ASC 270-10
Overall
270 Interim Reporting
Source downloaded: .Record version 9b5714571597. Effective date must be checked in the source.
ASC 270-10 governs how GAAP is applied to interim financial information (monthly, quarterly, or other periods shorter than a year) and what must be disclosed. Its core rule is the "integral part" view: each interim period is viewed primarily as an integral part of an annual period, so results generally follow the accounting principles used in the latest annual financial statements, with specified modifications (e.g., inventory, LIFO liquidations, cost allocations, estimated annual effective tax rate). It also sets minimum disclosure requirements for publicly traded companies reporting summarized interim data, which ASU 2025-11 replaces with disclosure requirements keyed to interim financial statements and notes prepared in accordance with GAAP, including condensed statements.
Key points (7)
- Each interim period shall be viewed primarily as an integral part of an annual period, and interim results shall be based on the accounting principles and practices used in the latest annual financial statements unless a change was adopted in the current year (270-10-45-1; 270-10-45-2).
- Revenue is recognized in interim periods on the same Topic 606 basis followed for the full year, and projected contract losses under Subtopic 605-35 are recognized in full in the interim period in which their existence becomes evident (270-10-45-3).
- Costs are split between costs associated with revenue (charged when the related revenue is recognized) and all other costs and expenses (charged as incurred or allocated based on time expired, benefit received, or activity), with arbitrary assignment prohibited and no deferral of gains/losses that would not be deferred at year-end (270-10-45-4; 270-10-45-8).
- Interim inventory exceptions: disclose use of estimated gross profit rates; do not give effect to a LIFO base liquidation expected to be replaced by year-end (charge cost of sales with expected replacement cost); do not defer Subtopic 330-10 inventory losses beyond the interim period, but recognize later-period recoveries up to previously recognized losses; defer planned purchase price and volume variances (270-10-45-6).
- Year-end-type items (inventory shrinkage, allowance for uncollectible accounts, quantity discounts, discretionary bonuses) shall be estimated and assigned so each interim period bears a reasonable portion of the anticipated annual amount (270-10-45-10).
- Effects of disposals of a component and material unusual or infrequently occurring items are reported separately and shall not be prorated over the balance of the fiscal year; entities with material seasonal variations must disclose the seasonal nature of their activities (270-10-45-11; 270-10-45-11A).
- Changes in accounting estimate (including the estimated effective annual tax rate) are accounted for in the period of change with no restatement of prior interim information (270-10-45-14); publicly traded companies reporting summarized interim data must disclose the minimum items in 270-10-50-1 (revenues, tax provision, net income, comprehensive income, EPS, seasonality, contingencies, accounting changes, etc.), which ASU 2025-11 supersedes in favor of 270-10-50-8 through 50-70.
For students. Exam questions almost always test the integral-part view and its exceptions: inventory declines and unusual/infrequent items are recognized fully in the interim period they occur (never prorated), while annual-type costs such as property taxes, bonuses, and quantity discounts are allocated across interim periods using annual estimates. A common misunderstanding is treating each quarter as a wholly discrete period — and forgetting that income taxes are computed using the estimated annual effective tax rate under Subtopic 740-270.
Machine-generated study aid for ASC 270-10. Check the source paragraphs below.
270-10-00Status
Source downloaded: .Record version 5b2a5521dd47. Effective date must be checked in the source.
270-10-05Overview and Background
Source downloaded: .Record version 6c507ab23569. Effective date must be checked in the source.
270-10-10Objectives
Source downloaded: .Record version 355940068e02. Effective date must be checked in the source.
270-10-15Scope and Scope Exceptions
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Overall Guidance
Entities
Other Considerations
270-10-45Other Presentation Matters
Source downloaded: .Record version 187da872f704. Effective date must be checked in the source.
Accounting Principles and Practices
Revenue
Costs and Expenses
- aCosts associated with revenue - those costs that are associated directly with or allocated to the products sold or to the services rendered and that are charged against income in those interim periods in which the related revenue is recognized
- bAll other costs and expenses - those costs and expenses that are not allocated to the products sold or to the services rendered and that are charged against income in interim fiscal periods as incurred, or are allocated among interim periods based on an estimate of time expired, benefit received, or other activity associated with the periods.
- aSome entities use estimated gross profit rates to determine the cost of goods sold during interim periods or use other methods different from those used at annual inventory dates. These entities shall disclose the method used at the interim date and any significant adjustments that result from reconciliations with the annual physical inventory.
- bEntities that use the LIFO method may encounter a liquidation of base period inventories at an interim date that is expected to be replaced by the end of the annual period. In those cases the inventory at the interim reporting date shall not give effect to the LIFO liquidation, and cost of sales for the interim reporting period shall include the expected cost of replacement of the liquidated LIFO base.
- cInventory losses from the application of the guidance on subsequent measurement in Subtopic 330-10shall not be deferred beyond the interim period in which the decline occurs. Recoveries of such losses on the same inventory in later interim periods of the same fiscal year through market value recoveries (for inventory measured using LIFO or the retail inventory method) or net realizable valuerecoveries (for all other inventory) shall be recognized as gains in the later interim period. Such gains shall not exceed previously recognized losses. Some declines in the market value (for inventory measured using LIFO or the retail inventory method) or net realizable value (for all other inventory) of inventory at interim dates, however, can reasonably be expected to be restored in the fiscal year. Such temporary declines need not be recognized at the interim date since no loss is expected to be incurred in the fiscal year.
- dEntities that use standard cost accounting systems for determining inventory and product costs should generally follow the same procedures in reporting purchase price, wage rate, usage, or efficiency variances from standard cost at the end of an interim period as followed at the end of a fiscal year. Purchase price variances or volume or capacity cost variances that are planned and expected to be absorbed by the end of the annual period, should ordinarily be deferred at interim reporting dates. The effect of unplanned or unanticipated purchase price or volume variances, however, shall be reported at the end of an interim period following the same procedures used at the end of a fiscal year.
- aDirect expenditures made in the period (salaries and wages)
- bAccruals for estimated expenditures to be made at a later date (vacation pay)
- cAmortization of expenditures that affect more than one annual period (such as insurance premiums, interest, and rents).
- aCosts and expenses other than product costs shall be charged to income in interim periods as incurred, or be allocated among interim periods based on an estimate of time expired, benefit received or activity associated with the periods. Procedures adopted for assigning specific cost and expense items to an interim period shall be consistent with the bases followed by the entity in reporting results of operations at annual reporting dates. However, if a specific cost or expense item charged to expense for annual reporting purposes benefits more than one interim period, the cost or expense item may be allocated to those interim periods (see paragraph 270-10-45-9).
- bSome costs and expenses incurred in an interim period, however, cannot be readily identified with the activities or benefits of other interim periods and shall be charged to the interim period in which incurred. Disclosure in the notes to financial statements shall be made as to the nature and amount of such costs unless items of a comparable nature are included in both the current interim period and in the corresponding interim period of the preceding year. (See paragraph 270-10-50-1B.)
- cArbitrary assignment of the amount of such costs to an interim period shall not be made.
- dGains and losses that arise in any interim period similar to those that would not be deferred at year end shall not be deferred to later interim periods within the same fiscal year.
- aCosts and expenses other than product costs shall be charged to income in interim periods as incurred, or be allocated among interim periods based on an estimate of time expired, benefit received or activity associated with the periods. Procedures adopted for assigning specific cost and expense items to an interim period shall be consistent with the bases followed by the entity in reporting results of operations at annual reporting dates. However, if a specific cost or expense item charged to expense for annual reporting purposes benefits more than one interim period, the cost or expense item may be allocated to those interim periods (see paragraph 270-10-45-9).
- b
- cArbitrary assignment of the amount of such costs to an interim period shall not be made.
- dGains and losses that arise in any interim period similar to those that would not be deferred at year end shall not be deferred to later interim periods within the same fiscal year.
- aIf a cost that is expensed for annual reporting purposes clearly benefits two or more interim periods, each interim period shall be charged for an appropriate portion of the annual cost by the use of accruals or deferrals.
- bIf quantity discounts are allowed to customers based upon annual sales volume, the amount of such discounts charged to each interim period shall be based on the sales to customers during the interim period in relation to estimated annual sales.
- cProperty taxes (and similar costs such as interest and rent) may be accrued or deferred at annual reporting date, to achieve a full year's charge of taxes to costs and expenses. Similar procedures shall be adopted at each interim reporting date to provide an appropriate cost in each period.
- dAdvertising costs may be deferred within a fiscal year if the benefits of an expenditure made clearly extend beyond the interim period in which the expenditure is made. Advertising costs may be accrued and assigned to interim periods in relation to sales prior to the time the service is received if the advertising program is clearly implicit in the sales arrangement.
Seasonal Revenue, Costs, or Expenses
Unusual or Infrequent Items and Disposals of Components
Accounting Changes in Interim Periods
- aThe comparable interim period of the prior annual period
- bThe preceding interim periods in the current annual period
- cThe prior annual report.
| Editor's Note: The pending content for paragraph 270-10-45-12 linked to paragraph 105-10-65-7 will be removed upon transition of paragraph 270-10-65-1. |
- aThe comparable interim period of the prior annual period
- bThe preceding interim periods in the current annual period
- cThe prior annual report.
- aThe comparable interim period of the prior annual period
- bThe preceding interim periods in the current annual period
- cThe prior annual financial statements.
Adjustments Related to Prior Interim Periods of the Current Fiscal Year
- aThe effect of the adjustment or settlement is material in relation to income from continuing operations of the current fiscal year or in relation to the trend of income from continuing operations or is material by other appropriate criteria.
- bAll or part of the adjustment or settlement can be specifically identified with and is directly related to business activities of specific prior interim periods of the current fiscal year.
- cThe amount of the adjustment or settlement could not be reasonably estimated prior to the current interim period but becomes reasonably estimable in the current interim period.
- aThe portion of the item that is directly related to business activities of the entity during the current interim period, if any, shall be included in the determination of net income for that period.
- bPrior interim periods of the current fiscal year shall be restated to include the portion of the item that is directly related to business activities of the entity during each prior interim period in the determination of net income for that period.
- cThe portion of the item that is directly related to business activities of the entity during prior fiscal years, if any, shall be included in the determination of net income of the first interim period of the current fiscal year.
Guidance Related to Presentation of Other Topics at Interim Dates
- aFor accounting changes, see paragraphs .
- bFor comprehensive income, see paragraph 220-10-45-18.
- cFor incurred but not reported liability and interim reporting, see paragraphs and 720-20-35-8.
- dFor income tax provisions, see Subtopic 740-270.
- eFor inventory, see paragraphs 330-10-55-2 and 610-30-25-3.
- fFor pensions and other postretirement benefits, see paragraphs and 715-60-35-40.
| Editor's Note: The pending content for paragraph 270-10-45-19 linked to paragraph 105-10-65-7 will be removed upon transition of paragraph 270-10-65-1. |
- aFor accounting changes, see paragraphs and 250-10-45-21.
- bFor comprehensive income, see paragraph 220-10-45-18.
- cFor incurred but not reported liability and interim reporting, see paragraphs and 720-20-35-8.
- dFor income tax provisions, see Subtopic 740-270.
- eFor inventory, see paragraphs 330-10-55-2 and 610-30-25-3.
- fFor pensions and other postretirement benefits, see paragraphs and 715-60-35-40.
- aFor accounting changes, see paragraphs and 250-10-45-21.
- bFor comprehensive income, see paragraph 220-10-45-18.
- cFor incurred but not reported liability and interim reporting, see paragraphs and 720-20-35-8.
- dFor income tax provisions, see Subtopic 740-270.
- eFor inventory, see paragraphs 330-10-55-2 and 610-30-25-3.
- fFor pensions and other postretirement benefits, see paragraphs and 715-60-35-40.
- gFor evaluation of a going concern, see paragraphs .
Form and Content of Interim Financial Statements and Notes
- aFinancial statements presented using the same level of aggregation as the annual financial statements and notes subject to applicable annual disclosure requirements in GAAP
- bFinancial statements that are presented at a level more aggregated than the annual financial statements or that have limited notes subject to the disclosure requirements in this Topic or both (condensed statements).
- aFor the statement of financial position at the end of the reporting period, an entity shall include separate captions for each balance sheet component presented in the annual financial statements that is 10 percent or more of total assets. An entity also shall separately present cash and retained earnings regardless of the relative significance to total assets. An entity that presents a classified statement of financial position at the end of the annual reporting period shall present totals for current assets and current liabilities.
- bFor the statement of earnings for the reporting period, an entity shall include net sales or gross revenue and present each cost and expense category presented in the annual financial statements that exceeds 20 percent of sales or gross revenues (financial institutions shall substitute net interest income for sales). An entity also shall present the provision for income taxes and discontinued operations.
- cFor the statement of cash flows for the reporting period, an entity shall present totals for each category of cash flow activities (operating, investing, and financing) as well as cash at the beginning and end of each period and the increase or decrease in such balance.
- dFor investments by and distributions to owners for the reporting period, an entity shall present (in a note or a separate statement) an analysis of the changes in each caption presented in the statement of financial position. The analysis of changes shall be presented in the form of a reconciliation of the beginning balance to the ending balance for the reporting period. An entity also shall separately present investments by and distributions to owners.
- aNet assets with donor restrictions and net assets without donor restrictions shall be presented regardless of relative significance to total net assets in the statement of financial position.
- bThe required disclosure of expenses by nature and function may be condensed in accordance with the guidance in paragraphs , whether presented on the face of the statement of activities, as a separate schedule in the notes to financial statements, or in a separate financial statement.
- cThe requirement to provide a separate statement of changes in investments by and distributions to owners or disclosures explaining that such changes are not applicable.
270-10-50Disclosure
Source downloaded: .Record version bb36467b281e. Effective date must be checked in the source.
Disclosure of Summarized Interim Financial Data by Publicly Traded Companies
- aSales or gross revenues, provision for income taxes, net income, and comprehensive income
- bBasic and diluted earnings per share data for each period presented, determined in accordance with the provisions of Topic 260
- cSeasonal revenue, costs, or expenses (see paragraph 270-10-45-11)
- dSignificant changes in estimates or provisions for income taxes (see paragraphs 740-270-30-2, 740-270-30-6, and 740-270-30-8)
- eDisposal of a component of an entity and unusual or infrequently occurring items (see paragraphs 270-10-45-11A and 270-10-50-5)
- fContingent items (see paragraph 270-10-50-6)
- g
- hSignificant changes in financial position (see paragraph 270-10-50-4)
- iAll of the information about reportable segments required by paragraph 280-10-50-32, including provisions related to the recasting of segment information in previously issued financial statements.
- 1Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 2Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 3Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 4Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 5Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 6Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 1
- jAll of the following information about defined benefit pension plans and other defined benefit postretirement benefit plans, disclosed for all periods presented pursuant to the provisions of Subtopic 715-20:
- 1The amount of net periodic benefit cost recognized, for each period for which a statement of income is presented, showing separately the service cost component, the interest cost component, the expected return on plan assets for the period, the gain or loss component, the prior service cost or credit component, the transition asset or obligation component, and the gain or loss recognized due to a settlement or curtailment
- 2The total amount of the employer's contributions paid, and expected to be paid, during the current fiscal year, if significantly different from amounts previously disclosed pursuant to paragraph 715-20-50-1. Estimated contributions may be presented in the aggregate combining all of the following:
- iContributions required by funding regulations or laws
- iiDiscretionary contributions
- iiiNoncash contributions.
- i
- 1
- kThe information about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities recognized in the statement of financial position pursuant to Section 820-10-50
- l
- mThe information about financial instruments as required by Section 825-10-50
- nThe information about certain investments in debt and equity securities as required by Sections 320-10-50, 321-10-50, and 942-320-50
- o
- pAll of the following information about the credit quality of financial assets and the allowance for credit losses determined in accordance with the provisions of Subtopic 326-20 on financial instruments measured at amortized cost:
- 1Nonaccrual and past due financial assets (see paragraphs )
- 2Allowance for expected credit losses related to financial assets (see paragraphs )
- 3
- 4Credit-quality information related to instruments within the scope of Subtopic 326-20 (see paragraphs )
- 5Modifications of financing receivables (see paragraphs ).
- 1
- qThe gross information and net information required by paragraphs .
- rThe information about changes in accumulated other comprehensive income required by paragraphs 220-10-45-14A and 220-10-45-17 through 45-17B.
- sThe carrying amount of foreclosed residential real estate property as required by the last sentence of paragraph 310-10-50-11 and the amount of loans in the process of foreclosure as required by paragraph 310-10-50-35.
| Editor's Note: The pending content for paragraph 270-10-50-1 linked to paragraph 105-10-65-7 will be removed upon transition of paragraph 270-10-65-1. |
- aSales or gross revenues, provision for income taxes, net income, and comprehensive income
- bBasic and diluted earnings per share data for each period presented, determined in accordance with the provisions of Topic 260
- cSeasonal revenue, costs, or expenses (see paragraph 270-10-45-11)
- dSignificant changes in estimates or provisions for income taxes (see paragraphs 740-270-30-2, 740-270-30-6, and 740-270-30-8)
- eDisposal of a component of an entity and unusual or infrequently occurring items (see paragraphs 270-10-45-11A and 270-10-50-5)
- fContingent items (see paragraph 270-10-50-6)
- g
- hSignificant changes in financial position (see paragraph 270-10-50-4)
- iAll of the information about reportable segments required by paragraph 280-10-50-32, including provisions related to the recasting of segment information in previously issued financial statements.
- 1Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 2Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 3Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 4Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 5Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 6Subparagraph superseded by Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07.
- 1
- jAll of the following information about defined benefit pension plans and other defined benefit postretirement benefit plans, disclosed for all periods presented pursuant to the provisions of Subtopic 715-20:
- 1The amount of net periodic benefit cost recognized, for each period for which a statement of income is presented, showing separately the service cost component, the interest cost component, the expected return on plan assets for the period, the gain or loss component, the prior service cost or credit component, the transition asset or obligation component, and the gain or loss recognized due to a settlement or curtailment
- 2The total amount of the employer's contributions paid, and expected to be paid, during the current fiscal year, if significantly different from amounts previously disclosed pursuant to paragraph 715-20-50-1. Estimated contributions may be presented in the aggregate combining all of the following:
- iContributions required by funding regulations or laws
- iiDiscretionary contributions
- iiiNoncash contributions.
- i
- 1
- kThe information about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities recognized in the statement of financial position pursuant to Section 820-10-50
- l
- mThe information about financial instruments as required by Section 825-10-50
- nThe information about certain investments in debt and equity securities as required by Sections 320-10-50, 321-10-50, and 942-320-50
- o
- pAll of the following information about the credit quality of financial assets and the allowance for credit losses determined in accordance with the provisions of Subtopic 326-20 on financial instruments measured at amortized cost:
- 1Nonaccrual and past due financial assets (see paragraphs )
- 2Allowance for expected credit losses related to financial assets (see paragraphs )
- 3
- 4Credit-quality information related to instruments within the scope of Subtopic 326-20 (see paragraphs )
- 5Modifications of financing receivables (see paragraphs ).
- 1
- qThe gross information and net information required by paragraphs .
- rThe information about changes in accumulated other comprehensive income required by paragraphs 220-10-45-14A and 220-10-45-17 through 45-17B.
- sThe carrying amount of foreclosed residential real estate property as required by the last sentence of paragraph 310-10-50-11 and the amount of loans in the process of foreclosure as required by paragraph 310-10-50-35.
| Editor's Note: Paragraph 270-10-50-1 will be superseded upon transition, together with its heading: |
| > Disclosure of Summarized Interim Financial Data by Publicly Traded Companies |
- aA disaggregation of revenue for the period, see paragraphs and paragraphs .
- bThe opening and closing balances of receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers (if not otherwise separately presented or disclosed), see paragraph 606-10-50-8(a).
- cRevenue recognized in the reporting period that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period, see paragraph 606-10-50-8(b).
- dRevenue recognized in the reporting period from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods (for example, changes in transaction price), see paragraph 606-10-50-12A.
- eInformation about the entity's remaining performance obligations as of the end of the reporting period, see paragraphs .
Unusual or Infrequent Items
| Editor's Note: Paragraph 270-10-50-5 will be superseded upon transition, together with its heading. |
| > Unusual or Infrequent Items |
Contingencies
| Editor's Note: Paragraph 270-10-50-6 will be superseded upon transition, together with its heading. |
| > Contingencies |
Leases
| Editor's Note: Paragraph 270-10-50-6A will be superseded upon transition, together with its heading. |
| > Leases |
Guidance Related to Disclosure of Other Topics at Interim Dates
- aFor business combinations and combinations accounted for by not-for-profit entities, see Sections 805-10-50, 805-20-50, 805-30-50, 805-740-50, and 958-805-50.
- bFor compensation-related costs, see paragraphs 715-60-50-3 and 715-60-50-6.
- cFor disclosures required for entities with oil- and gas-producing activities, see paragraph 932-270-50-1.
- dFor disclosures related to prior interim periods of the current fiscal year, see paragraph 250-10-50-11.
- eFor fair value requirements, see Section 820-10-50.
- fFor guarantors, see Section 460-10-50.
- gFor pensions and other postretirement benefits, see paragraphs .
- hFor reportable segments, see paragraphs 280-10-50-39 and 280-10-55-16.
- iFor suspended well costs and interim reporting, see Section 932-235-50.
- jFor applicability of disclosure requirements related to risks and uncertainties, see paragraph 275-10-15-3.
- kFor discontinued operations, see paragraphs .
- lFor disposals of individually significant components of an entity, see paragraph 360-10-50-3A.
- llFor disclosure requirements on the amount of obligations outstanding under a supplier finance program, see paragraph 405-50-50-4.
- mFor insurance entities that account for short-duration contracts, see paragraphs 944-40-50-3 and 944-40-50-4E.
- nFor insurance entities that account for long-duration contracts, see paragraphs , 944-40-50-6 through 50-7C, and .
- oFor disclosure requirements on investments that generate income tax credits and other income tax benefits from a tax credit program, see paragraphs .
- pFor disclosure requirements for crypto assets, see paragraphs 350-60-50-1 and .
- aFor business combinations and combinations accounted for by not-for-profit entities, see Sections 805-10-50, 805-20-50, 805-30-50, 805-740-50, and 958-805-50.
- bFor compensation-related costs, see paragraphs 715-60-50-3 and 715-60-50-6.
- cFor disclosures required for entities with oil- and gas-producing activities, see paragraph 932-270-50-1.
- dFor disclosures related to prior interim periods of the current fiscal year, see paragraph 250-10-50-11.
- eFor fair value requirements, see Section 820-10-50.
- fFor guarantors, see Section 460-10-50.
- gFor pensions and other postretirement benefits, see paragraphs .
- hFor reportable segments, see paragraphs 280-10-50-39 and 280-10-55-16.
- iFor suspended well costs and interim reporting, see Section 932-235-50.
- jFor applicability of disclosure requirements related to risks and uncertainties, see paragraph 275-10-15-3.
- kFor discontinued operations, see paragraphs .
- lFor disposals of individually significant components of an entity, see paragraph 360-10-50-3A.
- llFor disclosure requirements on the amount of obligations outstanding under a supplier finance program, see paragraph 405-50-50-4.
- mFor insurance entities that account for short-duration contracts, see paragraphs 944-40-50-3 and 944-40-50-4E.
- nFor insurance entities that account for long-duration contracts, see paragraphs , 944-40-50-6 through 50-7C, and .
- oFor disclosure requirements on investments that generate income tax credits and other income tax benefits from a tax credit program, see paragraphs .
- pFor disclosure requirements for crypto assets, see paragraphs 350-60-50-1 and .
- qFor income statement expense disaggregation, see Subtopic 220-40.
| Editor's Note: Paragraph 270-10-50-7 will be superseded upon transition, together with its heading. |
| > Guidance Related to Disclosure of Other Topics at Interim Dates |
- aDisclosure requirements of this Topic
- bInterim disclosure requirements of other Topics for condensed statements
- cDisclosure principle.
Disclosure Requirements of This Topic
- aSales or gross revenues, provision for income taxes, net income, and comprehensive income
- bSignificant changes in estimates or provisions for income taxes (see paragraphs 740-270-30-2, 740-270-30-6, and 740-270-30-8)
- cThe nature and amount of costs and expenses incurred in an interim period that cannot be readily identified with the activities or benefits of other interim periods unless items of a comparable nature are included in both the current interim period and in the corresponding interim period of the preceding year.
- dInformation needed for a proper understanding of the impact of unusual or infrequent items such as unusual seasonal results.
- eThe seasonal nature of activities for an entity with material seasonal variations in revenue, costs, or expenses.
- fWhen an entity uses estimated gross profit rates to determine the cost of goods sold during interim periods or uses other methods different from those used at annual inventory dates, the method used to determine the cost of goods sold at the interim date and any significant adjustments that result from reconciliations with the annual physical inventory.
- gError corrections that are material with respect to an interim period but not material with respect to the estimated income for the full fiscal year or to the trend of earnings, as indicated in paragraph 250-10-45-27.
- hA statement that interim financial statements are to be read in conjunction with the most recently issued annual financial statements and notes in accordance with GAAP. This disclosure is applicable only for entities that are not Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registrants and that provide condensed statements in accordance with the guidance in paragraphs .
Interim Disclosure Requirements of Other Topics for Condensed Statements
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| 205-10-50-1 |
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Disclosure Principle
270-10-60Relationships
Source downloaded: .Record version ea44d9c55a04. Effective date must be checked in the source.
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures
| Editor's Note: Paragraph 270-10-60-1 will be superseded upon transition, together with its heading. |
| > Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures |
270-10-65Transition and Open Effective Date Information
Source downloaded: .Record version 2cd7dfc73e34. Effective date must be checked in the source.
Transition Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-11, <em class="ph i">Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements</em>
- a A public business entity shall apply the pending content that links to this paragraph for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. An entity other than a public business entity shall apply the pending content that links to this paragraph for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2028.
- b Early adoption of the pending content that links to this paragraph is permitted in any interim reporting period in which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance.
- c An entity shall apply the pending content that links to this paragraph using one of the following transition methods:
- 1 Prospectively to interim financial statements and notes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) issued for interim reporting periods beginning after the date of adoption. The disclosures required by the pending content that links to this paragraph do not need to be included in interim financial statements and notes in accordance with GAAP for interim reporting periods beginning before the date of adoption that are being presented for comparative purposes.
- 2 Retrospectively to any or all prior interim reporting periods presented in the interim financial statements and notes in accordance with GAAP.
- 1
270-10-S00StatusSEC
Source downloaded: .Record version 16f18f5b052a. Effective date must be checked in the source.
| Paragraph | Action | Accounting Standards Update | Date |
| 270-10-S99-1 | Amended | Accounting Standards Update No. 2020-09 | 10/22/2020 |
| 270-10-S99-1 | Amended | Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-07 | 07/26/2019 |
| 270-10-S99-1 | Amended | Accounting Standards Update No. 2012-03 | 08/27/2012 |
| 270-10-S99-1 | Amended | Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-21 | 08/02/2010 |
| 270-10-S99-2 | Amended | Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-22 | 08/19/2010 |
270-10-S45Other Presentation MattersSEC
Source downloaded: .Record version 958999188060. Effective date must be checked in the source.
Form and Content
Separately Presented Captions Previously Combined
Separate Presentation of Inventory Components
270-10-S50DisclosureSEC
Source downloaded: .Record version 3e6ba61cd882. Effective date must be checked in the source.
Inclusion of Certain Necessary Adjustments in Interim Financial Statements
Required Various Disclosure in Interim Financial Statements
270-10-S55Implementation Guidance and IllustrationsSEC
Source downloaded: .Record version f49835c88136. Effective date must be checked in the source.
Computation of when Major Income Statement Captions May Be Combined
Computation of Cash Flows Provided by Operations for the Three Most Recent Years
270-10-S99SEC MaterialsSEC
Source downloaded: .Record version 64486d709687. Effective date must be checked in the source.
SEC Rules, Regulations, and Interpretations
- (a) Condensed statements. Interim financial statements shall follow the general form and content of presentation prescribed by the other sections of this Regulation with the following exceptions:
- (1) Interim financial statements required by this rule need only be provided as to the registrant and its subsidiaries consolidated and may be unaudited. Separate statements of other entities which may otherwise be required by this regulation may be omitted.
- (2) Interim balance sheets shall include only major captions (i. e., numbered captions) prescribed by the applicable sections of this Regulation with the exception of inventories. Data as to raw materials, work in process and finished goods inventories shall be included either on the face of the balance sheet or in the notes to the financial statements, if applicable. Where any major balance sheet caption is less than 10% of total assets, and the amount in the caption has not increased or decreased by more than 25% since the end of the preceding fiscal year, the caption may be combined with others.
- (3) Interim statements of comprehensive income shall also include major captions prescribed by the applicable sections of part 210 of this chapter (Regulation S-X). When any major statement of comprehensive income (or statement of net income if comprehensive income is presented in two separate but consecutive financial statements) caption is less than 15% of average net income for the most recent three fiscal years and the amount in the caption has not increased or decreased by more than 20% as compared to the corresponding interim period of the preceding fiscal year, the caption may be combined with others. In calculating average net income, loss years should be excluded. If losses were incurred in each of the most recent three years, the average loss shall be used for purposes of this test. Notwithstanding these tests, §210.4-02 applies and de minimis amounts therefore need not be shown separately, except that registrants reporting under § 210.9 shall show investment securities gains or losses separately regardless of size.
- (4) The statement of cash flows may be abbreviated starting with a single figure of net cash flows from operating activities and showing cash changes from investing and financing activities individually only when they exceed 10% of the average of net cash flows from operating activities for the most recent three years. Notwithstanding this test, § 210.4-02 applies and de minimis amounts therefore need not be shown separately.
- (5) The interim financial information shall include disclosures either on the face of the financial statements or in accompanying footnotes sufficient so as to make the interim information presented not misleading. Registrants may presume that users of the interim financial information have read or have access to the audited financial statements for the preceding fiscal year and that the adequacy of additional disclosure needed for a fair presentation may be determined in that context. Accordingly, footnote disclosure which would substantially duplicate the disclosure contained in the most recent annual report to security holders or latest audited financial statements, such as a statement of significant accounting policies and practices, details of accounts which have not changed significantly in amount or composition since the end of the most recently completed fiscal year, and detailed disclosures prescribed by §210.4-08 may be omitted.
- (6) Detailed schedules otherwise required by this Regulation may be omitted for purposes of preparing interim financial statements.
- (7) Provide the information required by §210.3-04 for the current and comparative year-to-date periods, with subtotals for each interim period.
- (b) Other instructions as to content. The following additional instructions shall be applicable for purposes of preparing interim financial statements:
- (1) Summarized statement of comprehensive income information shall be given separately as to each subsidiary not consolidated or 50 percent or less owned persons or as to each group of such subsidiaries or fifty percent or less owned persons for which separate individual or group statements would otherwise be required for annual periods. Such summarized information, however, need not be furnished for any such unconsolidated subsidiary or person which would not be required pursuant to §240.13a-13 or §240.15d-13 of this chapter to file quarterly financial information with the Commission if it were a registrant.
- (2) The basis of the earnings per share computation shall be stated together with the number of shares used in the computation.
- (3) If, during the most recent interim period presented, the registrant or any of its consolidated subsidiaries entered into a combination between entities under common control, supplemental disclosure of the separate results of the combined entities for periods prior to the combination shall be given, with appropriate explanations.
- (4)-(5) [Reserved]
- (6) For filings on Form 10-Q (§249.308(a) of this chapter), a letter from the registrant's independent accountant shall be filed as an exhibit (in accordance with the provisions of 17 CFR 229.601 (Item 601 of Regulation S-K) in the first Form 10-Q after the date of an accounting change indicating whether or not the change is to an alternative principle which, in the accountant's judgment is preferable under the circumstances; except that no letter from the accountant need be filed when the change is made in response to a standard adopted by the Financial Accounting Standards Board that requires such change.
- (7) Any material retroactive prior period adjustment made during any period covered by the interim financial statements shall be disclosed, together with the effect thereof upon net income— total and per share—of any prior period included and upon the balance of retained earnings. If results of operations for any period presented have been adjusted retroactively by such an item subsequent to the initial reporting of such period, similar disclosure of the effect of the change shall be made.
- (8) Any unaudited interim financial statements furnished shall reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. A statement to that effect shall be included. If all such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature, a statement to that effect shall be made; otherwise, there shall be furnished information describing in appropriate detail the nature and amount of any adjustments other than normal recurring adjustments entering into the determination of the results shown.
- (9) The requirements of §210.3-10 are applicable to financial statements for a subsidiary of the registrant that issues securities guaranteed by the registrant or guarantees securities issued by the registrant. Disclosures about guarantors and issuers of guaranteed securities registered or being registered must be presented as required by §210.13-01.
- (10) Disclosures about a registrant's affiliates whose securities collateralize any class of securities registered or being registered and the related collateral arrangement must be presented as required by §210.13-02.
- [85 FR 22000, Apr. 20, 2020]
- (c) Periods to be covered. The periods for which interim financial statements are to be provided in registration statements are prescribed elsewhere in this Regulation (see §§ 210.3-01 and 3-02). For filings on Form 10-Q, financial statements shall be provided as set forth in this paragraph (c):
- (1) An interim balance sheet as of the end of the most recent fiscal quarter and a balance sheet as of the end of the preceding fiscal year shall be provided. The balance sheet as of the end of the preceding fiscal year may be condensed to the same degree as the interim balance sheet provided. An interim balance sheet as of the end of the corresponding fiscal quarter of the preceding fiscal year need not be provided unless necessary for an understanding of the impact of seasonal fluctuations on the registrant's financial condition.
- (2) Interim statements of comprehensive income shall be provided for the most recent fiscal quarter, for the period between the end of the preceding fiscal year and the end of the most recent fiscal quarter, and for the corresponding periods of the preceding fiscal year. Such statements may also be presented for the cumulative twelve month period ended during the most recent fiscal quarter and for the corresponding preceding period.
- (3) Interim statements of cash flows shall be provided for the period between the end of the preceding fiscal year and the end of the most recent fiscal quarter, and for the corresponding period of the preceding fiscal year. Such statements may also be presented for the cumulative twelve month period ended during the most recent fiscal quarter and for the corresponding preceding period.
- (4) Registrants engaged in seasonal production and sale of a single-crop agricultural commodity may provide interim statements of comprehensive income and cash flows for the twelve month period ended during the most recent fiscal quarter and for the corresponding preceding period in lieu of the year-to-date statements specified in paragraphs (c)(2) and (3) of this section.
- (d) Interim review by independent public accountant. Prior to filing, interim financial statements included in quarterly reports on Form 10-Q (17 CFR 249.308(a)) must be reviewed by an independent public accountant using applicable professional standards and procedures for conducting such reviews, as may be modified or supplemented by the Commission. If, in any filing, the company states that interim financial statements have been reviewed by an independent public accountant, a report of the accountant on the review must be filed with the interim financial statements.
- (e) Filing of other interim financial information in certain cases. The Commission may, upon the informal written request of the registrant, and where consistent with the protection of investors, permit the omission of any of the interim financial information herein required or the filing in substitution thereof of appropriate information of comparable character. The Commission may also by informal written notice require the filing of other information in addition to, or in substitution for, the interim information herein required in any case where such information is necessary or appropriate for an adequate presentation of the financial condition of any person for which interim financial information is required, or whose financial information is otherwise necessary for the protection of investors.
- [46 FR 12489, Feb. 17, 1981, as amended at 50 FR 25215, June 18, 1985; 50 FR 49533, Dec. 3, 1985; 57 FR 45293, Oct. 1, 1992; 64 FR 73401, Dec. 30, 1999; 73 FR 956, Jan. 4, 2008; 74 FR 18616, Apr. 23, 2009; 76 FR 50120, Aug. 12, 2011; 83 FR 50205, Oct. 4, 2018]
SEC Staff Guidance
- a. Form of condensed financial statements.
- Facts: Rules 10-01(a)(2) and (3) of Regulation S-X provide that interim balance sheets and statements of income shall include only major captions (i. e., numbered captions) set forth in Regulation S-X, with the exception of inventories where data as to raw materials, work in process and finished goods shall be included, if applicable, either on the face of the balance sheet or in notes thereto. Where any major balance sheet caption is less than 10% of total assets and the amount in the caption has not increased or decreased by more than 25% since the end of the preceding fiscal year, the caption may be combined with others. When any major income statement caption is less than 15% of average net income attributable to the registrant for the most recent three fiscal years and the amount in the caption has not increased or decreased by more than 20% as compared to the corresponding interim period of the preceding fiscal year, the caption may be combined with others. Similarly, the statement of cash flows may be abbreviated, starting with a single figure of cash flows provided by operations and showing other changes individually only when they exceed 10% of the average of cash flows provided by operations for the most recent three years.
- Question 1: If a company previously combined captions in a Form 10-Q but is required to present such captions separately in the Form 10-Q for the current quarter, must it retroactively reclassify amounts included in the prior-year financial statements presented for comparative purposes to conform with the captions presented for the current-year quarter?
- Interpretive Response: Yes.
- Question 2: If a company uses the gross profit method or some other method to determine cost of goods sold for interim periods, will it be acceptable to state only that it is not practicable to determine components of inventory at interim periods?
- Interpretive Response: The staff believes disclosure of inventory components is important to investors. In reaching this decision the staff recognizes that registrants may not take inventories during interim periods and that managements, therefore, will have to estimate the inventory components. However, the staff believes that management will be able to make reasonable estimates of inventory components based upon their knowledge of the company's production cycle, the costs (labor and overhead) associated with this cycle as well as the relative sales and purchasing volume of the company.
- Question 3: If a company has years during which operations resulted in a net outflow of cash and cash equivalents, should it exclude such years from the computation of cash and cash equivalents provided by operations for the three most recent years in determining what sources and applications must be shown separately?
- Interpretive Response: Yes. Similar to the determination of average net income, if operations resulted in a net outflow of cash and cash equivalents during any year, such amount should be excluded in making the computation of cash flow provided by operations for the three most recent years unless operations resulted in a net outflow of cash and cash equivalents in all three years, in which case the average of the net outflow of cash and cash equivalents should be used for the test.