in order to complete the accounting under ASC Topic 740. - **Question 2**: If an entity accounts for certain income tax effects of the Act under a measurement period approach, what disclosures should be provided? - **Interpretive Response**: The staff believes an entity should include financial statement disclosures to provide information about the material financial reporting impacts of the Act for which the accounting under ASC Topic 740 is incomplete, including: - a. Qualitative disclosures of the income tax effects of the Act for which the accounting is incomplete; - b. Disclosures of items reported as provisional amounts; - c. Disclosures of existing current or deferred tax amounts for which the income tax effects of the Act have not been completed; - d. The reason why the initial accounting is incomplete; - e. The additional information that is needed to be obtained, prepared, or analyzed in order to complete the accounting requirements under ASC Topic 740; - f. The nature and amount of any measurement period adjustments recognized during the reporting period; - g. The effect of measurement period adjustments on the effective tax rate; and - h. When the accounting for the income tax effects of the Act has been completed. ##### [740-10-S99-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z Record version: sha256:99142a6019be200f5671cb3ff7efac935b5ed36b8ace424506102f54a6f3cce3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following is the text of SEC Observer Comment: Accounting for Acquired Temporary Differences in Certain Purchase Transactions that Are Not Accounted for as Business Combinations. - Paragraph [740-10-25-50](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-50) provides guidance on the accounting for acquired temporary differences in purchase transactions that are not business combinations. The SEC staff would object to broadly extending this guidance to adjust the basis in an asset acquisition to situations different from those illustrated in Examples 25 through 26 (see paragraphs [740-10-55-170 through 55-204](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-55-170) ) without first having a clear and complete understanding of those specific fact patterns. ##### [740-10-S99-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-S99-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:20.090Z Record version: sha256:713d0f78e3e44caebdf3ac58669c5dcbfa0f71d3e6726c6866895e80330b5005 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following is the text of SEC Staff Announcement: Accounting for the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - On March 30, 2010, the President signed the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, which is a reconciliation bill that amends the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act that was signed by the President on March 23, 2010 (collectively the "Acts"). - Recently, questions have arisen about the effect, if any, that the different signing dates might have on the accounting for these two Acts. This timing difference, related solely to the signing dates, should not have an impact on a majority of registrants because the Acts were both signed within a relatively short time period, which for the vast majority of companies falls into the same reporting period. However, there may be a limited number of registrants with a period end that falls between the signing dates for which the timing difference could raise questions about whether the different signing dates have an accounting impact. For example, FASB Codification Topic 740, Income Taxes, requires the measurement of current and deferred tax liabilities and assets to be based on provisions of enacted tax law; the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated. - After consultation with the FASB staff, the Office of the Chief Accountant would not object to a view that the two Acts should be considered together for accounting purposes. That is, in this specific fact pattern the SEC staff would not object to a registrant incorporating the effects of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 when accounting for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. This view is based in part on the SEC staff's understanding that the two Acts, when taken together, represent the current health care reforms as passed by Congress and signed by the President. The SEC staff does not believe that it would be appropriate to analogize to this view in any other fact patterns. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:22.686Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:39.374Z Record version: sha256:d09b1ff7a578da61e0c20e38136be0a6a64e488d611c9868f6f6f9fb21532ab1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-20: Income Taxes — Intraperiod Tax Allocation ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "ASC 740-20 governs intraperiod tax allocation: after total income tax expense or benefit for the period is computed under ASC 740-10, this Subtopic allocates that total among continuing operations, discontinued operations, other comprehensive income, and items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity (740-20-45-2). Continuing operations is computed first (\"with-and-without\"), considering only items in continuing operations (740-20-45-7), and the residual is assigned to the single other item, or apportioned among multiple other items in proportion to their individual effects (740-20-45-12 and 45-14).", "key_points": [ "Total income tax expense or benefit (current plus deferred) is first computed under Subtopic 740-10, then allocated among continuing operations, discontinued operations, other comprehensive income, and items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity (740-20-45-1 through 45-2).", "The tax effect of pretax income or loss from continuing operations must be determined by a computation that does not consider the tax effects of items excluded from continuing operations (740-20-45-7); the amount allocated to continuing operations also includes tax effects of changes in judgment about realizability of deferred tax assets, changes in tax laws or rates, changes in tax status, and tax-deductible dividends paid to shareholders (740-20-45-8).", "The tax benefit of an operating loss carryforward or carryback is reported in the same manner as the source of income or loss in the current year, not the source of the prior loss or of expected future income, except for items allocated to equity under 740-20-45-11(c) through (f) (740-20-45-3).", "If there is only one item other than continuing operations, the entire residual after allocation to continuing operations goes to that item; if there are two or more, the residual is apportioned in proportion to their individual effects, with tax benefit apportioned ratably to net loss items first and the remaining expense ratably to net gain items (740-20-45-12, 45-14).", "Tax effects charged or credited directly to OCI or equity include retained earnings adjustments for changes in accounting principle or error corrections, gains and losses in comprehensive income but excluded from net income, increases/decreases in contributed capital, deductible temporary differences and carryforwards existing at a quasi reorganization, and changes in tax bases from transactions with shareholders (740-20-45-11).", "A valuation allowance established at the same time as a deferred tax asset for a net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities is charged to OCI (740-20-45-15), but a valuation allowance recognized or reversed in a subsequent fiscal year due to a change in judgment is reported in continuing operations (740-20-45-16, 45-17).", "Changes in the beginning-of-year valuation allowance from changes in judgment about future realization are ordinarily allocated to continuing operations under 740-10-45-20, while other valuation allowance changes are allocated using the general methodology of this Section (740-20-45-4)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Presentation", "Financial statement presentation" ], "audience_level": "intermediate", "student_note": "Exam questions almost always test the \"incremental\" mechanics: compute tax on continuing operations as if the other items did not exist, then plug the residual to the other items. The most common error is letting a gain in discontinued operations or OCI influence the continuing-operations computation (e.g., using it to avoid a valuation allowance), which 740-20-45-7 prohibits.", "related_topics": [ "740-10", "740-30", "250-10", "830-30", "320-10", "220-10" ], "key_concepts": [ "intraperiod tax allocation", "continuing operations", "discontinued operations", "other comprehensive income", "valuation allowance", "operating loss carryforward", "deferred tax asset", "with-and-without computation" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:22.686Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:22.686Z Record version: sha256:e16a2949c8241c9bc3d749169eb9a52b1f415043eb3c70847e2285ff474cb0d4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-20-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-20-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:22.686Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:22.686Z Record version: sha256:fffed749df68b02382db2616aa6a059c97f6427c001f50d0e39d4b63ff986630 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
Debt Security (1st def.)AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
Deferred Tax Expense (or Benefit)AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
Gains and Losses Included in Comprehensive Income but Excluded from Net IncomeAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
Tax ConsequencesSupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
Temporary DifferenceAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
740-20-05-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-20-45-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-20-45-7AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-20-45-7AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-20-45-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0903/30/2016
740-20-45-11AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0903/30/2016
740-20-45-15 through 45-18
AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
740-20-55-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0903/30/2016
740-20-55-10 through 55-12
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-20-55-10 through 55-12
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-20-55-12A through 55-12C
AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-20-55-14AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-20-55-15 through 55-17
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-20-60-1SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:25.147Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:25.147Z Record version: sha256:8c449bc2222b94260992adb3d95127939d090df3dc67e69b8dae5946f94c01e4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-20-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-20-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:25.147Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:25.147Z Record version: sha256:d3b373a9e702baae3e9e839c8f7a8bd342243af34a644618fd121aeb3ade2376 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Subtopic 740-10 addresses the majority of accounting requirements for [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income."). That Subtopic also establishes the methods and requirements for computing total income tax expense or benefit for an entity. ##### [740-20-05-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-05-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:25.147Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:25.147Z Record version: sha256:a513debd35be0723e7e351c31b0195a34c9be71701d0c7bca02addab49e48a10 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic addresses the process of intraperiod tax allocation that allocates total income tax expense or benefit of an entity for a period to different components of comprehensive income and shareholders' equity. This includes allocating income tax expense or benefit for the year to: 1. a Continuing operations 2. b Discontinued operations 3. c [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-01](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-01/). 4. d Other comprehensive income 5. e Items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity. This Subtopic provides guidance on the method for making those allocations of total income tax expense or benefit and provides several examples and illustrations. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:27.435Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:27.435Z Record version: sha256:88976f16f0344e6e39dbc533b67a689e50e0afdd2d678dcafb8d5ac4388062ed Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-20-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-20-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:27.435Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:27.435Z Record version: sha256:01d8f99fa8a0ed325528c466033165b7e6d73f69e579ef6e438ee25dfe2c77c5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 740-10-15, with specific transaction qualifications noted below. #### Transactions ##### [740-20-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-15-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:27.435Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:27.435Z Record version: sha256:502b37c95bf14231088308266d01199255b45b39f859359ee9ccdc7aae6bb395 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic applies to the process of allocating total income tax expense or benefit of an entity for a period to different components of comprehensive income and shareholders' equity. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:528c47a3d4b9ea27e69535a426dd688bcc48d6987311c55a8b9d1a446c6dcb24 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-20-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no #### Allocation of Income Tax Expense or Benefit for the Year ##### [740-20-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:2cc0820576c3b998d60bff96b5319fa94b6c2e29740aac1f437900eaf6d69f60 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance addresses the requirements to allocate total income tax expense or benefit. Subtopic 740-10 defines the requirements for computing total income tax expense or benefit for an entity. As defined by those requirements, total income tax expense or benefit includes current and deferred [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income."). After determining total income tax expense or benefit under those requirements, the intraperiod tax allocation guidance is used to allocate total income tax expense or benefit to different components of comprehensive income and shareholders' equity. ##### [740-20-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:205fa70d89a5a33789e40e28c3913fde6f8100115c0205c09df99962115c4a2d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Income tax expense or benefit for the year shall be allocated among: 1. a Continuing operations 2. b Discontinued operations 3. c [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-01](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2015-01/). 4. d Other comprehensive income 5. e Items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity. ##### [740-20-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:afa9478f650ff208d15223799b18cede1ecf00b692b7b3d35b4298ea7d860a54 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax benefit of an operating loss carryforward or carryback (other than for the exceptions related to the [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") identified at the end of this paragraph) shall be reported in the same manner as the source of the income or loss in the current year and not in the same manner as the source of the operating loss carryforward or taxes paid in a prior year or the source of expected future income that will result in realization of a [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") for an operating loss carryforward from the current year. The only exception is the tax effects of deductible temporary differences and carryforwards that are allocated to shareholders' equity in accordance with the provisions of paragraph [740-20-45-11(c) through (f)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-11). 1. a [Subparagraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). 2. b [Subparagraph not used](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/page-1833002/). ##### [740-20-45-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:b5ab05879cb9868611f6cf64b26690b0ab8e64fde4b82a73f4b2019366216925 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-45-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-20) requires that changes in the beginning of the year balance of a [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") caused by changes in judgment about the realization of deferred tax assets in future years are ordinarily allocated to continuing operations. That paragraph also identifies certain exceptions to that allocation guidance related to business combinations and the items specified in paragraph [740-20-45-11(c) through (f)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-11). The effect of other changes in the balance of a valuation allowance are allocated among continuing operations and items other than continuing operations using the general allocation methodology presented in this Section. ##### [740-20-45-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:21b9c2f457838c3f7a397f4194f87b1b2e773170d473b1067d93def698f3ed64 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Section 740-20-55 for examples of the allocation of total tax expense or benefit to continuing operations, the effect of a tax credit carryforward, and an allocation to other comprehensive income. #### Allocation to Continuing Operations ##### [740-20-45-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:c3cb846a057302786c62584c625d4586f5a46cd8a17296ba5f5ef3e41e2a3fa8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance addresses the allocation methodology for allocating total income tax expense or benefit to continuing operations. The amount of income tax expense or benefit allocated to continuing operations may include multiple components. The tax effect of pretax income or loss from current year continuing operations is always one component of the amount allocated to continuing operations. ##### [740-20-45-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:7ea5fb32fbda1a7af45a49a898d423115780a587fc2d51f154743e0cb54f2685 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax effect of pretax income or loss from continuing operations should be determined by a computation that does not consider the tax effects of items that are not included in continuing operations. ##### [740-20-45-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:2aad64232e5b60b66b805ed5675967f8ec7cb88328aa0b8409879f66a7459d18 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The amount allocated to continuing operations is the tax effect of the pretax income or loss from continuing operations that occurred during the year, plus or minus income tax effects of: 1. a Changes in circumstances that cause a change in judgment about the realization of deferred tax assets in future years (see paragraph [740-10-45-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-20) for a discussion of exceptions to this allocation for certain items) 2. b Changes in tax laws or rates (see paragraph [740-10-35-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-35-4)) 3. c Changes in tax status (see paragraphs [740-10-25-32](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-32) and [740-10-40-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-40-6)) 4. d Tax-deductible dividends paid to shareholders. The remainder is allocated to items other than continuing operations in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs [740-20-45-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-12) and [740-20-45-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-14). ##### [740-20-45-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:3d216e95e04d4182c9b8eba1f500bb8e3015e65b3e67e65e6c77be81bcf51e90 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Example 1 (paragraph [740-20-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-1)) for an example of the allocation of total tax expense or benefit to continuing operations. #### Allocations to Items Other Than Continuing Operations ##### [740-20-45-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:5260400c3d9742feb534c0e27c43482ebda75d9b1f9995b7d039e5627913448d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance identifies specific items outside of continuing operations that require an allocation of income tax expense or benefit. It also establishes the methodology for allocation. That methodology differs depending on whether there is only one item other than continuing operations or whether there are multiple items other than continuing operations. ##### [740-20-45-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:a4352999f3489ad7c1500e6cf997dc85718205b03bfe638854aed4a331a20c3c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax effects of the following items occurring during the year shall be charged or credited directly to other comprehensive income or to related components of shareholders' equity: 1. a Adjustments of the opening balance of retained earnings for certain changes in accounting principles or a correction of an error. Paragraph [250-10-45-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/250/10/#250-10-45-8) addresses the effects of a change in accounting principle, including any related income tax effects. 2. b [Gains and losses included in comprehensive income but excluded from net income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/g/#gains-and-losses-included-in-comprehensive-income-but-excluded-from-net-income "Gains and losses included in comprehensive income but excluded from net income include certain changes in fair values of investments in marketable equity securities classified as noncurrent assets, certain changes in fair values of investments in industries having specialized accounting practices for marketable securities, adjustments related to pension liabilities or assets recognized within other comprehensive income, and foreign currency translation adjustments. Future changes to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) may change what is included in this category.") (for example, translation adjustments accounted for under the requirements of Topic 830 and changes in the unrealized holding gains and losses of securities classified as available-for-sale as required by Topic 320). 3. c An increase or decrease in contributed capital (for example, deductible expenditures reported as a reduction of the proceeds from issuing capital stock). 4. d [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2016-09/). 5. e [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2016-09/). 6. f Deductible temporary differences and carryforwards that existed at the date of a quasi reorganization. 7. g All changes in the tax bases of assets and liabilities caused by transactions among or with shareholders shall be included in equity including the effect of valuation allowances initially required upon recognition of any related deferred tax assets. Changes in valuation allowances occurring in subsequent periods shall be included in the income statement. #### Single Item of Allocation Other Than Continuing Operations ##### [740-20-45-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:aced2f29b39527bd6e0f0bd3a5eab8342cb4e58b1c5761201fdd1ddce1fa95e2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If there is only one item other than continuing operations, the portion of income tax expense or benefit for the year that remains after the allocation to continuing operations shall be allocated to that item. ##### [740-20-45-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:0b5b39b52ad7d77594b751daebd21a120dbf2896c5bc11495b584fb0016a7b71 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Example 2 (paragraph [740-20-55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-8)) for an example of the allocation of total tax expense or benefit to continuing operations and one other item. #### Multiple Items of Allocation Other Than Continuing Operations ##### [740-20-45-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:3c89c0bae77eacd12f2ef8b80b6dd076a84095a816c1a1bdcc369393f96cddd5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If there are two or more items other than continuing operations, the amount that remains after the allocation to continuing operations shall be allocated among those other items in proportion to their individual effects on income tax expense or benefit for the year. When there are two or more items other than continuing operations, the sum of the separately calculated, individual effects of each item sometimes may not equal the amount of income tax expense or benefit for the year that remains after the allocation to continuing operations. In those circumstances, the procedures to allocate the remaining amount to items other than continuing operations are as follows: 1. a Determine the effect on income tax expense or benefit for the year of the total net loss for all net loss items. 2. b Apportion the tax benefit determined in (a) ratably to each net loss item. 3. c Determine the amount that remains, that is, the difference between the amount to be allocated to all items other than continuing operations and the amount allocated to all net loss items. 4. d Apportion the tax expense determined in (c) ratably to each net gain item. #### Presentation of Deferred Tax Assets Relating to Losses on Available-for-Sale Debt Securities ##### [740-20-45-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:db68532e32b73f40fdd39deac33f26b24de1b7950af651f6a42a793a53884f6e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that recognizes a deferred tax asset relating to a net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities may at the same time conclude that it is more likely than not that some or all of that deferred tax asset will not be realized. In that circumstance, the entity shall report the offsetting entry to the valuation allowance in the component of other comprehensive income classified as unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in [debt securities](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#debt-security "Any security representing a creditor relationship with an entity. The term debt security also includes all of the following: Preferred stock that by its terms either must be redeemed by the issuing entity or is redeemable at the option of the investor A collateralized mortgage obligation (or other instrument) that is issued in equity form but is required to be accounted for as a nonequity instrument regardless of how that instrument is classified (that is, whether equity or debt) in the issuer's statement of financial position U.S. Treasury securities U.S. government agency securities Municipal securities Corporate bonds Convertible debt Commercial paper All securitized debt instruments, such as collateralized mortgage obligations and real estate mortgage investment conduits Interest-only and principal-only strips. The term debt security excludes all of the following: Option contracts Financial futures contracts Forward contracts Lease contracts Receivables that do not meet the definition of security and, so, are not debt securities, for example: Trade accounts receivable arising from sales on credit by industrial or commercial entities Loans receivable arising from consumer, commercial, and real estate lending activities of financial institutions.") because the valuation allowance is directly related to the unrealized holding loss on the available-for-sale securities. The entity shall also report the offsetting entry to the valuation allowance in the component of other comprehensive income classified as unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt securities if the entity concludes on the need for a valuation allowance in a later interim period of the same fiscal year in which the deferred tax asset is initially recognized. ##### [740-20-45-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:188163a9fb11f0eb37fa3fec2509dd40324b3fd45740deef8632832d8b1a7347 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that does not need to recognize a valuation allowance at the same time that it establishes a deferred tax asset relating to a net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities may, in a subsequent fiscal year, conclude that it is more likely than not that some or all of that deferred tax asset will not be realized. In that circumstance, if an entity initially decided that no valuation allowance was required at the time the unrealized loss was recognized but in a subsequent fiscal year decides that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized, a valuation allowance shall be recognized. The entity shall include the offsetting entry as an item in determining income from continuing operations. The offsetting entry shall not be included in other comprehensive income. ##### [740-20-45-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:738b34c2d29a8a26e95d13e7d2668ce470391c22c2327e77514d06e73b1ab85a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that recognizes a deferred tax asset relating to a net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities may, at the same time, conclude that a valuation allowance is warranted and in a subsequent fiscal year makes a change in judgment about the level of future years' taxable income such that all or a portion of that valuation allowance is no longer warranted. In that circumstance, the entity shall include any reversals in the valuation allowance due to such a change in judgment in subsequent fiscal years as an item in determining income from continuing operations, even though initial recognition of the valuation allowance affected the component of other comprehensive income classified as unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt securities. If, rather than a change in judgment about future years' taxable income, the entity generates taxable income in the current year (subsequent to the year the related deferred tax asset was recognized) that can use the benefit of the deferred tax asset, the elimination (or reduction) of the valuation allowance is allocated to that taxable income. Paragraph [740-10-45-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-20) provides additional information. ##### [740-20-45-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:32.590Z Record version: sha256:d83a3b5dd4deadae8870a3dc81016e7e3021615df5bf5b94ed241f76e2660ed6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An entity that has recognized a deferred tax asset relating to other deductible temporary differences in a previous fiscal year may at the same time have concluded that no valuation allowance was warranted. If in the current year an entity recognizes a deferred tax asset relating to a net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities that arose in the current year and at the same time concludes that a valuation allowance is warranted, management shall determine the extent to which the valuation allowance is directly related to the unrealized loss and the other deductible temporary differences, such as an accrual for other postemployment benefits. The entity shall report the offsetting entry to the valuation allowance in the component of other comprehensive income classified as unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt securities only to the extent the valuation allowance is directly related to the unrealized loss on the available-for-sale securities that arose in the current year. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:36070cf6596d54be9c5617febdec3d52c97e92871e21575749ac489fbd2fa446 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-20-55: 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: no #### Illustrations ##### [740-20-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:0625bbebfb98a8852df2bded6be383df00dc0724d15a551c97de48d454bb7032 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-20-45-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-8) states that the amount of [income tax expense or benefit](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-tax-expense-or-benefit "The sum of current tax expense (or benefit) and deferred tax expense (or benefit).") allocated to continuing operations is the tax effect of pretax income or loss from continuing operations that occurred during the year plus or minus certain adjustments. ##### [740-20-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:256d889c13467a45dbaf0d2ee7cc066805dbb15b07b81c1c3d6d6ee0c0d5c841 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The adjustments include the tax effects of: 1. a Changes in circumstances that cause a change in judgment about the realization of deferred tax assets in future years 2. b Changes in tax laws or rates 3. c Changes in tax status 4. d Tax-deductible dividends paid to shareholders. ##### [740-20-55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:3893b8c3bedb3c068f901ebbcc2561463913c08a2d2099580cdb95bdcaf84d44 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The allocation of income tax expense between pretax income from continuing operations and other items shall include deferred taxes. ##### [740-20-55-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:f66b9892f542dcea49250040589cfdf3349199a3916f5493f5867a702ac24c3a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates allocation of current and [deferred tax expense](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-expense-or-benefit "The change during the year in an entity's deferred tax liabilities and assets. For deferred tax liabilities and assets acquired in a purchase business combination during the year, it is the change since the combination date. Income tax expense (or benefit) for the year is allocated among continuing operations, discontinued operations, and items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity."). The assumptions are as follows: 1. a Tax rates are 40 percent for Years 1, 2, and 3 and 30 percent for Year 4 and subsequent years. No valuation allowances are required for deferred tax assets. 2. b At the end of Year 1, there is a $500 [taxable temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in taxable amounts in future years when the related asset is recovered or the related liability is settled. See Temporary Difference.") relating to the entity's contracting operations and a $200 [deductible temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deductible-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. See Temporary Difference.") related to its other operations. Determination of the entity's deferred tax assets and liabilities at the end of Year 1 is as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-124829D9-4B61-4362-B2C5-BE8367101418-low.gif) Future Years Temporary Differences Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Total Contracting operations $- $- $500 $500 Other operations (100) (100) - (200) $(100) $(100) $500 $300 Enacted tax rate for future years 40% 40% 30% Deferred tax liability (asset) $(40) $(40) $150 $70 3. c During Year 2, the entity decides that it will sell its contracting operations in Year 3. As a result, all temporary differences related to the contracting operations (the $500 taxable temporary difference that existed at the end of Year 1, plus an additional $200 taxable temporary difference that arose during Year 2) are now considered to result in taxable amounts in Year 3 because the contracting operations will be sold in Year 3. 4. d At the end of Year 2, the entity also has $300 of deductible temporary differences ($100 of the temporary difference that existed at the end of Year 1, plus an additional $200 that arose during Year 2) from continuing operations. 5. e For Year 2, the entity has $50 of pretax reported income from continuing operations and $200 of pretax reported income from discontinued operations. 6. f Determination of the entity's [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") and [liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") at the end of Year 2 is as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-8EE9BFD4-EBED-4F95-BE72-D7F5954F5E9C-low.gif) Future Years Temporary Differences Year 3 Year 4 Total Discontinued operations $700 $- $700 Continuing operations (200) (100) (300) $500 $(100) $400 Enacted tax rate for future years 40% 30% Deferred tax liability (asset)—net $200 $(30) $170 ##### [740-20-55-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:007cc712384c4c7a2a85affc3246214c8afb350fce9a23cc7f446828b4e50e6b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Total deferred tax expense for Year 2 is $100 ($170 - $70). The deferred tax benefit of the deductible temporary differences related to the entity's continuing operations during Year 2 is determined as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-AE11AACF-382C-4CC0-A0A4-22828C8CE5EC-low.gif) Deferred tax asset related to the entity's continuing operations at the end of Year 2 (40 percent of $200 and 30 percent of $100) $(110) Deferred tax asset related to the entity's continuing operations at the beginning of Year 2 (40 percent of $200) (80) Deferred tax benefit for Year 2 $(30) ##### [740-20-55-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:c1cef3fef155051c262d8af4554d07aec2cd2cf5009796fe1e5eda7e9331f145 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The deferred tax expense for taxable temporary differences related to the entity's discontinued operations during Year 2 is determined as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-B5B66C89-EDD9-4BE6-ACB6-CC5083AD1470-low.gif) Deferred tax liability at the end of Year 2 (40 percent of $700) $280 Deferred tax liability at the end of Year 1 (30 percent of $500) (150) Deferred tax expense for Year 2 $130 ##### [740-20-55-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:dc56e9dd09608ffa2082245834dcd5610568b3fc4b0ea784286001fa35ccee04 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Total tax expense and tax expense allocated to continuing and discontinued operations for Year 2 are determined as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-5DF95978-6869-49AC-8AC1-52B538ED0115-low.gif) Discontinued Operations Continuing Operations Total Pretax reported income $200 $50 $250 "Originating and reversing temporary differences, net" (200) 100 (100) Taxable income $- $150 $150 Current tax expense (40 percent) $- $60 $60 Deferred tax expense (benefit) as determined above 130 (30) 100 Income tax expense $130 $30 $160 ##### [740-20-55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:774e2f50556cf69bdf9403e355814bca84e74b8ac9af168d6fa146924459c158 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If there is only one item other than continuing operations, the portion of income tax expense or benefit for the year that remains after the allocation to continuing operations is allocated to that item. If there are two or more items other than continuing operations, the amount that remains after the allocation to continuing operations is allocated among those other items in proportion to their individual effects on income tax expense or benefit for the year. ##### [740-20-55-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:d004ebb487e04cdd2e7bf9ebdec5636168031d180ab9c01919c6a8f5d8e56510 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following Cases both present allocations of income tax to continuing operations when there is only one item other than income from continuing operations: 1. a Loss from continuing operations with an extraordinary gain (Case A) 2. b Income from continuing operations with a loss from discontinued operations (Case B). ##### [740-20-55-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:0a51b25c91ba94c1b77bdc924ac506dae616e216fea3fb1dcafbc24f92a38d21 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case illustrates allocation of income tax expense if there is only one item other than income from continuing operations. The assumptions are as follows: 1. a The entity's pretax financial income and [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") are the same. 2. b The entity's ordinary loss from continuing operations is $500. 3. c The entity also has a gain on discontinued operations of $900 that is a capital gain for tax purposes. 4. d The tax rate is 40 percent on ordinary income and 30 percent on capital gains. [Income taxes currently payable](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes-currently-payable-refundable "See Current Tax Expense (or Benefit).") are $120 ($400 at 30 percent). 5. e The entity has determined that the deferred tax asset that would have resulted from the loss from continuing operations if the gain on discontinued operations had not occurred would be expected to be realized (that is, a [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") would not have been needed). ##### [740-20-55-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:c9c33da3ea482aae488461aa32f0288b3458631f491075e472b6f0347d4cc953 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Income tax expense is allocated between the pretax loss from operations and the gain on discontinued operations as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-AC6F6AA5-8751-4C1A-9F1D-88B185E25436-low.gif) Total income tax expense $120 Tax benefit allocated to the loss from operations (200) Incremental tax expense allocated to the gain on discontinued operations $320 ##### [740-20-55-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:35f88b71c1812ff3cf3b501b1398e6ca507f8595a34762832e1c956f0b4ca4e4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The effect of the $500 loss from continuing operations was to offset an equal amount of capital gains that otherwise would be taxed at a 30 percent tax rate. However, the guidance in paragraph [740-20-45-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-7) requires that an entity determine the tax effects of pretax income from continuing operations by a computation that does not consider the tax effects of items that are not included in continuing operations. The entity has determined that, absent the capital gain from discontinued operations, a valuation allowance would not have been needed on the deferred tax asset resulting from the $500 loss from continuing operations. Thus, $200 ($500 at 40 percent) of tax benefit is allocated to continuing operations. The $320 incremental effect of the gain on discontinued operations is the difference between $120 of total tax expense and the $200 tax benefit allocated to continuing operations. ##### [740-20-55-12A](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-12A) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:978a2c1091f4b12a197bca9e5e3d050539b87d1aa63a59ab8f74b76d5464d681 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case illustrates allocation of income tax expense if there is only one item other than income from continuing operations. The assumptions are the same as in Case A except that the entity has determined that the deferred tax asset that would have resulted from the loss from continuing operations if the gain on discontinued operations had not occurred would not be expected to be realized (that is, a valuation allowance would have been needed). ##### [740-20-55-12B](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-12B) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:2897751c0eb73ae0e3eab13e7e73ff8deb28f1e4d649f1f164d6050a0a59af8a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Income tax expense is allocated between the pretax loss from operations and the gain on discontinued operations as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-24B9562D-04EF-4259-885C-7784D6C04928-low.gif) Total income tax expense $120 Tax benefit allocated to the loss from operations - Incremental tax expense allocated to the gain on discontinued operations $120 ##### [740-20-55-12C](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-12C) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:bdfc0b4770791f98a0db0f44c77931228e4f525afd3c758c631651067eb73a5a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The effect of the $500 loss from continuing operations was to offset an equal amount of capital gains that otherwise would be taxed at a 30 percent tax rate. However, the guidance in paragraph [740-20-45-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-7) requires that an entity determine the tax effects of pretax income from continuing operations by a computation that does not consider the tax effects of items that are not included in continuing operations. The entity has determined that, absent the capital gain from discontinued operations, a valuation allowance would have been needed on the deferred tax asset resulting from the $500 loss from continuing operations. Thus, zero tax benefit is allocated to continuing operations. The $120 incremental income tax expense related to the gain on discontinued operations is the difference between $120 of total tax expense and the zero tax benefit allocated to continuing operations. ##### [740-20-55-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:a285e9a63d5fb1f237096c2b6593bdc2aee24da41bef72432e51ef448da2dfee Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case further illustrates the general requirement to determine the tax effects of pretax income from continuing operations by a computation that does not consider the tax effects of items that are not included in continuing operations. ##### [740-20-55-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:131587998fa3dd506067557f766a1883f205f907ddc7a309a811cde6db9e92d9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. To illustrate, assume that in the current year an entity has $1,000 of income from continuing operations and a $1,000 loss from discontinued operations. At the beginning of the year, the entity has a $2,000 net operating loss carryforward for which the deferred tax asset, net of its valuation allowance, is zero, and the entity did not reduce that valuation allowance during the year. No tax expense should be allocated to income from continuing operations because the $2,000 loss carryforward is sufficient to offset that income. Thus, no tax benefit is allocated to the loss from discontinued operations. ##### [740-20-55-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:50d51d80311b8cdf339879795a9af205ff6654b1b023f840eb9fe4caa65c863d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [740-20-45-7 through 45-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-7) for allocation of the tax benefit of a tax credit carryforward that is recognized as a deferred tax asset in the current year. The assumptions are as follows: 1. a The entity's pretax financial income and taxable income are the same. 2. b Pretax financial income for the year comprises $300 from continuing operations and $400 from a gain on discontinued operations. 3. c The tax rate is 40 percent. Taxes payable for the year are zero because $330 of tax credits that arose in the current year more than offset the $280 of tax otherwise payable on $700 of taxable income. 4. d A $50 deferred tax asset is recognized for the $50 ($330 - $280) tax credit carryforward. Based on the weight of available evidence, management concludes that no valuation allowance is necessary. ##### [740-20-55-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:ee2d08cb4a2a97b557d4de29a9520dfe78cb7fd2f2e93cb06244e6c78804220d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Income tax expense or benefit is allocated between pretax income from continuing operations and the gain on discontinued operations as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-F543F015-0695-43BD-8B92-6906FE2F161B-low.gif) Total income tax benefit $(50) Tax expense (benefit) allocated to income from continuing operations: Tax (before tax credits) on $300 of taxable income at 40 percent $120 Tax credits (330) (210) Tax expense allocated to the extraordinary gain $160 ##### [740-20-55-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:742fa3aaba326dcb297495c8e0760fac8e1a198e8eb0d91ddc33639934ebd370 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Absent the gain on discontinued operations and assuming it was not the deciding factor in reaching a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed, the entire tax benefit of the $330 of tax credits would be allocated to continuing operations. The presence of the gain on discontinued operations does not change that allocation. ##### [740-20-55-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:3dfc5c1db18de502cf9fb250a20213bfc43187146e44b4377f420905a711cd33 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Income taxes are sometimes allocated directly to shareholders' equity or to other comprehensive income. This Example illustrates the allocation of income taxes for translation adjustments under the requirements of Subtopic 830-30 to other comprehensive income. In this Example, FC represents units of foreign currency. ##### [740-20-55-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-19) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:71e4bbeddbcf04953b60b9772bc9b92d89bd1491e8f7e81e35e9ed4e3603d769 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A foreign subsidiary has earnings of FC 600 for Year 2. Its net assets (and unremitted earnings) are FC 1,000 and FC 1,600 at the end of Years 1 and 2, respectively. ##### [740-20-55-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-20) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:3dd25be42366097c443b830feb9621050bb254d5c53589510737fd8b5628255c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The foreign currency is the functional currency. For Year 2, translated amounts are as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-0A3597D4-4C79-4354-BCF0-B318A548D79F-low.gif) Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Dollars "Unremitted earnings, beginning of year" " 1,000 " FC1 = $1.20 " $1,200 " Earnings for the year 600 FC1 = $1.10 660 "Unremitted earnings, end of year" " 1,600 " FC1 = $1.00 " $1,600 " ##### [740-20-55-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-21) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:f9468f79c6183d3b59beb9ffaf57615007ce885b3336258fac13dda0a1b8ba3d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A $260 translation adjustment ($1,200 + $660 - $1,600) is reported in other comprehensive income and accumulated in shareholders' equity for Year 2. ##### [740-20-55-22](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-22) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:230e6d70f9f9373d8a52df0174b915a1bb61a5e490b46b6ac0611911b03f2c9e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The U.S. parent expects that all of the foreign subsidiary's unremitted earnings will be remitted in the foreseeable future, and under the requirements of Subtopic 740-30, a deferred U.S. tax liability is recognized for those unremitted earnings. ##### [740-20-55-23](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-23) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:670fbd0820ddfdc6e25b3da65daf04fc10db1fddc3829cae906c47a2cd39471c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The U.S. parent accrues the [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") at a 20 percent tax rate (that is, net of foreign tax credits, foreign tax credit [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year."), and so forth). An analysis of the net investment in the foreign subsidiary and the related deferred tax liability for Year 2 is as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-8C722B72-619E-4780-8276-FF9C06100B97-low.gif) . Net Investment Deferred Tax Liability "Balances, beginning of year" " $1,200 " $240 Earnings and related taxes 660 132 Translation adjustment and related taxes (260) (52) "Balances, end of year" " $1,600 " $320 ##### [740-20-55-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-55-24) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:34.849Z Record version: sha256:1f356b32a4637e811d73ee9cbcc9ad5345d7db56ac9868f1c9864608bc404362 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For Year 2, $132 of deferred taxes are charged against earnings, and $52 of deferred taxes are reported in other comprehensive income and accumulated in shareholders' equity. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:36.565Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:36.565Z Record version: sha256:7aed054a750917eb16da33920893367b00d1717fa7b68fa63d4508e42453366e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-20-60: 60 Relationships [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#60-relationships) SEC content: no #### Investments—Debt and Equity Securities ##### [740-20-60-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-60-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:36.565Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:36.565Z Record version: sha256:615b626c88601a64256b204b21015445e2d10abb22140a9b5406660666ee8534 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2016-01/). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:41.308Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:06.039Z Record version: sha256:b2d00d63b653fe0056df8f132803e0645ff4bd42b872b858dc393c3b5bd33d56 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-30: Income Taxes — Other Considerations or Special Areas ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "ASC 740-30 governs the limited exceptions to comprehensive deferred tax recognition for temporary differences (outside basis differences) arising from investments in subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures, principally undistributed earnings. The starting presumption is that all undistributed earnings of a subsidiary will be transferred to the parent and thus create a taxable temporary difference (740-30-25-3), but that presumption can be overcome by the \"indefinite reversal criteria\" for foreign subsidiaries/foreign corporate joint ventures essentially permanent in duration and for pre-December 16, 1992 domestic undistributed earnings (740-30-25-17 and 25-18). Deferred tax assets for excess outside tax basis are recognized only if it is apparent the difference will reverse in the foreseeable future (740-30-25-9).", "key_points": [ "Undistributed earnings of a subsidiary included in consolidated income (or under the equity method) are presumed to be transferred to the parent and are accounted for as a temporary difference unless tax law provides a means by which the investment in a domestic subsidiary can be recovered tax free (740-30-25-2 through 25-3, 25-7).", "A deferred tax liability must be recognized for an excess of financial reporting over tax basis of an investment in a domestic subsidiary arising in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1992, and for a 50-percent-or-less-owned investee (except a corporate joint venture essentially permanent in duration) (740-30-25-5).", "No deferred tax liability is recognized, unless reversal in the foreseeable future becomes apparent, for the excess book-over-tax basis of a foreign subsidiary or foreign corporate joint venture essentially permanent in duration, or for undistributed earnings of a domestic subsidiary/joint venture arising in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992 (LIFO pattern) (740-30-25-18).", "The presumption of remittance is overcome only with sufficient evidence of specific plans for indefinite reinvestment or a tax-free liquidation—the indefinite reversal criteria—which cannot be applied to inside basis differences of foreign subsidiaries (740-30-25-17).", "A deferred tax asset for an excess of tax basis over financial reporting amount of an investment in a subsidiary or an essentially permanent corporate joint venture is recognized only if it is apparent the difference will reverse in the foreseeable future (e.g., a decision to sell the subsidiary), subject to a valuation allowance assessment (740-30-25-9 through 25-11).", "Changes in expectations—remittance becoming apparent, previously accrued earnings that will not be remitted, or an investee ceasing to be a subsidiary—are accrued or adjusted in income tax expense of the current period (740-30-25-15, 25-19, 740-30-45-2 through 45-3).", "Disclosure is required of the types of temporary differences for which no deferred tax liability is recognized and events that would make them taxable, the cumulative amount of each type, and the unrecognized deferred tax liability for foreign subsidiaries/joint ventures or a statement that determination is not practicable (740-30-50-2)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Recognition", "Disclosure", "Consolidation" ], "audience_level": "advanced", "student_note": "This is the classic \"APB 23\" indefinite reinvestment exception—exam questions test that it is a narrow exception (foreign subsidiaries and pre-1993 domestic earnings), not a general election. A common misunderstanding is symmetry: the exception suspends deferred tax liabilities, while deferred tax assets for excess outside tax basis require the higher \"apparent reversal in the foreseeable future\" hurdle.", "related_topics": [ "740-10", "740-20", "205-20", "323-10", "942-740", "810-10" ], "key_concepts": [ "outside basis difference", "undistributed earnings", "indefinite reversal criteria", "deferred tax liability", "corporate joint venture essentially permanent in duration", "foreign subsidiary", "valuation allowance", "tax-free recovery of investment" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:41.308Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:41.308Z Record version: sha256:59c5a039158431196b843c1f6e715931650a55bd761c97964d1dc85f7eed8cb9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-30-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-30-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:41.308Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:41.308Z Record version: sha256:9897d66f80b3ab700a1eaa0216c310a2a42b576cd515bf9c89eba2bc6d4117bc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
Corporate Joint VentureAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0802/02/2010
SubsidiarySupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1006/12/2015
Temporary DifferenceAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
740-30-05-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1006/12/2015
740-30-25-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1006/12/2015
740-30-25-7AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0802/02/2010
740-30-25-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0804/10/2014
740-30-25-15AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-30-25-15AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-30-25-16AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-30-25-19AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-30-45-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-1006/12/2015
740-30-45-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-30-45-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-1212/18/2019
740-30-45-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
740-30-50-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0912/14/2023
740-30-60-1AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0605/07/2018
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z Record version: sha256:7b243595d86849d410ed6c764e86e50f4664a2f2c9a487cf289d55568a0bb6b2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-30-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no #### Undistributed Earnings of Subsidiaries and Corporate Joint Ventures ##### [740-30-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z Record version: sha256:0da3d9b10f54e16c55d7347defeb145f41c61fffcfbc2c8ea4f154e35e489359 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Subtopic 740-10 addresses the majority of tax accounting issues. That Subtopic addresses the majority of differences between the financial reporting (or book) basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities (basis differences) and the requirements to record deferred [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") on those differences. It also identifies specific and limited exceptions to the otherwise required recognition of deferred taxes on basis differences. ##### [740-30-05-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-05-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z Record version: sha256:53c3f100d0b8e8be33714807c4534039d48de7cf90921de48a2f32957dac9b6d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides the required accounting and disclosure guidance for certain of the specific limited exceptions identified in Subtopic 740-10 to the requirements to record deferred taxes on specific basis differences related to investments in subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures arising from undistributed earnings or other causes. ##### [740-30-05-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-05-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z Record version: sha256:cfc6fd3463330ff67a84d5de83462d60eb2ac60bc8d3d6c601d177acc7b87556 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The accounting addressed in this Subtopic represents, in some situations, an exception to the otherwise required comprehensive recognition of deferred income taxes for temporary differences. ##### [740-30-05-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-05-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z Record version: sha256:6acf8c4117b7beea84e602f7256a8ab56591f4382eebe059f0d0310617b8c674 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A domestic or foreign subsidiary remits earnings to a parent entity after the parties consider numerous factors, including the following: 1. a Financial requirements of the parent entity 2. b Financial requirements of the subsidiary 3. c Operational and fiscal objectives of the parent entity, both long-term and short-term 4. d Remittance restrictions imposed by governments 5. e Remittance restrictions imposed by lease or financing agreements of the subsidiary 6. f [Tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-consequences "The effects on income taxes—current or deferred—of an event.") of the remittance. ##### [740-30-05-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-05-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z Record version: sha256:5ee6f69a6d30793e2f8d4ec79d181024cb4b0939c7f2c83c45b5aafc8a31d15d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Remittance of earnings of a subsidiary may sometimes be indefinite because of the specific long-term investment plans and objectives of the parent entity. Even in the absence of long-term investment plans, the flexibility inherent in the U.S. Internal Revenue Code may permit a parent entity to postpone income taxes on the earnings of a subsidiary for an extended period or may permit the ultimate distribution to be taxed at special rates applicable to the nature of the distribution. Other circumstances may indicate that the earnings will probably be remitted in the foreseeable future. However, the parent entity may control the events that create the tax consequences in either circumstance. ##### [740-30-05-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-05-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z Record version: sha256:80b8327452de9f4e885568f431d5854d2e032cb2d022005a8dc689a39cbd014b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Corporate joint ventures](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#corporate-joint-venture "A corporation owned and operated by a small group of entities (the joint venturers) as a separate and specific business or project for the mutual benefit of the members of the group. A government may also be a member of the group. The purpose of a corporate joint venture frequently is to share risks and rewards in developing a new market, product or technology; to combine complementary technological knowledge; or to pool resources in developing production or other facilities. A corporate joint venture also usually provides an arrangement under which each joint venturer may participate, directly or indirectly, in the overall management of the joint venture. Joint venturers thus have an interest or relationship other than as passive investors. An entity that is a subsidiary of one of the joint venturers is not a corporate joint venture. The ownership of a corporate joint venture seldom changes, and its stock is usually not traded publicly. A noncontrolling interest held by public ownership, however, does not preclude a corporation from being a corporate joint venture.") are of two kinds: those essentially permanent in duration and those that have a life limited by the nature of the venture or other business activity. ##### [740-30-05-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-05-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:44.780Z Record version: sha256:1616152b7e6998c0f15a2d8fea145c01ef9982260176ed91184d6d637c981cfe Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Unless characteristics indicate a limited life, a corporate joint venture has many of the characteristics of a subsidiary. The investors usually participate in the management of the joint venture, consider the factors set forth in paragraph [740-30-05-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-05-4), and agree (frequently before forming the venture) as to plans for long-term investment, for utilizing the flexibility inherent in the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, and for planned remittances. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z Record version: sha256:72cfcf7aeb10d8aa87dbaea215c8916785ec82fa4cd2c86beabea7d944477f51 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-30-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-30-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z Record version: sha256:1c389e8988f75107b02ca6ea625254237047b4d36580a3e386ce7442b81eaaf8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 740-10-15, with specific transaction qualifications noted below. #### Transactions ##### [740-30-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-15-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z Record version: sha256:b71d271864f51d88154b7fbbf9ce7d82348979276eb78fee8ebf2c1ee3810271 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic applies to basis differences arising from investments in subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures. ##### [740-30-15-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-15-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z Record version: sha256:25e931aba725c3ec5fecd26de07c00051f058ac6640dedb0fa37d33aebafc667 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The basis differences addressed in this Subtopic represent situations where there are exceptions to the general requirements established in the Overall Subtopic for the comprehensive recognition of deferred [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") on temporary differences. ##### [740-30-15-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-15-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:47.883Z Record version: sha256:05d3e57d34fa91cc4c874d5989141cd7c690e4121b46eed909e195c17a2cbb7c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. There are other exceptions to the comprehensive recognition of deferred income taxes on temporary differences specifically addressed in other Subtopics. However; the provisions of this Subtopic shall not be applied to analogous types of temporary differences. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:3a29e504613fd90d3b82142069987854f63c36a052b908421d0198efed612aed Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-30-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#25-recognition) SEC content: no #### Undistributed Earnings of Subsidiaries and Corporate Joint Ventures ##### [740-30-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:e0c2b35edf22676673d264cc5da3f1d6154ad94a7612273b4a1e40aa1b810da0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section provides guidance on the accounting for specific temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries and [corporate joint ventures](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#corporate-joint-venture "A corporation owned and operated by a small group of entities (the joint venturers) as a separate and specific business or project for the mutual benefit of the members of the group. A government may also be a member of the group. The purpose of a corporate joint venture frequently is to share risks and rewards in developing a new market, product or technology; to combine complementary technological knowledge; or to pool resources in developing production or other facilities. A corporate joint venture also usually provides an arrangement under which each joint venturer may participate, directly or indirectly, in the overall management of the joint venture. Joint venturers thus have an interest or relationship other than as passive investors. An entity that is a subsidiary of one of the joint venturers is not a corporate joint venture. The ownership of a corporate joint venture seldom changes, and its stock is usually not traded publicly. A noncontrolling interest held by public ownership, however, does not preclude a corporation from being a corporate joint venture."), including differences arising from undistributed earnings. In certain situations, these temporary differences may be accounted for differently from the accounting that otherwise requires comprehensive recognition of deferred [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") for temporary differences. ##### [740-30-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:7d6754a2beb7c4149f45e34b2989e00ed457a53face2148dafe4ebc618d17924 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Including undistributed earnings of a subsidiary (which would include the undistributed earnings of a domestic international sales corporation eligible for tax deferral) in the pretax accounting income of a parent entity either through consolidation or accounting for the investment by the equity method results in a [temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences."). ##### [740-30-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:b5bf6a36e8b40cbbcbb4845e7c3e4f626ae55d8b7ec6d8a11ffa3e5b3644ff57 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. It shall be presumed that all undistributed earnings of a subsidiary will be transferred to the parent entity. Accordingly, the undistributed earnings of a subsidiary included in consolidated income shall be accounted for as a temporary difference unless the tax law provides a means by which the investment in a domestic subsidiary can be recovered tax free. ##### [740-30-25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:3b6a4fbfd0c0bfac08181c927d34ae1e26d9d9b70e21f337a8a79a24b166351a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The principles applicable to undistributed earnings of subsidiaries in this Section also apply to tax effects of differences between [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") and pretax accounting income attributable to earnings of corporate joint ventures that are essentially permanent in duration and are accounted for by the equity method. Certain corporate joint ventures have a life limited by the nature of the venture, project, or other business activity. Therefore, a reasonable assumption is that a part or all of the undistributed earnings of the venture will be transferred to the investor in a taxable distribution. Deferred taxes shall be recorded, in accordance with the requirements of Subtopic 740-10 at the time the earnings (or losses) are included in the investor's income. ##### [740-30-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:b01ace5c6a2e718247fc550828c02ef5da36b99aeff39e47876f890f79088e44 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") shall be recognized for both of the following types of taxable temporary differences: 1. a An excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of an investment in a domestic subsidiary that arises in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1992 2. b An excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of an investment in a 50-percent-or-less-owned investee except as provided in paragraph [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18) for a corporate joint venture that is essentially permanent in duration. Paragraphs [740-30-25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-9) and [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18) identify exceptions to the accounting that otherwise requires comprehensive recognition of deferred income taxes for temporary differences arising from investments in subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures. ##### [740-30-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:d4e0af391776ac30ff28783a9171924eb9ca445df8cc7a799b44e8f1534e1df4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18) provides that a deferred tax liability is not recognized for either of the following: 1. a An excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of an investment in a foreign subsidiary that meets the criteria in paragraph [740-30-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-17) 2. b Undistributed earnings of a domestic subsidiary that arose in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992, and that meet the criteria in paragraph [740-30-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-17). The criteria in that paragraph do not apply to undistributed earnings of domestic subsidiaries that arise in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1992, and as required by the preceding paragraph, a deferred tax liability shall be recognized if the undistributed earnings are a [taxable temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in taxable amounts in future years when the related asset is recovered or the related liability is settled. See Temporary Difference."). ##### [740-30-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:111beef9d5372c85ba1800c29b7736a034e76db3ade5146ce0a001148c927d8c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Whether an excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of an investment in a more-than-50-percent-owned domestic subsidiary is a taxable temporary difference shall be assessed. It is not a taxable temporary difference if the tax law provides a means by which the reported amount of that investment can be recovered tax-free and the entity expects that it will ultimately use that means. For example, tax law may provide that: 1. a An entity may elect to determine taxable gain or loss on the liquidation of an 80-percent-or-more-owned subsidiary by reference to the tax basis of the subsidiary's net assets rather than by reference to the [parent](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#parent "An entity that has a controlling financial interest in one or more subsidiaries. (Also, an entity that is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity.)") entity's tax basis for the stock of that subsidiary. 2. b An entity may execute a statutory merger whereby a subsidiary is merged into the parent entity, the noncontrolling shareholders receive stock of the parent, the subsidiary's stock is cancelled, and no taxable gain or loss results if the continuity of ownership, continuity of business entity, and certain other requirements of the tax law are met. ##### [740-30-25-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:69e82d7775693fbd548a925e2e910bfdc5af755677b988b3936f9d99eecad0fe Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Some elections for tax purposes are available only if the parent owns a specified percentage of the subsidiary's stock. The parent sometimes may own less than that specified percentage, and the price per share to acquire a [noncontrolling interest](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/n/#noncontrolling-interest "The portion of equity (net assets) in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent. A noncontrolling interest is sometimes called a minority interest.") may significantly exceed the per-share equivalent of the amount reported as noncontrolling interest in the [consolidated financial statements](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#consolidated-financial-statements "The financial statements of a consolidated group of entities that include a parent and all its subsidiaries presented as those of a single economic entity."). In those circumstances, the excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of the parent's investment in the subsidiary is not a taxable temporary difference if settlement of the noncontrolling interest is expected to occur at the point in time when settlement would not result in a significant cost. That could occur, for example, toward the end of the life of the subsidiary, after it has recovered and settled most of its assets and liabilities, respectively. The fair value of the noncontrolling interest ordinarily will approximately equal its percentage of the subsidiary's net assets if those net assets consist primarily of cash. ##### [740-30-25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:a0140433123e2361bc8d4b8020839275c207bbc9498d2d5d6355b1bb6fe4c71e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") shall be recognized for an excess of the tax basis over the amount for financial reporting of an investment in a subsidiary or corporate joint venture that is essentially permanent in duration only if it is apparent that the temporary difference will reverse in the foreseeable future. ##### [740-30-25-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:c320f8f516efab1dc2f2a5cf69780042084cf61572b44034756cd18562b2ad1e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For example, if an entity decides to sell a subsidiary that meets the requirements of paragraphs [205-20-45-1A through 45-1D](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/205/20/#205-20-45-1A) for measurement and display as a discontinued operation and the parent entity's tax basis in the stock of the subsidiary (outside tax basis) exceeds the financial reporting amount of the investment in the subsidiary, the decision to sell the subsidiary makes it apparent that the [deductible temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deductible-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. See Temporary Difference.") will reverse in the foreseeable future. Assuming in this example that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will be realized, the tax [benefit](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#benefit "See Tax (or Benefit).") for the excess of outside tax basis over financial reporting basis shall be recognized when it is apparent that the temporary difference will reverse in the foreseeable future. The same criterion shall apply for the recognition of a deferred tax liability related to an excess of financial reporting basis over outside tax basis of an investment in a subsidiary that was previously not recognized under the provisions of paragraph [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18). ##### [740-30-25-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:d91787055aa34db3e621ce353ecba493e409b73b6ae6ccc69cbfa61d245e8b18 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The need for a [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") for the deferred tax asset referred to in paragraph [740-30-25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-9) and other related deferred tax assets, such as a deferred tax asset for foreign tax credit [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year."), shall be assessed. ##### [740-30-25-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:6ffab6cfef6f16e49348fe5687a3683b1f42d649f1258b0871a52b6f507f479d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18) identifies four sources of taxable income to be considered in determining the need for and amount of a valuation allowance for those and other deferred tax assets. One source is future reversals of temporary differences. ##### [740-30-25-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:050e72ead72d549540b4aa5b9a842023ab23c7369dd7ae2dbc72603e3fce1103 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Future distributions of future earnings of a subsidiary or corporate joint venture, however, shall not be considered except to the extent that a deferred tax liability has been recognized for existing undistributed earnings or earnings have been remitted in the past. ##### [740-30-25-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:df19c3707b1b458a524675e6d8ab242abc42880fc7a53474c7e09c676e0c1c62 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A tax benefit shall not be recognized, however, for tax deductions or favorable tax rates attributable to future dividends of undistributed earnings for which a deferred tax liability has not been recognized under the requirements of paragraph [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18). ##### [740-30-25-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-15) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:c5608319bff3d91926f9f90cd31675d27b7ed6ab727a477baf26d96ef053b75b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An investment in common stock of a subsidiary may change so that it is no longer a subsidiary because the parent entity sells a portion of the investment, the subsidiary sells additional stock, or other transactions affect the investment. If a parent entity did not recognize income taxes on its equity in undistributed earnings of a subsidiary for the reasons cited in paragraph [740-30-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-17) (and the entity in which the investment is held ceases to be a subsidiary), it shall accrue in the current period income taxes on the temporary difference related to its remaining investment in common stock in accordance with the guidance in Subtopic 740-10. ##### [740-30-25-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-16) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:23ab96b8c89b346406fed14b8a14b1702bfc976634b3846dc3082f2567ca9f9b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2019-12/) ##### [740-30-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-17) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:78bca784b059591122e7ba5ecd13a54f5d744b5b47dd6c20d87eb1c43ed0139d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The presumption in paragraph [740-30-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-3) that all undistributed earnings will be transferred to the parent entity may be overcome, and no income taxes shall be accrued by the parent entity, for entities and periods identified in the following paragraph if sufficient evidence shows that the subsidiary has invested or will invest the undistributed earnings indefinitely or that the earnings will be remitted in a tax-free liquidation. A parent entity shall have evidence of specific plans for reinvestment of undistributed earnings of a subsidiary which demonstrate that remittance of the earnings will be postponed indefinitely. These criteria required to overcome the presumption are sometimes referred to as the indefinite reversal criteria. Experience of the entities and definite future programs of operations and remittances are examples of the types of evidence required to substantiate the parent entity's representation of indefinite postponement of remittances from a subsidiary. The indefinite reversal criteria shall not be applied to the inside basis differences of foreign subsidiaries. ##### [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:e3c9b898d153eb6a18b5b7358b9b036b5d27d113e7543cc89b6c6825086450c4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As indicated in paragraph [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3), a deferred tax liability shall not be recognized for either of the following types of temporary differences unless it becomes apparent that those temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future: 1. a An excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of an investment in a foreign subsidiary or a foreign corporate joint venture that is essentially permanent in duration 2. b Undistributed earnings of a domestic subsidiary or a domestic corporate joint venture that is essentially permanent in duration that arose in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992. A last-in, first-out (LIFO) pattern determines whether reversals pertain to differences that arose in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992. ##### [740-30-25-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-19) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:53.003Z Record version: sha256:b34549f9d432bbc9d9c4623919cd90e17745ec12f26bebe826598ff32387907d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If circumstances change and it becomes apparent that some or all of the undistributed earnings of a subsidiary will be remitted in the foreseeable future but income taxes have not been recognized by the parent entity, it shall accrue as an expense of the current period income taxes attributable to that remittance. If it becomes apparent that some or all of the undistributed earnings of a subsidiary on which income taxes have been accrued will not be remitted in the foreseeable future, the parent entity shall adjust income tax expense of the current period. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:55.307Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:55.307Z Record version: sha256:029dd4a2662027e085eb51b54c6473bb5cbd937ccaeb5fa87d89faf26d492337 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-30-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no #### Undistributed Earnings of Subsidiaries and Corporate Joint Ventures ##### [740-30-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:55.307Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:55.307Z Record version: sha256:8f4f3f5d267aa30b860d9107f6c61fe6baa0158bcd098c8289841e458bc3b7db Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance addresses presentation in the income statement of specific types of adjustments to [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income."). The specific types of adjustments addressed result from either the recognition or derecognition of deferred income taxes related to exceptions to comprehensive recognition of deferred income taxes arising from investments in subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures. ##### [740-30-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-45-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:55.307Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:55.307Z Record version: sha256:781ce353bc2db9ae985d0bfaefc3c4b159457c8a85196a97306d1450150f1cbc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18) identifies situations where deferred tax liabilities are not recorded for specific temporary differences. Paragraph [740-30-25-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-19) provides that if circumstances change and it becomes apparent that some or all of the undistributed earnings of a subsidiary will be remitted in the foreseeable future but income taxes have not been recognized by the parent entity, it shall accrue as an expense of the current period income taxes attributable to that remittance. If it becomes apparent that some or all of the undistributed earnings of a subsidiary on which income taxes have been accrued will not be remitted in the foreseeable future, the parent entity shall adjust income tax expense of the current period. ##### [740-30-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-45-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:55.307Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:55.307Z Record version: sha256:aea6a2929a77478c4dc42e4b4c0ef5e17b23860df1c4ce570d99fe7df9fd8225 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a parent entity did not recognize income taxes on its equity in undistributed earnings of a subsidiary for the reasons cited in paragraph [740-30-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-17) and the entity in which the investment is held ceases to be a subsidiary, paragraph [740-30-25-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-15) requires that it shall accrue in the current period income taxes on the temporary difference related to its remaining investment in common stock in accordance with the guidance in Subtopic 740-10. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:58.404Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:58.404Z Record version: sha256:4534acec7dad3bcb7ad85b9e88450244c17eb22fbe51b1f3708ea0e2cb4b8f61 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-30-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no #### Undistributed Earnings of Subsidiaries and Corporate Joint Ventures ##### [740-30-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:58.404Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:58.404Z Record version: sha256:e7b07aea518ce4056f1391f562008c7796bedd61bfb0e97b9e3e6f3a3fb263d7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This guidance establishes disclosure requirements applicable to unrecognized deferred tax liabilities related to investments in subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures. ##### [740-30-50-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-50-2) Pending content: yes Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:17:58.404Z to 2026-09-10T01:17:58.404Z Record version: sha256:cb18d29c27ec70e16c10a7817931cc05a948b4cb4730eea48985247b5050cd70 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. All of the following information shall be disclosed whenever a [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") is not recognized because of the exceptions to comprehensive recognition of deferred taxes related to subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures: 1. a A description of the types of temporary differences for which a deferred tax liability has not been recognized and the types of events that would cause those temporary differences to become taxable 2. b The cumulative amount of each type of [temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") 3. c The amount of the unrecognized deferred tax liability for temporary differences related to investments in foreign subsidiaries and foreign corporate joint ventures that are essentially permanent in duration if determination of that liability is practicable or a statement that determination is not practicable. While paragraph [740-30-25-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-14) prohibits recognition of a tax [benefit](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#benefit "See Tax (or Benefit).") for tax deductions or favorable tax rates attributable to future dividends of undistributed earnings for which a deferred tax liability has not been recognized, favorable tax treatment would be reflected in measuring that unrecognized deferred tax liability for disclosure purposes. 4. d The amount of the deferred tax liability for temporary differences other than those in (c) (that is, undistributed domestic earnings) that is not recognized in accordance with the provisions of paragraph [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18). Transition date:(P) December 16, 2024; (N) December 16, 2025Transition guidance: [740-10-65-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-65-9) The following information shall be disclosed whenever a [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") is not recognized because of the exceptions to comprehensive recognition of deferred taxes related to subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures: 1. a A description of the types of temporary differences for which a deferred tax liability has not been recognized and the types of events that would cause those temporary differences to become taxable 2. b [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2023-09/). 3. c The amount of the unrecognized deferred tax liability for [temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") related to investments in foreign subsidiaries and foreign corporate joint ventures that are essentially permanent in duration if determination of that liability is practicable or a statement that determination is not practicable. While paragraph [740-30-25-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-14) prohibits recognition of a tax [benefit](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#benefit "See Tax (or Benefit).") for tax deductions or favorable tax rates attributable to future dividends of undistributed earnings for which a deferred tax liability has not been recognized, favorable tax treatment would be reflected in measuring that unrecognized deferred tax liability for disclosure purposes. 4. d The amount of the deferred tax liability for temporary differences other than those in (c) (that is, undistributed domestic earnings) that is not recognized in accordance with the provisions of paragraph [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:02.058Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:02.058Z Record version: sha256:521d38d31f50c37e748169ec689d5863d804c65779375e7fa04cbcbb98cd6c5a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-30-60: 60 Relationships [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#60-relationships) SEC content: no #### Financial Services—Depository and Lending ##### [740-30-60-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-60-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:02.058Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:02.058Z Record version: sha256:b4c171dc66c0f7748d26c5a11e90b98234dae2c4ef2017f0576727c36e92201c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For guidance on the tax consequences of bad debt reserves of savings and loans (and other qualified thrift lenders) that arose in tax years beginning before December 31, 1987, see Subtopic 942-740 on financial services—depository and lending—income taxes. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:07.776Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:34.477Z Record version: sha256:1a88a3311c8460726aea43b333c0032cdfd8f7784a175263c110835920a55e2a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805: Income Taxes — Business Combinations ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "ASC 740-805 (codified as 805-740) gives the income tax rules that apply when an acquirer accounts for a business combination or a not-for-profit acquisition. It requires recognizing deferred tax assets and liabilities (and valuation allowances) at the acquisition date for the differences between the tax bases and the recognized values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, measured under Subtopic 740-10 with no discounting. It also specifies exceptions (nondeductible goodwill, leveraged leases) and how post-acquisition changes in valuation allowances and acquired tax positions are recognized — through goodwill only within the measurement period, otherwise in income tax expense.", "key_points": [ "An acquirer recognizes a deferred tax asset or liability at the acquisition date for the acquiree's taxable and deductible temporary differences and operating loss/tax credit carryforwards, and assesses the need for a valuation allowance under Subtopic 740-10 (740-805-25-2 through 25-3).", "Exceptions to recognition are the portion of goodwill whose amortization is not tax deductible, leveraged leases (Subtopic 842-50), and the acquired temporary differences in paragraph 740-10-25-3(a) (740-805-25-3, 25-4).", "Deferred taxes acquired are measured under Subtopic 740-10 and discounting is prohibited (740-805-30-1).", "Goodwill is split into two components: the first (lesser of book or tax-deductible goodwill) generates temporary differences and deferred taxes; an excess of tax goodwill over book goodwill generates a deferred tax asset (computed by the simultaneous equations method, 740-805-55-10 through 55-13), while an excess of book goodwill over tax goodwill produces no deferred taxes ever (740-805-25-8 through 25-9).", "A change in the acquired entity's valuation allowance or an acquired tax position is recorded against goodwill only if it occurs within the measurement period and results from new information about acquisition-date facts (with a bargain purchase gain once goodwill is zero); all other changes go to income tax expense or contributed capital (740-805-45-2, 45-4).", "A reduction in the acquirer's own valuation allowance caused by the combination is not part of the acquisition accounting; it is recognized as an income tax benefit or credited to contributed capital (740-805-30-3, 35-2 through 35-3).", "For equity-classified replacement awards that ordinarily yield postcombination tax deductions, a deferred tax asset is recognized on the precombination portion included in consideration transferred; the excess or shortfall of the actual tax deduction versus the fair-value-based measure goes to income tax expense or benefit (740-805-25-10 through 25-11, 45-5)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Business combinations", "Recognition", "Initial measurement" ], "audience_level": "advanced", "student_note": "Exam favorites are the goodwill two-component rule (book goodwill in excess of tax goodwill never produces deferred taxes) and the post-2007 rule that valuation allowance releases outside the measurement period hit income tax expense, not goodwill. A common misunderstanding is treating any later reversal of an acquired valuation allowance as a goodwill adjustment — that only works within the measurement period and only for acquisition-date facts.", "related_topics": [ "740-10", "805-20", "805-30", "805-10", "350-20", "842-50" ], "key_concepts": [ "deferred tax assets and liabilities", "valuation allowance", "measurement period adjustments", "tax-deductible goodwill", "simultaneous equations method", "acquired tax positions", "replacement awards", "consolidated tax return" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:07.776Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:07.776Z Record version: sha256:6b7b2cf461ca10aa375250c5d820e570b94340aad7b56bb30e406a1009f3814c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-805-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:07.776Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:07.776Z Record version: sha256:625f9308b1d71cf0a5b84438d7853bbda1aa35ba2c6501a19c8abd8ad52f4c96 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
AcquireeAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
AcquirerAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0305/12/2025
Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit EntityAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
BusinessAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-0101/05/2017
Business CombinationAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
Commencement Date of the Lease (Commencement Date)AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
ContractAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
Excess Tax BenefitsSupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0903/30/2016
GoodwillAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2023-0508/23/2023
GoodwillAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
LeaseAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
LesseeAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
LessorAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
Leveraged LeaseAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
Temporary DifferenceAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
Underlying AssetAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
Variable Interest EntitySupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-0305/12/2025
805-740-05-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
805-740-05-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0701/28/2010
805-740-25-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
805-740-25-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0706/20/2018
805-740-25-11AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0706/20/2018
805-740-25-12AmendedMaintenance Update 2017-06 (PDF)04/07/2017
805-740-25-13AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0907/16/2018
805-740-30-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
805-740-45-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0903/30/2016
805-740-45-6SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0903/30/2016
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:10.131Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:10.131Z Record version: sha256:21c4112a3e2f1beffd8bba4dd98bb383fd37a542255ec4e95bee8a3b4ccd714a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-805-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:10.131Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:10.131Z Record version: sha256:7a21c61d20d40e0daaae1c07b401b4c53d0b2bfb875ad4b4f91c367ae7560f3a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides incremental guidance on accounting for [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") related to [business combinations](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#business-combination "A transaction or other event in which an acquirer obtains control of one or more businesses. Transactions sometimes referred to as true mergers or mergers of equals also are business combinations. See also Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit Entity.") and to [acquisitions by not-for-profit entities](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-by-a-not-for-profit-entity "A transaction or other event in which a not-for-profit acquirer obtains control of one or more nonprofit activities or businesses and initially recognizes their assets and liabilities in the acquirer's financial statements. When applicable guidance in Topic 805 is applied by a not-for-profit entity, the term business combination has the same meaning as this term has for a for-profit entity. Likewise, a reference to business combinations in guidance that links to Topic 805 has the same meaning as a reference to acquisitions by not-for-profit entities."). This Subtopic requires recognition of [deferred tax liabilities](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") and [deferred tax assets](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") (and related [valuation allowances](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized."), if necessary) for the [deferred tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-consequences "The future effects on income taxes as measured by the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law resulting from temporary differences and carryforwards at the end of the current year.") of differences between the tax bases and the recognized values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination or in an acquisition by a not-for-profit entity. ##### [740-805-05-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-05-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:10.131Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:10.131Z Record version: sha256:262eafe07cb1672f329c4bfbac659863db449ae8b2092a646a645bfe86225bb9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The recognition and measurement requirements related to accounting for income taxes in this Subtopic are exceptions to the recognition and measurement principles that are otherwise required for business combinations and acquisitions by not-for-profit entities, as established in Sections 805-20-25 and 805-20-30. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:12.417Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:12.417Z Record version: sha256:6cf720521c5a128f33c58d606814278b0274cae062e3dd271cf49cbd8262e3a0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-805-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:12.417Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:12.417Z Record version: sha256:43a547abcad350ac3c01d145b9e065564eb0fc36931d853feb6be89d6999a973 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 805-10-15. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:a4f2327ee309ca5ac6ae17cdc493f40f2d9cab42cbea9d820e183a045afa3bd7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#25-recognition) SEC content: no ##### [740-805-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:e2b84e4249380682298834d816e0a5f3942f1bb9f4da8e0fdc2af4be70084558 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section provides general guidance on the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities in connection with a [business combination](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#business-combination "A transaction or other event in which an acquirer obtains control of one or more businesses. Transactions sometimes referred to as true mergers or mergers of equals also are business combinations. See also Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit Entity."). It also addresses certain business-combination-specific matters relating to [goodwill](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/g/#goodwill "An asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination, acquired in an acquisition by a not-for-profit entity, or recognized by a joint venture upon formation that are not individually identified and separately recognized. For ease of reference, this term also includes the immediate charge recognized by not-for-profit entities in accordance with paragraph 958-805-25-29."), replacement awards, and the allocation of consolidated tax expense after an acquisition. ##### [740-805-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:3333cf322e92f1ae1f13723c94b70920009ec21e6e88ae9d6738dae00d90ecb5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An [acquirer](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquirer "The entity that obtains control of the acquiree. However, in a business combination in which a variable interest entity (VIE) is acquired, the primary beneficiary of that entity always is the acquirer. (P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026805-10-65-5The entity that obtains control of the acquiree.See paragraphs 805-10-25-4805-10-25-5 for guidance on determining the acquirer.") shall recognize a [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") or [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") arising from the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination and shall account for the potential tax effects of [temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences."), [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year."), and any income tax uncertainties of an [acquiree](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquiree "The business or businesses that the acquirer obtains control of in a business combination. This term also includes a nonprofit activity or business that a not-for-profit acquirer obtains control of in an acquisition by a not-for-profit entity.") that exist at the [acquisition date](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-date "The date on which the acquirer obtains control of the acquiree."), or that arise as a result of the acquisition, in accordance with the guidance in Subtopic 740-10 together with the incremental guidance provided in this Subtopic. ##### [740-805-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:26505b13969ee87e1fe457502a4d4bd54c6e290f07600d529d89b780bb5f99b0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As of the acquisition date, a deferred tax liability or asset shall be recognized for an acquired entity's taxable or [deductible temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deductible-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. See Temporary Difference.") or operating loss or tax credit carryforwards except for differences relating to the portion of goodwill for which amortization is not deductible for tax purposes, leveraged leases, and the specific acquired temporary differences identified in paragraph [740-10-25-3(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3). Taxable or deductible temporary differences arise from differences between the tax bases and the recognized values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Example 1 (see paragraph [805-740-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-2)) illustrates this guidance. An acquirer shall assess the need for a [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") as of the acquisition date for an acquired entity's deferred tax asset in accordance with Subtopic 740-10. ##### [740-805-25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:8e12443e860781191f040ef2deb0a2bf379cba1f0d94bf962146e45de2503be4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Guidance on tax-related matters related to the portion of goodwill for which amortization is not deductible for tax purposes is in paragraphs [805-740-25-8 through 25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-8) ; guidance on accounting for the acquisition of [leveraged leases](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#leveraged-lease "From the perspective of a lessor, a lease that was classified as a leveraged lease in accordance with the leases guidance in effect before the effective date and for which the commencement date is before the effective date.") in a business combination is in Subtopic 842-50; and guidance on the specific acquired temporary differences identified in paragraph [740-10-25-3(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3) is referred to in that paragraph. ##### [740-805-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:81509c08d80a72a059609fba30e0b1146fbcdb742d37a3fd0fb8cd7601d9280d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax bases used in the calculation of deferred tax assets and liabilities as well as amounts due to or receivable from taxing authorities related to prior [tax positions](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity.") at the date of a business combination shall be calculated in accordance with Subtopic 740-10. ##### [740-805-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:2f1fe233733cbf41f37182490548375a5d7b510a59b32dee3f2dbacaa9687120 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In a taxable business combination, the consideration paid is assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for financial reporting and tax purposes. However, the amounts recognized for particular assets and liabilities may differ for financial reporting and tax purposes. As required by paragraph [805-740-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-3), deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the [deferred tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-consequences "The future effects on income taxes as measured by the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law resulting from temporary differences and carryforwards at the end of the current year.") of those temporary differences. For example, a portion of the amount of goodwill for financial reporting may be allocated to some other asset for tax purposes, and amortization of that other asset may be deductible for tax purposes. If a valuation allowance is recognized for that deferred tax asset at the acquisition date, recognized benefits for those tax deductions after the acquisition date shall be applied in accordance with paragraph [805-740-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-2). ##### [740-805-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:94491a920cb6236cce4acd17e33b697bf47e865929779bd27ed724ff8752b3af Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Examples 1 through 3 (paragraphs [805-740-55-2 through 55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-2) ) for illustrations of the recognition of deferred tax assets and related valuation allowances at the date of a nontaxable business combination. #### Goodwill ##### [740-805-25-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:6352076ab432af6d0ff5a3a0c65349e15fdc642597bf223adaf1c0e14a8259c9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Guidance on the financial accounting for goodwill is provided in Subtopic 350-20. For tax purposes, amortization of goodwill is deductible in some tax jurisdictions. In those tax jurisdictions, the reported amount of goodwill and the tax basis of goodwill are each separated into two components as of the acquisition date for purposes of deferred tax calculations. The first component of each equals the lesser of goodwill for financial reporting or tax-deductible goodwill. The second component of each equals the remainder of each, that is, the remainder, if any, of goodwill for financial reporting or the remainder, if any, of tax-deductible goodwill. ##### [740-805-25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:2aee72672a40c15759be8b08c061f6174cea0ed4fdd333b06b2e1d716207682e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Any difference that arises between the book and tax basis of that first component of goodwill in future years is a temporary difference for which a deferred tax liability or asset is recognized based on the requirements of Subtopic 740-10. If that second component is an excess of tax-deductible goodwill over the reported amount of goodwill, the tax benefit for that excess is a temporary difference for which a deferred tax asset is recognized based on the requirements of that Subtopic (see Example 4 \[paragraph [805-740-55-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-9)\]). However, if that second component is an excess of goodwill for financial reporting over the tax-deductible amount of goodwill, no deferred taxes are recognized either at the acquisition date or in future years. #### Replacement Awards Classified as Equity ##### [740-805-25-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:2bee870541ca7234301cb412ab2fccfdae7bed99e5a264d6aa38b5d867b46da2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [805-30-30-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/805/30/#805-30-30-9) identifies the types of awards that are referred to as replacement awards in the Business Combinations Topic. For a replacement award classified as equity that ordinarily would result in postcombination tax deductions under current tax law, an acquirer shall recognize a deferred tax asset for the deductible temporary difference that relates to the portion of the [fair-value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.")\-based measure attributed to a precombination exchange of goods or services and therefore included in consideration transferred in the business combination. ##### [740-805-25-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:23fad98db6a8fbd764b02692f77457e01406be4c8dd4452f025ca62e73db6227 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For a replacement award classified as equity that ordinarily would not result in tax deductions under current tax law, an acquirer shall recognize no deferred tax asset for the portion of the fair-value-based measure attributed to precombination vesting and thus included in consideration transferred in the business combination. A future [event](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#event "A happening of consequence to an entity. The term encompasses both transactions and other events affecting an entity."), such as an employee's disqualifying disposition of shares under a tax law, may give rise to a tax deduction for instruments that ordinarily do not result in a tax deduction. The tax effects of such an event shall be recognized only when it occurs. #### Allocation of Consolidated Tax Expense to the Acquired Entity after an Acquisition ##### [740-805-25-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:2c31e1542a3c597d7a76b3fc384dcff0acbeb5a3403c2abc29ebf23704a2d77b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-30-27](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-27) provides general guidance on the allocation of consolidated tax expense to the separate financial statements of members of a consolidated group. Under certain conditions, paragraphs [805-50-25-4 through 25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/805/50/#805-50-25-4) permit an acquired entity to retain its preacquisition historical basis in separately issued financial statements after an acquisition. ##### [740-805-25-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:df3969a197b1ecb138f8c91fada7e37c8546119afb598aee96601134f5f7ecec Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If there is a continuation of the historical basis for financial reporting, for example, when pushdown accounting is not applied, at the same time as there is a tax basis step-up, the tax benefit from the tax basis step-up shall be credited to the acquired entity's additional paid-in capital consistent with paragraph [740-20-45-11(g)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/20/#740-20-45-11). 1. a [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-09/). 2. b [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-09/). 3. c [Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-09/). ##### [740-805-25-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:18.032Z Record version: sha256:e334c0dd2ff001381cb0d0e155cfd1d0dd375314e4813e811a7d50ee0bc4e4bb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-50-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-17) specifies the disclosure requirements for separately issued financial statements of an entity that is a member of a group that files a consolidated tax return. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:21.803Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:21.803Z Record version: sha256:a9210cb12974bb0799331a296e8452fa9c3debe5d6aa379330998311447d8932 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805-30: 30 Initial Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#30-initial-measurement) SEC content: no ##### [740-805-30-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-30-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:21.803Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:21.803Z Record version: sha256:4523400640ab9730575675ddf28aa0901a6acf4ae33a351415e48e5a156cf4aa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An [acquirer](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquirer "The entity that obtains control of the acquiree. However, in a business combination in which a variable interest entity (VIE) is acquired, the primary beneficiary of that entity always is the acquirer. (P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026805-10-65-5The entity that obtains control of the acquiree.See paragraphs 805-10-25-4805-10-25-5 for guidance on determining the acquirer.") shall measure a [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") or [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") arising from the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a [business combination](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#business-combination "A transaction or other event in which an acquirer obtains control of one or more businesses. Transactions sometimes referred to as true mergers or mergers of equals also are business combinations. See also Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit Entity.") in accordance with Subtopic 740-10. Discounting deferred tax assets or liabilities is prohibited for [temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") (except for [leveraged leases](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#leveraged-lease "From the perspective of a lessor, a lease that was classified as a leveraged lease in accordance with the leases guidance in effect before the effective date and for which the commencement date is before the effective date."), see Subtopic 842-50) related to business combinations as it is for other temporary differences. ##### [740-805-30-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-30-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:21.803Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:21.803Z Record version: sha256:c27246d0e822ce548c6fcb4070a511913c835224f599332cb8f7deb07726d1d0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Example 1 (paragraph [805-740-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-2)) for an illustration of the measurement of deferred tax assets and a related [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") at the date of a nontaxable business combination. ##### [740-805-30-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-30-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:21.803Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:21.803Z Record version: sha256:81677d54550a084fe2f673d628dea61891358267411a2fe82da246d9c1a8083d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax law in some tax jurisdictions may permit the future use of either of the combining entities' deductible temporary differences or [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") to reduce [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") or taxes payable attributable to the other entity after the business combination. If the combined entity expects to file a consolidated tax return, an acquirer may determine that as a result of the [business combination](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#business-combination "A transaction or other event in which an acquirer obtains control of one or more businesses. Transactions sometimes referred to as true mergers or mergers of equals also are business combinations. See also Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit Entity.") its valuation for its deferred tax assets should be changed. For example, the acquirer may be able to utilize the benefit of its tax operating loss carryforwards against the future taxable profit of the [acquiree](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquiree "The business or businesses that the acquirer obtains control of in a business combination. This term also includes a nonprofit activity or business that a not-for-profit acquirer obtains control of in an acquisition by a not-for-profit entity."). In such cases, the acquirer reduces its valuation allowance based on the weight of available evidence. However, that reduction does not enter into the accounting for the business combination but is recognized as an income tax benefit (or credited directly to contributed capital \[see paragraph [740-10-45-20](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-20)\]). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:25.581Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:25.581Z Record version: sha256:afe52dd95c65a8e160f5b8fefd0860e4e617c69ab4f2d051a21077eaaef08131 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805-35: 35 Subsequent Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#35-subsequent-measurement) SEC content: no ##### [740-805-35-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-35-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:25.581Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:25.581Z Record version: sha256:3f5aefba6f6766a6eab472bb03e6029b3822e1053e62c670d89dc24e8fbb478f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An [acquirer](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquirer "The entity that obtains control of the acquiree. However, in a business combination in which a variable interest entity (VIE) is acquired, the primary beneficiary of that entity always is the acquirer. (P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026805-10-65-5The entity that obtains control of the acquiree.See paragraphs 805-10-25-4805-10-25-5 for guidance on determining the acquirer.") may have a [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") for its own [deferred tax assets](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") at the time of a [business combination](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#business-combination "A transaction or other event in which an acquirer obtains control of one or more businesses. Transactions sometimes referred to as true mergers or mergers of equals also are business combinations. See also Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit Entity."). The guidance in this Section addresses measurement of that valuation allowance and the potential need to distinguish the separate pasts of the acquirer and the acquired entity in the measurement of valuation allowances together with expected future results of operations. Guidance on the subsequent measurement of deferred tax assets or liabilities arising from the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, and any income tax uncertainties of an acquiree that exist at the acquisition date, or that arise as a result of the acquisition, is provided in Subtopic 740-10. ##### [740-805-35-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-35-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:25.581Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:25.581Z Record version: sha256:fcbbb5836a43624c89a439f171fadf3fb85f08c76e57ed172aea9dbd7db921eb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Changes in the acquirer's valuation allowance, if any, that result from the business combination shall reflect any provisions in the tax law that restrict the future use of either of the combining entities' deductible temporary differences or [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") to reduce [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") or taxes payable attributable to the other entity after the business combination. ##### [740-805-35-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-35-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:25.581Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:25.581Z Record version: sha256:f445bc75825b323a6382151130d45f303867e25f376e84048a2671b2dbc4b38c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Any changes in the acquirer's valuation allowance shall be accounted for in accordance with paragraph [805-740-30-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-30-3). For example, the tax law may limit the use of the acquired entity's deductible temporary differences and carryforwards to subsequent taxable income of the acquired entity included in a consolidated tax return for the combined entity. In that circumstance, or if the acquired entity will file a separate tax return, the need for a valuation allowance for some portion or all of the acquired entity's deferred tax assets for deductible temporary differences and carryforwards is assessed based on the acquired entity's separate past and expected future results of operations. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z Record version: sha256:46faa113c67e93b6091be28ebe5a2e537a2617b1e22dd113b2323c0bc3ac4ec1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no ##### [740-805-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z Record version: sha256:51a5910f5cd2e1fa8c60f78154a0b7f5648e7ae97e6b62472516e94f4e5f4beb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section addresses how an [acquirer](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquirer "The entity that obtains control of the acquiree. However, in a business combination in which a variable interest entity (VIE) is acquired, the primary beneficiary of that entity always is the acquirer. (P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026805-10-65-5The entity that obtains control of the acquiree.See paragraphs 805-10-25-4805-10-25-5 for guidance on determining the acquirer.") recognizes changes in [valuation allowances](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") and [tax positions](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity.") related to an acquisition and the accounting for tax deductions for replacement awards. #### Changes in Valuation Allowances ##### [740-805-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z Record version: sha256:394b5ff7ac5b212a66461164e01bcddf9b3efe49ecec35ffda0ddbae8f971e9f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The effect of a change in a valuation allowance for an acquired entity's [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") shall be recognized as follows: 1. a Changes within the measurement period that result from new information about facts and circumstances that existed at the [acquisition date](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-date "The date on which the acquirer obtains control of the acquiree.") shall be recognized through a corresponding adjustment to [goodwill](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/g/#goodwill "An asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination, acquired in an acquisition by a not-for-profit entity, or recognized by a joint venture upon formation that are not individually identified and separately recognized. For ease of reference, this term also includes the immediate charge recognized by not-for-profit entities in accordance with paragraph 958-805-25-29."). However, once goodwill is reduced to zero, an acquirer shall recognize any additional decrease in the valuation allowance as a bargain purchase in accordance with paragraphs [805-30-25-2 through 25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/805/30/#805-30-25-2) . See paragraphs [805-10-25-13 through 25-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/805/10/#805-10-25-13) and [805-10-30-2 through 30-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/805/10/#805-10-30-2) for a discussion of the measurement period in the context of a [business combination](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#business-combination "A transaction or other event in which an acquirer obtains control of one or more businesses. Transactions sometimes referred to as true mergers or mergers of equals also are business combinations. See also Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit Entity."). 2. b All other changes shall be reported as a reduction or increase to income tax expense (or a direct adjustment to contributed capital as required by paragraphs [740-10-45-20 through 45-21](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-45-20) ). ##### [740-805-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z Record version: sha256:21d69268b0c174259cca0d02dfa33b58f803793cf994cf1221ca90d0013cfecd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Example 2 (see paragraph [805-740-55-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-4)) illustrates this guidance relating to accounting for a change in an acquired entity's valuation allowance. #### Changes in Tax Positions ##### [740-805-45-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z Record version: sha256:5e402491076aeaf083416945394a64286c8b9ad8562745f5dd04e4ffb2d5962e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The effect of a change to an acquired [tax position](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-position "A position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. A tax position can result in a permanent reduction of income taxes payable, a deferral of income taxes otherwise currently payable to future years, or a change in the expected realizability of deferred tax assets. The term tax position also encompasses, but is not limited to: A decision not to file a tax return An allocation or a shift of income between jurisdictions The characterization of income or a decision to exclude reporting taxable income in a tax return A decision to classify a transaction, entity, or other position in a tax return as tax exempt An entity's status, including its status as a pass-through entity or a tax-exempt not-for-profit entity."), or those that arise as a result of the acquisition, shall be recognized as follows: 1. a Changes within the measurement period that result from new information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date shall be recognized through a corresponding adjustment to goodwill. However, once goodwill is reduced to zero, the remaining portion of that adjustment shall be recognized as a gain on a bargain purchase in accordance with paragraphs [805-30-25-2 through 25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/805/30/#805-30-25-2) . 2. b All other changes in acquired income tax positions shall be accounted for in accordance with the accounting requirements for tax positions established in Subtopic 740-10. #### Tax Deductions for Replacement Awards ##### [740-805-45-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z Record version: sha256:d9b4a851b1db568557eab7a401ea13a371c98884412cc77a22a98a1ed7b85362 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [805-30-30-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/805/30/#805-30-30-9) identifies the types of awards that are referred to as replacement awards in this Topic. After the acquisition date, the deduction reported on a tax return for a replacement award classified as equity may be different from the [fair-value](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#fair-value "The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.")\-based measure of the award. The tax effect of that difference shall be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement of the acquirer. ##### [740-805-45-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:27.324Z Record version: sha256:89e8a419f53d21a0d8def24c821450f9812c9a16f6a6a14b65b80222b22c7731 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2016-09/). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:29.723Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:29.723Z Record version: sha256:68bb00aee82a89ae09582c5b2961eb5598aabbdfad54ea44f6948ea726c47b7f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no #### Change in Acquirer's Valuation Allowance as a Result of a Business Combination ##### [740-805-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:29.723Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:29.723Z Record version: sha256:e2af4209227d7869b8de9b2f668b75151de20c74d3b911a490e974a6b64efb11 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [805-740-30-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-30-3) describes a situation where an [acquirer](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquirer "The entity that obtains control of the acquiree. However, in a business combination in which a variable interest entity (VIE) is acquired, the primary beneficiary of that entity always is the acquirer. (P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026805-10-65-5The entity that obtains control of the acquiree.See paragraphs 805-10-25-4805-10-25-5 for guidance on determining the acquirer.") reduces its [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") for deferred tax assets as a result of a [business combination](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#business-combination "A transaction or other event in which an acquirer obtains control of one or more businesses. Transactions sometimes referred to as true mergers or mergers of equals also are business combinations. See also Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit Entity."). Paragraph [740-10-50-9(h)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-9) requires disclosure of adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balance of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") in future years. That would include, for example, any [acquisition-date](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-date "The date on which the acquirer obtains control of the acquiree.") income tax benefits or expenses recognized from changes in the acquirer's valuation allowance for its previously existing deferred tax assets as a result of a business combination. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:0f7bb656cb7260d7ecc75b0e764dc8dbf61aa2e06a5f0fabda41f77b4416eaf3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-805-55: 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: no ##### [740-805-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:47416f997d47717cd45533bc3dd02fced7b372f9a88c05f2b78a23bce1b42c64 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section is an integral part of the requirements of this Subtopic. This Section provides illustrations that address the application of accounting requirements to specific aspects of accounting for [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") in connection with [business combinations](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#business-combination "A transaction or other event in which an acquirer obtains control of one or more businesses. Transactions sometimes referred to as true mergers or mergers of equals also are business combinations. See also Acquisition by a Not-for-Profit Entity."). The illustrations that follow make various assumptions about the tax law. These assumptions about the tax law are for illustrative purposes only. #### Illustrations ##### [740-805-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:33e32b5054564bde3954efda33f1940d19b9d7095b7b876b5b75477505a46085 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [805-740-25-2 through 25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-2) and [805-740-30-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-30-1) relating to the recognition and measurement of a [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") and [deferred tax asset](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-asset "The deferred tax consequences attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. A deferred tax asset is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law. A deferred tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.") in a nontaxable business combination. The assumptions are as follows: 1. a The enacted tax rate is 40 percent for all future years, and amortization of [goodwill](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/g/#goodwill "An asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination, acquired in an acquisition by a not-for-profit entity, or recognized by a joint venture upon formation that are not individually identified and separately recognized. For ease of reference, this term also includes the immediate charge recognized by not-for-profit entities in accordance with paragraph 958-805-25-29.") is not deductible for tax purposes. 2. b A wholly owned entity is acquired for $20,000, and the entity has no leveraged leases. 3. c The tax basis of the net assets acquired (other than goodwill) is $5,000, and the recognized value is $12,000. Future recovery of the assets and settlement of the liabilities at their assigned values will result in $20,000 of taxable amounts and $13,000 of deductible amounts that can be offset against each other. Therefore, no [valuation allowance](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/v/#valuation-allowance "The portion of a deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.") is necessary. ##### [740-805-55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:06b12254a287f77afdd40f8c2a4cff06b40990233756bf306bd7c5f36d23481a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The amounts recorded to account for the business combination transaction are as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-C109C0BA-D796-40DB-920D-62D26EF577CB-low.gif) Recognized value of the net assets (other than goodwill) acquired " $12,000 " "Deferred tax liability for $20,000 of taxable temporary differences" " (8,000)" "Deferred tax asset for $13,000 of deductible temporary differences" " 5,200 " Goodwill " 10,800 " Consideration paid for the acquiree " $20,000 " ##### [740-805-55-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:e6d637864a90311365630268ec2cd10ea313eb2a3fe7290e94306b101ee2aef8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [805-740-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-3) and [805-740-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-2) relating to the recognition of a deferred tax asset and the related valuation allowance for acquired [deductible temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deductible-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. See Temporary Difference.") at the date of a nontaxable business combination and in subsequent periods when the tax law limits the use of an acquired entity's deductible temporary differences and [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") to subsequent [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") of the acquired entity in a consolidated tax return. The assumptions are as follows: 1. a The enacted tax rate is 40 percent for all future years. 2. b The purchase price is $20,000, and the assigned value of the net assets acquired is also $20,000. 3. c The tax basis of the net assets acquired is $60,000. The $40,000 ($60,000 - $20,000) of deductible temporary differences at the combination date is primarily attributable to an allowance for loan losses. Provisions in the tax law limit the use of those future tax deductions to subsequent taxable income of the acquired entity. 4. d The acquired entity's actual pretax results for the two preceding years and the expected results for the year of the business combination are as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-C662A027-0ECC-4994-A26A-0F2C27FC6102-low.gif) Year 1 " $(15,000)" Year 2 " (10,000)" Year 3 to the combination date " (5,000)" Expected results for the remainder of Year 3 " (5,000)" 5. e Based on assessments of all evidence available at the date of the business combination in Year 3 and at the end of Year 3, management concludes that a valuation allowance is needed at both dates for the entire amount of the deferred tax asset related to the acquired deductible temporary differences. ##### [740-805-55-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:416d449638c7de2c2d5c161ce0ca5ff7475b11a7cb754f88800800dc5c1cc6ef Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The acquired entity's pretax financial income and taxable income for Year 3 (after the business combination) and Year 4 are as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-7583C246-D22B-427F-BFAE-98A21C2BE95C-low.gif) Year 3 Year 4 Pretax financial income " $15,000 " " $10,000 " Reversals of acquired deductible temporary differences " (15,000)" " (10,000)" Taxable income $- $- ##### [740-805-55-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:62906393b38a9bccc4faea33235fe703c1fd4b1005b8e57bc05326e7cd233e4e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. At the end of Year 4, the remaining balance of acquired deductible temporary differences is $15,000 ($40,000 − $25,000). The deferred tax asset is $6,000 ($15,000 at 40 percent). Based on an assessment of all available evidence at the end of Year 4, management concludes that no valuation allowance is needed for that $6,000 deferred tax asset. Elimination of the $6,000 valuation allowance results in a $6,000 deferred tax benefit that is reported as a reduction of deferred income tax expense because the reversal of the valuation allowance occurred after the measurement period (see paragraph [805-740-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-45-2)). Tax benefits realized in Years 3 and 4 attributable to reversals of acquired deductible temporary differences are reported as a zero current income tax expense. The consolidated statement of earnings would include the following amounts attributable to the acquired entity for Year 3 (after the business combination) and Year 4. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-6B9A488E-53A1-4511-B4CB-909E62E200A5-low.gif) Year 3 Year 4 Pretax financial income " $15,000 " " $10,000 " Income tax expense (benefit): Current - - Deferred - " (6,000)" Net income " $15,000 " " $16,000 " ##### [740-805-55-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:f8b11ea51edd6364fe098d9b155138f59443bc722a5d6c276c28062584b5ef5f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraph [805-740-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-3) if there is an elimination of the need for a valuation allowance for the deferred tax asset for an acquired loss carryforward based on offset against [taxable temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in taxable amounts in future years when the related asset is recovered or the related liability is settled. See Temporary Difference.") of the acquiring entity in a nontaxable business combination. This Example assumes that the tax law permits use of an acquired entity's deductible temporary differences and carryforwards to reduce taxable income or taxes payable attributable to the acquiring entity in a consolidated tax return. The other assumptions are as follows: 1. a The enacted tax rate is 40 percent for all future years. 2. b The purchase price is $20,000. The tax basis of the identified net assets acquired is $5,000, and the assigned value is $12,000, that is, there are $7,000 of taxable temporary differences. The acquired entity also has a $16,000 operating loss carryforward, which, under the tax law, may be used by the acquiring entity in the consolidated tax return. 3. c The acquiring entity has temporary differences that will result in $30,000 of net taxable amounts in future years. 4. d All temporary differences of the acquired and acquiring entities will result in taxable amounts before the end of the acquired entity's loss carryforward period. ##### [740-805-55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:02728627808837ea049380d4b45a63595dbe1b2cc7c320756fbf059eb86f498a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, future taxable income exclusive of reversing [temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") and carryforwards (see paragraph [740-10-30-18(b)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18)) need not be considered because the $16,000 operating loss carryforward will offset the acquired entity's $7,000 of taxable temporary differences and another $9,000 of the acquiring entity's taxable temporary differences. The amounts recorded to account for the purchase transaction are as follows. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-2920A900-5681-4A94-88DF-4B1545A97E80-low.gif) Assigned value of the identified net assets acquired " $12,000 " "Deferred tax liability recognized for the acquired entity's taxable temporary differences ($7,000 at 40 percent)" " (2,800)" "Deferred tax asset recognized for the acquired loss carryforward based on offset against the acquired company's taxable temporary differences ($7,000 at 40 percent)" " 2,800 " "Deferred tax asset recognized for the acquired loss carryforward based on offset against the acquiring entity's taxable temporary differences ($9,000 at 40 percent)" " 3,600 " Goodwill " 4,400 " Purchase price of the acquired entity " $20,000 " ##### [740-805-55-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:1743972b73692f48162d25fce02aac27d9dd7bcf920390ebc3a6953c1a15d92e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [805-740-25-8 through 25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-25-8) on accounting for the [tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-consequences "The effects on income taxes—current or deferred—of an event.") of goodwill when tax-deductible goodwill exceeds the goodwill recorded for financial reporting at the [acquisition date](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#acquisition-date "The date on which the acquirer obtains control of the acquiree."). The assumptions are as follows: 1. a At the acquisition date, the reported amount of goodwill for financial reporting purposes is $600 before taking into consideration the tax benefit associated with goodwill and the tax basis of goodwill is $900. 2. b The tax rate is 40 percent for all years. ##### [740-805-55-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:ba825f3ac57c811195ab7608e3a80d4eeee0982e5e5549e8cf32460a7d38b0ef Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As of the acquisition date, the goodwill for financial reporting purposes is adjusted for the tax benefit associated with goodwill by using the following simultaneous equations method. In the following equation, the Preliminary Temporary Difference variable is the excess of tax goodwill over book goodwill, before taking into consideration the tax benefit associated with goodwill, and the Deferred Tax Asset variable is the resulting deferred tax asset. - (Tax Rate ÷ \[1 − Tax Rate\]) × Preliminary Temporary Difference = Deferred Tax Asset ##### [740-805-55-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:e853ff9d15bb2d2d1d6127bd4c4b5568c9316d0a11c3170425cedd5bb330d930 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Example, the following variables are known: - Tax rate = 40 percent - Preliminary Temporary Difference = $300 ($900 − $600) ##### [740-805-55-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:9644f7211f1bc087ba091a097da8c8ce07c3f602cb023d7a4a09e38dea8b80d9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The unknown variable (Deferred Tax Asset) equals $200, and the goodwill for financial reporting purposes would be adjusted with the following entry. - ![](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-14B013F6-1DEE-44E5-B4E3-0378FFA67919-low.gif) Deferred tax asset 200 Goodwill 200 ##### [740-805-55-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/805/#740-805-55-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:32.090Z Record version: sha256:47d26bdc9dab7e6623512013ba8a87da3cbfadcdb65b7f7fa2fcd6650afac556 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Goodwill for financial reporting would be established at the acquisition date at $400 ($600 less the $200 credit adjustment). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:38.556Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:00.224Z Record version: sha256:be9bc96d8067bc7fde5babcccababe6a561892328ceafe96339dcfdf8d799c1e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-830: Income Taxes — Foreign Currency Matters ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "This subtopic governs deferred tax accounting for basis differences that arise in foreign operations when tax or financial reporting bases are restated — because of a change in functional currency, general price-level (inflation) indexing, or a functional currency that differs from the local currency. Its core rules: when an economy ceases to be highly inflationary and new functional currency bases are established for nonmonetary items, the resulting differences from local currency tax bases are temporary differences requiring deferred taxes recognized in other comprehensive income as an adjustment to cumulative translation adjustments (830-740-45-2); by contrast, no deferred taxes are recognized for nonmonetary assets remeasured at historical exchange rates whose differences arise from exchange rate changes or tax indexing (740-10-25-3(f)).", "key_points": [ "When an economy ceases to be highly inflationary and the functional currency changes from the reporting currency to the local currency, new functional currency bases for nonmonetary items are established by translating historical reporting currency amounts at current rates, and the excess of those bases over local currency tax bases is a temporary difference for which deferred taxes must be recognized (830-740-25-2 through 25-3).", "Those deferred taxes are presented as an adjustment to the cumulative translation adjustments component of shareholders' equity and recognized in other comprehensive income (830-740-45-2).", "For price-level restated foreign financial statements using end-of-current-year purchasing power units, temporary differences equal the difference between the indexed tax basis amount and the price-level restated financial reporting amount (830-740-25-5).", "Deferred tax expense or benefit in price-level restated statements is the difference between current year-end deferred tax balances and prior year-end deferred tax balances remeasured into current purchasing power units; the remeasurement of the prior-year balances is reported as a restatement of beginning equity (830-740-30-1 through 30-2).", "The indefinite reversal criteria of Subtopic 740-30 do not apply to inside basis differences of a foreign subsidiary, so a deferred tax liability must be provided on a tax revaluation surplus that will become taxable on liquidation or distribution (830-740-25-7 through 25-8).", "No deferred tax liability or asset is recognized for differences on assets and liabilities remeasured from local currency into the functional currency at historical exchange rates that result from exchange rate changes or tax indexing (740-10-25-3(f); 830-740-25-10).", "When the reporting currency is the functional currency, remeasuring a deferred foreign tax liability or asset after an exchange rate change produces a transaction gain or loss in net income that may be presented within deferred tax expense or benefit, but it remains part of the aggregate transaction gain or loss disclosed under 830-20-45-1 (830-740-45-1)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Foreign currency", "Recognition", "Presentation" ], "audience_level": "advanced", "student_note": "Exam traps: deferred taxes arising when an economy stops being highly inflationary go to OCI/CTA, not to income tax expense; and the indefinite reversal exception of 740-30 never applies to inside basis differences such as a tax revaluation surplus. Also remember the flip side — no deferred taxes at all for nonmonetary items remeasured at historical rates under 740-10-25-3(f).", "related_topics": [ "740-10", "740-30", "830-10", "830-20", "830-30", "220-10" ], "key_concepts": [ "temporary differences", "functional currency change", "highly inflationary economy", "price-level restatement", "inside versus outside basis differences", "revaluation surplus", "cumulative translation adjustment", "historical exchange rate remeasurement" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:38.556Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:38.556Z Record version: sha256:656aa93199cb5e5c220c019886bbd338f1ac1bb3b68fd36f9e220c85481e6804 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-830-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-830-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:38.556Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:38.556Z Record version: sha256:a3a702360b0b2ab52665e3cf434413bb00454b455910429b86bdfddfa8e9f69d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
Temporary DifferenceAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
830-740-25-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-1010/29/2020
830-740-25-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-1010/29/2020
830-740-25-6AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-1010/29/2020
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:42.132Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:42.132Z Record version: sha256:844a9259bd96846427cbf48677ee9b75ffacc49481e4eb95e35de49c0e0d101f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-830-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-830-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:42.132Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:42.132Z Record version: sha256:0dc5fe88420b69a934be12a2a6894ec45a74a878ccbb32eb8680a48917a05111 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Topic 740 addresses the majority of differences between the financial reporting (or book) basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities (basis differences). ##### [740-830-05-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-05-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:42.132Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:42.132Z Record version: sha256:af694cb82a4ac5d093d83e06946dada7e3230a2054e361737c77c8d9e533f632 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic addresses the accounting for specific types of basis differences for entities operating in foreign countries. The accounting addressed in this Subtopic is limited to the deferred tax accounting for changes in tax or financial reporting bases due to their restatement under the requirements of tax laws or generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States. These changes arise from tax or financial reporting basis changes caused by any of the following: 1. a Changes in an entity's [functional currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#functional-currency "An entity's functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates; normally, that is the currency of the environment in which an entity primarily generates and expends cash. (See paragraphs 830-10-45-2830-10-45-3830-10-45-4830-10-45-5830-10-45-6 and 830-10-55-3830-10-55-4830-10-55-5830-10-55-6830-10-55-7.)") 2. b Price-level related changes 3. c A [foreign entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#foreign-entity "An operation (for example, subsidiary, division, branch, joint venture, and so forth) whose financial statements are both: Prepared in a currency other than the reporting currency of the reporting entity Combined or consolidated with or accounted for on the equity basis in the financial statements of the reporting entity.")'s functional currency being different from its [local currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#local-currency "The currency of a particular country being referred to."). This Subtopic addresses whether these changes, which can affect the amount of basis differences, result in recognition of changes to deferred tax assets or liabilities. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:44.147Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:44.147Z Record version: sha256:1fb1d42b875363441294932d66dcad6f141941bba145870f7d49e00de71521c0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-830-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-830-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:44.147Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:44.147Z Record version: sha256:1b99e5ffe44dced876e9483ef5fcff9c237db18993ccaf121c86a9cf3cc8cd9d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 830-10-15, with specific qualifications noted below. #### Entities ##### [740-830-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-15-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:44.147Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:44.147Z Record version: sha256:e302898a4862f2d1beefea266d154e7098218eaed87ded9d32734b957cc4786e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic applies to all entities operating in foreign countries. #### Transactions ##### [740-830-15-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-15-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:44.147Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:44.147Z Record version: sha256:97f82d107a213ae62c364fec8a6161bd96fc4c56bd1c95709740e53db26132d8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic applies to certain specified deferred tax accounting matters, specifically to the income [tax consequences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#tax-consequences "The effects on income taxes—current or deferred—of an event.") of changes to tax or financial reporting bases from their restatements caused by: 1. a Changes in an entity's [functional currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#functional-currency "An entity's functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates; normally, that is the currency of the environment in which an entity primarily generates and expends cash. (See paragraphs 830-10-45-2830-10-45-3830-10-45-4830-10-45-5830-10-45-6 and 830-10-55-3830-10-55-4830-10-55-5830-10-55-6830-10-55-7.)") 2. b Price-level related changes 3. c A [foreign entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#foreign-entity "An operation (for example, subsidiary, division, branch, joint venture, and so forth) whose financial statements are both: Prepared in a currency other than the reporting currency of the reporting entity Combined or consolidated with or accounted for on the equity basis in the financial statements of the reporting entity.")'s functional currency being different from its [local currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#local-currency "The currency of a particular country being referred to."). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:1d0a758f3d0aca51a988f200e3debdd1bc65838899839baf5426f21c882d2c84 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-830-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#25-recognition) SEC content: no #### Remeasurement Changes Causing Deferred Tax Recognition ##### [740-830-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:fa8db901f5d8af28418ff3bb468368a297023e87a66ae8034686c4e7dc8c693b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section addresses basis differences that result from remeasurement of assets and liabilities due to changes in [functional currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#functional-currency "An entity's functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates; normally, that is the currency of the environment in which an entity primarily generates and expends cash. (See paragraphs 830-10-45-2830-10-45-3830-10-45-4830-10-45-5830-10-45-6 and 830-10-55-3830-10-55-4830-10-55-5830-10-55-6830-10-55-7.)") and price levels. These remeasurement changes will often affect the amount of temporary differences for which deferred taxes are recognized. ##### [740-830-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:07a9254bf6343d9ae6993aee54eea21b57cb4b04784ca5daeb4a50a755e82877 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Subtopic 830-10 requires that a change in functional currency from the [reporting currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#reporting-currency "The currency in which a reporting entity prepares its financial statements.") to the [local currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#local-currency "The currency of a particular country being referred to.") when an economy ceases to be considered highly inflationary shall be accounted for by establishing new functional currency bases for nonmonetary items. Those bases are computed by translating the historical reporting currency amounts of nonmonetary items into the local currency at current exchange rates. ##### [740-830-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:8342defe93dc4e4f0683b6596b64f483045b27aa3be37d1dc88328f1752040b4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As a result of applying those requirements, the functional currency bases generally will exceed the local currency tax bases of nonmonetary items. The differences between the new functional currency bases and the tax bases represent temporary differences under Subtopic 740-10, for which deferred taxes shall be recognized. Paragraph [830-740-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-45-2) addresses the presentation of the effect of recognizing these deferred taxes. ##### [740-830-25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:cf96da2f4e661d058689504b229f0d402baee47b5497ed072ea35ac445e946f1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Entities located in countries with highly inflationary economies may prepare financial statements restated for general price-level changes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States. The tax bases of assets and liabilities of those entities are often restated for the effects of inflation. ##### [740-830-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:2d76ed0b57a3982257f8b5ad6bb89991e48d90c961bf19f03217224f97257b85 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. When preparing financial statements restated for general price-level changes using end-of-current-year purchasing power units, temporary differences are determined based on the difference between the indexed tax basis amount of the asset or liability and the related price-level restated amount reported in the financial statements. Example 1 (see paragraph [830-740-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-55-1)) illustrates the application of this guidance. #### Inside Basis Differences within Foreign Subsidiaries That Meet the Indefinite Reversal Criterion ##### [740-830-25-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:fc13626c385a0bc4df3c4a9f000a041f60bbf1067c77aa353ec4cdd88e553a64 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Temporary differences within an entity's foreign subsidiaries are referred to as inside basis differences. Differences between the tax basis and the financial reporting basis of an investment in a foreign subsidiary are referred to as outside basis differences. ##### [740-830-25-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:ef3f6ed2941badff16b6991a7aa3c5500e5efa19c94c55727c205bf9265b7489 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Inside basis differences of a foreign subsidiary of a U.S. parent where the local currency is the functional currency may result from foreign laws that provide for the occasional restatement of fixed assets for tax purposes to compensate for the effects of inflation. The amount that offsets the increase in the tax basis of fixed assets is sometimes described as a credit to revaluation surplus, which some view as a component of equity for tax purposes. That amount becomes taxable in certain situations, such as in the event of a liquidation of the foreign subsidiary or if the earnings associated with the revaluation surplus are distributed. In this situation, it is assumed that no mechanisms are available under the tax law to avoid eventual treatment of the revaluation surplus as taxable income. The indefinite reversal criteria of Subtopic 740-30 shall not be applied to inside basis differences of a foreign subsidiary, as indicated in paragraph [740-30-25-17](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-17), and a [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") shall be provided on the amount of the revaluation surplus. ##### [740-830-25-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:3f276883bfe853226e60e916ee8b8beb23fa0882cfc871b54583b4bc72692105 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-25-24](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-24) indicates that some temporary differences are deferred [taxable income](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-income "The excess of taxable revenues over tax deductible expenses and exemptions for the year as defined by the governmental taxing authority.") and have balances only on the income tax balance sheet. Therefore, these differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting purposes. Because the inside basis difference related to the revaluation surplus results in taxable amounts in future years based on the provisions of the foreign tax law, it qualifies as a [temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#temporary-difference "A difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability computed pursuant to the requirements in Subtopic 740-10 for tax positions, and its reported amount in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Paragraph 740-10-25-20 cites examples of temporary differences. Some temporary differences cannot be identified with a particular asset or liability for financial reporting (see paragraphs 740-10-05-10 and 740-10-25-24740-10-25-25), but those temporary differences do meet both of the following conditions: Result from events that have been recognized in the financial statements Will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years based on provisions of the tax law. Some events recognized in financial statements do not have tax consequences. Certain revenues are exempt from taxation and certain expenses are not deductible. Events that do not have tax consequences do not give rise to temporary differences.") even though it may be characterized as a component of equity for tax purposes. Subtopic 740-30 clearly limits the indefinite reversal criterion to the temporary differences described in paragraph [740-10-25-3(a)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3) and shall not be applied to analogous types of temporary differences. #### Remeasurement Changes Not Resulting in Deferred Tax Recognition ##### [740-830-25-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:f408f434fcfd258c8412f6033bc1957de0e372a263a07df4cc2651de46938f8b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Some remeasurement-caused changes in basis differences do not result in recognition of deferred taxes. ##### [740-830-25-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:b4a24b2129cd42c34bea1e566790100bad4984abc52a46358cd59021fd7b491e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As indicated in paragraph [740-10-25-3(f)](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3), recognition is prohibited for a deferred tax liability or asset for differences related to assets and liabilities that, under the requirements of Subtopic 830-10, are remeasured from the local currency into the functional currency using historical exchange rates and that result from changes in exchange rates or indexing for tax purposes. ##### [740-830-25-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:51.457Z Record version: sha256:091d0f3ac52c2039cbf71f6779999510ac3280b3b8e710819425eaec080e0d1a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [830-10-45-16](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/830/10/#830-10-45-16) provides additional guidance on accounting for the eventual recognition of indexing related deferred tax benefits after an entity's functional currency changes from the [foreign currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#foreign-currency "A currency other than the functional currency of the entity being referred to (for example, the dollar could be a foreign currency for a foreign entity). Composites of currencies, such as the Special Drawing Rights, used to set prices or denominate amounts of loans, and so forth, have the characteristics of foreign currency.") to the reporting currency because the foreign economy becomes highly inflationary. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:54.305Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:54.305Z Record version: sha256:1a1157b9ddfa668ac48582cf283a6f9b1a8c1374e05b525fc14908278126c8ae Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-830-30: 30 Initial Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#30-initial-measurement) SEC content: no #### Foreign Financial Statements Restated for General Price Level Changes ##### [740-830-30-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-30-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:54.305Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:54.305Z Record version: sha256:2e5f5c735147b72d6c078f39c2ac190f72c765ecf7aacf5d1c0f16c157b2d25b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In foreign financial statements that are restated for general price-level changes, the deferred tax expense or [benefit](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#benefit "See Tax (or Benefit).") shall be calculated as the difference between the following two measures: 1. a Deferred tax assets and liabilities reported at the end of the current year, determined in accordance with paragraph [830-740-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-5) 2. b Deferred tax assets and liabilities reported at the end of the prior year, remeasured to units of current general purchasing power at the end of the current year. ##### [740-830-30-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-30-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:54.305Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:54.305Z Record version: sha256:d1343a61613de5e363670964b565bed96453ccca340070f4eccc91f3740e0fd6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities at the end of the prior year is reported together with the remeasurement of all other assets and liabilities as a restatement of beginning equity. ##### [740-830-30-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-30-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:54.305Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:54.305Z Record version: sha256:3afa2d3c603128d9a839cba88e730435665345e873f7da09207d6ec2bdff6ffe Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Example 1 (see paragraph [830-740-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-55-1)) illustrates the application of this guidance. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:57.756Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:57.756Z Record version: sha256:514af840227ae679f8faa7f6468de76291c06bdd91ce832c989def8ccfb050d5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-830-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no ##### [740-830-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:57.756Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:57.756Z Record version: sha256:006e7db410fd86dd2bdaae833d76de5f0d2033e4d8c20937fe8c044d38f583fa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As indicated in paragraph [830-20-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/830/20/#830-20-45-3), when the [reporting currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/r/#reporting-currency "The currency in which a reporting entity prepares its financial statements.") (not the [foreign currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#foreign-currency "A currency other than the functional currency of the entity being referred to (for example, the dollar could be a foreign currency for a foreign entity). Composites of currencies, such as the Special Drawing Rights, used to set prices or denominate amounts of loans, and so forth, have the characteristics of foreign currency.")) is the functional currency, remeasurement of an entity's deferred foreign tax liability or asset after a change in the [exchange rate](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#exchange-rate "The ratio between a unit of one currency and the amount of another currency for which that unit can be exchanged at a particular time.") will result in a [transaction gain or loss](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#transaction-gain-or-loss "Transaction gains or losses result from a change in exchange rates between the functional currency and the currency in which a foreign currency transaction is denominated. They represent an increase or decrease in both of the following: The actual functional currency cash flows realized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions The expected functional currency cash flows on unsettled foreign currency transactions.") that is recognized currently in determining net income. Paragraph [830-20-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/830/20/#830-20-45-1) requires disclosure of the aggregate transaction gain or loss included in determining net income but does not specify how to display that transaction gain or loss or its components for financial reporting. Accordingly, a transaction gain or loss that results from remeasuring a deferred foreign tax liability or asset may be included in the reported amount of deferred tax [benefit](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#benefit "See Tax (or Benefit).") or expense if that presentation is considered to be more useful. If reported in that manner, that transaction gain or loss is still included in the aggregate transaction gain or loss for the period to be disclosed as required by that paragraph. ##### [740-830-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-45-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:18:57.756Z to 2026-09-10T01:18:57.756Z Record version: sha256:10558eb42b168a04a21062f6ecb913f044da56bd7de9fd83213923dd32d6902e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The deferred taxes associated with the temporary differences that arise from a change in [functional currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/f/#functional-currency "An entity's functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates; normally, that is the currency of the environment in which an entity primarily generates and expends cash. (See paragraphs 830-10-45-2830-10-45-3830-10-45-4830-10-45-5830-10-45-6 and 830-10-55-3830-10-55-4830-10-55-5830-10-55-6830-10-55-7.)") discussed in paragraph [830-740-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-3) when an economy ceases to be considered highly inflationary shall be presented as an adjustment to the cumulative [translation adjustments](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#translation-adjustments "Translation adjustments result from the process of translating financial statements from the entity's functional currency into the reporting currency.") component of shareholders' equity and therefore shall be recognized in other comprehensive income. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:00.224Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:00.224Z Record version: sha256:5d4c513da1c7c968d35b26246b8963cf54af66e61e86acf07e90277fae2309fb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-830-55: 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: no #### Illustrations ##### [740-830-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:00.224Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:00.224Z Record version: sha256:a1bbbb336c9e12727037382c54df4b8434601ec7540dfba4f34b1c69ae12843e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [830-740-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-25-5) and [830-740-30-1 through 30-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-30-1) .An entity has one asset, a nonmonetary asset that is not depreciated for financial reporting or tax purposes. The [local currency](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#local-currency "The currency of a particular country being referred to.") is FC. Units of current purchasing power are referred to as CFC. The enacted tax rate is 40 percent. The asset had a price-level-adjusted financial reporting amount of CFC 350 and an indexed basis for tax purposes of CFC 100 at December 31, 19X2, both measured using CFC at December 31, 19X2. The entity has a [taxable temporary difference](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/t/#taxable-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in taxable amounts in future years when the related asset is recovered or the related liability is settled. See Temporary Difference.") of CFC 250 (CFC 350 - CFC 100) and a related [deferred tax liability](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deferred-tax-liability "The deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences. A deferred tax liability is measured using the applicable enacted tax rate and provisions of the enacted tax law.") of CFC 100 (CFC 250 x 40 percent) using CFC at December 31, 19X2. ##### [740-830-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-55-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:00.224Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:00.224Z Record version: sha256:6fa0cfa1c8b8df08a0f9309a18b997a2fe4561e6c30b733e38dd44a3193a9318 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. General price levels increase by 50 percent in 19X3, and indexing allowed for 19X3 for tax purposes is 25 percent. At December 31, 19X3, the asset has a price-level-adjusted financial reporting amount of CFC 525 (CFC 350 x 150 percent) and an indexed basis for tax purposes of CFC 125 (CFC 100 x 125 percent), using CFC at December 31, 19X3. The entity has a taxable temporary difference of CFC 400 (CFC 525 - CFC 125) and a related deferred tax liability of CFC 160 (CFC 400 x 40 percent) at December 31, 19X3, using CFC at December 31, 19X3. The deferred tax liability at December 31, 19X2 is restated to units of current general purchasing power as of December 31, 19X3. The restated December 31, 19X2 deferred tax liability is CFC 150 (CFC 100 x 150 percent). For 19X3, the difference between CFC 160 and CFC 150 is reported as deferred tax expense in income from continuing operations. The difference between the deferred tax liability of CFC 100 at December 31, 19X2 and the restated December 31, 19X2 deferred tax liability of CFC 150 is reported in 19X3 as a restatement of beginning equity. ##### [740-830-55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/830/#740-830-55-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:00.224Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:00.224Z Record version: sha256:73665f4355aedb7828885650bdd53c03507eb24b6d6ca28d512ede8ebcd95173 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following is a tabular presentation of this Example. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-9AE72C41-0D66-47FA-8021-F426BEBDF9C2-low.gif) 19X2 19X3 Financial reporting basis CFC 350 × 1.5 CFC 525 Tax basis CFC 100 × 1.25 CFC 125 Temporary difference CFC 250 CFC 400 Tax rate × .40 ×.40 "Deferred tax liability, end of year" CFC 100 CFC 160 "Deferred tax liability (restated), beginning of year" CFC 100 × 1.5 CFC 150 Deferred tax expense CFC 10 Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:01.911Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:32.521Z Record version: sha256:f86b476bda7486889c6b4ac9514b8e2bb4ab495a79105ab0f1a0c639d0e0cff7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-852: Income Taxes — Reorganizations ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "ASC 740-852 gives incremental income tax guidance for entities emerging from Chapter 11 that qualify for fresh-start reporting and for entities that effect a quasi-reorganization. Under fresh-start reporting, deferred taxes follow ordinary GAAP, and tax benefits of preconfirmation NOL carryforwards and deductible temporary differences recognized later (by releasing the valuation allowance) reduce income tax expense. After a quasi-reorganization, by contrast, subsequently recognized tax benefits of deductible temporary differences and carryforwards that existed at the quasi-reorganization date are credited directly to contributed capital, not income.", "key_points": [ "The Subtopic applies only to entities that filed a Chapter 11 petition, expect to reorganize as a going concern, and qualify for fresh-start reporting under 852-10-45-19, or that have undertaken a quasi-reorganization (740-852-05-1).", "Fresh-start entities report deferred taxes in conformity with GAAP; benefits of preconfirmation NOL carryforwards and deductible temporary differences not recognizable at the plan confirmation date are, when later recognized by eliminating the valuation allowance, reported as a reduction to income tax expense (740-852-45-1).", "Tax benefits of deductible temporary differences and carryforwards existing at the date of a quasi-reorganization (Subtopic 852-20) are reported as a direct addition to contributed capital if recognized in subsequent years (740-852-45-3; 852-740-55-2).", "Because post-quasi-reorganization accounting is substantially similar to that of a new entity (852-20-25-5), subsequently recognized benefits of preexisting NOL or tax credit carryforwards are excluded from income regardless of whether the underlying losses were charged to income before the quasi-reorganization or directly to contributed capital (740-852-55-4).", "If a change in circumstances after a quasi-reorganization requires recognizing or increasing a valuation allowance against tax benefits recognized at the quasi-reorganization date, the resulting adjustment is charged to income (740-852-55-5).", "The equity treatment of subsequently recognized tax benefits does not differ based on whether gains were credited or losses were charged directly to contributed capital in the quasi-reorganization (740-852-55-6)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Debt and equity", "Presentation", "Industry-specific" ], "audience_level": "intermediate", "student_note": "The exam trap is the asymmetry: post-emergence release of a valuation allowance on preconfirmation attributes reduces income tax expense under fresh-start reporting, but the identical release after a quasi-reorganization is credited directly to contributed capital. Note the one-way street — later increases in the valuation allowance after a quasi-reorganization are charged to income, not equity.", "related_topics": [ "852-10", "852-20", "740-10", "852-740" ], "key_concepts": [ "fresh-start reporting", "quasi-reorganization", "valuation allowance", "net operating loss carryforward", "deductible temporary differences", "contributed capital", "plan confirmation date", "deferred tax asset" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:01.911Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:01.911Z Record version: sha256:b7f03c6f8abb0c3bb1627a7d4c5e2306d120261d2e546619f21c7deae6b2d24d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-852-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-852-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:01.911Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:01.911Z Record version: sha256:b54824ce0a49806d4d886f05518a7ff87079bfbcc77492469787659ac1dc0531 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
Temporary DifferenceAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
852-740-45-2SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0802/02/2010
852-740-45-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
852-740-65-1AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0802/02/2010
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:04.485Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:04.485Z Record version: sha256:0d5be85bd20ac56cf6529c7afdf1b8f4dc1d07c69106944c922effc981182571 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-852-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-852-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:04.485Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:04.485Z Record version: sha256:28202d94f58d8fea840c454850f3df47b90b2498af2c1012f0d8223f261bf982 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides incremental guidance on accounting for [income taxes](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#income-taxes "Domestic and foreign federal (national), state, and local (including franchise) taxes based on income.") if an entity: 1. a Has filed a [petition](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/p/#petition "A document filed in a court of bankruptcy, initiating proceedings under the Bankruptcy Code.") with the [Bankruptcy Court](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#bankruptcy-court "The United States Bankruptcy Court is an adjunct of the United States District Courts. Under the jurisdiction of the District Court, the Bankruptcy Court is generally responsible for cases filed under Chapters 7, 11, 12, and 13 of the Bankruptcy Code.") and expects to reorganize as a going concern under [Chapter 11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#chapter-11 "A reorganization action, either voluntarily or involuntarily initiated under the provisions of the Bankruptcy Code, that provides for a reorganization of the debt and equity structure of the business and allows the business to continue operations. A debtor may also file a plan of liquidation under Chapter 11.") of the [Bankruptcy Code](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/b/#bankruptcy-code "A federal statute, enacted October 1, 1979, as title 11 of the United States Code by the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978, that applies to all cases filed on or after its enactment and that provides the basis for the current federal bankruptcy system.") and qualifies for fresh-start reporting under paragraph [852-10-45-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/852/10/#852-10-45-19) 2. b Has undertaken a corporate readjustment procedure known as a quasi-reorganization. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:21.134Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:21.134Z Record version: sha256:78833dd2996ed628b96d2bacc8a3d08001765aef5f219448dd5e17912b474d1b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-852-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-852-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:21.134Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:21.134Z Record version: sha256:165acdcf95825b94b4810368451303b6d4bd2a40ee7aaa8099e3229cc3cd5d15 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic on fresh-start reporting in a [Chapter 11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#chapter-11 "A reorganization action, either voluntarily or involuntarily initiated under the provisions of the Bankruptcy Code, that provides for a reorganization of the debt and equity structure of the business and allows the business to continue operations. A debtor may also file a plan of liquidation under Chapter 11.") reorganization follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 852-10-15, except that an entity must also meet the paragraph [852-10-45-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/852/10/#852-10-45-19) requirements for fresh-start reporting. ##### [740-852-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-15-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:21.134Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:21.134Z Record version: sha256:f86c26e8a4ab3861fdc01d21573b28233c5792014c7667b42a328f59c1528431 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic on quasi-reorganizations follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in Subtopic 852-20, see Section 852-20-15. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z Record version: sha256:35b4dd4b5968d1618264ff8c488d9ed75144db25eacabb196ea0f12f6cb6abeb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-852-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no #### Fresh-Start Reporting in a Chapter 11 Reorganization ##### [740-852-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z Record version: sha256:4e43f30ff502134c54c64d3d6c38ee3295def1c0fae79c2aa0154c48695b9a2f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For entities that meet the paragraph [852-10-45-19](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/852/10/#852-10-45-19) requirements for fresh-start reporting, deferred taxes shall be reported in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). If not recognizable at the plan confirmation date, initial recognition (that is, by elimination of the valuation allowance) of tax benefits realized from preconfirmation net operating loss [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") and deductible temporary differences shall be reported as a reduction to income tax expense. ##### [740-852-45-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-45-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z Record version: sha256:8044c6366394d816f36885b5ff3db35bdb214a04cd10a8b98abdcf8a750bff1a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-08](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2010-08/). #### Quasi-Reorganizations ##### [740-852-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-45-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z Record version: sha256:faf25615e659cace9df10ab7cd19658a034d491e890891b88ff0e0f5ef391c19 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax benefits of deductible temporary differences and carryforwards as of the date of a quasi-reorganization as defined and contemplated in Subtopic 852-20 shall be reported as a direct addition to contributed capital if the tax benefits are recognized in subsequent years. ##### [740-852-45-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-45-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:28.542Z Record version: sha256:75934f93ea30531bb929814ef0708f746ddbd6400fb956fce0bcb95711a21f06 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See Section 852-740-55 for implementation guidance related to quasi-reorganizations. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z Record version: sha256:ea870a69c05bcde6c966b0f5ddb47861a0b4a419af14b49bf14905e8f7b4df0d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-852-55: 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: no #### Implementation Guidance ##### [740-852-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z Record version: sha256:05016c1d96bc2055358f17b57c783dec4174e2decaaa66751fdd8b5fe7a8b954 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Section is an integral part of the requirements of this Subtopic. This Section provides implementation guidance that addresses the application of requirements to specific aspects of income tax accounting for quasi-reorganizations. ##### [740-852-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-55-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z Record version: sha256:6f2f0e28992c9bd02d1888f32534fdeaf3071050b418336f31e3b4a5dd04e218 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As required by paragraph [852-740-45-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-45-3), unrecognized tax benefits of [deductible temporary differences](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#deductible-temporary-difference "Temporary differences that result in deductible amounts in future years when the related asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. See Temporary Difference.") and [carryforwards](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#carryforwards "Deductions or credits that cannot be utilized on the tax return during a year that may be carried forward to reduce taxable income or taxes payable in a future year. An operating loss carryforward is an excess of tax deductions over gross income in a year; a tax credit carryforward is the amount by which tax credits available for utilization exceed statutory limitations. Different tax jurisdictions have different rules about whether excess deductions or credits may be carried forward and the length of the carryforward period. The terms carryforward, operating loss carryforward, and tax credit carryforward refer to the amounts of those items, if any, reported in the tax return for the current year.") that existed at the date of a quasi-reorganization shall be reported as a direct addition to contributed capital when recognized after the date of the quasi-reorganization. ##### [740-852-55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-55-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z Record version: sha256:19e54f6739b8bf97fc09a5f487b16b00f2f9c27a784f560fd95bf06d68ee7e4b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For example, assume an entity charged losses directly to contributed capital at the date of a quasi-reorganization. At that date, the deferred tax asset for the entity's deductible temporary differences and carryforwards was offset by a valuation allowance. Part of those deductible temporary differences and carryforwards related to losses that were included in determining income in prior years. The remainder were attributable to losses that were charged directly to contributed capital as a result of the quasi-reorganization. When recognized (by reducing or eliminating the valuation allowance) after the date of the quasi-reorganization, the tax benefit of such deductible temporary differences and carryforwards would be reported as a direct addition to contributed capital under the guidance in the preceding paragraph. ##### [740-852-55-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-55-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z Record version: sha256:c39706f1d24a3147a405d533814c1f73bd847166b64c192d94493e37278d0108 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As indicated in paragraph [852-20-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/852/20/#852-20-25-5), after a quasi-reorganization, the entity's accounting shall be substantially similar to that appropriate for a new entity. As such, any subsequently recognized tax benefit of an operating loss or tax credit carryforward that existed at the date of a quasi-reorganization shall not be included in the determination of income of the new entity, regardless of whether losses that gave rise to an operating loss carryforward were charged to income before the quasi-reorganization or directly to contributed capital as part of the quasi-reorganization. A new entity would not have tax benefits attributable to operating losses or tax credits that arose before its organization date. ##### [740-852-55-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-55-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z Record version: sha256:9e186102c32f1a1dcce1d13d7ab913dfb1bb771f5502482552dddca169c4768d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A charge to income should be recorded, however, if after a quasi-reorganization an entity concludes that due to a change in circumstances a valuation allowance should be recognized or increased to reduce the amount of tax benefits that were recognized at the time of the quasi-reorganization. ##### [740-852-55-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-55-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:30.735Z Record version: sha256:58c384321fc602c3e35823b2617f8fbc403ba45416a4399f47e790a09d8ed066 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The accounting for any subsequently recognized tax benefit of deductible temporary differences and carryforwards that existed at the date of a quasi-reorganization does not change based on whether gains were credited directly to contributed capital or losses were charged directly to contributed capital. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:32.521Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:32.521Z Record version: sha256:4fca55cdd53bd4c98937c015bd3c7b6149c09fb2ac06d8310cb2f2ce1f822412 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-852-65: 65 Transition and Open Effective Date Information [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#65-transition-and-open-effective-date-information) SEC content: no ##### [740-852-65-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/852/#740-852-65-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:32.521Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:32.521Z Record version: sha256:459af264e62fe0daba1da513bf96260685786006a61e49fb71a8741adfaf0faf Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph superseded on 07/01/2010 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-08, _Technical Corrections to Various Topics_. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:35.937Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:46.163Z Record version: sha256:53c7de6210b1270d4c795fe912944bd0e9ffcb9ff19c88c5bae61688e0265f71 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-924: Income Taxes — Entertainment—Casinos ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "This Subtopic applies Topic 740's deferred tax model to casino entities, identifying the common situations where casino book accounting diverges from income tax reporting. Under 740-924-25-1, deferred income taxes arise from three recurring casino differences: casino receivables recognized for books but taxed when collected, costs deferred for books but expensed for tax, and progressive slot jackpots accrued from meter readings for books but deducted for tax when paid. It provides no separate scope, following the scope of Subtopic 924-10 (740-924-15-1).", "key_points": [ "The Subtopic addresses accounting and reporting of deferred income taxes for casinos where book financial reporting differs from income tax reporting (740-924-05-1).", "Its scope is the same as the Entertainment—Casinos Overall Subtopic, Section 924-10-15 (740-924-15-1).", "Deferred income taxes result when casino receivables are recognized for financial statements but the when-collected method is used for tax (740-924-25-1(a)).", "Deferred income taxes result when costs are deferred for financial statement purposes but charged to expense for income tax reporting (740-924-25-1(b)).", "Deferred income taxes result when progressive slot jackpots are accrued based on meter readings for books but charged against revenue only when paid for tax (740-924-25-1(c))." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Industry-specific", "Recognition" ], "audience_level": "intermediate", "student_note": "This is a short industry overlay: it does not create a special measurement method, it just flags three casino-specific temporary differences that feed the ordinary Topic 740 deferred tax computation. A common misunderstanding is treating these items as permanent differences—they are timing (temporary) differences that reverse when the receivable is collected, the cost is amortized, or the jackpot is paid.", "related_topics": [ "740-10", "924-10", "924-405", "740-270" ], "key_concepts": [ "deferred income taxes", "temporary differences", "casino receivables", "when-collected method", "deferred costs", "progressive slot jackpots", "meter readings", "book-tax differences" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:35.937Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:35.937Z Record version: sha256:823d82e705ce57327a67b707d6d58debe19bb40b4f4350c64ed48ba64f71a963 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-924-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/924/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-924-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/924/#740-924-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:35.937Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:35.937Z Record version: sha256:ec85a05508a64b7844b66761bf7b408c0e82fa803ed7b6368a070dd2179598bc Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. No updates have been made to this subtopic. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:39.573Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:39.573Z Record version: sha256:d1c84eed3546ce1e02387173097ba3334e7d82778f13585d1f33bfc128ece2fd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-924-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/924/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-924-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/924/#740-924-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:39.573Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:39.573Z Record version: sha256:f11f817f2a8a4d54fc725830feee8812e63ee3f118cf75e580ebecf733873169 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides guidance to entities operating as casinos on the accounting and reporting of deferred income taxes when book financial reporting differs from income tax reporting. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:42.737Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:42.737Z Record version: sha256:d16c826b19ff5017a794655a900fdf8e66421a995c817242879368b6db7e1586 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-924-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/924/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-924-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/924/#740-924-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:42.737Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:42.737Z Record version: sha256:103b6545af680326f5dc8349c784469c69bb4658b3e534799b7d0017f47dfea9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 924-10-15. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:46.163Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:46.163Z Record version: sha256:20a7de7b433d445c734ab2e9be41cae4d4ac81f7acc062e01b25b406d285eaa5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-924-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/924/#25-recognition) SEC content: no #### Deferred Income Taxes ##### [740-924-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/924/#740-924-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:46.163Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:46.163Z Record version: sha256:2b45ceb00e1b7173533784e556b21d97776f844f89a06381a39257c2be7db653 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Financial statement reporting for casinos differs from income tax reporting, resulting in deferred income taxes when any of the following conditions are met: 1. a Recognition of casino receivables is used for financial statements and the when-collected method is used for income tax reporting. 2. b Costs are deferred for financial statements and are charged to expense for income tax reporting. 3. c Progressive slot jackpots are accrued based on meter readings for financial statements and are charged against revenue when paid for income tax reporting. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:50.149Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:10.076Z Record version: sha256:c7384fad1ace2c80e494d02b14cb2bef4654db5d6738abe3bbc16f5c97c9ebab Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-932: Income Taxes — Extractive Activities—Oil and Gas ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "This subtopic covers income tax accounting peculiar to oil- and gas-producing activities. Its core rules: the tax benefit of statutory depletion in excess of cost depletion is recognized only in the period the excess is deducted on the tax return (no deferred tax asset before then), and the likelihood that future statutory depletion will reduce or eliminate future taxable income must be weighed in the more-likely-than-not realizability assessment for deferred tax assets. It also notes that costs such as intangible drilling and development costs and geological and geophysical costs are deducted for tax purposes in periods different from when they are expensed or amortized for book purposes, creating temporary differences.", "key_points": [ "The scope follows the Overall Subtopic for extractive activities—oil and gas (740-932-15-1, referencing 932-10-15).", "The tax benefit of the excess of statutory (percentage) depletion over cost depletion shall be recognized in the period in which the excess is deducted for income tax purposes (740-932-25-1).", "In applying comprehensive interperiod income tax allocation, the possibility that future statutory depletion will reduce or eliminate future taxable income must be considered in judging whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax asset benefits will not be realized (740-932-30-1).", "Intangible drilling and development costs are deducted for tax when incurred but capitalized and amortized for book purposes for successful exploratory wells and all development wells, creating temporary differences (740-932-45-1).", "Some geological and geophysical costs are expensed as incurred for book purposes but deferred and deducted in later periods for tax purposes (740-932-45-1).", "Disclosure requirements for oil and gas income taxes are located at paragraph 932-235-50-25 (740-932-50-1)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Industry-specific", "Recognition", "Disclosure" ], "audience_level": "advanced", "student_note": "Exam trap: statutory (percentage) depletion in excess of cost depletion is a permanent-type benefit recognized only when deducted on the return—students often try to set up a deferred tax asset for it. Remember too that expected future statutory depletion cuts future taxable income and therefore weakens the case for realizing existing deferred tax assets (valuation allowance analysis).", "related_topics": [ "740-10", "932-10", "932-235", "932-360", "740-270" ], "key_concepts": [ "statutory depletion", "cost depletion", "intangible drilling and development costs", "geological and geophysical costs", "deferred tax asset realizability", "more likely than not", "interperiod tax allocation", "temporary differences" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:50.149Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:50.149Z Record version: sha256:2b8299db25e8a27e66abfc7e92ff982c77a5e595fe6f0680d7e77c6ec5b934ee Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-932-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-932-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#740-932-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:50.149Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:50.149Z Record version: sha256:3a9245b0743ffda0f05f262afdf55d4f9b1ca1636ec1014ef2b9e3d3e8935162 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
Exploratory WellAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2010-0301/06/2010
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:53.173Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:53.173Z Record version: sha256:4f21a58d11888cd79437373916df4234f9ec3860cf71c1a00fa2409b72b7899f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-932-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-932-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#740-932-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:53.173Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:53.173Z Record version: sha256:d899365cb3e5d0bfdaf02f251fa830e3ca823ef2f17a053c8ce2fdf40b762850 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic addresses the accounting for taxes specific to the oil and gas industry, for example, statutory tax depletion. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:56.523Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:56.523Z Record version: sha256:c04e8495b38185d6277671d12be72c4ee555cc18cf5a0981135961e8cc29ec60 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-932-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-932-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#740-932-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:19:56.523Z to 2026-09-10T01:19:56.523Z Record version: sha256:173e1767b5c0328a9ebbe09e2601bc4e71ef2e1a1e362d8ff6ef5f43086f71ee Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 932-10-15. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:00.429Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:00.429Z Record version: sha256:537719dd465eefc1639ddbeb603de7372b639bced9fb4e33a34f3596ce517b81 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-932-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#25-recognition) SEC content: no ##### [740-932-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#740-932-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:00.429Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:00.429Z Record version: sha256:fb08dc19b207d2b932d6319552fffbefdf081e72ea85f53d9dbff37781b7373c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The tax benefit of the excess of statutory depletion over cost depletion for tax purposes shall be recognized in the period in which the excess is deducted for income tax purposes. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:02.602Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:02.602Z Record version: sha256:329096ee3014c4f18f33273fa38b092a784e830d9372c2928092e3bfee304f48 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-932-30: 30 Initial Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#30-initial-measurement) SEC content: no ##### [740-932-30-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#740-932-30-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:02.602Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:02.602Z Record version: sha256:079f0002f86c3fe1e081131d4470694140b3e70b40d380c3b3392c23f3141ddb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In applying the comprehensive interperiod income tax allocation provision, the possibility that statutory depletion in future periods will reduce or eliminate taxable income in future years shall be considered in determining whether it is more likely than not that the tax benefits of deferred tax assets will not be realized. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:04.413Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:04.413Z Record version: sha256:69ea0a4a175e681b5072f36917c26be6ef025f811de87c50d60fb185e3e2244b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-932-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no ##### [740-932-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#740-932-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:04.413Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:04.413Z Record version: sha256:b9a31e0756839db17c707c93ac7cae46617c9920b49a585159da86d64b71ce9c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Some costs incurred in an entity's oil- and gas- producing activities enter into the determination of taxable income and pretax accounting income in different periods. A principal example is intangible drilling and development costs, which are deductible in determining taxable income when incurred but which, for successful [exploratory wells](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/e/#exploratory-well "An exploratory well is a well drilled to find a new field or to find a new reservoir in a field previously found to be productive of oil or gas in another reservoir. Generally, an exploratory well is any well that is not a development well, a service well , or a stratigraphic test well.") and for all [development wells](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/d/#development-well "A development well is a well drilled within the proved area of an oil or gas reservoir to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon known to be productive."), are capitalized and amortized for financial accounting purposes under the provisions of this Topic. As another example, some geological and geophysical costs, which are charged to expense when incurred under the provisions of this Topic, are deferred and deducted in subsequent periods for income tax purposes. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:06.307Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:06.307Z Record version: sha256:91d7e905572d064d3a07e9a12e99e40ad9dc644bc6425f9c0b733f470592b6c3 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-932-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no ##### [740-932-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#740-932-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:06.307Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:06.307Z Record version: sha256:0022372f8adf59aacad5dd4917ef817e547b61506f56be6308e190a1a9be9a0f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [932-235-50-25](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/235/932/#235-932-50-25) for various disclosure requirements for oil and gas income taxes. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:10.076Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:10.076Z Record version: sha256:6db9be479bb68ba5e68c093dfe337d7b4b7fa6903eec75d4e9fcbb36f98fbf33 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-932-S25: SEC 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#sec-25-recognition) SEC content: yes ##### [740-932-S25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/932/#740-932-S25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:10.076Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:10.076Z Record version: sha256:3b3689401a2c075e541f5004a068c651e3e6d6b9668d27c18642ce44ecf7f6f2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [932-10-S99-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/932/10/#932-10-S99-1), Regulation S-X Rule 4-10(d), for requirements pertaining to the interperiod tax allocation for intangible drilling and development costs that enter into the determination of taxable income and pretax accounting income in different periods. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:14.035Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:33.865Z Record version: sha256:116cea659505e1d864dbb2b9a5cd2d4a6692213bdff375a564b6d60c84fed515 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-942: Income Taxes — Financial Services—Depository and Lending ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "This subtopic applies Topic 740 to stock and mutual savings and loan associations and mutual savings banks, whose tax bad-debt reserve deductions differ from book bad-debt experience. Its core rule is an exception to comprehensive deferred tax recognition: no deferred tax liability is recognized for the tax bad-debt reserve that arose in tax years beginning before December 31, 1987 (the base-year amount), while a deferred tax liability must be recognized for reserve amounts in excess of the base year. Related valuation allowance, measurement, and disclosure requirements are specified.", "key_points": [ "A deferred tax liability is not recognized for bad debt reserves for tax purposes of U.S. savings and loan associations (and other qualified thrift lenders) arising in tax years beginning before December 31, 1987 (the base-year amount) unless it becomes apparent the temporary difference will reverse in the foreseeable future (740-942-25-1).", "If circumstances indicate the association is likely to pay income taxes currently or later because of known or expected reductions in the bad debt reserve, those taxes must be accrued as tax expense of the current period (740-942-25-1).", "A deferred tax liability must be recognized for bad debt reserves arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 1987, that is, amounts in excess of the base-year amount (740-942-25-2; 740-30-25-5; 740-942-35-2).", "The entity must assess the need for a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to the association's bad-debt reserve for financial reporting, and in doing so may not count future reversals of taxable differences for which no deferred tax liability was recognized under the 740-10-25-3 exceptions (740-942-25-3; 740-942-25-4).", "If no deferred tax liability is recognized for the base-year reserve, the association shall not anticipate future percentage-of-taxable-income bad-debt deductions in measuring deferred taxes on other temporary differences (740-942-35-1; 740-942-35-3).", "Where graduated tax rates are a factor, the percentage-of-taxable-income bad-debt deduction may result in a lower average graduated rate being applied in measuring deferred taxes if it pushes taxable income into a lower bracket (740-942-35-3).", "When the base-year exception is used, disclose the types of temporary differences and events that would make them taxable, the cumulative amount of each type, and the unrecognized deferred tax liability; the same disclosures apply to a parent consolidating or equity-method accounting for the association (740-942-50-1; 740-942-50-2)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Industry-specific", "Recognition", "Disclosure" ], "audience_level": "advanced", "student_note": "This is one of the few surviving exceptions to comprehensive deferred tax recognition under Topic 740, so exam questions often test the pre-1988 \"base-year\" cutoff. A common misunderstanding is assuming the entire tax bad-debt reserve is exempt — only the base-year amount is; post-1987 excess reserves require a deferred tax liability, and unrecognized differences cannot be used as a source of taxable income for valuation allowance purposes.", "related_topics": [ "740-10", "740-30", "942-10", "942-740", "740-20" ], "key_concepts": [ "base-year bad-debt reserve", "temporary difference", "deferred tax liability recognition exception", "valuation allowance", "percentage-of-taxable-income bad-debt deduction", "savings and loan association", "qualified thrift lender", "general reserves" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:14.035Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:14.035Z Record version: sha256:eb2596f21c2ef705d72e9ed50d8773ae779616eb30c187eb682d7dc368a4f218 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-942-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-942-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:14.035Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:14.035Z Record version: sha256:73f82cab22038b7ea26c53ac8ffe724525235fcf526d4b91dcd79ffc0df04d20 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
942-740-15-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0605/07/2018
942-740-25-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
942-740-45-1SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0605/07/2018
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:17.903Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:17.903Z Record version: sha256:6035b35c3d5019c4a4db7d754fa6b5196bd980601382150e6815514bf4d79334 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-942-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-942-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:17.903Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:17.903Z Record version: sha256:9cc2f61f09fd2d7de7ce347ead89cdf9204cc33df90fdd1cecd2fa63dea8130d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides recognition, measurement, and disclosure guidance for deferred tax assets and liabilities of stock and mutual savings and loan associations and mutual savings banks. ##### [740-942-05-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-05-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:17.903Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:17.903Z Record version: sha256:dd3d0d0a998bf5cd020646fa909d9e408810c5d607c19705543a8d96886954b7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Regulatory authorities require both stock and mutual savings and loan associations to appropriate a portion of earnings to general reserves and to retain the reserves as a protection for depositors. The terms general reserves and reserve for bad debts are used in the context of the special meaning these terms have in regulatory pronouncements and in the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code permit a savings and loan association to deduct an annual addition to a reserve for bad debts in determining taxable income, subject to certain limitations. This annual addition permitted by the Internal Revenue Code generally differs significantly from the bad debt experience upon which determination of pretax accounting income is based. Thus, taxable income and pretax accounting income of an association usually differ. ##### [740-942-05-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-05-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:17.903Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:17.903Z Record version: sha256:f9e472e863d33a39ebcd75b80be8c3a0215c5d7428272ed99aad5c0adf79c34a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Although a general reserve determined according to requirements of the regulatory authorities is not directly related to a reserve for bad debts computed according to provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the purposes and restrictions of each reserve are similar. Amounts of bad debt deductions for income tax purposes are includable in taxable income of later years only if the bad debt reserves are used subsequently for purposes other than to absorb bad debt losses. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:19.986Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:19.986Z Record version: sha256:54fff195cc1302bd2cbf842e608d8d61f02add7f6f524696bcaa78b3b1f03c69 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-942-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-942-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:19.986Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:19.986Z Record version: sha256:f65053fecd73b3034af59240bd381d557bae23434661dee4d32bafccb8c6a6b5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 942-10-15, with specific entity exceptions noted below. #### Entities ##### [740-942-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-15-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:19.986Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:19.986Z Record version: sha256:e02156a023c4e059c968d70604bc179a325c12091b198d181b7c90217f74f34c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic is applicable to stock and mutual savings and loan associations and mutual savings banks. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z Record version: sha256:47577254a7fcbcd5ee16d41ee5477f71e0d65c9278d00ab901baf53905acde4b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-942-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#25-recognition) SEC content: no #### Deferred Tax Liability ##### [740-942-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z Record version: sha256:8e0180579ba4ab324361da661584feec87bf3f28f76ec2b0162a3c9e60e8d67e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As described in paragraph [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3), a deferred tax liability shall not be recognized for the following types of temporary differences unless it becomes apparent that those temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future: 1. a Bad debt reserves for tax purposes of U.S. savings and loan associations (and other qualified thrift lenders) that arose in tax years beginning before December 31, 1987 (that is, the base-year amount). However, if circumstances indicate that the association is likely to pay income taxes, either currently or in later years, because of known or expected reductions in the bad debt reserve, income taxes attributable to that reduction shall be accrued as tax expense of the current period. ##### [740-942-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z Record version: sha256:90f73d72a472cae5e7b8c09c764be09b63d5e82767054a0f50f2fe6fe9f7b0f5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-30-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-5) requires that a deferred tax liability be recognized for the following types of taxable temporary differences: 1. a Bad debt reserves for tax purposes of U.S. savings and loan associations (and other qualified thrift lenders) that arise in tax years beginning after December 31, 1987 (that is, amounts in excess of the base-year amount). #### Deferred Tax Asset ##### [740-942-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-25-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z Record version: sha256:e2294f758d2b0ad7503dfe4bcd4acc0b3af99d6e16ff9d8883eef2a39447f08a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The entity shall assess the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets related to a savings and loan association's bad-debt reserve for financial reporting. ##### [740-942-25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-25-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:22.187Z Record version: sha256:bbda5217e9349130e32921c62616ae613b5957cf373e7028c32fa35adb303a79 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-30-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-18) identifies four sources of taxable income to be considered in determining the need for and amount of a valuation allowance for those and other deferred tax assets. One source is future reversals of temporary differences. Future reversals of taxable differences for which a deferred tax liability has not been recognized based on the exceptions cited in paragraph [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3), however, shall not be considered. Another source is future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:25.338Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:25.338Z Record version: sha256:7a602f3ba89d59fafd6e8aa4f408ecd09ed8793047182d8173e009667bb24de7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-942-35: 35 Subsequent Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#35-subsequent-measurement) SEC content: no #### Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities ##### [740-942-35-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-35-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:25.338Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:25.338Z Record version: sha256:045132d0b0fbeddc24cde76a5b1f84fd1a8fa5e16962202d1d6c5929e017d143 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The temporary difference under current U.S. federal tax law for the base-year tax reserve of a savings and loan association is one of the exceptions to comprehensive recognition of deferred taxes under Topic 740. If a deferred tax liability is not recognized for that temporary difference, a savings and loan association shall not anticipate future percentage-of-taxable-income bad-debt deductions in determining the deferred tax liability for other types of temporary differences. See paragraphs [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3), [740-10-25-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-37), [740-10-30-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-5), and [740-10-30-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-9). ##### [740-942-35-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-35-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:25.338Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:25.338Z Record version: sha256:617c5f8f5505904f5366d4672799cc1ac8b3d549460ea939e350fec629d58bfa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The base-year tax reserve is the income tax bad-debt reserve that arose in tax years beginning before December 31, 1987 as provided by the income tax law changes enacted in 1986. The excess of a tax bad-debt reserve over the base-year reserve is a temporary difference for which deferred taxes must be provided. ##### [740-942-35-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-35-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:25.338Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:25.338Z Record version: sha256:8fb2cd4450aa4702fb84cc152d869afa583ec7c115b63ab07817ef8269b0d294 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Under Topic 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences shall be measured by applying the enacted tax rate expected to apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled. It is not permissible to reduce a deferred tax liability so determined by anticipated future percentage-of-taxable-income bad-debt deductions for the same reasons that other special deductions may not be anticipated as set forth in paragraphs [740-10-25-37](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-37) and [740-10-30-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-30-13). However, for associations for which graduated tax rates are a factor, the existence of the percentage-of-taxable-income bad-debt deduction may result in a lower average graduated tax rate being applied in measuring deferred taxes if it results in taxable income falling into a lower tax rate bracket. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:28.011Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:28.011Z Record version: sha256:761a49e152a45b6f9076e3f15d57d5b12c2b73b113588e3b9dc25b63ac82d537 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-942-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no ##### [740-942-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:28.011Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:28.011Z Record version: sha256:cd1f7eaccf88a1c829e924d3685675857f5f0c7e28082f5ef0ca85c182dac85f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-06](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2018-06/). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:31.179Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:31.179Z Record version: sha256:4dfbf02b767ab93f73a74b8516572dcf845a28f06617e2e785d12845836d34a6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-942-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no #### Deferred Tax Liability ##### [740-942-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:31.179Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:31.179Z Record version: sha256:ff047cfb8b8399a81394be52fa5a60f4cc917a2842d0f2c019a8b9acfd32dfdb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. All of the following information shall be disclosed whenever a deferred tax liability is not recognized because of the exceptions to comprehensive recognition of deferred taxes related to a savings and loan association's bad-debt reserve for financial reporting: 1. a A description of the types of temporary differences for which a deferred tax liability has not been recognized and the types of events that would cause those temporary differences to become taxable 2. b The cumulative amount of each type of temporary difference 3. c The amount of the deferred tax liability for temporary differences (that is, the bad-debt reserve for tax purposes of a U.S. savings and loan association or other qualified thrift lender) that is not recognized in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3), [740-30-25-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-5), [740-30-25-18](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/30/#740-30-25-18), and [942-740-25-1 through 25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-25-1) . ##### [740-942-50-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/942/#740-942-50-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:31.179Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:31.179Z Record version: sha256:33da953563f5fd2ed908ad44919900b80fff6f2b3d1a37c9b91875c7843b0c4d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The disclosure requirements set forth in the preceding paragraph also apply to a parent entity of a savings and loan association accounting for that investment either through consolidation or by the equity method. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:36.911Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:53.539Z Record version: sha256:a8706060a49d6f48c46582e88e375a844a6458be3056a94170c57c18c8abaf42 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-944: Income Taxes — Financial Services—Insurance ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "This Subtopic applies Topic 740's income tax model to insurance entities. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for temporary differences generally, but a life insurance entity does not provide deferred taxes on taxable temporary differences related to policyholders' surplus arising in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992 — unless a known or expected reduction in that surplus makes tax payment likely, in which case the attributable tax is accrued currently. Disclosure of unrecognized deferred tax liabilities under the Topic 740 exceptions is required.", "key_points": [ "Except as otherwise provided, a deferred tax liability or asset shall be recognized for the deferred tax consequences of temporary differences in accordance with Topic 740 (740-944-25-2).", "A life insurance entity shall not provide deferred taxes on taxable temporary differences related to policyholders' surplus that arose in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992 (740-944-25-3).", "If circumstances indicate the insurer is likely to pay income taxes currently or later because of a known or expected reduction in policyholders' surplus, the income taxes attributable to that reduction shall be accrued as tax expense of the current period (740-944-25-3).", "A dividend recognized under 944-50-25-3 is treated as a planned contractual benefit in computing GAAP liabilities, but its amount may need to be identified to compute deferred taxes where the dividend provision plus dividends paid or declared may exceed the federally deductible amount (740-944-25-1).", "When a deferred tax liability is not recognized under the exceptions in Section 740-10-25, the entity must disclose the types of temporary differences and events that would make them taxable, the cumulative amount of each type, and the unrecognized deferred tax liability for differences other than policyholders' surplus (740-944-50-1).", "The Subtopic follows the scope and scope exceptions of Section 944-10-15 (740-944-15-1)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Industry-specific", "Recognition", "Disclosure" ], "audience_level": "advanced", "student_note": "The exam trap is the grandfathered policyholders' surplus exception: no deferred tax is recorded on pre-December 16, 1992 policyholders' surplus differences, yet tax must be accrued currently once a reduction in that surplus is known or expected. Note also that this unrecognized amount is expressly excluded from the quantitative disclosure in 740-944-50-1(c).", "related_topics": [ "740-10", "944-10", "944-50", "944-40" ], "key_concepts": [ "policyholders' surplus", "temporary differences", "deferred tax liability", "exceptions to comprehensive recognition", "life insurance entity", "policyholder dividends", "planned contractual benefit" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:36.911Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:36.911Z Record version: sha256:47bcb0534e92ac35b2353312264e8a1ee17a61031cd7a065b169b4e8478ec25b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-944-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-944-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#740-944-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:36.911Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:36.911Z Record version: sha256:370a307604d3f035f19c76fa1ff66ce8a1f8e459fd659eb867aec1ea86c62849 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
944-740-25-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-0101/09/2015
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:38.859Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:38.859Z Record version: sha256:2778c7b097f810c3c449bcd4879e830eacbceff21b1c93d1674f522182eef66b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-944-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-944-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#740-944-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:38.859Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:38.859Z Record version: sha256:86de584e94e45c6b71b770806e2ee3ad2e5c4ff59eeb80da53283dc7c8363b79 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides guidance to insurance entities on accounting for and financial reporting of income taxes. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:41.241Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:41.241Z Record version: sha256:7b845cb66c506053d9c50df99123bacedf9ceed03572b6b2dc00b62bf4e5c3b7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-944-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-944-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#740-944-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:41.241Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:41.241Z Record version: sha256:addaa788a7d2b2ce2e95586751e547c985762b29fe50542eae2921c14699e4b7 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 944-10-15. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:47.794Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:47.794Z Record version: sha256:73f173266f83075a00fd49a25952188172100e575de3927f29676a82585c324b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-944-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#25-recognition) SEC content: no #### Policyholder Dividends ##### [740-944-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#740-944-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:47.794Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:47.794Z Record version: sha256:4afa23419ddda823c781b45b71cc92795e5c70452d28add4b07c264388e50ff9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Although payment is not required, a dividend recognized under paragraph [944-50-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/944/50/#944-50-25-3) is considered a planned contractual benefit in computing liabilities under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). However, it may be necessary to identify the amount of this dividend to calculate deferred income taxes in those cases in which there is a question as to whether the dividend provision in the liabilities, together with the dividends paid or declared, may exceed the amount of dividends otherwise deductible for federal income tax purposes. #### Policyholders' Surplus ##### [740-944-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#740-944-25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:47.794Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:47.794Z Record version: sha256:9b4564415ecc37113331c43c8edaf585d7346c8c47daf88a4a14901d03bb8358 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Except as noted in the following paragraph, a deferred tax liability or asset shall be recognized for the deferred tax consequences of temporary differences in accordance with Topic 740. ##### [740-944-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#740-944-25-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:47.794Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:47.794Z Record version: sha256:c9db4cbeee1f4af45e14df12edcce392a60da087093e95e800ecb93729e073ec Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As described in Topic 740, a [life insurance entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#life-insurance-entity "An entity that can issue annuity, endowment, and accident and health insurance contracts as well as life insurance contracts. Life insurance entities may be either stock or mutual entities.") shall not provide deferred taxes on taxable temporary differences related to policyholders' surplus that arose in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992. However, if circumstances indicate that the insurance entity is likely to pay income taxes, either currently or in later years, because of a known or expected reduction in policyholders' surplus, income taxes attributable to that reduction shall be accrued as a tax expense of the current period. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:50.151Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:50.151Z Record version: sha256:fac8e888386cbc53c716b2b29693d544bf0719cf67ec73bcd17ea2121bc7d239 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-944-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no ##### [740-944-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/944/#740-944-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:50.151Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:50.151Z Record version: sha256:6a14e62db2072998afc5bf7310277ef5fc9215a54a593bc17bb569ec6e320e45 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following information shall be disclosed if a deferred tax liability is not recognized because of the exceptions to comprehensive recognition of deferred taxes for any of the areas addressed by Section 740-10-25: 1. a A description of the types of temporary differences for which a deferred tax liability has not been recognized and the types of events that would cause those temporary differences to become taxable 2. b The cumulative amount of each type of temporary difference 3. c The amount of the deferred tax liability for temporary differences other than the policyholders' surplus of a [life insurance entity](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/l/#life-insurance-entity "An entity that can issue annuity, endowment, and accident and health insurance contracts as well as life insurance contracts. Life insurance entities may be either stock or mutual entities.") that is not recognized in accordance with the provisions of paragraph [740-10-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-25-3). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:56.282Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:12.867Z Record version: sha256:75255c83b525788651b4792df40b110e6d7225ae1e279a2a3346bbb1926ea1ba Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-946: Income Taxes — Financial Services—Investment Companies ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "This subtopic gives investment companies the income tax accounting and reporting rules unique to their industry. Its core rules are narrow: any provision for deferred income taxes on unrealized appreciation must be charged against the unrealized gains account (946-740-35-1) and disclosed as such in the statement of operations (946-740-50-1). Implementation guidance addresses regulated investment companies' post-October capital and foreign currency loss deferrals and how they factor into deferred tax disclosures.", "key_points": [ "This Subtopic provides guidance for investment companies on accounting for and financial reporting of income taxes (740-946-05-1), and follows the scope of Section 946-10-15 (740-946-15-1).", "A provision for deferred income taxes on unrealized appreciation shall be charged against the unrealized gains account rather than against operating results (946-740-35-1).", "That deferred tax provision charged to the unrealized gains account must be disclosed as such in the statement of operations (946-740-50-1).", "Regulated investment companies distribute realized net capital and foreign currency gains through October 31 to avoid federal excise tax; federal tax regulations let post-October (November 1 to taxable year end) net capital or currency losses be deferred to the next succeeding taxable year's Form 1120-RIC (740-946-55-1).", "In applying paragraph 740-10-50-6 (disclosure of the tax effect of each significant type of temporary difference and carryforward before valuation allowances), a public entity should consider the amounts and expiration dates of capital loss carryforwards and the amounts of any post-October capital and currency loss deferrals (740-946-55-2)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Industry-specific", "Disclosure", "Subsequent measurement" ], "audience_level": "intermediate", "student_note": "The exam-worthy point is the presentation exception: deferred taxes on unrealized appreciation are charged to the unrealized gains account, not to tax expense in operations, but must still be labeled as such in the statement of operations. Students often assume RICs never record income taxes at all — they can, and post-October loss deferrals and capital loss carryforwards still drive deferred tax disclosures under 740-10-50-6.", "related_topics": [ "946-740", "946-10", "740-10", "946-225", "946-205" ], "key_concepts": [ "investment company", "regulated investment company", "deferred income taxes", "unrealized appreciation", "unrealized gains account", "post-october loss deferral", "capital loss carryforward", "statement of operations disclosure" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:56.282Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:56.282Z Record version: sha256:37300667de6c96fdac8c2d2ad539eebd07a2c1f1cb1cea468efd3cdaf4f14cda Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-946-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-946-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#740-946-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:56.282Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:56.282Z Record version: sha256:1ff60d46d322aef0684e998fe1fe40240bc04e7569e5537c04419157f2e2fdd6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides guidance for investment companies on accounting for and financial reporting of income taxes. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:57.963Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:57.963Z Record version: sha256:650146ff4ec52251e18016e3d9137011be8a39f14aa8f9fec6446fc814055e97 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-946-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no ##### [740-946-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#740-946-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:20:57.963Z to 2026-09-10T01:20:57.963Z Record version: sha256:dd0b56bedef42325b085c9570fd52a193e3dd6629fd4b1c60cc0ff9c3f8dcfbe Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 946-10-15. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:00.967Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:00.967Z Record version: sha256:58798e404c65ba16a394f99f8eb652888fc7e735182b3afcafbd5b3ffa73d31e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-946-35: 35 Subsequent Measurement [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#35-subsequent-measurement) SEC content: no ##### [740-946-35-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#740-946-35-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:00.967Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:00.967Z Record version: sha256:bf6716221ecef64ef0b46aaadb29425aef3625c47e3acb08dfd3642d788d5305 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If a provision for deferred income taxes on unrealized appreciation exists, it shall be charged against the unrealized gains account. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:03.788Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:03.788Z Record version: sha256:060c7ff4a471d492bc68d9371b2d994624e30317c9ca3e45d5f6760d71630ebd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-946-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no ##### [740-946-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#740-946-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:03.788Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:03.788Z Record version: sha256:95e3dce811848d2d18b39ddca0f1ffad1ec5a2268a62c85299f3fe4c679a9ff0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. A provision for deferred income taxes on unrealized appreciation charged against the unrealized gains account pursuant to paragraph [946-740-35-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#740-946-35-1) shall be disclosed as such in the statement of operations. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:06.957Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:06.957Z Record version: sha256:a310fe4e7fcc5e4802065e35444e349ce5da54a628a4a57ae1bd19d945eb0134 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-946-55: 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: no #### Implementation Guidance ##### [740-946-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#740-946-55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:06.957Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:06.957Z Record version: sha256:ec3f5d5d64e99519a7024602bbd4416007b70f3b8909e8c3eb36a55624b839fa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Regulated investment companies may have realized net capital and foreign currency gains during the period from the beginning of their current taxable year through October 31, which they are required to distribute to avoid federal excise tax. If those regulated investment companies then incur net capital or currency losses from November 1 to the close of their taxable year, their Form 1120-RIC tax returns would indicate that they had made distributions during the taxable year in excess of taxable gains (that is, returns of capital), even though the distributions were properly paid from gains at the time of the excise-tax distribution. To avoid this result, federal income tax regulations permit such post-October losses to be deferred and recognized on the Form 1120-RIC tax return of the next succeeding taxable year. ##### [740-946-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#740-946-55-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:06.957Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:06.957Z Record version: sha256:2d76d4ffddca54e67c7425a7e62be5f6f22f623a19574647046a2e5f443e45bb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [740-10-50-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/10/#740-10-50-6) requires that a public entity disclose the approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets (before allocation of valuation allowances). The amounts and expiration dates of capital loss carryforwards and the amounts of any post-October capital and currency loss deferrals should be considered when an entity applies that paragraph. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:12.867Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:12.867Z Record version: sha256:8d071218354c36aaf793af473857f8aef2c3a19400c295a3ab47aa082a09b22d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-946-S50: SEC 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#sec-50-disclosure) SEC content: yes #### Federal Income Taxes ##### [740-946-S50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/946/#740-946-S50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:12.867Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:12.867Z Record version: sha256:8b93d690c54375ab91b3e493827e7e832c57e827ac4983cf7dab8e15029e6fc1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. See paragraph [946-10-S99-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/946/10/#946-10-S99-3), Regulation S-X Rule 6-03(h), for required disclosures pertaining to federal income taxes. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:15.383Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:20.942Z Record version: sha256:8a6076deb92f0c08f39d3e7c88c039d3016e5606ffe72f5d323515020b548ffb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-954: Income Taxes — Health Care Entities ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "This subtopic is a very short industry-specific overlay to ASC 740 that applies only to not-for-profit, business-oriented health care entities. Its single substantive rule is a disclosure requirement: a tax-exempt health care entity must disclose its tax-exempt status (740-954-50-1). It adds no recognition or measurement guidance beyond the general income tax model.", "key_points": [ "The subtopic provides guidance only on disclosure of income tax status for not-for-profit, business-oriented health care entities (740-954-05-1).", "Scope follows the Overall health care Subtopic scope in Section 954-10-15, but is limited to not-for-profit, business-oriented health care entities (740-954-15-1; 740-954-15-2).", "A tax-exempt entity within scope shall disclose its tax-exempt status (740-954-50-1).", "No recognition, measurement, or presentation guidance is added here; the general ASC 740 model (including uncertain tax positions and any unrelated business income taxes) continues to apply." ], "categories": [ "Disclosure", "Income taxes", "Industry-specific", "Not-for-profit" ], "audience_level": "intermediate", "student_note": "Easy exam point: the only requirement is to disclose tax-exempt status. The common misunderstanding is thinking tax-exempt status means ASC 740 is irrelevant — such entities can still have taxable subsidiaries, unrelated business income, and uncertain tax positions (including the risk of losing exemption) that require ASC 740 accounting.", "related_topics": [ "740-10", "954-10", "954-740", "958-740", "740-20" ], "key_concepts": [ "tax-exempt status disclosure", "not-for-profit business-oriented health care entity", "income tax status", "industry-specific guidance", "unrelated business income", "scope limitation" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:15.383Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:15.383Z Record version: sha256:6b3e188e0e6044f34d36cf862480e51f6f40b24cc6991a42c959637f3a953a15 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-954-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/954/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-954-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/954/#740-954-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:15.383Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:15.383Z Record version: sha256:bfa87a8a755dfb3ad2843b8d0e992d97a786db79028c5fd29a7a0f924dabfc37 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides guidance on disclosures for income tax status for not-for-profit, business-oriented health care entities. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:18.989Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:18.989Z Record version: sha256:f428677b19d704b2d03e0f38c3f187efeb5de2341a86fcecc47dda5eaf4a333c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-954-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/954/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-954-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/954/#740-954-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:18.989Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:18.989Z Record version: sha256:03b1c005674b01c4a080d917ecef34eaba2a54339249bfe60657cb4a88ea3368 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 954-10-15, with specific entity qualifications noted below. #### Entities ##### [740-954-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/954/#740-954-15-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:18.989Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:18.989Z Record version: sha256:6e77e4bab6714d910898327931f231d2c75c9a878943b5bde92884c30d19e61e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The guidance in this Subtopic applies only to not-for-profit, business-oriented health care entities. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:20.942Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:20.942Z Record version: sha256:5f9e33638e0e3f9ade05d44833b26cfff46c8f52394ac6253033e4d8caee704b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-954-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/954/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no ##### [740-954-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/954/#740-954-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:20.942Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:20.942Z Record version: sha256:230599763bf3ab5f1645da5d4936c1313475ae03ee6a08ec1a001f53730807c2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Tax-exempt entities shall disclose their tax-exempt status. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:24.280Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:33.804Z Record version: sha256:d78758f3763b2a3948ca1ad355023484c655979c9a59100a26cbd2ad3b647654 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-972: Income Taxes — Real Estate—Common Interest Realty Associations ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "This Subtopic applies Topic 740's income tax guidance to common interest realty associations (CIRAs), such as homeowners' and condominium associations. Because a CIRA's income taxes generally do not relate to an excess of revenues over expenses, the tax provision may be presented among other operating expenses in the statement of revenues and expenses rather than as a separate below-the-line item. It also imposes CIRA-specific note disclosures about filing status, tax liability, and expiring credits.", "key_points": [ "The Subtopic addresses income tax presentation and disclosure issues for common interest realty associations (740-972-05-1) and uses the scope of Section 972-10-15 (740-972-15-1).", "Because income taxes are generally not related to the excess of revenues over expenses as in commercial entities, they may be presented in the same manner as other operating expenses in the statement of revenue and expenses (740-972-45-1).", "Notwithstanding that presentation option, common interest realty associations shall follow the guidance in Topic 740 for accounting for income taxes (740-972-45-1).", "In addition to disclosures GAAP requires of other entities, the notes must disclose the association's income tax filing status and its liability for income taxes (740-972-50-1(a)).", "The notes must also disclose credits from taxing authorities that will be phased out in future reporting periods (740-972-50-1(b))." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Presentation", "Disclosure", "Industry-specific" ], "audience_level": "intermediate", "student_note": "The exam trap here is assuming every entity must present income tax expense as a separate caption below operating results — CIRAs may present it as an operating expense, but they still measure and account for taxes under Topic 740. Also remember CIRAs have an election-driven filing status (e.g., which return they file), which is why disclosure of filing status and tax liability is mandated.", "related_topics": [ "740", "740-10", "972", "972-10", "972-235" ], "key_concepts": [ "common interest realty association", "income tax filing status", "statement of revenues and expenses", "operating expense presentation", "phased-out tax credits", "income tax disclosures" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:24.280Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:24.280Z Record version: sha256:6fdd1937d897d535c550cc225a49271ef95c8fa09f0c056f214e8dcb13d4927d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-972-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/972/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-972-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/972/#740-972-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:24.280Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:24.280Z Record version: sha256:c0a94e11a9eda911dd14888fbfc2929ba0c011388f7b0326e075f176aabc8f06 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic addresses income tax disclosure issues for [common interest realty associations](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#common-interest-realty-association "An association, also known as a community association, responsible for the governance of the common interest community, for which it was established to serve. A common interest realty association is generally funded by its members via periodic assessments by the common interest realty association so that it can perform its duties, which include management services and maintenance, repair, and replacement of the common property, among other duties established in the governing documents and by state statute."). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:26.072Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:26.072Z Record version: sha256:90bd877d587ab09aa68c246cc0b7c6a81957e66dfc7198df4d0dfe12d0a1e069 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-972-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/972/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-972-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/972/#740-972-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:26.072Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:26.072Z Record version: sha256:a34caae3bf5769499eb073ecc475207fdc84ee82466e18ca275f625d54ec09bd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 972-10-15. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:31.083Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:31.083Z Record version: sha256:d373684b0e98e49722c6096980ee4cc756ba732a3033e0b01dbdf70419878d17 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-972-45: 45 Other Presentation Matters [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/972/#45-other-presentation-matters) SEC content: no ##### [740-972-45-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/972/#740-972-45-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:31.083Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:31.083Z Record version: sha256:6abe3a842267818d18e81cd9b75dde3c925966b596f1c77f839629439b46cd0f Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Because income taxes are generally not related to the excess of revenues over expenses as in commercial entities, they may be presented in the same manner as other operating expenses in the statement of revenue and expenses. [Common interest realty associations](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#common-interest-realty-association "An association, also known as a community association, responsible for the governance of the common interest community, for which it was established to serve. A common interest realty association is generally funded by its members via periodic assessments by the common interest realty association so that it can perform its duties, which include management services and maintenance, repair, and replacement of the common property, among other duties established in the governing documents and by state statute.") shall follow the guidance in Topic 740. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:33.804Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:33.804Z Record version: sha256:4e259ac01db7ddbb6570124c4c6e4ea4e7df707762ac6d982b1aed6f79c377aa Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-972-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/972/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no ##### [740-972-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/972/#740-972-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:33.804Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:33.804Z Record version: sha256:f57c17d914e1f418994f7857fca5f809289c4a02de569f9ad1848563151c469d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In addition to disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for other entities, the notes to a common interest realty association's financial statements shall include disclosures about both of the following: 1. a The common interest realty association's income tax filing status and its liability for income taxes 2. b Credits from taxing authorities that will be phased out in future reporting periods. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:36.471Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:55.089Z Record version: sha256:43694f28914a2f1163ff627b03843e47b695e5849822226c3e7fbf7a2da46804 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-980: Income Taxes — Regulated Operations ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "This subtopic applies ASC 740 to entities whose rates are regulated and that meet the criteria in 980-10-15-2. It prohibits net-of-tax accounting, requires a deferred tax liability for tax benefits flowed through to customers and for the equity component of the allowance for funds used during construction (AFUDC), and requires deferred taxes to be adjusted for enacted changes in tax law or rates. When it is probable that a regulator will allow recovery from (or require refund to) customers of those future tax amounts, the entity recognizes a separate regulatory asset or liability, which is itself a temporary difference generating additional deferred tax.", "key_points": [ "For entities meeting paragraph 980-10-15-2, net-of-tax accounting and reporting is prohibited, a deferred tax liability must be recognized for tax benefits flowed through to customers when temporary differences originate and for the equity component of AFUDC, and deferred tax liabilities/assets must be adjusted for enacted changes in tax laws or rates (740-980-25-1).", "If regulator action makes it probable the future increase or decrease in taxes payable will be recovered from or returned to customers through future rates, a regulatory asset or liability is recognized under 980-340-25-1 and 980-405-25-1, and that asset or liability is itself a temporary difference requiring a deferred tax liability or asset (740-980-25-2).", "The regulatory asset and the related deferred tax liability are displayed separately and are not offset for general-purpose financial reporting (740-980-55-1).", "The regulatory asset is grossed up for the tax on the recovery itself: 34% x ($26,000 AFUDC equity + A) = A, giving A = $13,394 (740-980-55-9).", "Where the deferred tax liability represents amounts already collected from customers, no regulatory asset exists; a rate-rate decrease creates a probable refund liability grossed up as $4,000 + (30% x R) = R, so R = $5,714 (740-980-55-13).", "A regulated entity capitalizes an otherwise-expensed cost only if future revenue at least equal to the cost is probable from including it in allowable costs, and the evidence shows the revenue recovers the previously incurred cost rather than funding similar future costs (740-980-55-1).", "For an abandoned plant, the abandonment loss is deductible for federal tax purposes when abandonment occurs regardless of rate-making treatment, and deferred taxes on the remaining asset and related recovery asset are recorded under Subtopic 740-10 (740-980-55-4 through 55-6)." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Industry-specific", "Recognition", "Subsequent measurement" ], "audience_level": "advanced", "student_note": "Exam questions here hinge on the gross-up math: because the regulatory asset (or refund liability) is itself taxable/deductible, you must solve the circular equation rather than simply multiplying the tax rate by the AFUDC equity amount. A common misunderstanding is netting the regulatory asset against the deferred tax liability — the guidance requires separate display and forbids net-of-tax presentation.", "related_topics": [ "980-10", "980-340", "980-405", "980-360", "980-740", "740-10" ], "key_concepts": [ "regulated operations", "allowance for funds used during construction", "flow-through tax benefits", "regulatory asset", "regulatory liability", "deferred tax liability", "enacted tax rate change", "net-of-tax accounting prohibition" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:36.471Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:36.471Z Record version: sha256:9fdba3d05b2c0d2bd26ff7b7ef8e40f2dfc8a0ba1b7ee27db7d21120bc5dfc3c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-980-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-980-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:36.471Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:36.471Z Record version: sha256:c614321f9448e9ce723b93f1c5b4095642c5f8b0d8fdc91dad89c121f9bd9745 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic provides guidance on accounting for income taxes for entities with regulated operations. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:40.547Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:40.547Z Record version: sha256:8a46131095565c29282548993c0e22fb486b2dd0ca89d9e1540a7fd2f3568bad Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-980-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no #### Overall Guidance ##### [740-980-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:40.547Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:40.547Z Record version: sha256:cc523edd502edbdb140c2d04f0d75a37b7550eca44b49aec511cfe154b707ad4 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Subtopic follows the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the Overall Subtopic, see Section 980-10-15. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z Record version: sha256:49b01d59145fe6b6b17dfe724e33d0b28c0b2dd0412a03f16c87416bb7021ba6 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-980-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#25-recognition) SEC content: no #### Income Taxes Applicable to Regulated Entities ##### [740-980-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z Record version: sha256:5f1824cdfbf4a81f51947f5e44170920c6ba881c6fb64ecec43d224e26b0237d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. For regulated entities that meet the criteria for application of paragraph [980-10-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/980/10/#980-10-15-2), this Subtopic specifically: 1. a Prohibits net-of-tax accounting and reporting 2. b Requires recognition of a deferred tax liability for tax benefits that are flowed through to customers when temporary differences originate and for the equity component of the [allowance for funds used during construction](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#allowance-for-funds-used-during-construction "The cost of financing construction as financed partially by borrowings and partially by equity, capitalized as part of the cost of plant and equipment pursuant to requirements of the regulator.") 3. c Requires adjustment of a deferred tax liability or asset for an enacted change in tax laws or rates. ##### [740-980-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z Record version: sha256:2995c1db8fb6f053f4f85e4a8aabe3134b2504477267638da1f2f569dd7ee3f0 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. If, as a result of an action by a regulator, it is probable that the future increase or decrease in taxes payable for (b) and (c) in the preceding paragraph will be recovered from or returned to customers through future rates, an asset or liability shall be recognized for that probable future revenue or reduction in future revenue pursuant to paragraphs [980-340-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/340/980/#340-980-25-1) and [980-405-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/405/980/#405-980-25-1). That asset or liability also shall be a temporary difference for which a deferred tax liability or asset shall be recognized. ##### [740-980-25-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-25-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z Record version: sha256:e520474913ed8fc891ae32828b0e1e939d05dddff787ec92f57b2c57b3dc9e6c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Example 1 (see paragraph [980-740-55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-8)) illustrates recognition of an asset for the probable revenue to recover future income taxes. ##### [740-980-25-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-25-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:48.440Z Record version: sha256:71170d522c60248dc382455d1baf6295bdbaa75adb1439567fe771ed9f11f3bb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Example 2 (see paragraph [980-740-55-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-13)) illustrates adjustment of a deferred tax liability when the liability represents amounts already collected from customers. Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:9618d567e1b0ca1c29c6ef17d477a03116cb1d2aa92223438434341582d813d1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-980-55: 55 Implementation Guidance and Illustrations [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#55-implementation-guidance-and-illustrations) SEC content: no #### Implementation Guidance ##### [740-980-55-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:3941b32b238badd60baed3a4968f3f6e96928a849aaa5b4fb748c3211f3d974c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Paragraph [980-340-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/340/980/#340-980-25-1) requires a regulated entity that applies this Topic to [capitalize](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/c/#capitalize "Capitalize is used to indicate that the cost would be recorded as the cost of an asset. That procedure is often referred to as deferring a cost, and the resulting asset is sometimes described as a deferred cost.") an [incurred cost](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/i/#incurred-cost "A cost arising from cash paid out or obligation to pay for an acquired asset or service, a loss from any cause that has been sustained and has been or must be paid for.") that would otherwise be charged to expense if the following criteria are met: 1. a It is probable that future revenue in an amount at least equal to the capitalized cost will result from inclusion of that cost in [allowable costs](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#allowable-costs "All costs for which revenue is intended to provide recovery. Those costs can be actual or estimated. In that context, allowable costs include interest cost and amounts provided for earnings on shareholders' investments.") for rate-making purposes. 2. b Based on available evidence, the future revenue will be provided to permit recovery of the previously incurred cost rather than to provide for expected levels of similar future costs. If the income taxes that result from recording a deferred tax liability in accordance with Subtopic 740-10 meet those criteria, an asset is recognized for those income taxes when the deferred tax liability is recognized. That asset and the deferred tax liability are not offset for general-purpose financial reporting; rather, each is displayed separately. ##### [740-980-55-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:862a37edc5f0c5309ce30f0a60bcc07493ce962810117364c31d23e4d484dc73 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. When a loss on abandonment is recognized, the amount of deferred income taxes related to the remaining asset shall be determined as indicated in the following guidance. ##### [740-980-55-3](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-3) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:1bfb87140aa9657382a2b960d1db699c4879da9ff84f8dcf3a049d264a870673 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. While under construction, a utility's plant has a recorded cost that consists of the following three separate elements for income tax purposes: 1. a Costs that will be deductible in the future, either as depreciation or (in the event that the plant is abandoned) as an abandonment loss 2. b Costs that have been deducted in the past 3. c Costs that are never deductible (the [allowance for equity funds used during construction](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/glossary/a/#allowance-for-funds-used-during-construction "The cost of financing construction as financed partially by borrowings and partially by equity, capitalized as part of the cost of plant and equipment pursuant to requirements of the regulator.")). ##### [740-980-55-4](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-4) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:7a39c3f20a955eddb25866b441cf804e1824405440a6715a20c32e6df544593b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. An abandonment loss generally is deductible for federal income tax purposes when the abandonment occurs. That tax deduction is allowed without regard to the rate-making treatment applied to the recorded cost of the abandoned plant. ##### [740-980-55-5](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-5) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:6a5bf00f036bbc6d86cdee93b2d444e9f50433c1b6f6395fad6d51c1ea6bf5c2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. When a regulator is expected to provide recovery of the cost of an abandoned plant without return on investment, Subtopic 980-360 requires a portion of the cost of the abandoned plant to be recognized as a loss, equivalent to the present value of the effective disallowance of return on investment. ##### [740-980-55-6](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-6) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:8f6df4ac3d09f9f7267b27f460717c8e27cf1af1f4678014c4bd127cfa21a731 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Deferred income tax liabilities, related to the remaining asset and the recovery of a separate asset recognized to reflect the future revenue that is expected to be provided in rates by the regulator when the income taxes become payable, shall be recorded under the requirements of Subtopic 740-10. #### Illustrations ##### [740-980-55-7](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-7) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:480e5237639ff5d37ee9c1cd5c8bf9ed3cb2224f919d96c4204fe6df86788a55 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. All the Examples assume that the entity meets the criteria in paragraph [980-10-15-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/980/10/#980-10-15-2) for the application of this Topic by the entity. ##### [740-980-55-8](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-8) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:f64fd367e6b32b61e923bc86d3384f7c872d4ed23cdfa4a6550beff801bfc7d9 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates the guidance in paragraphs [980-740-25-1 through 25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-25-1) . The following Cases illustrate the recognition of an asset related to a deferred tax liability: 1. a Recognition of an asset for the probable future revenue to recover future income taxes related to the deferred tax liability for the equity component of the allowance for funds used during construction (Case A) 2. b A subsequent adjustment of deferred tax liability for an enacted change in tax rates (Case B). ##### [740-980-55-9](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-9) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:9e846a4f31411043bb051e5ff92e030108dbf3eb0dc66f637f8f9ae904b90547 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. Cases A and B share all of the following assumptions: 1. a During Year 1, the first year of operations, total construction costs for financial reporting and tax purposes are $400,000 (exclusive of the allowance for funds used during construction). 2. b The enacted tax rate is 34 percent for all future years. 3. c Allowance for funds used during construction (consisting entirely of the equity component) is $26,000. The asset for probable future revenue to recover the related income taxes is calculated as follows: - 34 percent of ($26,000 + A) = A (where A equals the asset for probable future revenue) 4. d A = $13,394. ##### [740-980-55-10](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-10) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:bf5d84088e3791c32f6d2d3748035d744b59a8031ed16e6d6c08005dc73f1b29 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. At the end of Year 1, the related accounts are as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-DC8F5CA7-D95D-4EC3-B00D-945AEDB8CEA9-low.gif) Construction in progress " $426,000 " Probable future revenue " $13,394 " "Deferred tax liability \[34 percent of ($26,000 + $13,394)\]" " $13,394 " ##### [740-980-55-11](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-11) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:acacbf09bff1e6f8c4db068d7ad5fd04e2edb7c415d8a931c76257c01db72ddd Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. In this Case, if the allowance for funds used during construction had consisted entirely of a net-of-tax debt component in the amount of $26,000, the related accounts and their balances at the end of Year 1 would be construction in progress in the amount of $439,394 and a deferred tax liability in the amount of $13,394. ##### [740-980-55-12](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-12) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:8985785fed9c0552527cda0c34ebb1c331ebefe22e04c3de856dc73be54c250c Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Case illustrates adjustment of a deferred tax liability for an enacted change in tax rates. In this Case, a change in the tax rate from 34 percent to 30 percent is enacted on the first day of Year 2. As of the first day of Year 2, the related accounts are adjusted so that the balances are as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-0C953503-9279-441E-A4F5-6F6368D362BB-low.gif) Construction in progress " $426,000 " Probable future revenue " $11,143 " "Deferred tax liability \[30 percent of ($26,000 + $11,143)\]" " $11,143 " ##### [740-980-55-13](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-13) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:a4f6ab039f4920f6ca86e47c7c083f1e418889c9c319d102aecc24845d709469 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. This Example illustrates adjustment of a deferred tax liability for an enacted change in tax rates when that deferred tax liability represents amounts already collected from customers for the future payment of income taxes discussed in paragraphs [980-740-25-1 through 25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-25-1) . In that case, there would be no asset for probable future revenue. This Example has the following assumptions: 1. a Amounts at the end of Year 1, the current year, are as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-C9D03D21-2070-480F-84FA-B3A198446E36-low.gif) Construction in progress for financial reporting " $400,000 " Tax basis of construction in progress " $300,000 " "Deferred tax liability (34 percent of $100,000)" " $34,000 " 2. b A change in the tax rate from 34 percent to 30 percent is enacted on the first day of Year 2. As a result of the reduction in tax rates, it is probable that $4,000 of the $34,000 (previously collected from customers for the future payment of income taxes) will be refunded to customers, together with the tax benefit of that refund, through a future rate reduction. The liability for the future rate reduction to refund a portion of the deferred taxes previously collected from customers is calculated as follows: - $4,000 + (30 percent of R) = R (where R equals the probable future reduction in revenue) 3. c R = $5,714. ##### [740-980-55-14](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/980/#740-980-55-14) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:51.112Z Record version: sha256:626c79b3360c5f3f0345a1c95d3e1ad955eb3a692fdbe6ab615c66bc333538f1 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. As of the first day of Year 2, the related accounts are adjusted so that the balances are as follows. - ![ ](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc-img/GUID-ECF772A1-D6A2-4E27-AF7E-749E97892491-low.gif) Construction in progress " $400,000 " Probable reduction in future revenue " $5,714 " "Deferred tax liability \[30 percent of ($100,000 — $5,714)\]" " $28,286 " Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:58.145Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:12.560Z Record version: sha256:3418cdb58e285e0fc9c367a0edfe4be8f76b8f9ded4c60fb95997fa7f4df3cc5 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-995: Income Taxes — U.S. Steamship Entities ### Machine-generated study aids ```json { "summary": "ASC 740-995 formerly provided industry-specific income tax guidance for U.S. steamship entities, which had been permitted to leave unrecognized deferred taxes on statutory reserve deposits that arose in fiscal years beginning before December 15, 1992. Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15 superseded every paragraph in the subtopic (05-1, 15-1, 25-1, 25-2, 50-1, 50-2), so no guidance remains. Steamship entities now account for income taxes under the general requirements of Topic 740.", "key_points": [ "Every paragraph of Subtopic 740-995 — including 740-995-05-1, 740-995-15-1, 740-995-25-1, 740-995-25-2, 740-995-50-1, and 740-995-50-2 — was superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15.", "The subtopic is now an empty shell: it contains no recognition, measurement, or disclosure requirements that can be applied.", "Because the industry-specific exception is gone, U.S. steamship entities apply the general asset and liability approach of Topic 740 to all temporary differences, including those relating to statutory reserve deposits.", "The grandfathered relief that ASU 2017-15 eliminated applied only to unrecognized deferred taxes originating in fiscal years beginning on or before December 15, 1992.", "Any entity that had relied on the superseded guidance must follow the transition and effective-date provisions in ASU 2017-15 rather than the deleted paragraphs.", "Citing 740-995 as live authority in research or on an exam is an error; the Codification retains the numbering only as a placeholder." ], "categories": [ "Income taxes", "Industry-specific", "Transition and effective dates" ], "audience_level": "intermediate", "student_note": "This subtopic is a good reminder that the Codification keeps empty placeholders after guidance is withdrawn — the practical takeaway is that steamship entities get no special income tax treatment and fall under general Topic 740. The common mistake is quoting a superseded paragraph as if it were still authoritative because the section headings remain in the Codification.", "related_topics": [ "740", "740-10", "740-30", "220-10" ], "key_concepts": [ "superseded guidance", "industry-specific income tax exception", "u.s. steamship entities", "statutory reserve deposits", "unrecognized deferred taxes", "grandfathered temporary differences" ] } ``` Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:58.145Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:58.145Z Record version: sha256:8d9e1d96d0b1f5c6753a13033e35c52620560393dfa9543c761987e6b1a0a37d Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-995-00: 00 Status [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#00-status) SEC content: no ##### [740-995-00-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#740-995-00-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:21:58.145Z to 2026-09-10T01:21:58.145Z Record version: sha256:35ac373bf3d1a6cef03f5983dd5f1223084e6c9d84bac1247cc03b62d5b0db63 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
Deferred Tax LiabilitySupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
Taxable Temporary DifferenceSupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
Temporary DifferenceSupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
Temporary DifferenceAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1610/24/2016
995-740-05-1SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
995-740-15-1SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
995-740-25-1SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
995-740-25-2SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
995-740-50-1SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
995-740-50-2SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2017-1512/05/2017
Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:00.710Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:00.710Z Record version: sha256:7e34da7addb29d7a0a8b9f88eee1dad0d241f23079a683ee88fa15da34dead09 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-995-05: 05 Overview and Background [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#05-overview-and-background) SEC content: no ##### [740-995-05-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#740-995-05-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:00.710Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:00.710Z Record version: sha256:0387d598c9b9e051c47e3a5c9c3c78c7dbb7fd1af2c332e1044574e13266d4d8 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-15/). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:03.726Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:03.726Z Record version: sha256:bc17c5481db44ba6e548943ecf20fd5d1b9d33257f5de1c92cc5365dcd88bc0e Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-995-15: 15 Scope and Scope Exceptions [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#15-scope-and-scope-exceptions) SEC content: no ##### [740-995-15-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#740-995-15-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:03.726Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:03.726Z Record version: sha256:4e9f2c2e295ab1ff97ff87dc15e9c09f50c1289fdb8bbc8c7296254ef4a55595 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-15/). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:07.264Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:07.264Z Record version: sha256:bf80daccfc71ebb0d1c9b1bcb06f8014d57392beb32471eb856fa5712af96202 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-995-20: 20 Glossary [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#20-glossary) SEC content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:09.727Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:09.727Z Record version: sha256:0bbd4d4bc5905983578b778e0df8bdc6b065c17544c487774d90c3c4179f88bb Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-995-25: 25 Recognition [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#25-recognition) SEC content: no ##### [740-995-25-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#740-995-25-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:09.727Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:09.727Z Record version: sha256:ebd53d1a23a9d8c10e8be9ba8932fb0b83d2d9a9aa5ea753eceeb1394d3e3e5b Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-15/). ##### [740-995-25-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#740-995-25-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:09.727Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:09.727Z Record version: sha256:415237e0438d91d856c04d89aab1ec851004c86ff622cf55a7974bda74692912 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-15/). Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:12.560Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:12.560Z Record version: sha256:9eaf1e195d108bf7abc32ad9162652a8741745b98e4636842b15b4d2246ee0b2 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. ## ASC 740-995-50: 50 Disclosure [Read section](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#50-disclosure) SEC content: no ##### [740-995-50-1](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#740-995-50-1) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:12.560Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:12.560Z Record version: sha256:a3058c926bc11d78e8eeb830b77e16074ced62d158379f7fb724d8ee64289254 Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-15/). ##### [740-995-50-2](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/asc/740/995/#740-995-50-2) Pending content: no Source downloaded (UTC): 2026-09-10T01:22:12.560Z to 2026-09-10T01:22:12.560Z Record version: sha256:04b6002cf185ce21ecb71441604f3b573b3d254510a180b20f8b79ea37627d5a Snapshot version: sha256:15aea8165dff9f5ae47d9484f8470588b13b307f56e1d50801bf4d85ec190e3f Effective as of: not established by retrieval timestamps. [Paragraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-15](https://asc.understandingaccounting.org/updates/asu-2017-15/).