ASC

ASC 825-10

Overall

825 Financial Instruments

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In brief

IntermediateFinancial instrumentsFair valueDisclosurePresentation

ASC 825-10 provides the overall guidance for financial instruments, containing two sets of rules: the fair value option (FVO), which lets any entity irrevocably elect, at specified election dates, to measure eligible financial assets, financial liabilities, firm commitments, and written loan commitments at fair value with changes in earnings; and incremental disclosures about the fair value of financial instruments, concentrations of credit risk, and market risk. The FVO is elected instrument by instrument, only for an entire instrument (not specific risks or cash flows), and is intended to mitigate earnings volatility from measuring related assets and liabilities differently without applying hedge accounting.

Key points (7)
  • Eligible items for the fair value option include recognized financial assets and liabilities, firm commitments involving only financial instruments, written loan commitments, certain insurance contracts and warranties settleable by paying a third party, and host financial instruments from bifurcated nonfinancial hybrids (825-10-15-4).
  • The fair value option may never be elected for consolidated subsidiaries or consolidated VIE interests, pension/postretirement and other deferred compensation obligations, lease-related financial assets and liabilities, demand deposit liabilities, or instruments classified in shareholders' equity including temporary equity (825-10-15-5).
  • The election is instrument by instrument, irrevocable absent a new election date, and must apply to an entire instrument rather than specified risks, cash flows, or portions (825-10-25-2); upfront costs and fees are expensed as incurred (825-10-25-3).
  • Election dates are limited to first recognition of the item, entering an eligible firm commitment, loss of specialized fair value accounting, a change to equity method accounting, or an event requiring one-time fair value remeasurement such as a business combination, consolidation/deconsolidation, or significant debt modification (825-10-25-4 through 25-5).
  • Exceptions to instrument-by-instrument election require applying the option to the whole loan balance for multiple advances, to all financial interests in an equity-method investee, to all claims and obligations under an insurance/reinsurance contract, and to a base insurance contract's features or riders (825-10-25-7).
  • Fair value amounts must be presented separately from similar items measured on another basis, parenthetically or as separate line items (825-10-45-1B through 45-2); business entities report unrealized gains and losses in earnings (825-10-45-4), but the portion of a liability's fair value change from instrument-specific credit risk goes to OCI and is recognized in net income at derecognition (825-10-45-5, 45-6).
  • Public business entities must disclose the fair value of financial instruments and their hierarchy level (825-10-50-10), all entities must disclose significant concentrations of credit risk (825-10-50-20 through 50-21), and FVO users must provide the disclosures in 825-10-50-28 through 50-32, including reasons for election, fair value versus unpaid principal balance, and credit-risk-related gains and losses.

For students. Exam questions usually test which items are eligible or ineligible for the fair value option, the limited election dates, and the fact that the election is irrevocable and applies to a whole instrument; the most common mistake is forgetting that for elected financial liabilities the instrument-specific credit risk portion of the fair value change goes to OCI, not net income, until derecognition.

fair value optioneligible itemselection dateirrevocable electioninstrument-specific credit riskconcentrations of credit riskfair value hierarchy disclosureunpaid principal balance

Machine-generated study aid for ASC 825-10. Check the source paragraphs below.

825-10-00Status

Source downloaded: .Record version 9d301663753a. Effective date must be checked in the source.

825-10-00-1
The following table identifies the changes made to this Subtopic.
ParagraphActionAccounting Standards UpdateDate
Conduit Debt SecuritiesSupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
Environmental CreditAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Environmental Credit ObligationAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
ExchangeAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Financial Asset (1st def.)SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
Financial Asset (2nd def.)AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
Financial InstrumentAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2024-0203/29/2024
Fully Benefit-Responsive Investment ContractAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-12 (Part I)07/31/2015
Income TaxesAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Nonpublic Entity (4th def.)SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
Nonreciprocal Transfer (1st def.)AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
Publicly Traded Company (1st def.)SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
Public Business EntityAmendedMaintenance Update 2017-06 (PDF)04/07/2017
Public Business EntityAmendedMaintenance Update 2016-11 (PDF)06/27/2016
Public Business EntityAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
Registration Payment ArrangementAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
ReinsuranceAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
Reinsurance RecoverableAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
825-10-05-1AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
825-10-05-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1306/16/2016
825-10-05-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
825-10-05-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-15-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
825-10-15-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2026-0205/19/2026
825-10-15-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0608/05/2020
825-10-15-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
825-10-15-7AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1212/17/2025
825-10-15-7AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1408/18/2016
825-10-25-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1212/17/2025
825-10-25-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1306/16/2016
825-10-25-4AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-25-7AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
825-10-25-13AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2011-0405/12/2011
825-10-35-1 through 35-3
SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1306/16/2016
825-10-35-4SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-45-1SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-45-1AAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
825-10-45-1AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-45-1BAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-45-4 through 45-7
AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-45-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0302/28/2018
825-10-45-5AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0302/28/2018
825-10-50-2AAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-50-3 through 50-7
SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-50-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2013-0302/07/2013
825-10-50-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2012-0410/01/2012
825-10-50-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0301/16/2014
825-10-50-3AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2013-0302/07/2013
825-10-50-8AmendedMaintenance Update 2018-12 (PDF)09/10/2018
825-10-50-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0403/08/2016
825-10-50-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0202/25/2016
825-10-50-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-50-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2015-12 (Part I)07/31/2015
825-10-50-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2014-0301/16/2014
825-10-50-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
825-10-50-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-50-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2011-0405/12/2011
825-10-50-11AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
825-10-50-11AAddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0608/05/2020
825-10-50-12AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
825-10-50-14SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-50-16 through 50-19
SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-50-20AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
825-10-50-21AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
825-10-50-22AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1912/14/2016
825-10-50-23AAmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0303/09/2020
825-10-50-28AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
825-10-50-30 through 50-32
AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2025-1112/08/2025
825-10-50-30AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-50-31AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-55-3 through 55-5
SupersededAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-55-3AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2009-0508/26/2009
825-10-55-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1306/16/2016
825-10-55-8AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-55-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-1306/16/2016
825-10-55-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-55-10AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2011-0405/12/2011
825-10-55-12AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-65-2AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0302/28/2018
825-10-65-2AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2016-0101/05/2016
825-10-65-3AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0302/28/2018
825-10-65-4AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2018-0907/16/2018
825-10-65-5AmendedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0303/09/2020
825-10-65-5AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2019-0404/25/2019
825-10-65-6AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0101/16/2020
825-10-65-7AddedAccounting Standards Update No. 2020-0303/09/2020

825-10-05Overview and Background

Source downloaded: .Record version 81dc44b5be07. Effective date must be checked in the source.

825-10-05-1
The Financial Instruments Topic provides guidance on matters related broadly to all financial instruments. This Topic includes the following Subtopics:
  1. a
    Overall
  2. b
    Registration Payment Arrangements.
825-10-05-2
The Overall Subtopic presents guidance in the following Subsections:
  1. a
    General
  2. b
    Fair Value Option.
The General Subsections provide guidance on the fair value option and certain disclosures about financial instruments.
825-10-05-3
The Codification contains various Topics, and in some cases individual Subtopics, that provide (but are not necessarily limited to) guidance on accounting for different financial instruments, including financial assets, financial liabilities, and equity. Those Topics and Subtopics include, among others, all of the following:
  1. a
    Cash and Cash Equivalents
  2. b
    Receivables
  3. c
    Investments—Debt Securities
  4. cc
    Investments—Equity Securities
  5. d
    Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures
  6. e
    Liabilities
  7. f
    Commitments
  8. g
    Contingencies
  9. h
    Guarantees
  10. i
    Debt
  11. j
    Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity
  12. k
    Equity
  13. l
    Derivatives and Hedging
  14. m
    Leases
  15. n
    Transfers and Servicing
  16. o
    Each of the Financial Services Industry Topics.
825-10-05-4
Various Topics in the Codification provide guidance that applies without regard to whether the instrument is, or transaction involves, a financial instrument.

Fair Value Option

825-10-05-5
The Fair Value Option Subsections of this Subtopic address both of the following:
  1. a
    Circumstances in which entities may choose, at specified election dates, to measure eligible items at fair value (the fair value option)
  2. b
    Presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities.
825-10-05-6
See Topic 820 for guidance on fair value measurements.

825-10-10Objectives

Source downloaded: .Record version fecd3176e843. Effective date must be checked in the source.

Fair Value Option

825-10-10-1
The objective of the guidance in the Fair Value Option Subsections of this Subtopic is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions.

825-10-15Scope and Scope Exceptions

Source downloaded: .Record version 8067e2a6be50. Effective date must be checked in the source.

Overall Guidance

825-10-15-1
The General Subsection of this Section establishes the pervasive scope for this Subtopic, with specific exceptions noted in the other Subsections of this Section.

Entities

825-10-15-2
The guidance in this Subtopic applies to all entities.

Fair Value Option

Overall Guidance

825-10-15-3
The Fair Value Option Subsections follow the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the General Subsection of this Subtopic, with specific qualifications and exceptions noted below.

Instruments

825-10-15-4
All entities may elect the fair value option for any of the following eligible items:
  1. a
    A recognized financial asset and financial liability, except any listed in the following paragraph
  2. b
    A firm commitment that would otherwise not be recognized at inception and that involves only financial instruments (for example, a forward purchase contract for a loan that is not readily convertible to cash—that commitment involves only financial instruments—a loan and cash—and would not otherwise be recognized because it is not a derivative instrument)
  3. c
    A written loan commitment
  4. d
    The rights and obligations under an insurance contract that has both of the following characteristics:
    1. 1
      The insurance contract is not a financial instrument (because it requires or permits the insurer to provide goods or services rather than a cash settlement).
    2. 2
      The insurance contract's terms permit the insurer to settle by paying a third party to provide those goods or services.
  5. e
    The rights and obligations under a warranty that has both of the following characteristics:
    1. 1
      The warranty is not a financial instrument (because it requires or permits the warrantor to provide goods or services rather than a cash settlement).
    2. 2
      The warranty's terms permit the warrantor to settle by paying a third party to provide those goods or services.
  6. f
    A host financial instrument resulting from the separation of an embedded nonfinancial derivative from a nonfinancial hybrid instrument under paragraph 815-15-25-1, subject to the scope exceptions in the following paragraph (for example, an instrument in which the value of the bifurcated embedded derivative is payable in cash, services, or merchandise but the debt host is payable only in cash).
825-10-15-5
No entity may elect the fair value option for any of the following financial assets and financial liabilities:
  1. a
    An investment in a subsidiary that the entity is required to consolidate.
  2. b
    An interest in a variable interest entity (VIE) that the entity is required to consolidate.
  3. c
    Employers' and plans' obligations (or assets representing net overfunded positions) for pension benefits, other postretirement benefits (including health care and life insurance benefits), postemployment benefits, employee stock option and stock purchase plans, and other forms of deferred compensation arrangements, as defined in Topics 420; 710; 712; 715; 718; and 960.
  4. d
    Financial assets and financial liabilities recognized under leases as defined in Subtopic 842-10. (This exception does not apply to a guarantee of a third-party lease obligation or a contingent obligation arising from a cancelled lease.)
  5. e
    Deposit liabilities, withdrawable on demand, of banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, and other similar depository institutions.
  6. f
    Financial instruments that are, in whole or in part, classified by the issuer as a component of shareholders' equity (including temporary equity).
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
818-10-65-1No entity may elect the fair value option for any of the following financial assets and financial liabilities:
  1. a
    An investment in a subsidiary that the entity is required to consolidate.
  2. b
    An interest in a variable interest entity (VIE) that the entity is required to consolidate.
  3. c
    Employers' and plans' obligations (or assets representing net overfunded positions) for pension benefits, other postretirement benefits (including health care and life insurance benefits), postemployment benefits, employee stock option and stock purchase plans, and other forms of deferred compensation arrangements, as defined in Topics 420; 710; 712; 715; 718; and 960.
  4. d
    Financial assets and financial liabilities recognized under leases as defined in Subtopic 842-10. (This exception does not apply to a guarantee of a third-party lease obligation or a contingent obligation arising from a cancelled lease.)
  5. e
    Deposit liabilities, withdrawable on demand, of banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, and other similar depository institutions.
  6. f
    Financial instruments that are, in whole or in part, classified by the issuer as a component of shareholders' equity (including temporary equity).
  7. g
    Environmental credit obligation liabilities that can be settled in cash that are accounted for in accordance with Topic 818.

Other Considerations

825-10-15-6
The Fair Value Option Subsections:
  1. a
    Do not affect any existing accounting literature that requires certain assets and liabilities to be carried at fair value
  2. b
    Do not establish requirements for recognizing and measuring dividend income, interest income, or interest expense
  3. c
    Do not eliminate disclosure requirements included in other Subtopics, including requirements for disclosures about fair value measurements included in Topic 820.
825-10-15-7
Not-for-profit entities (NFPs) shall apply the provisions of the Fair Value Option Subsections with the following modifications:
  1. a
    References to an income statement shall be replaced with references to a statement of activities, statement of changes in net assets, or statement of operations.
  2. b
    References to earnings shall be replaced with references to changes in net assets, except as indicated in (c).
  3. c
    Paragraph 954-825-45-1 explains that health care entities subject to Topic 954 shall report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected within the performance indicator or as a part of discontinued operations, as appropriate. Unlike other NFPs, health care entities subject to that Topic present performance indicators analogous to income from continuing operations. Consistent with the provisions of Subtopic 958-10, NFPs may present such gains and losses either within or outside of other intermediate measures of operations unless such gains or losses are part of discontinued operations. This includes intermediate measures of operations presented by NFPs other than health care entities and any additional intermediate measures of operations presented within the performance indicator by not-for-profit health care entities.
  4. d
    The disclosure requirements in paragraph 825-10-50-30 shall apply not only with respect to the effect on performance indicators or other intermediate measures of operations, if presented, but also with respect to the effect on the change in each of the net asset classes (without donor restrictions or with donor restrictions), as applicable.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance:
105-10-65-10Not-for-profit entities (NFPs) shall apply the provisions of the Fair Value Option Subsections with the following modifications:
  1. a
    References to an income statement shall be replaced with references to a statement of activities, statement of changes in net assets, or statement of operations.
  2. b
    References to earnings shall be replaced with references to changes in net assets, except as indicated in (c).
  3. c
    Paragraph 954-825-45-1 explains that health care entities subject to Topic 954 shall report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected within the performance indicator or as a part of discontinued operations, as appropriate. Unlike other NFPs, health care entities subject to that Topic present performance indicators analogous to income from continuing operations. Consistent with the provisions of paragraphs
    958-220-45-9 through 45-12
    ,     NFPs may present such gains and losses either within or outside of other intermediate measures of operations unless such gains or losses are part of discontinued operations. This includes intermediate measures of operations presented by NFPs other than health care entities and any additional intermediate measures of operations presented within the performance indicator by not-for-profit health care entities.
  4. d
    The disclosure requirements in paragraph 825-10-50-30 shall apply not only with respect to the effect on performance indicators or other intermediate measures of operations, if presented, but also with respect to the effect on the change in each of the net asset classes (without donor restrictions or with donor restrictions), as applicable.

825-10-25Recognition

Source downloaded: .Record version 504372e91eba. Effective date must be checked in the source.

Fair Value Option

Overall Guidance

825-10-25-1
This Subtopic permits all entities to choose, at specified election dates, to measure eligible items at fair value (the fair value option).
825-10-25-2
The decision about whether to elect the fair value option:
  1. a
    Shall be applied instrument by instrument, except as discussed in paragraph 825-10-25-7
  2. b
    Shall be irrevocable (unless a new election date occurs, as discussed in paragraph 825-10-25-4)
  3. c
    Shall be applied only to an entire instrument and not to only specified risks, specific cash flows, or portions of that instrument.
An entity may decide whether to elect the fair value option for each eligible item on its election date. Alternatively, an entity may elect the fair value option according to a preexisting policy for specified types of eligible items.
825-10-25-3
Upfront costs and fees related to items for which the fair value option is elected shall be recognized in earnings as incurred and not deferred.
825-10-25-4
An entity may choose to elect the fair value option for an eligible item only on the date that one of the following occurs:
  1. a
    The entity first recognizes the eligible item.
  2. b
    The entity enters into an eligible firm commitment.
  3. c
    Financial assets that have been reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings because of specialized accounting principles cease to qualify for that specialized accounting (for example, a transfer of assets from a subsidiary subject to Subtopic 946-10 to another entity within the consolidated reporting entity not subject to that Subtopic).
  4. d
    The accounting treatment for an investment in another entity changes because the investment becomes subject to the equity method of accounting.
    1. 1
      Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01.
    2. 2
      Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01.
  5. e
    An event that requires an eligible item to be measured at fair value at the time of the event but does not require fair value measurement at each reporting date after that, excluding the recognition of impairment under lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or accounting for securities in accordance with either Topic 321 on investments—equity securities or Topic 326 on measurement of credit losses.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2026; (N) December 16, 2026Transition guidance:
105-10-65-10An entity may choose to elect the fair value option for an eligible item only on the date that one of the following occurs:
  1. a
    The entity first recognizes the eligible item.
  2. b
    The entity enters into an eligible firm commitment.
  3. c
    Financial assets that have been reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings because of specialized accounting principles cease to qualify for that specialized accounting (for example, a transfer of assets from a subsidiary subject to Subtopic 946-10 to another entity within the consolidated reporting entity not subject to that Subtopic).
  4. d
    The accounting treatment for an investment in another entity changes because the investment becomes subject to the equity method of accounting.
    1. 1
    2. 2
  5. e
    An event that requires an eligible item to be measured at fair value at the time of the event but does not require fair value measurement at each reporting date after that, excluding the recognition of impairment under lower-of-cost-or-market accounting, the recognition of other-than-temporary impairment for equity method investments in accordance with Topic 323 on investments—equity method and joint ventures, or accounting for securities in accordance with either Topic 321 on investments—equity securities or Topic 326 on measurement of credit losses.
825-10-25-5
Some of the events that require remeasurement of eligible items at fair value, initial recognition of eligible items, or both, and thereby create an election date for the fair value option as discussed in paragraph 825-10-25-4(e) are:
  1. a
    Business combinations, as defined in Subtopic 805-10
  2. b
    Consolidation or deconsolidation of a subsidiary or VIE
  3. c
    Significant modifications of debt, as defined in Subtopic 470-50.
825-10-25-6
An acquirer, parent, or primary beneficiary decides whether to apply the fair value option to eligible items of an acquiree, subsidiary, or consolidated VIE, but that decision applies only in the consolidated financial statements. Fair value option choices made by an acquired entity, subsidiary, or VIE continue to apply in separate financial statements of those entities if they issue separate financial statements.
825-10-25-7
The fair value option may be elected for a single eligible item without electing it for other identical items with the following four exceptions:
  1. a
    If multiple advances are made to one borrower pursuant to a single contract (such as a line of credit or a construction loan) and the individual advances lose their identity and become part of a larger loan balance, the fair value option shall be applied only to the larger balance and not to each advance individually.
  2. b
    If the fair value option is applied to an investment that would otherwise be accounted for under the equity method of accounting, it shall be applied to all of the investor's financial interests in the same entity (equity and debt, including guarantees) that are eligible items.
  3. c
    If the fair value option is applied to an eligible insurance or reinsurance contract, it shall be applied to all claims and obligations under the contract.
  4. d
    If the fair value option is elected for an insurance contract (base contract) for which integrated or nonintegrated contract features or coverages (some of which are called riders) are issued either concurrently or subsequently, the fair value option also must be applied to those features or coverages. The fair value option cannot be elected for only the nonintegrated contract features or coverages, even though those features or coverages are accounted for separately under Subtopic 944-30. Paragraph 944-30-35-30 defines a nonintegrated contract feature in an insurance contract. For purposes of applying this Subtopic, neither an integrated contract feature or coverage nor a nonintegrated contract feature or coverage qualifies as a separate instrument.
825-10-25-10
The fair value option need not be applied to all instruments issued or acquired in a single transaction (except as required by paragraph 825-10-25-7(a) through (b)). For example, investors in shares of stock and registered bonds might apply the fair value option to only some of the shares or bonds issued or acquired in a single transaction. For this purpose, an individual bond is considered to be the minimum denomination of that debt security.
825-10-25-11
A financial instrument that is legally a single contract may not be separated into parts for purposes of applying the fair value option. In contrast, a loan syndication arrangement may result in multiple loans to the same borrower by different lenders. Each of those loans is a separate instrument, and the fair value option may be elected for some of those loans but not others.
825-10-25-12
An investor in an equity security may elect the fair value option for its entire investment in that equity security, including any fractional shares issued by the investee (for example, fractional shares that are acquired in a dividend reinvestment program).
825-10-25-13
For the issuer of a liability issued with an inseparable third-party credit enhancement (for example, debt that is issued with a contractual third-party guarantee), the unit of accounting for the liability measured or disclosed at fair value does not include the third-party credit enhancement. This paragraph does not apply to the holder of the issuer's credit-enhanced liability or to any of the following financial instruments or transactions:
  1. a
    A credit enhancement granted to the issuer of the liability (for example, deposit insurance provided by a government or government agency)
  2. b
    A credit enhancement provided between reporting entities within a consolidated or combined group (for example, between a parent and its subsidiary or between entities under common control).

825-10-35Subsequent Measurement

Source downloaded: .Record version 9432cbeae336. Effective date must be checked in the source.

Fair Value Option

825-10-45Other Presentation Matters

Source downloaded: .Record version 445e4330bc37. Effective date must be checked in the source.

Statement of Financial Position

825-10-45-1A
An entity shall separately present financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) in the statement of financial position or the accompanying notes to the financial statements.

Fair Value Option

825-10-45-1B
Entities shall report assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value pursuant to the fair value option in this Subtopic in a manner that separates those reported fair values from the carrying amounts of similar assets and liabilities measured using another measurement attribute.
825-10-45-2
To accomplish that, an entity shall either:
  1. a
    Present the aggregate of fair value and non-fair-value amounts in the same line item in the statement of financial position and parenthetically disclose the amount measured at fair value included in the aggregate amount
  2. b
    Present two separate line items to display the fair value and non-fair-value carrying amounts.

Statement of Cash Flows

825-10-45-3
Entities shall classify cash receipts and cash payments related to items measured at fair value according to their nature and purpose as required by Topic 230.

Statement of Comprehensive Income

825-10-45-4
A business entity shall report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings (or another performance indicator if the business entity does not report earnings) at each subsequent reporting date.
825-10-45-5
If an entity has designated a financial liability under the fair value option in accordance with this Subtopic or Subtopic 815-15 on embedded derivatives, the entity shall measure the financial liability at fair value with qualifying changes in fair value recognized in net income. The entity shall present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of the liability that results from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk. The entity may consider the portion of the total change in fair value that excludes the amount resulting from a change in a base market risk, such as a risk-free rate or a benchmark interest rate, to be the result of a change in instrument-specific credit risk. Alternatively, an entity may use another method that it considers to faithfully represent the portion of the total change in fair value resulting from a change in instrument-specific credit risk. The entity shall apply the method consistently to each financial liability from period to period.
825-10-45-5A
When changes in instrument-specific credit risk are presented separately from other changes in fair value of a liability denominated in a currency other than an entity's functional currency, the component of the change in fair value of the liability resulting from changes in instrument-specific credit risk shall first be measured in the liability's currency of denomination, and then the cumulative amount shall be adjusted to reflect the current exchange rate in accordance with paragraph 830-20-35-2. The remeasurement of the component of the change in fair value of the liability resulting from the cumulative changes in instrument-specific credit risk shall be presented in accumulated other comprehensive income.
825-10-45-6
Upon derecognition of a financial liability designated under the fair value option in accordance with this Subtopic, an entity shall include in net income the cumulative amount of the gain or loss on the financial liability that resulted from changes in instrument-specific credit risk.
825-10-45-7
The guidance in paragraph 825-10-45-5 does not apply to financial liabilities of a consolidated collateralized financing entity measured using the measurement alternative in paragraphs
810-10-30-10 through 30-15
and
810-10-35-6 through 35-8
.

825-10-50Disclosure

Source downloaded: .Record version dd65139eb4ac. Effective date must be checked in the source.

825-10-50-1
Paragraph 825-10-05-3 identifies various Topics within the Codification that address financial instruments matters. Those and other Topics in the Codification require disclosures about specific financial instruments. This Subsection addresses incremental disclosures about all of the following:
  1. a
    Fair value of financial instruments
  2. b
    Concentrations of credit risk of all financial instruments
  3. c
    Market risk of all financial instruments.

Applicability of This Subsection

825-10-50-2
This guidance discusses the applicability of the disclosure requirements in this Subsection to entities and transactions.
825-10-50-2A
The disclosure guidance in this Subsection applies to public business entities, except for the disclosure guidance in paragraphs
825-10-50-20 through 50-23
, which applies to all entities. For interim reporting periods, the disclosure guidance in paragraphs
825-10-50-20 through 50-23
is optional for those entities that do not meet the definition of a public business entity.
825-10-50-8
In part, this Subsection requires disclosures about fair value for all financial instruments, whether recognized or not recognized in the statement of financial position, except that the disclosures about fair value prescribed in paragraphs
825-10-50-10 through 50-13
and 825-10-50-15 are not required for any of the following:
  1. a
    Employers' and plans' obligations for pension benefits, other postretirement benefits including health care and life insurance benefits, postemployment benefits, employee stock option and stock purchase plans, and other forms of deferred compensation arrangements (see Topics 710, 712, 715, 718, and 960)
  2. b
    Substantively extinguished debt subject to the disclosure requirements of Subtopic 405-20
  3. c
    Insurance contracts, other than financial guarantees (including financial guarantee insurance contracts within the scope of Topic 944) and investment contracts, as discussed in Subtopic 944-20
  4. d
    Lease contracts as defined in Topic 842 (a contingent obligation arising out of a cancelled lease and a guarantee of a third-party lease obligation are not lease contracts and are subject to the disclosure requirements in this Subsection)
  5. e
    Warranty obligations (see Topic 450 and the Product Warranties Subsections of Topic 460)
  6. f
    Unconditional purchase obligations as defined in paragraph 440-10-50-2
  7. g
    Investments accounted for under the equity method in accordance with the requirements of Topic 323
  8. h
    Noncontrolling interests and equity investments in consolidated subsidiaries (see Topic 810)
  9. i
    Equity instruments issued by the entity and classified in stockholders' equity in the statement of financial position (see Topic 505)
  10. j
    Receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps for which the simplified hedge accounting approach is applied (see Topic 815)
  11. k
    Fully benefit-responsive investment contracts held by an employee benefit plan.
  12. l
    Investments in equity securities accounted for under the measurement guidance for equity securities without readily determinable fair values (see Topic 321)
  13. m
    Trade receivables and payables due in one year or less
  14. n
    Deposit liabilities with no defined or contractual maturities.
  15. o
    Liabilities resulting from the sale of prepaid stored-value products within the scope of paragraph 405-20-40-3.
825-10-50-9
Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) require disclosure of or subsequent measurement at fair value for many classes of financial instruments. Those requirements are not superseded or modified by this Subsection.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

825-10-50-10
A reporting entity shall disclose either in the body of the financial statements or in the accompanying notes, the fair value of financial instruments and the level of the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurements are categorized in their entirety (Level 1, 2, or 3).
  1. a
    Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01.
  2. b
    Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01.
  3. c
    Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01.
  4. d
    Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01.
For financial instruments recognized at fair value in the statement of financial position, the disclosure requirements of Topic 820 also apply.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
270-10-65-1For interim and annual reporting periods, a reporting entity shall disclose either in the body of the financial statements or in the accompanying notes, the fair value of financial instruments and the level of the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurements are categorized in their entirety (Level 1, 2, or 3).
  1. a
  2. b
  3. c
  4. d
For financial instruments recognized at fair value in the statement of financial position, the disclosure requirements of Topic 820 also apply.
825-10-50-11
Fair value disclosed in the notes shall be presented together with the related carrying amount in a form that clarifies both of the following:
  1. a
    Whether the fair value and carrying amount represent assets or liabilities
  2. b
    How the carrying amounts relate to what is reported in the statement of financial position.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
270-10-65-1For interim and annual reporting periods, fair value disclosed in the notes shall be presented together with the related carrying amount in a form that clarifies both of the following:
  1. a
    Whether the fair value and carrying amount represent assets or liabilities
  2. b
    How the carrying amounts relate to what is reported in the statement of financial position.
825-10-50-11A
See paragraph 470-20-50-1D for additional guidance on disclosures about fair value of convertible debt instruments.
825-10-50-12
If the fair value of financial instruments is disclosed in more than a single note, one of the notes shall include a summary table. The summary table shall contain the fair value and related carrying amounts and cross-references to the location(s) of the remaining disclosures required by this Section.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
270-10-65-1If the fair value of financial instruments is disclosed in more than a single note, one of the notes shall include a summary table in interim and annual reporting periods. The summary table shall contain the fair value and related carrying amounts and cross-references to the location(s) of the remaining disclosures required by this Section.
825-10-50-13
This Subtopic does not prohibit an entity from disclosing separately the estimated fair value of any of its nonfinancial intangible and tangible assets and nonfinancial liabilities.
825-10-50-15
In disclosing the fair value of a financial instrument, an entity shall not net that fair value with the fair value of other financial instruments—even if those financial instruments are of the same class or are otherwise considered to be related (for example, by a risk management strategy)—except to the extent that the offsetting of carrying amounts in the statement of financial position is permitted under either of the following:
  1. a
    The general principle in paragraph 210-20-45-1
  2. b
    The exceptions for master netting arrangements in paragraph 815-10-45-5 and for amounts related to certain repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements in paragraphs
    210-20-45-11 through 45-17
    .

Concentrations of Credit Risk of All Financial Instruments

825-10-50-20
Except as indicated in paragraph 825-10-50-22, an entity shall disclose all significant concentrations of credit risk arising from all financial instruments, whether from an individual counterparty or groups of counterparties. Throughout paragraphs 825-10-50-20 through 50-21, the term financial instruments includes derivative instruments accounted for under Topic 815. Group concentrations of credit risk exist if a number of counterparties are engaged in similar activities and have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
270-10-65-1For interim and annual reporting periods, except as indicated in paragraph 825-10-50-22, an entity shall disclose all significant concentrations of credit risk arising from all financial instruments, whether from an individual counterparty or groups of counterparties. Throughout paragraphs 825-10-50-20 through 50-21, the term financial instruments includes derivative instruments accounted for under Topic 815. Group concentrations of credit risk exist if a number of counterparties are engaged in similar activities and have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions.
825-10-50-21
Except as indicated in paragraph 825-10-50-22, all of the following shall be disclosed about each significant concentration:
  1. a
    Information about the (shared) activity, region, or economic characteristic that identifies the concentration
  2. b
    The maximum amount of loss due to credit risk that, based on the gross fair value of the financial instrument, the entity would incur if parties to the financial instruments that make up the concentration failed completely to perform according to the terms of the contracts and the collateral or other security, if any, for the amount due proved to be of no value to the entity
  3. c
    With respect to collateral, all of the following:
    1. 1
      The entity's policy of requiring collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk
    2. 2
      Information about the entity's access to that collateral or other security
    3. 3
      The nature and a brief description of the collateral or other security supporting those financial instruments.
  4. d
    With respect to master netting arrangements, all of the following:
    1. 1
      The entity's policy of entering into master netting arrangements to mitigate the credit risk of financial instruments
    2. 2
      Information about the arrangements for which the entity is a party
    3. 3
      A brief description of the terms of those arrangements, including the extent to which they would reduce the entity's maximum amount of loss due to credit risk.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
270-10-65-1For interim and annual reporting periods, except as indicated in paragraph 825-10-50-22, all of the following shall be disclosed about each significant concentration:
  1. a
    Information about the (shared) activity, region, or economic characteristic that identifies the concentration
  2. b
    The maximum amount of loss due to credit risk that, based on the gross fair value of the financial instrument, the entity would incur if parties to the financial instruments that make up the concentration failed completely to perform according to the terms of the contracts and the collateral or other security, if any, for the amount due proved to be of no value to the entity
  3. c
    With respect to collateral, all of the following:
    1. 1
      The entity's policy of requiring collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk
    2. 2
      Information about the entity's access to that collateral or other security
    3. 3
      The nature and a brief description of the collateral or other security supporting those financial instruments.
  4. d
    With respect to master netting arrangements, all of the following:
    1. 1
      The entity's policy of entering into master netting arrangements to mitigate the credit risk of financial instruments
    2. 2
      Information about the arrangements for which the entity is a party
    3. 3
      A brief description of the terms of those arrangements, including the extent to which they would reduce the entity's maximum amount of loss due to credit risk.
825-10-50-22
The requirements of paragraph 825-10-50-21 do not apply to the following financial instruments, whether written or held:
  1. a
    The financial instruments described in paragraph 825-10-50-8(a); (c); (e); and (f), except for reinsurance recoverables and prepaid reinsurance premiums
  2. b
    Financial instruments of a pension plan, including plan assets, if subject to the accounting and reporting requirements of Topic 715.
Financial instruments of a pension plan, other than the obligations for pension benefits, if subject to the accounting and reporting requirements of Topic 960, are subject to the requirements of paragraphs
825-10-50-20 through 50-21
.

Market Risk of All Financial Instruments

825-10-50-23
An entity is encouraged, but not required, to disclose quantitative information about the market risks of financial instruments that is consistent with the way it manages or adjusts those risks. Appropriate ways of reporting that quantitative information will differ for different entities and will likely evolve over time as management approaches and measurement techniques evolve. Possibilities include disclosing any of the following:
  1. a
    More details about current positions and perhaps activity during the period
  2. b
    The hypothetical effects on comprehensive income (or net assets), or annual income, of several possible changes in market prices
  3. c
    A gap analysis of interest rate repricing or maturity dates
  4. d
    The duration of the financial instruments
  5. e
    The entity's value at risk from derivatives and from other positions at the end of the reporting period and the average value at risk during the year.
This list is not exhaustive, and an entity is encouraged to develop other ways of reporting quantitative information.

Fair Value Option

Applicability of This Subsection

825-10-50-23A
This guidance discusses the applicability of the disclosure requirements in this Subsection to all entities that have elected the fair value option.
825-10-50-24
The principal objectives of the disclosures required by paragraphs
825-10-50-28 through 50-32
are to facilitate both of the following comparisons:
  1. a
    Comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar assets and liabilities
  2. b
    Comparisons between assets and liabilities in the financial statements of an entity that selects different measurement attributes for similar assets and liabilities.
825-10-50-25
Those disclosure requirements are expected to result in the following:
  1. a
    Information to enable users of its financial statements to understand management's reasons for electing or partially electing the fair value option
  2. b
    Information to enable users to understand how changes in fair values affect earnings for the period
  3. c
    The same information about certain items (such as equity investments and nonperforming loans) that would have been disclosed if the fair value option had not been elected
  4. d
    Information to enable users to understand the differences between fair values and contractual cash flows for certain items.
To meet those objectives, the disclosures described in paragraphs
825-10-50-28 through 50-32
are required for items measured at fair value under the option in this Subtopic and the option in paragraph 815-15-25-4. Those disclosures are not required for securities classified as trading securities under Topic 320, life settlement contracts measured at fair value pursuant to Subtopic 325-30, or servicing rights measured at fair value pursuant to Subtopic 860-50. Those Subtopics include disclosure requirements not affected by this Subtopic.
825-10-50-26
Entities shall provide the disclosures required by paragraphs
825-10-50-28 through 50-32
in both interim and annual financial statements.
825-10-50-27
The disclosure requirements in paragraphs
825-10-50-28 through 50-30
do not eliminate disclosure requirements included in other Subtopics, including other disclosure requirements relating to fair value measurement. Entities are encouraged but are not required to present the disclosures required by this Subtopic in combination with related fair value information required to be disclosed by other Subtopics (for example, the General Subsection of this Section and Topic 820).

Required Disclosures as of Each Date for Which an Interim or Annual Statement of Financial Position Is Presented

825-10-50-28
As of each date for which a statement of financial position is presented, entities shall disclose all of the following:
  1. a
    Management's reasons for electing a fair value option for each eligible item or group of similar eligible items
  2. b
    If the fair value option is elected for some but not all eligible items within a group of similar eligible items, both of the following:
    1. 1
      A description of those similar items and the reasons for partial election
    2. 2
      Information to enable users to understand how the group of similar items relates to individual line items on the statement of financial position.
  3. c
    For each line item in the statement of financial position that includes an item or items for which the fair value option has been elected, both of the following:
    1. 1
      Information to enable users to understand how each line item in the statement of financial position relates to major classes of assets and liabilities presented in accordance with the fair value disclosure requirements of Topic 820. (Paragraph 825-10-50-11 also requires an entity to relate carrying amounts that are disclosed in accordance with that paragraph to what is reported in the statement of financial position.)
    2. 2
      The aggregate carrying amount of items included in each line item in the statement of financial position that are not eligible for the fair value option, if any.
  4. d
    The difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance of each of the following:
    1. 1
      Loans and long-term receivables (other than securities subject to Topic 320) that have contractual principal amounts and for which the fair value option has been elected
    2. 2
      Long-term debt instruments that have contractual principal amounts and for which the fair value option has been elected.
  5. e
    For loans held as assets for which the fair value option has been elected, all of the following:
    1. 1
      The aggregate fair value of loans that are 90 days or more past due
    2. 2
      If the entity's policy is to recognize interest income separately from other changes in fair value, the aggregate fair value of loans in nonaccrual status
    3. 3
      The difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance for loans that are 90 days or more past due, in nonaccrual status, or both.
  6. f
    For investments that would have been accounted for under the equity method if the entity had not chosen to apply the fair value option, the information required by paragraph 323-10-50-3 (excluding the disclosures in paragraph 323-10-50-3(a)(3); (b); and (d)).
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
270-10-65-1As of each date for which an interim or annual statement of financial position is presented, entities shall disclose all of the following:
  1. a
    Management's reasons for electing a fair value option for each eligible item or group of similar eligible items
  2. b
    If the fair value option is elected for some but not all eligible items within a group of similar eligible items, both of the following:
    1. 1
      A description of those similar items and the reasons for partial election
    2. 2
      Information to enable users to understand how the group of similar items relates to individual line items on the statement of financial position.
  3. c
    For each line item in the statement of financial position that includes an item or items for which the fair value option has been elected, both of the following:
    1. 1
      Information to enable users to understand how each line item in the statement of financial position relates to major classes of assets and liabilities presented in accordance with the fair value disclosure requirements of Topic 820. (Paragraph 825-10-50-11 also requires an entity to relate carrying amounts that are disclosed in accordance with that paragraph to what is reported in the statement of financial position.)
    2. 2
      The aggregate carrying amount of items included in each line item in the statement of financial position that are not eligible for the fair value option, if any.
  4. d
    The difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance of each of the following:
    1. 1
      Loans and long-term receivables (other than securities subject to Topic 320) that have contractual principal amounts and for which the fair value option has been elected
    2. 2
      Long-term debt instruments that have contractual principal amounts and for which the fair value option has been elected.
  5. e
    For loans held as assets for which the fair value option has been elected, all of the following:
    1. 1
      The aggregate fair value of loans that are 90 days or more past due
    2. 2
      If the entity's policy is to recognize interest income separately from other changes in fair value, the aggregate fair value of loans in nonaccrual status
    3. 3
      The difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance for loans that are 90 days or more past due, in nonaccrual status, or both.
  6. f
    For investments that would have been accounted for under the equity method if the entity had not chosen to apply the fair value option, the information required by paragraph 323-10-50-3 (excluding the disclosures in paragraph 323-10-50-3(a)(3); (b); and (d)).
825-10-50-29
The disclosure in paragraph 825-10-50-28(f) applies to investments in common stock, investments in in-substance common stock, and other investments (for example, partnerships and certain limited liability corporations) that both:
  1. a
    Would otherwise be required to be accounted for under the equity method under other generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP)
  2. b
    Would be required to satisfy the disclosure requirements of paragraph 323-10-50-3.
When applying paragraph 825-10-50-28(f), an entity shall apply the guidance from paragraphs 323-10-50-2 and 323-10-50-3(a) and (c).

Required Disclosures for Each Period for Which an Interim or Annual Income Statement Is Presented

825-10-50-30
For each period for which an income statement is presented, entities shall disclose all of the following about items for which the fair value option has been elected:
  1. a
    For each line item in the statement of financial position, the amounts of gains and losses from fair value changes included in earnings during the period and in which line in the income statement those gains and losses are reported. This Subtopic does not preclude an entity from meeting this requirement by disclosing amounts of gains and losses that include amounts of gains and losses for other items measured at fair value, such as items required to be measured at fair value.
  2. b
    A description of how interest and dividends are measured and where they are reported in the income statement. This Subtopic does not address the methods used for recognizing and measuring the amount of dividend income, interest income, and interest expense for items for which the fair value option has been elected.
  3. c
    For loans and other receivables held as assets, both of the following:
    1. 1
      The estimated amount of gains or losses included in earnings during the period attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk
    2. 2
      How the gains or losses attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were determined.
  4. d
    For liabilities, all of the following about the effects of the instrument-specific credit risk and changes in it:
    1. 1
      The amount of change, during the period and cumulatively, of the fair value of the liability that is attributable to changes in the instrument-specific credit risk
    2. 2
      Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01.
    3. 3
      How the gains and losses attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were determined.
    4. 4
      If a liability is settled during the period, the amount, if any, recognized in other comprehensive income that was recognized in net income at settlement.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
270-10-65-1For each interim or annual period for which an income statement is presented, entities shall disclose all of the following about items for which the fair value option has been elected:
  1. a
    For each line item in the statement of financial position, the amounts of gains and losses from fair value changes included in earnings during the period and in which line in the income statement those gains and losses are reported. This Subtopic does not preclude an entity from meeting this requirement by disclosing amounts of gains and losses that include amounts of gains and losses for other items measured at fair value, such as items required to be measured at fair value.
  2. b
    A description of how interest and dividends are measured and where they are reported in the income statement. This Subtopic does not address the methods used for recognizing and measuring the amount of dividend income, interest income, and interest expense for items for which the fair value option has been elected.
  3. c
    For loans and other receivables held as assets, both of the following:
    1. 1
      The estimated amount of gains or losses included in earnings during the period attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk
    2. 2
      How the gains or losses attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were determined.
  4. d
    For liabilities, all of the following about the effects of the instrument-specific credit risk and changes in it:
    1. 1
      The amount of change, during the period and cumulatively, of the fair value of the liability that is attributable to changes in the instrument-specific credit risk
    2. 2
    3. 3
      How the gains and losses attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were determined.
    4. 4
      If a liability is settled during the period, the amount, if any, recognized in other comprehensive income that was recognized in net income at settlement.

Other Required Disclosures

825-10-50-31
In annual periods only, an entity shall disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of items for which the fair value option has been elected. For required disclosures about the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments, see paragraph 820-10-50-2(bbb) except that an entity is not required to provide the quantitative disclosures about significant unobservable inputs used in fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy required by that paragraph.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
270-10-65-1In interim and annual periods, an entity shall disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of items for which the fair value option has been elected. For required disclosures about the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments, see paragraph 820-10-50-2(bbb) except that an entity is not required to provide the quantitative disclosures about significant unobservable inputs used in fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy required by that paragraph.
825-10-50-32
If an entity elects the fair value option at the time one of the events in paragraph 825-10-25-4(d) through (e) occurs, the entity shall disclose both of the following in financial statements for the period of the election:
  1. a
    Qualitative information about the nature of the event
  2. b
    Quantitative information by line item in the statement of financial position indicating which line items in the income statement include the effect on earnings of initially electing the fair value option for an item.
Transition date:(P) December 16, 2027; (N) December 16, 2028Transition guidance:
270-10-65-1If an entity elects the fair value option at the time one of the events in paragraph 825-10-25-4(d) through (e) occurs, the entity shall disclose both of the following in interim and annual financial statements for the period of the election:
  1. a
    Qualitative information about the nature of the event
  2. b
    Quantitative information by line item in the statement of financial position indicating which line items in the income statement include the effect on earnings of initially electing the fair value option for an item.

825-10-55Implementation Guidance and Illustrations

Source downloaded: .Record version 9e6588212da0. Effective date must be checked in the source.

Implementation Guidance

825-10-55-1
The terms of certain loan products may increase a reporting entity's exposure to credit risk and thereby may result in a concentration of credit risk as that term is used in this Subtopic, either as an individual product type or as a group of products with similar features. Possible shared characteristics on which significant concentrations may be determined include, but are not limited to, the following:
  1. a
    Borrowers subject to significant payment increases
  2. b
    Loans with terms that permit negative amortization
  3. c
    Loans with high loan-to-value ratios.
825-10-55-2
Judgment is required to determine whether loan products have terms that give rise to a concentration of credit risk. Furthermore, an entity may disclose how underwriting procedures are designed to control the credit risk that may arise from future payment increases.

Fair Value Option

Illustrations

825-10-55-6
The following Cases illustrate selected disclosure requirements for items reported at fair value under this Subtopic:
  1. a
    The Fair Value Option Subsection of 825-10-50 disclosures with voluntary integration of the General Subsection of 825-10-50 disclosures (Case A)
  2. b
    The Fair Value Option Subsection of 825-10-50 disclosures without voluntary integration of the General Subsection of 825-10-50 disclosures (Case B).
825-10-55-7
Cases A and B represent suggested forms for presenting disclosure information. While the suggested forms of presentation illustrate selected required disclosures, the suggested forms of presentation are not mandated by this Subtopic. Aggregation of related fair value disclosures is encouraged but not required.
825-10-55-8
The statement of financial position for Entity XYZ as of December 31, 20X1, is provided to assist in understanding the illustrative fair value disclosures in Cases A and B.
  • ($ in 000s) Description "At December 31, 20X1" Assets Cash and due from banks $38 Deposits with banks 22 Fed funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements 134 Securities borrowed 75 Trading debt securities 115 Debt securities available-for-sale (net of allowance for credit losses of $3) 75 Debt securities held-to-maturity $34 Allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity debt securities (2) "Debt securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses" 32 Loans and lease receivables ($150 at fair value) $560 Allowance for credit losses on loan and lease receivables (10) "Loans and lease receivables, net of allowance for credit losses" 550 Derivatives 60 Equity investments 125 Premises and equipment 10 Other assets 20 Total assets " $1,256 " Liabilities Non-interest-bearing deposits $143 Interest-bearing deposits 412 Fed funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements 130 Accounts payable 110 Short-term borrowings 128 Long-term debt ($60 at fair value) 200 Total liabilities " 1,123 " Shareholders' equity "Common stock (authorized 5,000,000 shares; issued 3,550,000 shares)" 4 Capital surplus 88 Retained earnings 42 Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (1) Total shareholders' equity 133 Total liabilities and shareholders' equity " $1,256 "
825-10-55-9
The objective is to provide information about all of the following:
  1. a
    Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (as required by Subtopic 820-10)
  2. b
    Changes in fair values of assets and liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected in a manner that relates to the statement of financial position (as required by this Subtopic)
  3. c
    Fair value estimates and corresponding carrying amounts for major categories of assets and liabilities that include items measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in accordance with the General Subsection of 825-10-50).
825-10-55-10
The following table represents the fair value tabular disclosure required by paragraph 820-10-50-2(b), supplemented to do both of the following:
  1. a
    Provide information about where in the income statement changes in fair values of assets and liabilities reported at fair value are included in earnings
  2. b
    Voluntarily integrate selected disclosures required annually by the General Subsection of 825-10-50.
Disclosures required by paragraphs 825-10-50-28(c) and 825-10-50-30(a) are illustrated in the narrative disclosure that follows the table.
  • ($ in 000s) "Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 20X1, Using" "Changes in Fair Values for the 12-Month Period Ended December 31, 20X1, for Items Measured at Fair Value Pursuant to Election of the Fair Value Option" Description Total Carrying Amount in Statement of Financial Position 12/31/X1 (a) Fair Value Estimate 12/31/X1 (b) Assets or Liabilites Measured at Fair Value 12/31/X1 Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) "Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)" "Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)" Trading Gains and Losses Other Gains and Losses Interest lncome on Loans Interest Expense on Long-Term Debt Total Changes in Fair Values Included in Current-Period Earnings Total Changes in Fair Values Included in Other Comprehensive Income Trading debt securities $115 $115 $115 $105 $10 $10 (c) $10 Available-for-sale debt securities, net 75 75 75 75 "Loans, net" 400 412 150 - 100 $50 $(3) $10 7 Derivatives 60 60 60 25 15 20 5 (c) 5 Equity investments 125 125 125 * 50 25 50 (18) (18) Long-term debt (200) (206) (60) (40) (20) 13 $(4) 5 4 (*) Includes investments that would otherwise be accounted for under the equity method of accounting. "Loans are included in loans and lease receivables in the statement of financial position. As of December 31, 20X1, approximately $160,000 of lease receivables are included in loans and lease receivables in the statement of financial position and are not eligible for the fair value option." (a) This column discloses carrying amount information required annually by this Subtopic only for major categories of assets and liabilities that include items measured at fair value. (b) "This column discloses fair value estimates required annually by this Subtopic only for major categories of assets and liabilities that include items measured at fair value. This Subtopic requires an entity to disclose fair value estimates and related carrying amounts for all financial instruments within the scope of this Subtopic. Paragraph 825-10-50-12 requires that if an entity discloses the fair value of financial instruments in more than a single note, one of the notes include a summary table (not presented in this Example)." (c) This Subtopic does not require disclosure of the amounts in the Trading Gains and Losses column nor does it preclude disclosure of these amounts. These amounts are shown for completeness.
825-10-55-11
An entity might provide either of the following additional disclosures required by paragraph 825-10-50-28(a) through (b) after the following table:
  1. a
    Management's reasons for electing a fair value option for each eligible item or group of similar eligible items
  2. b
    If the fair value option is elected for some but not all eligible items within a group of similar eligible items, both of the following:
    1. 1
      A description of those similar items and the reasons for partial election
    2. 2
      Information to enable users to understand how the group of similar items relates to individual line items on the statement of financial position.
825-10-55-12
The following table illustrates an alternative presentation that does not integrate disclosures required annually by this Subtopic or the additional gain and loss amounts voluntarily displayed in the table in Case A. The following table represents the fair value hierarchy table set forth in Topic 820, supplemented to provide information about where in the income statement changes in fair values of assets and liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected are included in earnings. Disclosures required by paragraphs 825-10-50-28(c) and 825-10-50-30(a) are illustrated in the narrative disclosure that follows the table.
  • ($ in 000s) "Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 20X1, Using" "Changes in Fair Values for the 12-Month Period Ended December 31, 20X1, for Items Measured at Fair Value Pursuant to Election of the Fair Value Option" Description Fair Value Measure-ments 12/31/X1 "Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)" "Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)" "Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)" Other Gains and Losses Interest Income on Loans Interest Expense on Long-Term Debt Total Changes in Fair Values Included in Current- Period Earnings Total Changes in Fair Values Included in Other Comprehensive Income Trading debt securities $115 $105 $10 Available-for-sale debt securities 75 75 Loans 150 - 100 $50 $3 $10 $7 Derivatives 60 25 15 20 Equity investments* 125 50 25 50 (18) (18) Long-term debt (60) (40) (20) 13 $(4) 5 4 (*) Represents investments that would otherwise be accounted for under the equity method of accounting. "Loans are included in loans and lease receivables in the statement of financial position. As of December 31, 20X1, approximately $160,000 of lease receivables are included in loans and lease receivables in the statement of financial position and are not eligible for the fair value option."
825-10-55-13
An entity might provide either of the following additional disclosures required by paragraph 825-10-50-28(a) through (b) after the table:
  1. a
    Management's reasons for electing a fair value option for each eligible item or group of similar eligible items
  2. b
    If the fair value option is elected for some but not all eligible items within a group of similar eligible items, both of the following:
    1. 1
      A description of those similar items and the reasons for partial election
    2. 2
      Information to enable users to understand how the group of similar items relates to individual line items on the statement of financial position.

825-10-60Relationships

Source downloaded: .Record version d1c60ee2d066. Effective date must be checked in the source.

Financial Services—Depository and Lending

825-10-60-1
For guidance on estimating the fair value of deposit liabilities, see paragraph 942-470-50-1.

825-10-65Transition and Open Effective Date Information

Source downloaded: .Record version 3cbca4d81c88. Effective date must be checked in the source.

825-10-65-1
Paragraph superseded on 04/13/2010 after the end of the transition period stated in FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments.
825-10-65-2
Paragraph superseded on 08/19/2021 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.
825-10-65-3
Paragraph superseded on 8/12/2020 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-03, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.
825-10-65-4
Paragraph superseded on 8/12/2020 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-09, Codification Improvements.
825-10-65-5
Paragraph superseded on 08/19/2021 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Updates No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments, and No. 2020-03, Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments.
825-10-65-6
Paragraph superseded on 07/10/2023 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2020-01, Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815.
825-10-65-7
Paragraph superseded on 07/10/2023 after the end of the transition period stated in Accounting Standards Update No. 2020-03, Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments.

Related subtopics